WO2002096824A1 - Element de paroi, parement pour parois, elements de paroi et analogues - Google Patents

Element de paroi, parement pour parois, elements de paroi et analogues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002096824A1
WO2002096824A1 PCT/BE2001/000095 BE0100095W WO02096824A1 WO 2002096824 A1 WO2002096824 A1 WO 2002096824A1 BE 0100095 W BE0100095 W BE 0100095W WO 02096824 A1 WO02096824 A1 WO 02096824A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall element
layer
granulate
shaped particles
synthetic material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BE2001/000095
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Robert Schildermans
Original Assignee
Gojo, Naamloze Vennootschap
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gojo, Naamloze Vennootschap filed Critical Gojo, Naamloze Vennootschap
Priority to PCT/BE2001/000095 priority Critical patent/WO2002096824A1/fr
Publication of WO2002096824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002096824A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0885—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements specially adapted for being adhesively fixed to the wall; Fastening means therefor; Fixing by means of plastics materials hardening after application
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00267—Materials permeable to vapours or gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure

Definitions

  • Wall element as well as covering for walls, wall elements and the like.
  • This invention relates to a wall element, as well as a covering for walls, wall elements and the like.
  • a wall element as well as a covering of the type comprising a layer which is composed of granulate-shaped particles which are kept together by means of a hardened synthetic material acting as a binding agent.
  • a wall element provided with such layer is described in the international patent application PCT/BE99/00154 of the present applicant.
  • the aforementioned layer is attached upon a basic body consisting of a hardened substance, more particularly upon a self-supporting prefabricated element, consisting of concrete, preferably cellular concrete.
  • 'invention aims at a covering, as well as a wall element, in which also such layer is applied, however, such that new technical possibilities are offered for covering walls, obtaining wall elements, respectively.
  • the invention provides a wall element in the form of a covering plate which can be applied on an existing support surface, with as a characteristic that this covering plate substantially consists of a layer which at least is composed of granulate-shaped particles which are kept together by means of a hardened synthetic material acting as a binding agent.
  • the covering plate substantially consists of the aforementioned layer, it is meant that almost no or no other material than the material of this layer is present in the wall element which is realized as a covering plate.
  • the mass consisting of said granulate-shaped particles and the binding agent thus will extend from the front side up to the rear side of the wall element.
  • a wall element which can be made relatively thin and which easily can be attached against a previously formed support structure, in the form of a wall, facade or such, whereby this may be a support structure which is new and intended for being covered, as well as an older, existing support structure which, for example, has to be renovated.
  • This wall element being realized as a covering plate can be of minor as well as major dimensions and, thus, can be realized in the form of tiles as well as in the form of 'larger covering plates.
  • the invention relates to a wall element in the form of a not self-supporting composed plate, with as a characteristic that this plate is at least composed of at least one base plate and at least one covering provided thereupon which in itself consists of a layer which at least is composed of granulate-shaped particles and a quantity of synthetic material acting at least as a binding agent.
  • a not self-supporting plate is meant that this plate in itself can not fulfill a carrying support function for a wall and therefore is intended for being attached against a support structure, for example, in or at a framework or against a wall.
  • a wall element which in itself is easy to handle and still is relatively stable, with which walls, wall surfaces, respectively, can be formed, for example, against a grid- or frame-shaped support structure, whereby an exterior surface is created which, as aforementioned, consists of granulate-shaped particles which are kept together by means of a hardened synthetic material acting as a binding agent, which surface, as a consequence, also shows the advantages of the application of these materials.
  • this wall element is vapour-permeable, in other words, the base plate, the covering provided thereupon and possible other layers thereof, all are vapour-permeable.
  • the base plate will consist of a material on the basis of wood or gypsum.
  • the base plate which in the first place is suitable for forming interior walls, use
  • wall elements which are realized according to the second aspect of the invention, consists in that such wall elements can easily be attached at a support surface, by means of traditional attachment techniques which are applied for classical sandwich-type plaster boards, for example, by means of screws, nails, glue or an adhesive mortar.
  • the invention relates to a covering for walls, wall elements or such, with as a characteristic that this covering at least consists of a layer which at least is composed of granulate-shaped particles and a quantity of synthetic material acting at least as a binding agent, and that this layer, at least at the exterior side, is provided with a ground surface.
  • this may be coverings realized as a wall element in accordance with the aforementioned first aspect, as well as coverings which form a fixed part of a wall element, for example, are attached to a base body, as described in the international patent application PCT/BE99/00154, or are fixed on a base plate, such in accordance with the aforementioned second aspect of the invention.
  • a first advantage consists in that always an easy to maintain surface is obtained, as this can easily cleaned by means of water.
  • the layer is ground, it is easy to be cleaned in that the surface substantially is composed of the hard ground small surfaces which then are created at the granulate-shaped particles.
