Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
  • C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D11/00—Inks
  • C09D11/02—Printing inks
  • C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
  • C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16

Definitions

• This invention relates to radiation curable compositions and printing inks for the manufacture of packaging materials. More particularly, this invention relates to solvent resistant radiation curable aqueous compositions and aqueous printing inks.
• Energy curable, low viscosity inks and coatings are typically composed of mixtures of acryiated oligomers and monomers.
• monomers are used to control viscosity of ink or coating formulations for flexographic, gravure, roller and tower printing and coating applications.
• diluent monomers do not react completely during polymerization upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB) radiation.
• UV ultraviolet
• EB electron beam
• Such unreacted monomers remain as residual components in the dried printing ink or coating films and are subject to migration by absorption ' as well as surface contact. This migration of residual components leads to a host of problems, particularly for printing or coating "odor" and "off-taste" sensitive packaging for packages such as containers for tobacco, perfume, etc.
• solvents are employed to achieve a' coating of lower viscosity.
• An example of an solvent based coating is described in U.S. Patent
• compositions may be used as condenser packings, food contact material , wire cable insulation materials, and in the manufacture of high purity hoses.
• cbatings are prepared by dissolving the copolymer in toluene.
• the .invention is a method for producing a low-extractable film (i.e. printing ink film or coating) comprising the steps of: a) providing an actinic radiation curable aqueous composition consisting essentially of a water soluble compound which contains at least one ⁇ , ⁇ - ethylenically unsaturated radiation polymerizable double bond and water; b) applying said aqueous composition onto a surface; and c) irradiating the surface with actinic radiation in the presence of the water.
• a further embodiment of this invention is an actinic radiation curable aqueous composition consisting essentially of a water soluble compound which contains at least one ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated radiation polymerizable double bond and water.
• the present invention relates to a novel aqueous radiation curable composition which consists essentially of a water soluble compound which contains at least one ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated radiation polymerizable double bond, water and optionally a photoinitiating system.
• the water soluble compound is a water soluble oligomer containing two or more acrylic groups.
• the term "low-extractable film” is intended to mean a cured film is substantially free of solvent extractable oligomer or residual components (i.e., less than 50 ppb) when subjected to solvent under a solvent extraction protocol hereinafter described.
• the curable composition of this invention may also contain a colorant such as a dye or pigment.
• a colorant such as a dye or pigment.
• Such a colored composition may be used as - a printing ink or simply to form cured colored coatings.
• the term "printing ink” has its conventional meaning, i.e., a colored liquid composed of a colorant, typically a solid pigment, dispersed in liquid vehicle.
• the radiation curable printing ink of this invention comprises a pigment and a liquid vehicle.
• the curable composition may be used in a number of applications which require limited extractables, the composition is particularly useful in the packaging industry, and more specifically in the packaging industry wherein cured coatings and/or printed matter come in contact with products having strict purity or contamination requirements at ambient and/or processing conditions. Cured films of this invention have insignificant or no odor, and impart no substantially contamination products when used in packaging foods, drinks, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, etc.
• the aqueous radiation curable composition of this invention contains as the essential ingredients, a water soluble compound which contains at least one ⁇ , ⁇ - ethylenically unsaturated radiation polymerizable double bond, preferably the water soluble compound is a water soluble oligomer containing two or more acrylic groups; water; and optionally a photoinitiating system activatable UV radiation; and/or a colorant.
• water soluble compound means a radiation curable compound which contains a limited number of water * solubilizing groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, ether and the like, sufficient to provide solutions of the compound in water at ambient temperatures; and in addition which contains at least one ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated radiation polymerizable double bond.
• the water soluble compound is an oligomer.
• oligomer is intended to include compounds which contain two or more terminal, or pendent, ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated groups which are linked through a polymeric backbone, or through similar linking groups to a central aliphatic or aromatic backbone.
