WO2002091654A2 - Verfahren zur umsetzung von eingangsbits auf modulationssymbole - Google Patents
Verfahren zur umsetzung von eingangsbits auf modulationssymbole Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002091654A2 WO2002091654A2 PCT/DE2002/001358 DE0201358W WO02091654A2 WO 2002091654 A2 WO2002091654 A2 WO 2002091654A2 DE 0201358 W DE0201358 W DE 0201358W WO 02091654 A2 WO02091654 A2 WO 02091654A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bits
- coded
- modulation symbols
- input bits
- value
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0059—Convolutional codes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
- H04L1/0042—Encoding specially adapted to other signal generation operation, e.g. in order to reduce transmit distortions, jitter, or to improve signal shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
- H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L2001/0098—Unequal error protection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for reacting a ⁇ output bits onto modulation symbols, in particular involving a convolution coding.
- Source signals such as voice, sound, image and video almost always include statistical redundancy. This redundancy can be removed by the source coding, so that an efficient transmission or storage of the source signal is made possible.
- redundancy can be removed by the source coding, so that an efficient transmission or storage of the source signal is made possible.
- channel coding it is necessary to add redundancy by channel coding in order to eliminate channel interference. It is known to perform convolutional coding as channel coding.
- Flexible multirate coding and adaptive decoding are often required, since the data to be transmitted generally require different degrees of error protection and / or the transmission channel is time-variant and / or not (fully) known.
- Flexible multi-rate coding is also understood to mean source and / or channel coding, which makes it possible to extract more or less redundant information from source signals or to add them for error protection, depending on the requirements.
- a convolutional code is usually described by so-called generator polynomials, by means of which input bits of the convolutional encoder in implemented convolution-encoded and channel encoded code bits ⁇ to.
- generator polynomial also means a quotient of generator polynomials .
- the convolutional coding itself is well known to the experts, which is why it will not be discussed further here.
- a multirate coding scheme is usually implemented by puncturing (removal) of code bits (punctured convolutional / PC code) and / or by repeating code bits (repetition convolutional / RC code) after the fold coding.
- code bits Punctured convolutional / PC code
- repeating code bits repetition convolutional / RC code
- IC insertion convolutional
- code bits In digital communication, (channel-coded) bits (code bits) are usually transmitted in modulated form.
- the code bits are combined into symbols or mapped onto them using modulation techniques.
- modulation techniques The situation arises in particular in the case of higher-order modulation methods that the bit positions which are assigned to a modulation symbol have different channel error susceptibilities due to their relative phases and / or amplitude positions.
- a higher susceptibility to channel errors means a lower reliability for the correct reception of a bit position if the transmission of the modulation symbol takes place via a disturbed channel.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for converting input bits to modulation symbols which enables the input bits to be transmitted more reliably than in the prior art. This problem is solved by the features of the independent An ⁇ entitlement. Further developments are evident from the dependi ⁇ gen claims.
- the invention is based on the fundamental idea that fal ⁇ processing coded input bits, ie code bits ⁇ on the Fal tung coding of input based to assign a prioritization approximation, and the mapping of the convolution-coded input bits to bits of the modulation symbols taking into account the Kanalschreibanfallmaschine of bits the modulation symbols and the prioritization value of the convolutionally coded input bit.
- the prioritization value describes the relevance of a convolutionally coded input bit (code bits) for incorrectly correcting convolutional decoding on the receiving side.
- the convolutionally coded input bits are mapped to bit positions of the modulation symbols in such a way that convolutionally coded input bits which have a relatively high prioritization value are mapped to bit positions of the modulation symbols which have a relatively low susceptibility to errors.
- "Relatively large / small” also means larger / smaller than the corresponding average value.
- Insertioncode When using a Insertioncodes the receiver side at fixed known value positio ⁇ nen in the data stream, for example, dummy bits with transmitter and voice coded Since ⁇ th inserted.
- positio ⁇ nen in the data stream, for example, dummy bits with transmitter and voice coded Since ⁇ th inserted.
- the input bits dummy bits contain, be rules for the assignment of priority values to convolutionally coded input bits is ⁇ , which turned out in the above-mentioned simulations to be particularly advantageous.
- All convolutionally coded information bits i.e. all bits that are based on convolutional coding of information bits.
- special convolutionally coded information bits can be excluded in order to achieve lower protection for certain information bits (cf. example below). Priority 6 is then assigned to these excluded bits.
- the convolutionally coded input bits (code bits) are distributed to the modulation symbols in accordance with the following steps: 1. Start with the bits (code bits) of the highest priority value
- bit positions with the lowest susceptibility to channel errors are assigned, then the bit positions with the next lowest susceptibility to channel errors become positions with the lowest susceptibility to channel errors within the meaning of rules 2 to 4. Now place the bits that have not yet been placed in accordance with rules 2 to 5.
- an EDGE 8PSK channel is considered as an exemplary embodiment in which the bits to be transmitted are combined into symbols of 3 bits due to the modulation.
- This channel is used to transmit speech that has been source-coded with the Adaptive Multi-Rate speech codec when using the lowest data rate of 4.75 kbit / s.
- a code rate H is chosen for the convolutional encoder.