  • the layer is not ground, the surface still remains easy to be cleaned thanks to the film of synthetic material which, according to the invention, mostly is present around the granulate-shaped particles.
  • Another advantage consists in that the kind of the granulate-shaped particles can be chosen in function of the application. So, for example, by applying a natural kind of stone for the granulate-shaped particles, a particularly pressure-resistant and shock-resistant surface can be created.
  • a further advantage consists in that the mass of granulate-shaped particles and synthetic material can be coloured at random, such that surfaces with different colours can be realized. Also, different effects can be obtained by applying different granulates, in respect to colour as well as to dimension and shape, for the granulate-shaped particles.
  • the aforementioned layer of granulate-shaped particles and synthetic material preferably also will show one or more of the characteristics described in the following.
  • the granulate-shaped particles together with the synthetic material form, so to speak, a single mass which, in hardened condition, manifests itself as the aforementioned layer.
  • a compact structure of mutually adhered granulate-shaped particles is obtained.
  • passages are concerned which are obtained in that a well-defined quantity of synthetic material in relation to the granulate-shaped particles is applied, which quantity is chosen such that, after mixing the granulate-shaped particles and the synthetic material, and after hardening this latter, free passages, as aforementioned, remain present between the granulate- shaped particles.
  • the granulate-shaped particles are formed of a natural kind of stone and that consequently a hard surface can be obtained;
  • the particles and/or the synthetic material are artificially coloured, with the advantage that a surface can be realized with the desired and/or with different colours;
  • the thickness of the layer has at least two times the thickness of the average size of the granulate-shaped particles, with the advantage that one can not directly see through the layer and therefore a good covering of the exterior surface is obtained, even if free passages are present between the granulate-shaped particles;
  • the granulate-shaped particles have an average size of 2 to 5 mm, with the advantage that a good covering can be realized, even if this layer is relatively thin.
  • figure 1 schematically represents an application of a wall element according to the first aspect of the invention
  • figure 2 at a strongly enlarging scale, represents a cross-section according. to line II-II in figure 1
  • figure 3 represents a wall element according to the second aspect of the invention
  • figures 5 to 7 further represent a number of variants of the embodiment of figure 2.
  • wall elements 1 are represented which are realized according to the aforementioned first aspect of the invention.
  • wall elements 1 in the form of a plate-shaped covering are concerned, which can be provided on an existing support surface 2.
  • the wall element 1 is realized as a plate-shaped covering which substantially consists of a layer 3 which is at least composed of granulate-shaped particles 4 which are kept together by means of a hardened synthetic material 5 acting as a binding agent.
  • a hardened synthetic material 5 acting as a binding agent.
  • no other structural layers of material are present in the wall element 1, such that the stability thereof, as well as other characteristics, such as the vapour-permeability, are determined exclusively by the material of the layer 3, being the granulate-shaped particles 4 and the synthetic material 5.
  • the mass consisting of said granulate-shaped particles 4 and the binding agent 5 extends from the front side 6 up to the rear side 7 of the wall element 1.
  • the wall element 1 thus preferably exclusively is formed of the granulate-shaped particles 4 and the binding agent 5, it is, however, not excluded to include additional elements in or at the layer 3 , such as, for example, a reinforcement net or such.
  • the layer 3, or, thus, the wall element 1 preferably is realized with a thickness which offers sufficient stability for performing the transport of such plates without these plates breaking easily. Practically, it is preferred that such wall element 1 thus has a thickness Dl of minimum 1 cm, although smaller thicknesses are not excluded. It is obvious that, with large dimensions of the wall elements 1, preferably at least the aforementioned thickness of 1 cm is applied, whereas with wall elements 1 in the shape of smaller tiles, this thickness will be considerably smaller, if desired.
  • the granulate-shaped particles 4 can be of any kind, in respect to the material from which they are manufactured, as well as in respect to the manner in which they are obtained.
  • the basic material from which these granulate-shaped particles 4 are formed may, for example, consist of a natural kind of stone, such as marble, gravel or blue-stone, however, may as well consist of another kind of material, such as granulated synthetic material or glass, or still of a mixture of different materials.
  • one may start from a material which is granulated in itself, as well as of materials which are granulated to form said particles 4, for example, by being broken and/or ground or by being composed starting from a pulverized basic substance.
  • the synthetic material 5 preferably is a synthetic material based on polyurethane, epoxy or such, however, it is evident that other synthetic materials are not excluded, on the condition that they guarantee a sufficiently large adhesion and, if desired, also sufficient sealing.
  • the layer 3 is obtained from a mixture of granulate-shaped particles 4 with the synthetic material 5.
  • the synthetic material 5 As a result thereof, it is guaranteed that a film of synthetic material is always present around the particles 4 , as a consequence of which a good adhesion at each contact point between two particles 4 is guaranteed.
  • a transparent synthetic material 5 By using a transparent synthetic material 5, the tint or colour of the particles 4 remains visible.
  • a coloured synthetic material 5 By using a coloured synthetic material 5, however, particular colour effects can be created. It is also possible to treat the granulate-shaped particles 4 with a colour, for example, pigment.
  • the wall element 1 shows free passages 8 between the rear side 7 and the front side 6, as a result of which, as explained in the introduction, moisture, more particularly vapour, may escape through the wall element 1 towards the exterior.