• Such a water soluble compound may be an epoxy acrylate, an epoxy methacrylate, a polyether acrylate, a polyether methacrylate, a polyester acrylate, a polyester methacrylate, a polyurethane acrylate, a polyurethane methacrylate, a melamine acrylate, or a melamine methacrylate.
• the acrylate is an aromatic or aliphatic acrylate
• the compound is a diacrylate ester of an alkanolglycidyl ether such as 1 , 4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether, an ethoxylated aromatic epoxide, and ethoxylated trimethylolpropanetriacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate, ethoxylated aliphatic or aromatic epoxy acrylate, ethoxylated aliphatic or aromatic epoxy methacrylate, polyoxy ethylene glycol diacrylate; polyoxy ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
• an alkanolglycidyl ether such as 1 , 4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether, an ethoxylated aromatic epoxide, and ethoxylated trimethylolpropanetriacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate
• the ethoxylated aromatic epoxide contains 6 to 20 ethoxy groups.
• Suitable compounds are aliphatic and aromatic epoxy acrylates and epoxy methacrylates, aliphatic compounds preferably being employed. These include, for example, the reaction products of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with aliphatic glycidyl ethers.
• polyether acrylates and methacrylates preference is given to the reaction products of acrylic or methacrylic acid with the polyesterols and polyetherols which were described as polycondensates.
• polyesterols and polyetherols preference is given to the radiation curable acrylates described in EP-A-126 341 and EP-A-279 303.
• Polyetherols employed in this context are preferably alkoxylated, especially ethoxylated and/or propoxylated, mono-, di-, tri- or poiyfunctional alcohols.
• melamine acrylates and methacrylates are obtained, for example, by esterifying the free methylol groups of the resins with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or by transetherification of etherified melamine compounds with hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, for example hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate.
• Still further suitable compounds are, in general, thickeners which contain unsaturated groups. These include on the one hand polyurethane thickeners, which contain ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated double bonds as a result of the incorporation of the above mentioned hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, hydroxyalkyl acrylates .
• polyacrylate thickeners which are obtained by polymer-analogous reaction of, for example, hydroxyl-containing polymers, or polymers containing acid groups, with epoxide-containing methacrylates, acrylates for example glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate or of hydroxyl-containing polymers by esterification with methacrylic acid, acrylic acid or reaction with methacrylic anhydride, acrylic anhydride or by reaction with NCO-terminated methacrylates, acrylates for example methacryloyl isocyanate, isocyanatoethyl methacrylate, isocyanatoethyl acrylate etc.
• They additionally include polyvinyl alcohols which are modified, for example, by reaction with methacrylic anhydride, acrylic anhydride or by esterification with methacrylic acid, acrylic acid with groups containing double bonds.
• copolymers comprising maleic anhydride as comonomer, the polymer being modified by ring opening of the anhydride with the above mentioned hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, hydroxyalkyl acrylates or with hydroxy vinyl ethers, for example butanediol monovinyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol monovinyl ether etc., with double bonds.
• Particularly preferred water soluble compounds include diacrylate esters of an alkanoiglycidyl ether; wherein the alkanol has 2 or 3 hydroxy groups, such as a diacrylate of 1 ,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether; a triacrylate of trimethylolpropane- diglycidyl ether, or a mixture thereof; and ethoxylated acrylic oligomers, such as an ethoxylated trimethylolpropanetriacrylate; an ethoxylated trimethylolpropane diacrylate; or a mixture thereof; wherein the ethoxylated oligomer contains 9-12 ethoxy groups.
• a particularly preferred water soluble compound is the diacrylate ester of 1 ,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether, which is available from BASF Corporation, Charlotte NC, as Laromer LR 8765 aliphatic epoxy acrylate.
• the aqueous, radiation curable coating compositions of this invention contains from about 0.1 to about 95% by weight of the water soluble radiation curable compound, preferably from 75 to 95 wt.% made of at least one ⁇ , ⁇ - ethylenically unsaturated, radiation-curable double bond.
