WO2002055433A2 - Verfahren zum betrieb einer reformeranlage mit einer kaltstartreinigung und reformeranlage mit einer kaltstartreinigung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betrieb einer reformeranlage mit einer kaltstartreinigung und reformeranlage mit einer kaltstartreinigung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002055433A2 WO2002055433A2 PCT/EP2002/000209 EP0200209W WO02055433A2 WO 2002055433 A2 WO2002055433 A2 WO 2002055433A2 EP 0200209 W EP0200209 W EP 0200209W WO 02055433 A2 WO02055433 A2 WO 02055433A2
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- Prior art keywords
- product stream
- reformer system
- fuel cell
- reformer
- concentration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
- C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
- C01B3/583—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction the reaction being the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/002—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects, e.g. avoiding explosions, or improving the yield by suppressing side-reactions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
- B01J19/2485—Monolithic reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00398—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements inside the reactor bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00132—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2219/00135—Electric resistance heaters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00186—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the composition of the reactive mixture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
- B01J2219/00195—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system
- B01J2219/00202—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system at the reactor outlet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00211—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value
- B01J2219/00213—Fixed parameter value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00222—Control algorithm taking actions
- B01J2219/00227—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions
- B01J2219/00229—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions of the reaction system
- B01J2219/00236—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions of the reaction system at the reactor outlet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
- B01J2219/00268—Detecting faulty operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
- C01B2203/044—Selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1604—Starting up the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1614—Controlling the temperature
- C01B2203/1619—Measuring the temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1642—Controlling the product
- C01B2203/1647—Controlling the amount of the product
- C01B2203/1652—Measuring the amount of product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1642—Controlling the product
- C01B2203/1647—Controlling the amount of the product
- C01B2203/1652—Measuring the amount of product
- C01B2203/1661—Measuring the amount of product the product being carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1642—Controlling the product
- C01B2203/1671—Controlling the composition of the product
- C01B2203/168—Adjusting the composition of the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1685—Control based on demand of downstream process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/169—Controlling the feed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a reformer system for providing a hydrogen-enriched product stream, and a reformer system.
- a reformer system as a higher-level system has at least one reformer, gas lines, possibly a gas purification or a control system, etc.
- by-products can arise which either impair or even destroy the mode of operation of the fuel cell as such. This is particularly the case if the reformer has not yet reached its operating temperature.
- high power changes occur or a reformer has to be put into operation quickly, e.g. B. when starting an automobile, there is a risk that the hydrogen is not generated with sufficient purity shortly after the start of the reformer.
- the product stream is supplied to the at least one fuel cell or is discarded depending on the pollutant concentration therein. This ensures that pollutants that can impair or even destroy the functioning of the fuel cells are kept away from the fuel cell.
- the discarded product stream can advantageously be used further, for example directly as a heating medium or also for operating a burner for heating up further components, the possible uses not being restricted to this are. It is also possible to release the discarded product stream to the environment.
- the product stream is fed to the fuel cell when the pollutant concentration is low and is discharged to the environment when the product stream has a high pollutant concentration.
- This is to be understood as low in relation to the type of fuel cell used, since different purity requirements are required depending on the type. In most cases, the lower the operating temperature of the fuel cell, the higher the required fuel purity. Possible pollutants are H 2 S, CO, CO 2 , NH 3 , COS and others. For example, a low CO concentration of ⁇ 100 ppm, if possible even ⁇ 10 ppm, is required especially for PEM fuel cells.
- the product stream generated within a period of 30 to 300 s after the start of commissioning of the reformer system is released to the environment. This is a particularly simple method of protecting the fuel cell from the resulting pollutants when starting up. However, U. more hydrogen may be released to the environment than required.
- At least one parameter is determined which is proportional to one or more pollutant concentrations in a product stream.
- the product stream is fed to a fuel cell or discarded.
- the parameter can be determined with the help of a probe, which measures the pollutant concentration directly.
- the Parameter indirectly from other reformer sizes such as B. the fuel mass flow, the temperature at one or more points, the amperages, among other things.
- the advantage of this configuration is that, depending on the special parameters, the product stream is diverted at the right time, so that unnecessarily much hydrogen is not released into the environment.
- the tolerance field can be adapted to the requirements of the fuel cell used, in particular it is possible to let the width of the tolerance field go to zero, so that there is a limit value, below or below which the product flow is fed to the fuel cell or discarded.
- the CO concentration is measured as the pollutant concentration.
- Carbon monoxide is a strong oxidizing agent and its presence in the fuel cell is a major impairment of the catalytic reaction.