  • the wall element 1 can be manufactured by mixing a mass of granulate-shaped particles 4 with synthetic material 5 still to be hardened, and to spread this mass with a thickness Dl on a non-adhesive, for example, horizontal, support surface, and subsequently letting the obtained layer 3 harden, after which said layer can be removed from the support surface in the shape of a plate.
  • the mass can be spread such that a wall element 1 is obtained which immediately has the desired dimensions, however, of course a wall element 1 with well-defined dimensions can
  • the wall element 1 can be applied and provided on a support surface 2 in different manners. Preferably, however, one will proceed such as schematically represented in figure 1.
  • an adhesive agent 9 such as glue, cement or the like, is provided on the support surface and/or on the rear side 7 of the wall element 1, and subsequently the wall element 1 is fixed at the support surface 2 by means of the adhesive agent 9.
  • vapour-permeable support surface 2 can be of different kind, however, stone or concrete walls and in particular walls formed of blocks of cellular concrete are particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • the adhesive agent 9 does not form a vapour barrier. This is, amongst others, possible by providing either the adhesive agent 9, when this latter is not vapour-permeable, locally on the support surface 2, such as illustrated in figure 1, or by applying a vapour-permeable adhesive agent 9.
  • Figures 3 and 4 represent a wall element 10 which is realized according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • a wall element 10 in the form of a not self- supporting composed plate is concerned, with as a 'characteristic that this plate, as is clearly visible in the enlarged representation of figure 4, at least is composed of at least one base plate 11 and at least one covering provided thereupon which in itself consists of a layer 12 which, in respect to the composition thereof, is identical with and/or comparable to said layer 3, and therefore at least is composed of granulate-shaped particles 4 and a quantity of synthetic material 5 acting as a binding agent.
  • the wall element 10 either can be realized vapour-permeable or not.
  • the base plate 11 can be of a different kind.
  • it consists of sandwich-type plaster board, which traditionally is constructed of a core 15 of gypsum enclosed between two layers of cardboard 13-14.
  • the base plate 11 has, for example, a thickness D2 of approximately 1 cm, whereas the layer 12 has a thickness D3 of, for example, 2 to 5 mm.
  • D2 thickness of approximately 1 cm
  • D3 thickness of, for example, 2 to 5 mm.
  • other values for the thicknesses Dl, D2 and D3 are not excluded.
  • the layer 12 can be provided at the base plate 11 in different ways. So, for example, it may first be formed in a manner analogous to the forming of the layer 3, however, possibly thinner than this latter, after which it is attached against the base plate 11, for example, by means of an adhesive layer 16, such as glue.
  • the layer 12 can be formed by spreading the mass of granulate-shaped particles 4 and . synthetic material 5 on the base plate 11 before the synthetic material 5 has hardened, such that by the hardening of the synthetic material 5, not only an adhesion between the particles 4 is obtained, but also an adhesion of the layer 12 on the base plate 11.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the third aspect of the invention, discussed in the introduction, in this case applied to a wall element 1, more particularly a layer 3, such as described in the aforegoing.
  • the particularity hereby consists in that the layer 3, at the exterior side or, thus, front side 6, is provided with a ground surface, in other words, this surface is ground off through the granulate-shaped particles 4 concerned, which offers the advantages mentioned in the introduction.
  • this third aspect of the invention can also be applied to a layer 12 which is attached on a base plate 11, and further also to layers consisting of granulate- shaped particles 4 and synthetic material 5 which are provided on other elements, for example, on basic bodies of a hardened substance, such as described in the international patent application PCT/BE99/00154.
  • Figure 6 represents another particular form of embodiment, whereby the synthetic material 5 is mixed with an inert filling agent, for example, stone ground to powder or very fine particles, whereby particular effects can be created.
  • an inert filling agent for example, stone ground to powder or very fine particles
  • Figure 7 corresponds to figure 6, with the only difference that the front side 6, in accordance with the third aspect of the invention, is ground off.
  • the synthetic material 5 is mixed with filling agent, ground surfaces 17 at granulate-shaped particles 4, as well as ground surfaces 18 at the filling mass are obtained, 'which both create the appearance of stone.
  • the quantity of synthetic material 5 with filling agent present therein can be chosen such that passages 8 for vapour and the like are maintained. If, however, one wants to obtain the largest possible passages 8, preferably no filling agent will be provided in the synthetic material 5.
  • filling agent in combination with the synthetic material 5 can also be applied in a layer 12 which is provided on a base plate 11.
  • the quantity of synthetic material 5 also can be chosen such that a closed structure, thus, without passages 8, is obtained, whereby the vapour-permeability then, however, is affected in a disadvantageous manner, which, however, does not pose a problem for certain applications.
  • the aforementioned passages 8 also can be realized in other ways, for example, by drilling holes into the layer 3 or 12, or, when forming this layer 3 or 12, providing pins therein which are removed after hardening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de paroi se présentant sous la forme d'un parement en forme de plaque qui peut être utilisé sur une surface de support existante (2), caractérisé en ce que ledit parement en forme de plaque est sensiblement constitué d'une couche (3) qui au moins est composée de particules granulaires (4) qui sont maintenues ensemble au moyen d'une matière synthétique durcie (5) agissant comme un liant.
PCT/BE2001/000095 2001-05-29 2001-05-29 Element de paroi, parement pour parois, elements de paroi et analogues WO2002096824A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/BE2001/000095 WO2002096824A1 (fr) 2001-05-29 2001-05-29 Element de paroi, parement pour parois, elements de paroi et analogues

