WO2002049423A1 - Utilizacion conjunta del gen de la insulina y del gen de la glucoquinasa en el desarrollo de aproximaciones terapeuticas para la diabetes mellitus - Google Patents
Utilizacion conjunta del gen de la insulina y del gen de la glucoquinasa en el desarrollo de aproximaciones terapeuticas para la diabetes mellitus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002049423A1 WO2002049423A1 PCT/ES2001/000493 ES0100493W WO0249423A1 WO 2002049423 A1 WO2002049423 A1 WO 2002049423A1 ES 0100493 W ES0100493 W ES 0100493W WO 0249423 A1 WO0249423 A1 WO 0249423A1
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- Prior art keywords
- insulin
- vector
- expression
- gene
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N2830/00—Vector systems having a special element relevant for transcription
- C12N2830/008—Vector systems having a special element relevant for transcription cell type or tissue specific enhancer/promoter combination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transgenic double animal that simultaneously expresses the gene or cDNA (complementary DNA) of insulin and the gene or cDNA (complementary DNA) of glucokinase directed by a promoter or fusion of promoters that allow to express insulin and glucokinase in muscle and its use in the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus.
- Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease. It comprises a wide variety of syndromes with different etiologies that collectively affect 2 to 7% of the world's population. From 5 to 10% of patients can be grouped in the category of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes, which usually manifests before age 40, often during adolescence, and is the result of Autoimmune destruction of the ⁇ cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
- type 2 diabetes or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus which manifests itself in adult individuals, and which, at least in the early stages, is not characterized by an insulin deficiency but by the inability of the hormone to act efficiently in target tissues such as muscle, liver or adipose tissue [The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (1997). Diabetes Care 20, 1183-1197; McGarry, JD (1992). Science 258, 766-770; De Fronzo, RA (1997). Diab. Rev. 5, 177-269].
- the incidence of type 2 diabetes in our country is around 10% of the population over 30 years old, although many patients are not detected until very advanced stages of the disease. Approximately 45% of men and 70% of women with type 2 diabetes are obese.
- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is the result of autoimmune destruction of pancreatic ⁇ cells, leading to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia and the development of microvascular, macrovascular complications. and neurological
- Type 1 diabetes patients depend dramatically on the administration of the hormone.
- the interruption or lack of insulin treatment leads, first, to hyperglycemia, then to coma and finally to death of the patient if the hormone is not injected.
- insulin therapy allows most patients to lead an active life, this substitution is imperfect and greatly affects their lifestyle.
- Intensive insulin therapy can delay and slow the onset and progression of microvascular complications.
- this kind of treatment cannot be carried out in all diabetic patients, being inadvisable in both children and the elderly.
- patients under this intensive insulin treatment have a high risk of hypoglycemia.
- diabetes mellitus is currently the leading cause of blindness in adults and responsible for a third of cases of chronic renal failure.
- Type 2 diabetes patients also have an increased risk of development of premature atherosclerosis and an increase in mortality due to myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease [Pickup JC and Williams, G. (1994). Chronic Complications of Diabetes, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK].
- the trial conducted by the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial has shown that intensive insulin therapy (three or more daily injections) can delay the onset and progression of retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes [ The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group (1993). N. Engl. J. Med. 329, 977-986; American Diabetes Association (1993). Diabetes 42, 1555-1558].
- An improvement in glycemic control could also reduce microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients.
- the use of this therapy in these patients could exacerbate macrovascular complications, which are the main cause of mortality in this disease.
- Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are associated with an increased risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, which suggests the possibility of insulin alone have atherogenic actions.
- this type of treatment cannot be performed in all type 1 diabetes patients, especially in the very young and the elderly.
- patients under intensive insulin therapy have a very high risk of developing hypoglycemia.
- most patients are treated with subcutaneous injections of recombinant human insulin preparations that attempt to mimic the physiological profiles of the hormone (low baseline levels to which postpandial peaks of insulin secretion overlap).
- the insulin administered in solution is rapidly absorbed, and is fast acting, while suspensions of insulin particles of different sizes provide long and intermediate action.
- the approach of the present invention is based on genetically manipulating muscle cells so that they simultaneously produce a type of proinsulin that can be completely processed by the endoproteases present in the pathway of constitutive secretion present in the muscle, in order to obtain biologically human insulin.