- generator polynomials are the generator polynomials
- G5 / G4 1 + D + D 4 + D 6/1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- G6 / G4 1 + D + D + D 3 + D 4 + D 6/1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- G7 / G4 1 + D + D2 + D3 + D6 / 1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- Bits can be punctured. There remain 246 bits to be transmitted. To terminate the code with memory 6, 6 termination bits are necessary, which result in 24 bits coded. Two bits are punctured. 22 bits remain.
- Another embodiment of the invention provides, when using repeat codes, to assign a relatively low prioritization value to convolutionally coded repeat bits.
- the expression "convolutionally coded repeat bit” includes both the convolutional coding of a repeated bit and the repetition of a convolutionally coded bit. This embodiment variant is based on the knowledge that if an output bit of the convolutional encoder is repeated to increase the data rate, this bit is not as susceptible to channel errors due to the multiple transmission. Therefore, such convolution-coded repeat bits can be mapped to bit positions with a relatively high susceptibility to channel errors.
- G6 / G4 1 + D + D 2 + D 3 + D 4 + D 6/1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- G7 / G4 1 + D + D2 + D3 + D6 / 1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- G5 / G4 1 + D + D + D 6/1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- G6 / G4 1 + D + D 2 + D 3 + D 4 + D 6/1 + D 2 + D 3 + D 5 + D 6
- the last 3 generator polynomials are a repetition of the first 3 generator polynomials.
- the 7 bits that are output by the convolutional encoder when the frame bit u (k) is present at the input are: ⁇ C (7k), C (7k + 1), C (7k + 2), C (7k + 3), C (7k + 4), C (7k + 5), C (7k + 6) ⁇ .
- One or two bits of the double transmitted bits can now be placed on weak bits. The higher channel error susceptibility of these bit positions is then compensated for by the repetition. For example, the assignment could be designed in this way (bold print means: placement on a strong bit)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02740245A EP1384345A2 (de) | 2001-05-04 | 2002-04-11 | Verfahren zur umsetzung von eingangsbits auf modulationssymbole |
US10/477,004 US20040177311A1 (en) | 2001-05-04 | 2002-04-11 | Method for converting input bits into modulation symbols |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10121755.2 | 2001-05-04 | ||
DE10121755A DE10121755A1 (de) | 2001-05-04 | 2001-05-04 | Verfahren zur Umsetzung von Eingangsbits auf Modulationssymbole |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002091654A2 true WO2002091654A2 (de) | 2002-11-14 |
WO2002091654A3 WO2002091654A3 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
Family
ID=7683644
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2002/001358 WO2002091654A2 (de) | 2001-05-04 | 2002-04-11 | Verfahren zur umsetzung von eingangsbits auf modulationssymbole |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040177311A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1384345A2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1518810A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10121755A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002091654A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4469261B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-22 | 2010-05-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | ディジタル信号伝送装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3645027B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-20 | 2005-05-11 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 可変長データ送受信装置 |
US6678311B2 (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 2004-01-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | High data CDMA wireless communication system using variable sized channel codes |
GB9814960D0 (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 1998-09-09 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Coding device and communication system using the same |
EP1059755A1 (de) * | 1999-06-09 | 2000-12-13 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Ungleicher Fehlerschutz für Paketvermittlungsnetzwerke |
US6476734B2 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2002-11-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method and apparatus for prioritizing information protection in high order modulation symbol mapping |
FI115178B (fi) * | 2000-10-31 | 2005-03-15 | Nokia Corp | Menetelmä ja järjestely bittien suojaamiseksi parhaalla mahdollisella tavalla tiedonsiirtovirheitä vastaan |
US6981202B2 (en) * | 2001-01-08 | 2005-12-27 | Nokia Corporation | Method and system for allocating convolutional encoded bits into symbols before modulation for wireless communication |
-
2001
- 2001-05-04 DE DE10121755A patent/DE10121755A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-04-11 CN CNA028093593A patent/CN1518810A/zh active Pending
- 2002-04-11 WO PCT/DE2002/001358 patent/WO2002091654A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-11 EP EP02740245A patent/EP1384345A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-11 US US10/477,004 patent/US20040177311A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
ASANO D K ET AL: "SERIAL UNEQUAL ERROR-PROTECTION CODES BASED ON TRELLIS-CODED MODULATION" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, IEEE INC. NEW YORK, US, Bd. 45, Nr. 6, 1. Juni 1997 (1997-06-01), Seiten 633-636, XP000659558 ISSN: 0090-6778 * |
See also references of EP1384345A2 * |
WEN XU ET AL: "A CLASS OF MULTIRATE CONVOLUTIONAL CODES BY DUMMY BIT INSERTION" GLOBECOM'00. 2000 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE. SAN FRANCISCO, CA, NOV. 27 - DEC. 1, 2000, IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, NEW YORK, NY: IEEE, US, Bd. 2 OF 4, 27. November 2000 (2000-11-27), Seiten 830-834, XP001017202 ISBN: 0-7803-6452-X * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002091654A3 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
US20040177311A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
CN1518810A (zh) | 2004-08-04 |
EP1384345A2 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
DE10121755A1 (de) | 2002-11-07 |
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