WO2002030810A1 - Source d"hydrogene servant a faire fonctionner une pile a combustible et pile a combustible dotee de cette source - Google Patents

Source d"hydrogene servant a faire fonctionner une pile a combustible et pile a combustible dotee de cette source Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002030810A1
WO2002030810A1 PCT/EP2001/011770 EP0111770W WO0230810A1 WO 2002030810 A1 WO2002030810 A1 WO 2002030810A1 EP 0111770 W EP0111770 W EP 0111770W WO 0230810 A1 WO0230810 A1 WO 0230810A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
hydride
water
hydrogen source
hydrogen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/011770
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arthur Koschany
Original Assignee
Manhattan Scientifics, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manhattan Scientifics, Inc. filed Critical Manhattan Scientifics, Inc.
Priority to AU2002220616A priority Critical patent/AU2002220616A1/en
Publication of WO2002030810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002030810A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • Hydrogen source for operating a fuel cell, and fuel cell equipped with it
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for producing gaseous hydrogen for use as fuel in fuel cells, and more particularly relates to a hydrogen source for a fuel cell, with a chemical hydride which reacts with water to form gaseous hydrogen, and one with such a hydrogen source Equipped fuel cell with an electrolyte that delimits an anode compartment on the one hand and a cathode compartment on the other.
  • a fuel cell is an electrochemical device for generating electricity. It has an electrolyte, a cathode and an anode.
  • the cathode becomes an oxidizing agent, e.g. B. oxygen
  • the anode is a fuel, e.g. B. hydrogen supplied.
  • Fuel cells can be manufactured with a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). This is provided on both sides with a catalytically active layer and is located between two gas diffusion layers. It is also possible for the two gas diffusion layers to be provided with a catalyst layer instead of the membrane.
  • PEM polymer electrolyte membrane
  • ionic or salt-like hydrides react by hydrolysis with water to form gaseous hydrogen and a hydroxide.
  • Most suitable as hydrogen sources are the binary compounds of hydrogen and alkali or alkaline earth elements, especially othium hydride, sodium hydride or calcium hydride, which are commercially available.
  • the ternary compounds of hydrogen with alkali and alkaline earth elements which contain aluminum or boron especially othium aluminum hydride, lithium borohydride, sodium aluminum hydride or sodium borohydride.
  • These hydrides are referred to below as chemical hydrides, mainly for
  • Water vapor is permeable, but not for liquid water.
  • the supply of water to the hydride is therefore only in vapor form, not liquid.
  • the regulation of the hydrogen production takes place via the height of the water level in the water reservoir.
  • a disadvantage of these arrangements is the risk of crack formation in the membrane, which cannot be ruled out, due to strong mechanical loads, as a result of which liquid water can then come into contact with the chemical hydride and trigger uncontrolled reactions.
  • Another disadvantage is that this control method is sensitive to external influences such as tilting of the device or mechanical shocks, since this causes the liquid water in the reservoir to move and the surface of the porous, hydrophobic membrane that is in contact with the water changes constantly. This type of hydrogen generation is therefore unsuitable for mobile applications.
  • Hydrolysis of chemical hydrides is disclosed, water being supplied from a water reservoir by means of hydrophilic structures. To control the hydrogen production, the water is displaced by the increasing hydrogen gas pressure during the reaction. A membrane is also used, which is located between the water reservoir and the hydride. She has that here The task is to let water pass through, but to be impermeable to hydrogen. As a result, a pressure can build up in the hydride container, which prevents further water from entering the hydride space. This system is also endangered by the formation of cracks in the membrane, since then there can no longer be a pressure difference between the water reservoir and the hydride space and the water reaches the hydride unhindered.
  • the invention is intended to provide a largely fail-safe device for generating hydrogen gas. This device should be used directly as a fuel source for a fuel cell.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a fuel cell according to a second
  • Embodiment; 3 shows a cross section through a hydrogen source that is not directly integrated into a fuel cell; 4 shows a cross section through an amount of a bound hydride.
  • 1 consists of a polymer electrolyte membrane 2, a gas-tight anode space 3 with an anodic gas diffusion electrode 4, and a cathode space with a cathodic gas diffusion electrode 5.
  • anode space 3 there is a bound chemical hydride 10 and a water reservoir 11 , which is enclosed in a porous, hydrophobic membrane 12.
  • the fuel cell has current leads 15 from the anode and cathode and the anode compartment 3 has a pressure relief valve 16.
  • the anode compartment 3 is encapsulated in a housing 19.