- active, and glucose phosphorylating enzyme glucokinase that allows an increase in glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, which leads to a decrease in diabetic hyperglycemia.
- the present invention relates to a non-human transgenic animal that simultaneously expresses the gene or cDNA of insulin or derivatives and the glucokinase gene or cDNA directed by a promoter or fusion of promoters that allows the expression of these genes in cells. muscle during the diabetic process.
- the present invention also relates to an expression vector or vectors that allows to express together the chimeric genes described above in muscle cells.
- Such vectors may be a plasmid, a viral vector or a non-viral vector.
- a viral vector When it is a viral vector, it can be a retroviric vector, an adenoviric vector, an adeno-associated viral vector, a Sindbis viral vector, lentiviral vector, or a vector derived from herpes virus.
- the animals of the present invention express the chimeric gene that contains the mutated human insulin cDNA (Ins *) under the control of the myosin light chain promoter (MLC) and the rat glucokinase cDNA under the control of the same promoter MLC
- MLC myosin light chain promoter
- the MLC promoter confers constitutive expression in skeletal muscle and in myotubes in culture [Donoghue et al. (1988) Genes Dev. 2, 1779-1790; Rosenthal et al. (1989) Proc. Na you. ⁇ cad. Sci. USA 86, 7780-7784].
- the human insulin cDNA was obtained by digestion of plasmid pP2.4Insm [Gros et al. (1997) Hum. Gene Ther.
- a muscle cell that expresses at the same time the chimeric genes described in the invention. Said chimeric genes have been introduced into said cell by the described vector, for use in the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus.
- Another objective of the present invention is a device containing the muscle cells described above, which are packaged.
- the object of the present invention is the joint use of the chimeric genes described above for the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus, as well as the use of the expression vector or vectors of the invention for use in the development of therapeutic approaches for the Mellitus diabetes.
- transgenic double animals of the present invention were obtained by crossing transgenic animals expressing a chimeric gene comprising the human insulin gene or cDNA (complementary DNA) directed by a promoter or fusion of promoters and transgenic animals expressing the gene. or cDNA (complementary DNA) of rat glucokinase directed by a promoter or fusion of promoters.
- said transgenic animal is a mouse.
- transgenic double mice were obtained that simultaneously expressed the chimeric gene MLC / Ins *, which contained the mutated human insulin cDNA (Ins * ) under the control of the myosin light chain (MLC) promoter, and the MLC / GK chimeric gene, which contained the rat glucokinase (GK) cDNA under the control of the same MLC promoter.
- MLC myosin light chain
- the expression of the chimeric genes was analyzed.
- the presence of insulin and glucokinase mRNA in skeletal muscle of double transgenic mice The results indicated that the double transgenic mice presented the two bands corresponding to the insulin and glucokinase mRNA and that the expression of both chimeric genes constitutively by the skeletal muscle was compatible with the normal survival of the animal.
- the double transgenic mice had blood glucose levels similar to those of the control mice.
- a glucose tolerance test was performed to study whether simultaneous expression of insulin and glucokinase in skeletal muscle could affect glucose metabolism in vivo.
- the double transgenic mice had lower glucose levels than the controls throughout the test, indicating that the joint expression of insulin and glucokinase increased glucose uptake.
- an insulin tolerance test and a glucose tolerance test were carried out in diabetic animals.
- the double transgenic mice showed a faster and more significant response with respect to the controls treated with Stz and similar to that of the untreated control mice, while in the second the transgenic double mice treated with Stz showed, throughout the test, glucose levels lower than those of controls treated with Stz, indicating that said double transgenic animals had a greater capacity for glucose uptake.
- the intramuscular concentration of glucose-6-phosphate, glycogen and lactate was also determined.
- the production of insulin and glucokinase by skeletal muscle after treatment with Stz in double transgenic mice favored greater use and greater storage of intramuscular glucose compared to diabetic control mice.
- mice showed a marked decrease in the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate and glycogen. In contrast, double transgenic mice showed normalization of these parameters.
- Example I Transgenic mouse expressing the mutated human insulin cDNA (Ins *) and the rat glucokinase cDNA in skeletal muscle.
- the transgenic mouse was obtained from the crossbreeding of transgenic mice expressing the chimeric gene containing the mutated human insulin cDNA (Ins *) under the control of the myosin light chain promoter (MLC) and of transgenic mice expressing the rat glucokinase cDNA under control of the same MLC promoter.
