WO2002064207A1

WO2002064207A1 - Screening cover

Info

Publication number: WO2002064207A1
Application number: PCT/EP2002/001452
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans-Christian Sanders
Original assignee: Gebr. Sanders Gmbh & Co.
Priority date: 2001-02-14
Filing date: 2002-02-12
Publication date: 2002-08-22
Also published as: DE20102560U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a screening cover against beams, electromagnetic and otherwise, especially for sitting or lying areas. At least one screening layer containing electroconductive material is combined with a covering layer consisting of non-conductive textile material. The inventive screening cover is embodied in such a way - especially in terms of suitability for household use, and especially in human sitting or lying areas - that the screening layer consists of at least one textile layer of predominantly finely and thickly distributed metallised or electroconductive fibre material, said layer being surrounded by at least two covering layers consisting of a dust-tight fabric.

Description

Abschirmdecke

The invention relates to a shielding cover against electromagnetic and other radiation according to the preamble of claim 1.

Shielding against electromagnetic radiation is prescribed in various areas, in particular work areas. In the immediate vicinity of transmitter systems and radar systems in particular, there are limits due to regulations that require radiation protection if they are exceeded. In addition, with the increase in electronic equipment, there is concern about "electrosmog", particularly with regard to wireless telephones and signal transmitters for home furnishings, televisions and the like, but also with regard to microwave devices or surveillance devices, which, however, raise the question of clothing shielding options also arise at seating or lying areas. After all, there are ideas about other fields and earth rays coming from the area of dowsing, which are obviously hardly physically understood technically.

In view of these aspects, attempts have been made for a long time to offer radiation protection, which, however, must then also be practical. Complete radiation protection, for example in the sense of a "Faraday cage", proves to be cumbersome on a regular basis, especially since the term "cage" should be understood more as a "capsule". Total shielding against electromagnetic radiation is achieved primarily through solid, closed housings made of highly conductive material. From DE-OS 32 32 224 a shielding foil for extensive shielding against electrical fields, preferably from lying and workplaces for people and animals, is known, which is designed as a metal foil or metallized plastic film and for the passage of air and steam, for example as a shielding film in the bed area, should have holes. In any case, such a film forms an uncomfortable rigid surface and the permeability for air and water vapor can only be insufficiently ensured even with a perforation. In particular, however, hole sizes of a few millimeters, as are provided there, are not suitable for intercepting higher-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Such a shielding film is of little use in practice and its effect is very limited.

DE-OS 28 47 486 proposes metallized textile fabrics with an extremely small mesh size as radiation protection against microwaves. The metallized fabrics and textile structures provided there, however, appear to be usable only in device-related implementations. With the grid of intersections, they offer "abrasion points" with a correspondingly high level of abrasion, which is usually not acceptable when close to the body. Likewise, the risk of contamination of such fabrics is itself disadvantageous.

In this form, shielding elements are not yet suitable for everyday use in the area close to the body.

The object of the invention is to provide a shielding blanket which is suitable for daily use, particularly in the sitting or lying area, and which can be designed to be sufficiently soft and resilient and, with long-term usability, keeps pollution of the environment low, as well as itself is less susceptible to pollution, but forms good radiation protection.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with the features of claim 1. It is important that the shielding layer itself is covered and enclosed so that it does not come into direct contact with the user. The shielding layer is encapsulated against dust and abrasion. On the other hand, the user is also protected against any allergenic components of the shielding layer. In particular, however, it is important that the cover layers offer protection of the shielding layer against strong deformations and movements by slidingly covering and also cushioning the shielding layer. This prevents unnecessary flexing work from the shielding layer and maintains the function of the shielding layer with its conductivity and shielding attenuation.

At the same time, the cover layers are suitable for intercepting dirt, be it due to dust or moisture, so that cleaning is ultimately only a matter of cleaning the outer layers. On the other hand, with known and tried-and-tested materials, cover layers that can be made relatively dustproof are able to hold and enclose metal dusts or carbon dusts inside the shielding ceiling.