• the curable composition contains between about 5 wt. % and about 50 wt. % water.
• the water soluble compound is added to the coating composition in an amount sufficient to attain a solids content ranging from 75 to 95 wt. %.
• the radiation curable coatings of this invention optionally may contain an addition polymerization photoinitiator which generates free radicals upon- irradiation with UV at a wavelength ranging from 200 to 420 nanometers.
• the aqueous radiation curable coating compositions of this invention optionally contains from 0 to about 10 wt. % of a photoinitiating system.
• a photoinitiating system has one or more compounds that directly furnish free radicals when activated by UV radiation.
• the photoinitiator system may also contain a sensitizer that extends spectral response into the near ultraviolet, visible and/or near infrared spectral regions.
• the coating compositions When cured by UV radiation, the coating compositions typically have from about 0.05 to about 20 wt. %, preferably from 0.05 to 10 wt. % and, in particular, from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of a photoinitiating system.
• a photoinitiating system A wide variety of photoinitiating systems may be used provided that the components of the system or their residue after polymerization, are non-migratory or substantially leachable from the cured film.
• Useful photoinitiators of this type are described by B.M. Monroe and G.C. Weed in an article entitled "Photoinitiators for Free-Radical-lnitiated Photoimaging Systems", Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 435-448.
• Photoinitiators which may be used alone or in combination, include benzophenone, 4-4'bisdiethylamino-benzophenone, 4-diethylamino, 4'- dimethylamino benzopheone, alkylbenzophenones, such as 4- methylbenzophe ⁇ one, halomethylated benzophenones, Michler's ketone (4,4 - bisdimethylamino-benzophenone), halogenated benzophenones, such as 4- chlorobenzophenone, 4,4'-dichloro-benzophenone, anthraquinone, anthrone (9,10-dihydro-9-anthracenone), benzoin, isobutyl benzoin ether, benzil and benzil derivatives, such as benzil dimethyl ketal, and phosphine oxides or phosphine sulfides, such as bisacylphosphine oxides, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl
• Preferred photoinitiators which may be used alone or in combination with others are 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenyl-(2-hydroxy-2- methylpropyl)-ketone; isopropyl-thioxanthone; and the like.
• the photoinitiating system may additionally comprise a synergist, preferably a tertiary amine.
• Suitable synergists are triethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, amino acrylates, for example amine-modified polyether acrylates, such as the BASF Laromer ® grades LR 8956, LR 8889, LR 8869, LR 8894, PO 83F and PO 84F, and mixtures thereof.
• amine-modified polyether acrylates such as the BASF Laromer ® grades LR 8956, LR 8889, LR 8869, LR 8894, PO 83F and PO 84F, and mixtures thereof.
• pure tertiary amines they are generally employed in an amount of up to 5% by weight, in the case of amino acrylates in an equivalent amount corresponding to the number of amino groups present, based on the overall amount of the coating compositions.
• the aqueous radiation curable composition of this invention may • additionally contain from 0 to about 50 wt. % of a colorant such as a dye or pigment.
• a colorant such as a dye or pigment.
• such dyes or pigments while soluble or dispersible in the curable composition, form permanent non-migratory components in the coated cured composition.
• the aqueous coating 5 solution typically contains one or more solid pigments dispersed therein.
• pigment may be any conventional organic or inorganic pigment such as Zinc
• Pigment Black 7 20 Pigment Black 7 and the like.
• Pigment compositions which are also useful in the energy curable inks of this invention are described in U.S. Patents 4,946,508; 4,946,509; 5,024,894; and 5,062,894 each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• Such pigment compositions are a blend of the pigment along with a poly(alkylene oxide) grafted pigment.