- MLC myosin light chain promoter
- transgenic double animals are those that present the two characteristic fragments.
- RNA samples (30 ⁇ g) were separated on a 1% agarose electrophoresis gel containing 2.2 M formaldehyde and transferred ⁇ Northern blot) to a membrane for hybridization, using as probes the mutated human insulin cDNA and the rat glucokinase cDNA, both obtained by EcoRI digestion.
- said probes were labeled with [ ⁇ -32p] dCTP by the oligopriming method according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- the activity of the probes was approximately 10 ° cpm / ⁇ g DNA.
- the transfer membranes were contacted with Kodak XAR-5 films. The presence of hybridization corresponding to insulin RNA and glucokinase RNA in RNA samples obtained from the skeletal muscles of transgenic double mice indicates the expression of the two chimeric genes in said tissue, not observing any of the two bands in the samples from the muscles of the control mice.
- the glucose tolerance test is one of the clinical tests used to diagnose insulin resistance. In order to determine if the constitutive expression of insulin and glucokinase at the muscular level could alter glucose metabolism in vivo, a glucose tolerance test was performed under fasting conditions in control and double transgenic mice 3 to 4 months of age. No differences were observed in the baseline blood glucose level of both groups. Throughout the test it was observed that the blood glucose levels of the double transgenic mice were lower than those of the control mouse group, indicating that the production of insulin and glucokinase by the skeletal muscle increased glucose uptake, improving This way the response against changes in glucose concentration. 1.4. Obtaining diabetic mice
- Glucose concentration was determined by Bayer's Glucometer Elite TM system.
- the hypoglycemic response to the administration of the hormone observed in the double transgenic mice was faster and more significant compared to that of the treated control mice and similar to that observed in the control mice not treated with Stz.
- the baseline glycemia of the double transgenic mice had already been reduced by 20%, while in the diabetic control mice no significant reduction in blood glucose values was observed until 30 minutes after the administration of the hormone, observing only a decrease of approximately 10% with respect to its baseline level.
- This effect was greater at 60 minutes, since the double transgenic mice presented a near 50% decrease (from 232 ⁇ 43 mg / dl to 99 ⁇ 21mg / dl) reaching normoglycemic values, while the control mice remained markedly hyperglycemic. , with a reduction of 20% (from 593 ⁇ 7 mg / dl to 521 + 28 mg / dl).
- a glucose tolerance test was performed under fasting conditions in control and double transgenic mice three months after the administration of Stz. 1 mg of glucose was injected per g of live weight.
- Insulin was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) with the commercial INSULIN-CT kit from CIS Biointernational, France.
- Insulin Glucose Triglyceride ( ⁇ U / ml) (mg / dl) s (mg / dl)
- lactate levels were determined by the lactate dehydrogenase method (Boehringer Mannheim). As can be seen in Table 2, the double transgenic mice treated with Stz had different metabolite values equal to or greater than those observed in the untreated control mice, while in the control mice treated with Stz the metabolite levels were altered, which indicates that the expression of insulin and glucokinase by skeletal muscle favor the restoration of metabolic pathways involved in the use and accumulation of glucose. Table 2. Determination of metabolites in skeletal muscle.