- the pollutant concentration or a parameter proportional to this, in particular the CO concentration, in the product stream is determined by means of at least one sensor. This allows the direct determination of the pollutant concentration, but also the indirect determination of the pollutant concentration in the product gas from other sizes.
- a process control is particularly preferred in which the pollutant concentration or a parameter proportional to this, in particular the CO concentration, in the product stream are determined from the starting materials and the operating parameters of the reformer system.
- the product stream is subjected to cleaning before it is discharged to the environment. This prevents pollutants from being discharged directly into the environment.
- the CO concentration in the product stream is reduced by oxidation with the addition of O 2 . The oxidation with O 2 converts the carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide.
- the product stream is at least partially fed to a catalytic reactor, in particular an electrically heatable catalytic reactor.
- a catalytic reactor in particular an electrically heatable catalytic reactor.
- Electrical ignition quickly reaches the ignition temperature of the catalytic reaction and minimizes the emission of pollutants to the environment.
- the reformer system according to the invention for providing a hydrogen-containing product stream, in particular during a start phase of energy generation with a fuel cell has at least one reformer reactor for the catalytic generation of a hydrogen-containing product stream, a feed line and a line which can be connected to the fuel cell, at least one means for determination a parameter proportional to the pollutant concentration in the product stream, and at least one means arranged in the line, by means of which the product stream is fed or discarded in dependence on the pollutant concentration in the fuel cell during a starting phase of the reformer plant.
- the reformer reactor is the part of the reformer plant where a catalytic reaction for the conversion of hydrocarbons takes place.
- the at least one means for determining at least one parameter can be at least one sensor.
- the parameter characterizes the pollutant concentration in the product stream.
- the pollutant concentration can be measured directly, but it is also possible to determine it indirectly by determining it from other parameters. For example, it is possible to determine the pollutant concentration from the temperature in the reformer reactor and the mass flows of the starting materials.
- the means by which the product stream is fed to the fuel cell or discarded is connected to a discharge line in which at least one cleaning system for cleaning the discarded product stream is arranged. This advantageously reduces the release of pollutants into the environment.
- the use of an electrically heatable catalytic reactor as a cleaning system is particularly advantageous.
- a control unit which is connected via a signal line to the means for determining a parameter and via a signal line to the means by which the product stream of the fuel cell is supplied or discarded during a start phase of the reformer system ,
- This control unit enables central control of the reformer system, depending on the value of the specific parameter.
- the connection of the control unit with the means for determining a parameter and with the means by which the product stream is fed to or discarded in the fuel cell allows the control of the guidance of the product stream according to the invention in a simple manner.
- the control unit has at least one comparator, by means of which it is checked whether the at least one parameter lies within a predetermined tolerance range.
- the tolerance field is specified, for example, on the basis of the requirements of the fuel cell used, and it is also possible to take into account requirements set by the user. In addition, it is possible to let the width of the tolerance field go to zero, that is, to specify a limit value, if the value is below or exceeded, the product flow is either fed to the fuel cell or else discarded.
- the means for determining a parameter comprises an arithmetic unit. This can be used from other sizes such. B. the temperature or the fuel mass flow, pollutant concentrations in the product flow can be determined.
- the means with which the product stream is either fed to the fuel cell or discarded comprises a valve.
- a flap with which the connection between the reformer reactor and the fuel cell is closed and the product stream discarded, in particular fed to the environment.
- the means by which the product stream is fed or discarded to the fuel cell has an actuating device connected to the control device.
- This enables the control unit to actuate the valve or the flap.
- the actuation unit is, for example, an electrical, electromagnetic or pneumatic actuation unit that is controlled by the control unit.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a first embodiment
- FIG. 1 shows a reformer system 1 according to the invention with a reformer reactor 4, to which hydrocarbons are fed via a feed line 8 and in which a product stream 2 containing hydrogen is generated.
- the product stream 2 exits the reformer reactor 4 via a line 9.
- a means 5 for determining a characteristic variable is arranged in this line 9, which determines a characteristic variable that characterizes a pollutant concentration in the product stream 2 discarded.
- the discarding of the product stream 2 can include introducing the product stream 2 into the environment, but it is also possible to continue using the product stream 2, for example directly as a heating medium or to convert it into a burner in order to heat up other components.
- the cleaning system is a catalytic reactor, in particular a honeycomb body coated with a catalyst, which can be heated electrically and reduces the carbon monoxide concentration in product stream 2.
- the reformer system 1 is controlled by a control unit 11. This is connected via a signal line 12 to the means 5 for determining a parameter and via a further signal line 13 to the means 6, with which the product stream is either fed to the fuel cell 3 or via the discharge line 10 is discarded.