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/BE2001/000095 WO2002096824A1 (fr) 2001-05-29 2001-05-29 Element de paroi, parement pour parois, elements de paroi et analogues

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002096824A1 true WO2002096824A1 (fr) 2002-12-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BE2001/000095 WO2002096824A1 (fr) 2001-05-29 2001-05-29 Element de paroi, parement pour parois, elements de paroi et analogues

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2002096824A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005016618A1 (fr) * 2003-08-18 2005-02-24 The University Of Southern Queensland Element structurel
BE1015390A3 (nl) * 2003-02-27 2005-03-01 Ivo Swenters Wand-, dak- of gevelelement met composietlaag.
EP1905915A1 (fr) 2006-09-29 2008-04-02 Mühlebach, Andreas Méthode de production d'une dalle de béton
US7713615B2 (en) 2001-04-03 2010-05-11 James Hardie International Finance B.V. Reinforced fiber cement article and methods of making and installing the same
US7993570B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2011-08-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Durable medium-density fibre cement composite
US8689509B2 (en) 2006-02-03 2014-04-08 James Hardie Technology Limited Expressed joint facade system
US8993462B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2015-03-31 James Hardie Technology Limited Surface sealed reinforced building element

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8308510U1 (de) * 1983-03-22 1983-08-25 Petri, Knuth, 6450 Hanau Bauelement, insbesondere gasbetonstein, ziegel, platte oder aehnliches mit zumindest einer veredelten sichtflaeche
DE3909169A1 (de) * 1988-03-23 1989-10-05 Saburo Takahashi Wasserdurchlaessiges naturfarbenes pflasterelement und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3837430A1 (de) * 1988-11-04 1990-05-10 Manfred Kontriner Formteil
JPH0343561A (ja) * 1989-07-11 1991-02-25 Takiron Co Ltd 石調模様付化粧板並びにその製造方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8308510U1 (de) * 1983-03-22 1983-08-25 Petri, Knuth, 6450 Hanau Bauelement, insbesondere gasbetonstein, ziegel, platte oder aehnliches mit zumindest einer veredelten sichtflaeche
DE3909169A1 (de) * 1988-03-23 1989-10-05 Saburo Takahashi Wasserdurchlaessiges naturfarbenes pflasterelement und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3837430A1 (de) * 1988-11-04 1990-05-10 Manfred Kontriner Formteil
JPH0343561A (ja) * 1989-07-11 1991-02-25 Takiron Co Ltd 石調模様付化粧板並びにその製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 182 (M - 1111) 10 May 1991 (1991-05-10) *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7713615B2 (en) 2001-04-03 2010-05-11 James Hardie International Finance B.V. Reinforced fiber cement article and methods of making and installing the same
US7993570B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2011-08-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Durable medium-density fibre cement composite
BE1015390A3 (nl) * 2003-02-27 2005-03-01 Ivo Swenters Wand-, dak- of gevelelement met composietlaag.
WO2005016618A1 (fr) * 2003-08-18 2005-02-24 The University Of Southern Queensland Element structurel
US8689509B2 (en) 2006-02-03 2014-04-08 James Hardie Technology Limited Expressed joint facade system
US8993462B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2015-03-31 James Hardie Technology Limited Surface sealed reinforced building element
EP1905915A1 (fr) 2006-09-29 2008-04-02 Mühlebach, Andreas Méthode de production d'une dalle de béton

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