  • lithium hydride As the chemical hydride 10, which is placed directly in the anode compartment 3 of the cell for use as a hydrogen source for the fuel cell, lithium hydride, utium aluminum hydride or lithium borohydride is preferably used.
  • the hydride 10 reacts in the hydrolysis with the liberation of hydrogen
  • Water that is supplied in the fuel cell 1 according to FIG. 1 in the form of water vapor is generated by evaporation from the reservoir 11 with liquid water at a temperature below the boiling point of the water.
  • the water is supplied in the form of water vapor from the water reservoir 11 through the membrane 12, which is a porous, hydrophobic membrane, preferably made of PTFE.
  • the reservoir 11 is thus realized in that a certain amount of water is enclosed in the porous, hydrophobic PTFE membrane 12 through which the water vapor can diffuse to the hydride 10.
  • the possibly increased water temperature in the reservoir 11 results from the operating temperature of the fuel cell and the heat development of the hydride-water reaction.
  • the advantage of placing the chemical hydride 10 in the anode compartment is in the possibility of a compact, multi-room construction of a unit consisting of a hydrogen source and a fuel cell.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the chemical hydride 10 in the form of powder particles 21 which are bound in an organic substance 22.
  • binding of the chemical hydride 10 here means that the particles 21 of the powdered chemical hydride, which preferably have a size of between 1 and 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 10 and 50 ⁇ m, are enveloped by the organic substance 22 and are held together ,
  • the organic substances used are hydrophobic and do not react with the chemical hydride.
  • the organic substance 22 with which the hydride 10 is bound can be a
  • the hydride bound with the polymer is a porous material such that the hydride particles 21 are surrounded by the polymer 22 and passages 23 remain free between the resulting grains, through which gas, in particular water vapor and
  • Hydrogen can diffuse. These passages arise from the initial evolution of gas caused by the reaction of the hydride with contaminants of the uncured polymer or with the moisture in the ambient air that takes place before the polymer envelops the hydride particles. This gas evolution can also be achieved by adding a blowing agent.
  • the water vapor must therefore diffuse through the gas passages in the polymer and through a relatively thin covering layer consisting of the polymer material in order to be able to react with the hydride.
  • the cladding layer represents the main diffusion barrier and the gas passages ensure that the hydrogen is uniform to the maximum possible surface of the coated hydride particles arrives.
  • the bound hydride offers the advantage that if there is a crack in the membrane, no liquid water is in direct contact with the hydride comes what could trigger an uncontrolled, explosive development of hydrogen and thus a strong pressure increase in the anode compartment 3, which can destroy the fuel cell. Furthermore, the binding with the polymer counteracts an increase in volume during the conversion of the hydride into hydroxide. Mechanical stability and better machinability or formability are also advantageous.
  • the solid, powdered chemical hydride can also be bound by being distributed in a viscous or liquid organic substance.
  • organic substances include, for example, silicone grease or
  • Substance has the property of not reacting with the hydride and being highly hydrophobic. Therefore, no liquid water in direct
  • the mixture comes into contact.
  • the mixture is used as a thin layer, or a porous substance is introduced into the mixture which is not wetted by the organic substance, so that gas passages arise.
  • the product water which arises during operation of the fuel cell can also be used to react with the chemical hydride 10 and to form hydrogen.
  • the product water diffuses out the cathode compartment, where it is created, through the water-permeable polymer electrolyte membrane 2 of the fuel cell 1 into the anode compartment 3. Even if the water vapor is provided by the product water of the fuel cell, the bound hydride offers a high level of safety since it does not cause spontaneous ignition comes even if the membrane electrode
  • Unit of the fuel cell is injured and liquid water and oxygen can penetrate from the outside.
  • the humidity of the ambient air can be used to supply water, which, like the product water from the cathode compartment, which is in contact with the ambient air, diffuses through the membrane 2 into the anode compartment 3.
  • This possibility is preferably suitable for starting the hydrogen development if an arrangement is used in which only the product water of the fuel cell is used for the water supply. Because here no hydrogen and therefore no product water generated by the fuel cell, which is required for the production of the hydrogen, is produced until water is supplied to the hydride 10 from the outside.
  • dry water consists of a hydrophobic powder made of synthetic silica, such as hydrophobic AEROSIL R972 from Degussa-Hüls AG, which can absorb a large proportion of water, but which retains its powdery consistency when the water is broken down into fine droplets in the presence of AEROSIL.