- the parameter transmitted to the control unit 11 via the signal line 12 is processed. In the case of an indirect determination of the pollutant concentration, the pollutant concentration can be calculated from it. Then the characteristic variable is compared with a predetermined tolerance field via a comparator (not shown) present in the control unit. Depending on the result of this comparison, the means 6 is then activated via the signal line 13 and either the product stream 2 into the Fuel cell 3 initiated or the product stream 2 passed into the discharge line 10 and discarded.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment of a reformer system 1.
- the reformer reactor 4 is fed with hydrocarbons via a feed line 8.
- a product stream 2 leaves the reformer reactor 4 via a line 9 which leads to a cleaning system 7.
- a cleaning system 7 In this, for example, a selective oxidation of the CO to CO 2 takes place .
- a characteristic variable is determined by means 5, which is proportional to at least one pollutant concentration, preferably a CO concentration, in the product stream 2.
- a parameter which is proportional to the pollutant concentration is determined again in the product stream 2 by a second means 14.
- either the product stream 2 is led to the fuel cell 3 via the means 6 or is discarded via the discharge line 10.
- control of the reformer system 1 takes place in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment by a control unit 11 (not shown) and corresponding signal lines 12, 13.
- the invention describes a method for operating a reformer system 1 during a starting phase and a reformer system 1, with which a hydrogen-containing product stream 2 is provided with sufficient freedom from pollutants, the pollutants that can destroy a fuel cell 3 in a simple and inexpensive manner be kept away from the fuel cell 3.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10290058T DE10290058D2 (de) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-11 | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Reformeranlage mit einer Kaltstartreinigung und Reformeranlage mit einer Kaltstartreinigung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10101097A DE10101097A1 (de) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-01-12 | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Reformanlage mit einer Kaltstartreinigung und Reformeranlage mit einer Kaltstartreinigung |
DE10101097.4 | 2001-01-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002055433A2 true WO2002055433A2 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
WO2002055433A3 WO2002055433A3 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2002/000209 WO2002055433A2 (de) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-11 | Verfahren zum betrieb einer reformeranlage mit einer kaltstartreinigung und reformeranlage mit einer kaltstartreinigung |
Country Status (2)
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DE (2) | DE10101097A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002055433A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2841384A1 (fr) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-26 | Renault Sa | Procede de demarrage de pile a combustible, et vehicule ainsi equipe |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2000066487A1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2000-11-09 | Nuvera Fuel Cells | Autothermal reforming system with integrated shift beds, preferential oxidation reactor, auxiliary reactor, and system controls |
WO2000074164A1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-07 | Plug Power Inc. | Fuel cell system for generating electric energy and heat |
DE10010071A1 (de) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-13 | Xcellsis Gmbh | Gaserzeugungsvorrichtung |
US20010028968A1 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-10-11 | Uwe Griesmeier | Fuel cell system and method of operating same |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19707814C1 (de) * | 1997-02-27 | 1998-08-20 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Brennstoffzellen-Energieerzeugungsanlage |
DE19754013C2 (de) * | 1997-12-05 | 2000-10-26 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Wasserdampfreformierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs |
-
2001
- 2001-01-12 DE DE10101097A patent/DE10101097A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-01-11 WO PCT/EP2002/000209 patent/WO2002055433A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-11 DE DE10290058T patent/DE10290058D2/de not_active Ceased
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WO2000066487A1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2000-11-09 | Nuvera Fuel Cells | Autothermal reforming system with integrated shift beds, preferential oxidation reactor, auxiliary reactor, and system controls |
WO2000074164A1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-07 | Plug Power Inc. | Fuel cell system for generating electric energy and heat |
DE10010071A1 (de) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-13 | Xcellsis Gmbh | Gaserzeugungsvorrichtung |
US20010028968A1 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-10-11 | Uwe Griesmeier | Fuel cell system and method of operating same |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2841384A1 (fr) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-26 | Renault Sa | Procede de demarrage de pile a combustible, et vehicule ainsi equipe |
WO2004001887A2 (fr) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-31 | Renault S.A.S. | Procede de demarrage de pile a combustible, systeme de pile a combustible, et vehicule ainsi equipe |
WO2004001887A3 (fr) * | 2002-06-24 | 2005-02-03 | Renault Sa | Procede de demarrage de pile a combustible, systeme de pile a combustible, et vehicule ainsi equipe |
US7563523B2 (en) | 2002-06-24 | 2009-07-21 | Renault S.A.S. | Fuel cell start-up method, fuel cell system and vehicle equipped with same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10101097A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
WO2002055433A3 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
DE10290058D2 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
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