- Glucose-6- Lactate Glycogen phosphate (mg / g (mg / g tissue)
- Glucose-6- Glycogen phosphate (mg / g tissue) (nmol / g tissue)
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA002432506A CA2432506A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-19 | Joint utilization of the insulin gene and the glucokinase gene in the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus |
US10/451,091 US20040055023A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-19 | Joint utilization of the insulin gene and the glucokinase gene in the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus |
AU2002216125A AU2002216125A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-19 | Joint utilization of the insulin gene and the glucokinase gene in the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus |
EP01271144A EP1360898A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-19 | Joint utilization of the insulin gene and the glucokinase gene in the development of therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus |
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ES200003056A ES2170720B1 (es) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Utilizacion conjunta del gen de la insulina y del gen de la glucoquinasa en el desarrollo de aproximaciones terapeuticas para la diabetes mellitus. |
ESP200003056 | 2000-12-20 |
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EP (1) | EP1360898A1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2002216125A1 (es) |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010078842A1 (zh) * | 2009-01-07 | 2010-07-15 | Huang Haidong | 人葡萄糖激酶突变体编码基因、其编码的酶、重组载体及宿主、其药物组合物、应用以及预防和治疗疾病的方法 |
US8008332B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2011-08-30 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Substituted indazoles as glucokinase activators |
US8034822B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2011-10-11 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Glucokinase activators |
US8124617B2 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2012-02-28 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Imidazopyridine compounds |
US8163779B2 (en) | 2006-12-20 | 2012-04-24 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Glucokinase activators |
US8173645B2 (en) | 2007-03-21 | 2012-05-08 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Glucokinase activators |
US9309534B2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2016-04-12 | Universidad Autonoma De Barcelona | Gene therapy composition for use in diabetes treatment |
US10973931B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2021-04-13 | Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona | Adeno-associated viral vectors for the gene therapy of metabolic diseases |
US11033638B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2021-06-15 | Universität Autonoma De Barcelona | Single-vector gene construct comprising insulin and glucokinase genes |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2013117776A1 (es) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-15 | Fundación Pública Andaluza Progreso Y Salud | Enzimas glucocinasas con actividad aumentada y su uso en el tratamiento y/o prevención de la diabetes mellitus |
EP2692868A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-05 | Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona | Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors useful for transducing adipose tissue |
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WO1997017994A1 (es) * | 1995-11-16 | 1997-05-22 | Universidad Autonoma De Barcelona | Tratamiento de la diabetes con un gen de glucoquinasa |
WO2000031267A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-02 | The Autonomous University Of Barcelona | Insulin production by engineered muscle cells |
-
2000
- 2000-12-20 ES ES200003056A patent/ES2170720B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-19 CA CA002432506A patent/CA2432506A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-19 AU AU2002216125A patent/AU2002216125A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-19 EP EP01271144A patent/EP1360898A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-12-19 US US10/451,091 patent/US20040055023A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-19 WO PCT/ES2001/000493 patent/WO2002049423A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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US8124617B2 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2012-02-28 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Imidazopyridine compounds |
US8034822B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2011-10-11 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Glucokinase activators |
US8394843B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2013-03-12 | Takeda California, Inc. | Substituted isoindoles as glucokinase activators |
US8008332B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2011-08-30 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Substituted indazoles as glucokinase activators |
US8163779B2 (en) | 2006-12-20 | 2012-04-24 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Glucokinase activators |
US8173645B2 (en) | 2007-03-21 | 2012-05-08 | Takeda San Diego, Inc. | Glucokinase activators |
CN102272296B (zh) * | 2009-01-07 | 2012-10-24 | 黄海东 | 人葡萄糖激酶突变体编码基因、其编码的酶、重组载体及宿主、其药物组合物、应用以及预防和治疗疾病的方法 |
WO2010078842A1 (zh) * | 2009-01-07 | 2010-07-15 | Huang Haidong | 人葡萄糖激酶突变体编码基因、其编码的酶、重组载体及宿主、其药物组合物、应用以及预防和治疗疾病的方法 |
US9029142B2 (en) | 2009-01-07 | 2015-05-12 | Haidong Huang | Recombinant vectors and hosts comprising human glucokinase encoding gene |
AP3277A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2015-05-31 | Haidong Huang | Gene encoding human glucokinase mutant, enzyme encoded by the same, recombinant vectors and hosts, pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof, methods for treating and preventing diseases |
EA024878B1 (ru) * | 2009-01-07 | 2016-10-31 | Хайдун Хуан | Ген, кодирующий мутантную глюкокиназу человека, отличающуюся увеличенной стабильностью, и его применение для контроля глюкозы в крови или предупреждения и лечения нарушений углеводного обмена |
US9309534B2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2016-04-12 | Universidad Autonoma De Barcelona | Gene therapy composition for use in diabetes treatment |
US11001857B2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2021-05-11 | Universitat Autonoma De Barcelona | Gene therapy composition for use in diabetes treatment |
US10973931B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2021-04-13 | Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona | Adeno-associated viral vectors for the gene therapy of metabolic diseases |
US11033638B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2021-06-15 | Universität Autonoma De Barcelona | Single-vector gene construct comprising insulin and glucokinase genes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2432506A1 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
ES2170720A1 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
EP1360898A1 (en) | 2003-11-12 |
US20040055023A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
AU2002216125A1 (en) | 2002-07-01 |
ES2170720B1 (es) | 2003-12-16 |
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