  • the hydrophobic silica envelops the drops and prevents them from coming together, which leads to a powdery substance.
  • This powder is placed in the anode compartment 3 and the water vapor evaporating therefrom can react with the chemical hydride 10 to form hydrogen.
  • the water reserve voir 11 separated from the bound chemical hydride 10 by a porous, hydrophobic membrane 24 forming part of the reservoir housing and is connected to the water in a reservoir 25.
  • a porous, hydrophobic membrane 24 forming part of the reservoir housing and is connected to the water in a reservoir 25.
  • the reservoir 25 there is a stamp 26 with a spring 27 which exerts pressure on the water surface.
  • the bound chemical hydride can be used in conjunction with any of the water supply methods mentioned above as a hydrogen source that is not directly integrated into a fuel cell.
  • Figure 3 shows such an arrangement.
  • the moisture in the ambient air can also be used for the possible additional supply of water by placing the bound chemical hydride in a container in which at least one wall is formed by a membrane which is permeable to water vapor.
  • Lithium hydride (LiH) is used as chemical hydride, which works well with the two components of the S-Uikon rubber SYLGARD 170 from Dow Corning GmbH are mixed.
  • the proportion of lithium hydride in the mixture is between 20 and 80 percent by weight, preferably between 30 and 50 percent by weight.
  • This mixture is filled into a mold and cured at an elevated temperature. The temperature is preferably between 100 and 180
  • a porous PTFE membrane to supply water.
  • a bag made of PTFE film is filled with a stoichiometric amount of water and sealed.
  • the PTFE film has a polypropylene carrier structure that can be melted and thus seals the bag watertight.
  • Water reservoirs 11 are placed in the anode space 3 of the fuel cell 1, which is sealed gas-tight with the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 of a membrane electrode unit. Power is taken from the fuel cell via suitable current leads 15 on the cathode and anode. In order that no overpressure builds up when no power is drawn from the fuel cell, the anode compartment has the overpressure valve 16. The arrangement is shown in FIG. 1.
  • polyethylene powder is used as an organic substance, in which it is bound to hydride.
  • the PE powder and the lithium hydride are mixed well.
  • the proportion of the I-itMu m hydride in the mixture is preferably between 20 and 80 percent by weight, particularly preferably between 30 and 50 percent by weight. This is filled into a mold and at elevated
  • the temperature is preferably between 100 and 220 degrees Celsius.
  • the pressure exerted is preferably 100 to 200 bar.
  • Liquid water in the anode compartment 3 of the fuel cell 1, which is connected to the storage container 25 outside the anode compartment, is used for the water supply, as shown in FIG.
  • the PE-bonded lithium hydride is separated from the water in the anode compartment 3 by the porous PTFE membrane 24 stretched in the anode compartment, through which the water vapor diffuses to the hydride.
  • the water is pressed back into the storage container 25 if the hydrogen production is too high due to the increased hydrogen gas pressure, as a result of which water vapor can no longer diffuse through the PTFE membrane 24.
  • pressure is exerted on the water in the reservoir 25. The pressure is such that no liquid water is forced through the porous PTFE membrane 24.
  • the stamp 26 with the spring 27, which presses on the water surface in the reservoir 25, can serve as a device for generating this pressure, for example.
  • the silicone grease BAYSILONE from Bayer AG is used here as a viscous, organic substance for binding -thium hydride. Silicone grease and lithium hydride are mixed well. The proportion of lithium hydride in the mixture is between 20 and 50 percent by weight. This results in a viscous mass which can be filled as a thin layer in the fuel cell arrangements of Examples 1 or 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L"invention concerne une source d"hydrogène servant à faire fonctionner une pile à combustible (1) et comprenant un hydrure (10) désigné comme hydrure ionique ou chimique tel que, par exemple, l"hydrure de lithium, qui réagit avec l"eau en formant de l"hydrogène gazeux. L"invention vise à empêcher le fonctionnement incontrôlé, voire explosif, de cette source d"hydrogène. A cet effet, l"hydrure chimique (10, 21) est lié à une substance organique (22), notamment un polymère ou une graisse. Cette substance organique (22) doit être une substance hydrophobe ne réagissant pas avec l"hydrure chimique (10) et doit comporter des pores servant de passage au gaz (23). La source d"hydrogène de ce type équipant une pile à combustible (1) est disposée directement dans le logement de l"anode (3) de ladite pile (1).
PCT/EP2001/011770 2000-10-12 2001-10-11 Source d"hydrogene servant a faire fonctionner une pile a combustible et pile a combustible dotee de cette source WO2002030810A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002220616A AU2002220616A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-11 Hydrogen source for operating a fuel cell and fuel cell provided within said source