For the shielding layer, a certain degree of flexibility of the fiber material is important, but this may have to be weighed against unfavorable internal mobility of the fibers, due to which the (conductive) fiber material or a metallization covering the surfaces easily changes into abrasion. Thin and flexible fabrics such as inlets or parachute fabrics are highly flexible, close to down as well as dust or metal dust, nevertheless permeable to air and steam. Knitted fabrics are particularly suitable because of the greater elasticity within the surface. Nonwovens are inherently very flexible and easy to fit, but are not very dense for the desired shielding even with unconnected fibers. A particularly interesting form of the nonwovens are, however, spunbond nonwovens with at least largely interconnected fibers, which due to their tangled position can also be stretched to a limited extent, but offer little displacement and friction to one another due to the interconnections of the fibers.

In any case, fiber material is suitable for ensuring convective permeability and - unlike foils - exchanging air and steam close to the body. In the case of metallized fibers, plastic fibers such as polyamide, polyester or aramid are particularly suitable, which can be enclosed by a predetermined thin metal layer using means that have now been tried and tested. In principle, however, the fibers as a whole can also be formed from a conductive material, for example from a metal in a very fine wire form, or from carbon fibers. With metals, especially well-conductive and resistant materials such as aluminum, silver, copper, brass or gold come into consideration. Combinations such as silver-plated or gold-plated metal threads can also be used advantageously.

Such a blanket is of course also suitable for wall or tent cladding or also for use in clothing textiles, for example in radiation protection clothing, and in addition to shielding against electromagnetic waves including light waves, such as infrared light, thermal insulation can also be achieved. Such radiation protection ceilings are particularly suitable in the seating area of people and especially in the lying area. Such a shielding blanket can provide a very effective shielding as a mattress pad or overlay, which does not impair lying comfort either with regard to the support on the mattress or with regard to heat and moisture regulation. A duvet designed according to this principle can provide all-round protection for the bed area, especially in addition to a mattress topper. In the same way, blankets in this form can offer multi-sided body protection.

The shielding layer is preferably designed so that it maintains a uniform electrical potential, so that all parts of the shielding layer are at least indirectly connected to one another, even if this is much less important for high-frequency radiation than for low-frequency radiation or static potential fields. To shield against high-frequency radiation, it can be of advantage to use carbon fiber material with better absorption and less reflection instead of or in addition to metallic or metallized material. For static and low-frequency shielding, the shielding ceiling can be connected to an earth cable or an earth wire at several points - with continuous connections within the entire shielding mat at least at one point. A combination of fibers made of carbon and fibers made of metal or with a metal coating can also be advantageous. In particular, the absorption and reflection effects can be coordinated with one another by means of several layers of different material. For example, an outdoor ing reflection layer and an internal, that is to say human-facing, absorption layer can be combined, the reflection layer consisting of a fiber material with (portions of) metallized or metallic fibers and for the absorption layer, for example carbon fiber material. Open-pore foams with embedded carbon particles are also suitable for the absorption layer.

Various exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1 is a sectional top view of a shielding blanket

Fig. 2 shows another shielding blanket with area-wise stitching

Fig. 3 is a shielding blanket with continuous stitching

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a quilted shielding blanket

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of another quilted shielding blanket

Fig. 6 section through a web shielding blanket and

Fig. 7 section through another web shielding ceiling.

Fig. 8 section through a shielding blanket with inserted duvet

A shielding blanket, denoted overall by 1 in FIG. 1, consists of three layers which are visible overall by layer-by-section cuts. An upper cover layer 2 and a lower cover layer 3 enclose a shielding layer 4 as an upper plate or lower plate, the cover layers 2 and 3 having rounded corners and connected to one another and to the shielding layer 4 at a continuously peripheral edge 5 by a binding tape are. Alternatively, the shielding layer could also be inserted loosely or releasably so that the cover layers can be washed separately.

The shielding layer 4 consists in the present case of a spunbond nonwoven made of polyester, which during spinning, that is to say during fiber production, already has links between adjacent fibers in the random position, which on the one hand bring about a certain stiffening and strengthening within the surface, but on the other hand also very strong relative movements Prevent chafing and abrasion between the fibers. The polyester fleece has a weight of approximately 40 g / m ² and was then coated with a fiber coating with aluminum, so that the individual fibers are given a metal sheathing with the aid of which the entire fleece is like a layer of fine-fiber conductive material behaves. The aluminum coating itself increases the weight of the fleece by 1 to 5 g / m ² . The electrical surface resistance of the fleece is then <0.5 ohm.

An aluminum coating is favorable because of the formation of a thin surface oxide layer and the very good electrical properties. It goes without saying that instead of aluminum, other coatings, in particular metal coatings with silver, gold or copper, are also possible. These chemical materials, which are classed as precious or semi-precious metals, have good electrical conductivity and have an antiseptic effect even when in use.