• 25 colorant are particularly useful in formulating radiation curable printing inks for use in conventional printing such as flexographic, gravure letterpress, dry-offset and lithographic printing. Although each of these printing operations require inks with specific characteristics such as specific viscosity ranges, such characteristics can be realized by adjusting the ratio of solids, including the pigment and water soluble
• the aqueous curable compositions may contain additional adjuvants provided that the additional adjuvants do not materially affect the essential nature of the composition and that the adjuvants or their residue after polymerization, are non-migratory and are substantially not leachable from the cured film.
• the radiation curable compositions and inks of this invention may contain the typical adjuvants to adjust flow, surface tension and gloss of the cured coating or printed ink.
• Such adjuvants contained in inks or coatings typically are a surface active agent, a wax, fillers, matting agents, or a combination thereof. These adjuvants may function as leveling agents, wetting agents, dispersants, defrothers or deareators, or additional adjuvants may be added to provide a specific function.
• Preferred adjuvants include fluorocarbon surfactants such as FC-430,a product of the 3M company; silicones, such as DC57, a product of Dow Chemical Corporation; polyethylene wax; polyamide wax; paraffin wax; pdlytetrafluoro ethylene wax; and the like.
• the coating compositions may contain from about 0 to about 50 wt. %, preferably from about 1 to 50 wt. % of a filler.
• suitable fillers are silicates obtainable by hydrolyzing silicon tetrachloride (Aerosil ® from Degussa), siliceous earth, talc, aluminum silicates, sodium aluminum silicates, magnesium silicates, etc.
• the coating compositions may also include from 0 to 20 wt. % of protective colloids or co-resins and/or emulsifiers.
• Suitable emulsifiers are those commonly employed as dispersants in the context of aqueous emulsion polymerization and known to the skilled worker, such as those described in Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Volume XIV/1 , Makromoleculare Stoffe, Georg-Thieme-verlag, Stuttgart, 1961 , pp. 411 -420.
• Suitable protective materials include polyvinylalcohol, polyvinypyrrolidone, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, starch, starch derivatives, gelatin, gelatin derivatives, etc.
• An embodiment of this invention is a method of forming a low-extractable film.
• the aqueous composition previously described is applied onto a surface of a substrate and without any substantial removal of water, the applied aqueous composition is irradiated with high energy electrons or ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the presence of the water to form a cured film.
• the aqueous composition may be applied to the substrate surface as a uniform coating using any conventional coating technique.
• the composition may be spin coated, bar coated, roller coated, curtain coated or may be applied by brushing, spraying, etc.
• the aqueous composition may be applied imagewise to the substrate surface, for instance as a printing ink, using any conventional printing technique.
• the aqueous coating composition is applied to the substrate surface, it is immediately cured without any prior removal of the water, using either high energy electrons or UV radiation.
• the high energy electrons have an energy between about 50 and about 200 kV electrons and preferably between 85 and 180 kV electrons and are typically produced by a high energy electron device.
• the dosage of high energy electron ranges from about 2 to about 4 megarads
• UV irradiation may be carried out using any conventional off-contact exposure device which emits within the spectral region from about 200 nanometers to about 420 nanometers.
• the water in the coated composition does not interfere with curing process, but rather promotes complete curing of the water soluble compound into a completely cured film or image with little or no extractable residual compound. Water is believed to be removed concurrently with the curing process and/or subsequently during manipulation of the substrate.
• the term "cured film” is intended to include a continuous cured film composition as well as a discontinuous cured ink image composition. In either sense of the term, the cured film is adhered to a substrate and has an outer "cured surface" which defines the surface area used in the extraction procedures fully described hereinbelow.
• the substrate and its surface may be composed of any typical substrate material such as plastics, for example, polystyrene, polyvinylchlpride, polynaphthelene terephthalate, polyacrylate, polyacrylic, metals, composites, glass, paper, etc.
• the cured coating on the substrate may be used in a variety of applications where low or no contamination from the substrate is required.