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10050554.6 2000-10-12
DE10050554A DE10050554A1 (de) 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Wasserstoffquelle zum Betrieb einer Brennstoffzelle, und hiermit bestückte Brennstoffzelle

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WO2002030810A1 true WO2002030810A1 (fr) 2002-04-18

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AU (1) AU2002220616A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10050554A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002030810A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1375419A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-02 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Dispositif pour la production d'hydrogène
EP1396471A2 (fr) 2002-09-06 2004-03-10 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Dispositif de géneration d hydrogène
FR2893606A1 (fr) * 2005-11-24 2007-05-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Generateur d'hydrogene et pile a combustible mettant en oeuvre un tel generateur
WO2007089740A1 (fr) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-09 Honeywell International Inc. Générateur de puissance ultraléger, à densité de puissance élevée
US7422816B2 (en) 2004-03-08 2008-09-09 Micronas Gmbh Fuel cell system
WO2010081942A1 (fr) 2008-12-05 2010-07-22 Alex Hr Roustaei Piles ou micro piles a hydrogene avec un generateur d ' hydrogene
US8172912B2 (en) 2003-11-14 2012-05-08 Encite, Llc Self-regulating gas generator and method
US9093690B2 (en) 2007-11-06 2015-07-28 Micronas Gmbh Sensor fuel cell
EP3103764A1 (fr) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-14 Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated Production contrôlée d'hydrogène à partir de gels d'hydrure hydrolysables
US9522371B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2016-12-20 Encite Llc Self-regulating gas generator and method
JP2017084816A (ja) * 2005-10-25 2017-05-18 ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド プロトン交換膜燃料電池
WO2023105532A1 (fr) * 2021-12-08 2023-06-15 Athalye Shrinivas Systèmes autonomes de génération d'hydrogène sur site

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DE10255736B4 (de) * 2002-11-29 2009-03-19 Micronas Gmbh Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US7727293B2 (en) 2005-02-25 2010-06-01 SOCIéTé BIC Hydrogen generating fuel cell cartridges
CN103213944B (zh) * 2005-06-13 2015-07-29 法商Bic公司 生成氢的燃料电池盒
US8048576B2 (en) 2005-07-12 2011-11-01 Honeywell International Inc. Power generator shut-off valve
WO2007074220A1 (fr) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Procede de production d'hydrogene
US8043736B2 (en) 2006-01-10 2011-10-25 Honeywell International Inc. Power generator having multiple layers of fuel cells
FR2913284A1 (fr) * 2007-08-03 2008-09-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Pile a combustible comprenant un support mecanique constituant un reservoir d'hydrogene.
FR2920593A1 (fr) * 2007-11-30 2009-03-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Cartouche pour pile a combustible et pile a combustible comportant une telle cartouche
DE102009057720A1 (de) 2009-12-10 2011-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Batterie und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Batterie
DE102020205970B3 (de) * 2020-05-12 2021-09-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Flexibles System zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie, Vorrichtung zur Abgabe elektrischer Energie, Verfahren zur Herstellung des flexiblen Systems sowie Verwendungen hiervon

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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1375419A3 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-05-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Dispositif pour la production d'hydrogène
US8506659B2 (en) 2002-06-21 2013-08-13 Eveready Battery Co., Inc. Hydrogen generating apparatus
EP1375419A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-02 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Dispositif pour la production d'hydrogène
US7655056B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2010-02-02 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Hydrogen generating apparatus
EP1396471A2 (fr) 2002-09-06 2004-03-10 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Dispositif de géneration d hydrogène
EP1396471A3 (fr) * 2002-09-06 2004-04-28 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Dispositif de géneration d hydrogène
US7316719B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2008-01-08 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Hydrogen generating apparatus
US8172912B2 (en) 2003-11-14 2012-05-08 Encite, Llc Self-regulating gas generator and method
US7422816B2 (en) 2004-03-08 2008-09-09 Micronas Gmbh Fuel cell system
US8475969B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2013-07-02 Honeywell International Inc. High power density, ultra-light power generator
JP2017084816A (ja) * 2005-10-25 2017-05-18 ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド プロトン交換膜燃料電池
FR2893606A1 (fr) * 2005-11-24 2007-05-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Generateur d'hydrogene et pile a combustible mettant en oeuvre un tel generateur
US7763233B2 (en) 2005-11-24 2010-07-27 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Hydrogen generator and fuel cell using same
WO2007060369A1 (fr) * 2005-11-24 2007-05-31 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Générateur d'hydrogène et pile à combustible mettant en oeuvre un tel générateur
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CN101312779B (zh) * 2005-11-24 2010-06-02 原子能委员会 氢气发生器和利用其的燃料电池
WO2007089740A1 (fr) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-09 Honeywell International Inc. Générateur de puissance ultraléger, à densité de puissance élevée
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WO2010081942A1 (fr) 2008-12-05 2010-07-22 Alex Hr Roustaei Piles ou micro piles a hydrogene avec un generateur d ' hydrogene
US9522371B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2016-12-20 Encite Llc Self-regulating gas generator and method
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WO2023105532A1 (fr) * 2021-12-08 2023-06-15 Athalye Shrinivas Systèmes autonomes de génération d'hydrogène sur site

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