It is important for a shielding that the fiber distances are small, which lead to small "meshes" and thus intercept electromagnetic radiation up to relatively high frequencies. At the same time, it is of interest that such a fleece but remains permeable to air and steam, so that no undesired barriers are created during use. A spunbonded nonwoven of the type under consideration here has proven to be extremely inexpensive.

Nevertheless, it cannot be avoided if such a fleece is to be arranged close to the body on a mattress or with a slightly greater distance under a bed mattress, that it is exposed to body pressure and body movements and also suffers abrasion during its deformations. This is intercepted dust-tight by the covering formed with the cover layers 2 and 3, so that practically nothing of this passes into the room and in particular not to the body. The top layers are also to be designed to be permeable to air and steam on a regular basis and, particularly when used close to the body, are pleasant for the skin to select. In this respect, ticking fabrics, in particular tightly woven fabrics with predominantly natural fibers, in particular cotton fabrics with a firm weave, such as plain weave with a weight of, for example, 113 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.15 mm, have proven successful. In the present case, a pure cotton liner is provided, with a density of around 30 Fd / cm for warp and weft.

Such a fabric not only provides the desired tightness, but also the strength that is desired for a cover and thus for protection of the shielding layer. Such a tightly woven cover layer absorbs the shear and tensile stresses that occur during use and can also shift relative to the shielding layer, if necessary, so that only the less critical movements perpendicular to the shielding ceiling act as a load on the shielding layer. As shown in FIG. 2 for a shielding blanket 6 in a view from above, the shielding layer and the cover layers are not only connected to one another at the edge by a edging tape 7, but also by inner quilting sections 8, with a structure that corresponds to that of FIG -Shifts of the layers to a greater extent are prevented. In particular, this also avoids the formation of wrinkles, which can lead to peak loads in relation to the shielding position.

Another shielding blanket 9 according to FIG. 3 has a continuous topstitching, each with a plurality of cross-stitching seams 10 and 11, respectively.

4 shows a shielding blanket 12 in a partial area in a sectional view, which is to be provided as a bedspread. This coverlet has a shielding layer 13 which is arranged directly between an ticking cover layer 14 and a filling 15. The underside of the shielding cover is in turn formed by a cover layer 16. The shielding blanket is divided into strips or pillows by quilting seams 17.

The filling 15 can consist of any suitable material, for which there are conventionally down, feathers, synthetic fiber fillings, wadding and bulk nonwovens and also mixtures of these. This shielding blanket can thus be seen modified from a conventional bedspread, in that a shielding layer is provided on the one hand underneath an inlay plate. A modification of the shielding blanket 12 in FIG. 4 can be seen in a shielding blanket 18 in FIG. 5, in which an upper cover layer 19 consists of an inlay plate which is directly and firmly connected to a shielding layer to form a double-layer unit. The shielding layer, which is no longer specifically shown here, can, like the shielding layer 13 according to the embodiment. Fig. 4 may be formed. With duvets, however, more flexibility in the shielding layer is usually desired. In this respect, fiber materials as loose non-woven fabrics with fibers that are not or only slightly interconnected, and in particular knitted fabrics or highly flexible fabrics, are preferred over spun-fiber non-woven fabrics that are consolidated by internal fiber connections. In the case of knitted fabrics and loose nonwovens, metallization made of materials with good electrical surface conductivity, such as silver or copper, is preferable to aluminum, which tends to oxidize.

6 and 7, embodiments for web top beds are shown in a schematic sectional view. FIG. 6 shows a shielding ceiling 20 with outer-side inlay plates as a top layer 21 (top) or 22 (bottom), which are not quilted directly with one another, but are connected to one another at a distance by webs 23. The spaces created thereby have a filling 24 of a conventional type. Here, the upper cover layer 21 is underlaid with a shielding layer 25 and sewn together with the webs 23, so that the resulting webbed, similar to the quilted bed according to FIG. 4, bears the shielding on one side.

In contrast, a web bed 26 according to FIG. 7 has a shielding layer 27 approximately in the middle between two cover layers 28 and 29 and is opposite to both With the help of bars 30, 31 and fillings 32, 33 spaced. The symmetrical construction of the bridge bed is particularly suitable for thicker bridge beds.