• Aqueous radiation curable compositions of this invention have the unique characteristic in that a coating of the composition on a surface, when cured with high energy electrons or UV radiation in the presence of the water, forms a highly crosslinked cured film which is resistant to conventional solvent rub tests; and from which less than 50 ppb of the water soluble compound or residual components are extracted by aggressive solvents such as methylene chloride, acetonitrile, etc.
• Solvent Rub Test A sample of the cured film is placed on a flat, hard surface with the cured film side up. The cured film surface is then repeatedly rubbed to and from with an applicator pad saturated with a solvent such as methylethylketone, isopropyl alcohol, or the like.
• the applicator pad typically is a wad of cotton, a soft fabric or a paper product; and is applied under normal hand pressure in a to-and-fro rubbing motion.
• the number of times the film surface can be rubbed before deterioration of the film surface is a measure of the solvent resistance of the cured film.
• a cured film is considered solvent resistant if the film can be rubbed 10 or more times with the selected solvent, before any deterioration is observed and preferably 20 to 75 or more times.
• Plastics films for packaging food are not usually required to contribute to the taste or smell of the food. On the contrary, it is usually required that they should not do so. If the taste or smell properties of the food are changed in any way, the result is almost invariably considered unfavorable. If the change is sufficiently unpleasant the result is called “off odor", "off flavor” or “tainting”. These have a similar mechanistic rationale to toxic hazard, in that they arise from interactions between the food and plastic or the environment. With rare exceptions, most high molecular weight polymers are tasteless and odorless; thus the majority component of all commercial plastics films will not give rise to an off flavor or off odor. This is a remarkable generalization that can not be made for all packaging materials.
• Volatiles liable t ⁇ diffuse from the plastic to the contents of the package are divided into those residual from the manufacturing process (hence also including residual reactants); degradation products formed during the conversion process; and additives.
• degradation products formed during the conversion process typically arise from polymerization.
• Some plastics decompose slightly on heating. In a few cases, such as polystyrene and nylon, the main reaction is depolymerization and the by product is monomer or oligomer. In the majority of cases the products are not those which would be obvious. No mechanical equipment yet exists which can be reliably used for odor or taste testing.
• animals can occasionally be used for special cases, they are not suitable for testing of plastics. Consequently, human groups must be used and the human panel members must give an indication of the nature of the off odor or off taste. Although not prima facie essential, it is desirable in selecting individuals for a panel that their sensory reactions are checked against an identifiied specific stimuli.
• a coating composition is applied over paper board and aluminum foil with #3 Meyer bar then cured, depending on the composition, with UV light (UV curable compositions) delivering from 120-500 mJ/cm2 of UV energy or cured under electron beam conditions of 3 Mrad with165 kV electrons.
• UV light UV curable compositions
• Coated and cured paper board and foil samples of equal dimensions are cut up and placed inside of a 1 liter glass jar with a tight "screw on” lid. The jars with samples are placed in oven at 60°C for 30 min. After this, several people (at least 5) open each jar and rate odor on a 1 to 5 scale where "1" is the lowest odor and "5" is fhe strongest odor. The average score for each sample is then reported. Residual odor can be related to amount of unreacted material or extractables.
• Extractable Components The level of extractables was determined using two methods: organoleptic odor test and analytical instrumental methods. It is generally accepted that the residual odor of a cured film can be correlated to residual unreacted material in a coating which migrates in the coating and typically is leachable. This unreacted material also can be extracted and quantified by analytical techniques. Odor is a subjective measurement, but is very important for consumer products where odors are objectionable or are indicative to physiological responses such as allergic reactions, dermatitis, etc.
• the eluent is analyzed using a photodiode array detector (PDA) monitoring at 205nm.
• the column is a Phenomenex® LUNA C* ⁇ 8 column, 4.6 mm X 250 mm 5 ⁇ particle size with a high pressure limit of 3400 psi.
• PDA photodiode array detector
• Example 1 80 parts of an aliphatic epoxy acrylate (Laromer LR8765 from BASF), 19.5 parts of water, and 0.5 parts of an acryiated silicone (Rad 2500 from Tego) were mixed together to produce a stable coating.
• This composition is applied by wound wire rod to a thickness of 3-6 microns and cured by EB radiation with 3 megarads (Mrads) of 165kV electrons.
• the resulting coating has a gloss >70 and complete cure as indicated by the solvent rub test described supra, i.e., more than 30 methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) double rubs.
• MEK methyl ethyl ketone
• Example 2 77 parts of an aliphatic epoxy acrylate (Laromer LR8765 from BASF), 19.5 parts of water, 3 parts of a photoinitiator (Irgacure 2959 from Ciba) (and 0.5 parts of an acryiated silicone (Rad 2500 from Tego) were mixed together to produce a stable coating.
• This composition is applied by wound wire rod to a thickness of 3- 6 microns and cured by UV radiation with at least 120 mJ/cm 2 .
• the resulting coating has a gloss >75 and complete cure as indicated by the solvent rub test described supra, i.e., more than 20 MEK double rubs.
• Example 3 30 parts of a highly ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (15 mole EO, SR9035 from Sartomer) and 47 parts of an aliphatic epoxy acrylate (Laromer LR8765 from BASF), 19.5 parts of water, and 0.5 parts of an acryiated silicone (Rad 2100 from Tego) were mixed together to produce a stable coating.
• This composition is applied by wound wire rod to a thickness of 3-6 microns and cured by EB radiation with 165kV and 3Mrads.
• the resulting coating has a gloss >70 and complete cure as indicated by the solvent rub test described supra, i.e., more than 18 MEK double rubs.
• Example 4 30 parts of an ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate (SR602 from Sartomer), 47 parts of an aliphatic epoxy acrylate (Laromer LR8765 from BASF), 19.5 parts of water, 3 parts of a photoinitiator (Irgacure 2959 from Ciba) (and 0.5 parts of an acryiated silicone (Rad 2500 from Tego) were mixed together to produce a stable coating.
• This composition is applied by wound wire rod to a thickness of 3-6 microns and cured by UV radiation with at least 120 mJ/cm 2 .
• the resulting coating has a gloss >82 and complete cure as indicated by the solvent rub test described supra, i.e., more than 40 MEK double rubs.
• Example 5 70 parts of a glycerol-based polyether acrylate (Laromer 8982 from BASF), 10 parts of an epoxy acrylate (91-275 from Reichhold), 15 parts of water, 3 parts of a photoinitiator (Irgacure 2959 from Ciba) (and 2 parts of a silicone (L-7602 from Witco) were mixed together to produce a stable coating.
• This composition is applied by wound wire rod to a thickness of 3-6 microns and cured by UV radiation with at least 120 mJ/cm 2 .
• the resulting coating has a gloss >90 and complete cure as indicated by the solvent rub test described supra, i.e., more than 15 MEK double rubs.
• Example 6 This example demonstrates a red printing ink formulated according to this invention.
• 40 parts of a red colorant aqueous dispersion (Sunsperse RHD6012 from Sun Chemical Pigments Division), 50 parts of an aliphatic epoxy acrylate (Laromer LR8765 from BASF), 5 parts of water, ⁇ parts of a photoinitiator
• Example 7 This example demonstrates a blue printing ink formulated according to this invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
• Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
• Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-04-03 WO PCT/US2001/010861 patent/WO2002081577A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2001-04-03 DE DE60135030T patent/DE60135030D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-04-03 AT AT01274104T patent/ATE402228T1/de active
  • 2001-04-03 EP EP01274104A patent/EP1392780B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-04-03 ES ES01274104T patent/ES2307569T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-04-03 DK DK01274104T patent/DK1392780T3/da active
  • 2001-04-03 PT PT01274104T patent/PT1392780E/pt unknown
  • 2001-11-02 JP JP2001338174A patent/JP2003147001A/ja not_active Withdrawn

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