In FIG. 8, a shielding blanket, designated as a whole by 34, is referred to, which comprises an upper cover layer 35 and a lower cover layer 36 and a shielding layer 37 under the upper cover layer 35, as well as a loosely inserted complete bed cover 38, for example with a down filling. This coverlet 38 can be removed and reinserted via a side opening 39, which can be closed with a strip 40 and a Velcro fastener 41. Buttons or a zipper can take the place of the Velcro fastener 41, especially since a strip 40 which overlaps the top layer 35 already ensures that the opening 39 is closed. The particular advantage of this embodiment is that the washing or cleaning of the duvet 38 and the covering for these cover plates can be carried out separately with the shield in between. In addition, existing or otherwise commercially available duvets are to be used as a "filling" and are also to be replaced according to personal or seasonal heat requirements.

The shielding layer 37 can be formed in one layer, for example in the form of a metallized fiber fleece, but it can also be formed in a multi-layered manner. This is of particular interest if different shielding properties are sought, for example if different frequency ranges are to be shielded from electromagnetic radiation with different mesh sizes. Likewise, several layers are of interest if, for example, the reflection behavior of metallic or metallized fibers it is to be supplemented by an absorption behavior of additional layers which destroy the energy of incident, in particular also reflected radiation.

The shielding blankets considered above, in particular with regard to a duvet function, are in principle also suitable for shielding the lying or sitting body, for example, from below. Shielding blankets of this type can generally be applied to mattresses or - expediently in a non-padded form - placed or stretched under mattresses. A shielding blanket 1 according to FIG. 1 or also a shielding blanket 34 according to FIG. 8 without an embedded bedspread 38 is suitable for this. When used in the support area of the body on or under mattresses, a fixation of the usual type with respect to the mattress or slatted frame is preferably provided, be it with elastic straps, straps or with fixation by corner pockets or Velcro fasteners, with non-slip surface coverings at least on one side of the Shielding blanket are advantageous. Such tensioning or adhesive means secure the position of the shielding cover and thus the desired full-surface shielding and counteract wear due to slipping, especially if a bed frame is easily and often adjusted by motor.

Claims

Expectations

1. Shielding blanket (1, 6,9,12,20,26,34) against electromagnetic and other radiation, in particular for sitting or lying areas, with at least one shielding layer (4, 13, 25, 27, 37) containing electrically conductive material a cover layer (2, 3, 14, 16, 21, 22, 28, 29, 35, 36) made of non-conductive textile material, characterized in that the shielding layer (2, 13, 25, 27, 37) is in at least one Textile layer mainly consists of fine and densely distributed metallized or electrically conductive fiber material, which is enclosed between at least two cover layers (2,3,14,16,21, 22,28,29,35,36) made of a dustproof cloth.

2. Shielding blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover layers (2,3,14,16,21, 22,28,29,35,36) consist of a ticking material.

3. Shielding blanket according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover layers (14, 16, 21, 22, 28, 29) are connected to one another by stitching (8, 10, 17) or webs (23, 30, 31).

4. Shielding blanket according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it has a shielding layer made of metallized spun fiber material as a mattress topper or underlay.

5. Shielding blanket according to claim 4, characterized in that the spun fiber material forms a non-woven bonded by connecting the fibers.

6. Shielding blanket according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by tensioning or adhesive for fixing on or under the mattress.

7. Shielding blanket according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shielding layer has a knitted fabric made of predominantly metallized or electrically conductive threads.

8. shielding blanket according to claim 7, characterized in that the shielding layer in addition to a filling (15,24,32,33,38), in particular a fiber, hair or down filling, is incorporated into a duvet, bedspread or mattress pad.

9. shielding blanket (34) according to claim 8, characterized in that the filling is designed as an independent bed or sleeping blanket (38) which is to be removed and introduced through at least one closable opening (39) of the shielding blanket.

10. shielding blanket (34) according to claim 9, characterized in that the opening (39) is covered with at least one cover strip (40).

11. Shielding blanket according to claim 7, characterized in that the shielding layer is connected to an earth line.

12. Shielding blanket according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by at least one further shielding layer with different shielding properties.

13. Shielding blanket according to claim 12, characterized in that a first shielding layer comprises metallized fiber material and a second shielding layer made of carbon fibers or carbonaceous material.

14. Shielding blanket according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the shielding layer forms a layer of a down, feather or fiber-filled bedspread.

15. Shielding blanket according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the shielding layer is incorporated as an insert in clothing parts.