WO2002016826A1 - Ameliorations apportees a des lampes, des luminaires et des systemes d'eclairage - Google Patents

Ameliorations apportees a des lampes, des luminaires et des systemes d'eclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002016826A1
WO2002016826A1 PCT/GB2001/003814 GB0103814W WO0216826A1 WO 2002016826 A1 WO2002016826 A1 WO 2002016826A1 GB 0103814 W GB0103814 W GB 0103814W WO 0216826 A1 WO0216826 A1 WO 0216826A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diodes
lamp
light
support
array
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2001/003814
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Grant Rozenberg
Ian Shaun Lawry
George Alan Limpkin
Original Assignee
Simon Grant Rozenberg
Ian Shaun Lawry
George Alan Limpkin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Simon Grant Rozenberg, Ian Shaun Lawry, George Alan Limpkin filed Critical Simon Grant Rozenberg
Priority to US10/362,653 priority Critical patent/US6994452B2/en
Priority to AU2001284174A priority patent/AU2001284174A1/en
Priority to EP01963141A priority patent/EP1409919A1/fr
Publication of WO2002016826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002016826A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
    • F21V19/003—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources
    • F21V19/0045—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources by tongue and groove connections, e.g. dovetail interlocking means fixed by sliding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F21S8/024—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters intended to be recessed in a wall or like vertical structure, e.g. building facade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/04—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/022—Emergency lighting devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
    • G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
    • G08B7/066—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources guiding along a path, e.g. evacuation path lighting strip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G09F13/22—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/02—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which an auxiliary distribution system and its associated lamps are brought into service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B35/00—Electric light sources using a combination of different types of light generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F21S8/022—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters intended to be recessed in a floor or like ground surface, e.g. pavement or false floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V15/00—Protecting lighting devices from damage
    • F21V15/01—Housings, e.g. material or assembling of housing parts
    • F21V15/013—Housings, e.g. material or assembling of housing parts the housing being an extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/10—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
    • F21V17/104—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening using feather joints, e.g. tongues and grooves, with or without friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/0075—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders of tubular light sources, e.g. ring-shaped fluorescent light sources
    • F21V19/008—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders of tubular light sources, e.g. ring-shaped fluorescent light sources of straight tubular light sources, e.g. straight fluorescent tubes, soffit lamps
    • F21V19/009—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders of tubular light sources, e.g. ring-shaped fluorescent light sources of straight tubular light sources, e.g. straight fluorescent tubes, soffit lamps the support means engaging the vessel of the source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • F21Y2107/30—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on the outer surface of cylindrical surfaces, e.g. rod-shaped supports having a circular or a polygonal cross section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S362/00—Illumination
    • Y10S362/80—Light emitting diode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lamps, luminaires and lighting systems for buildings particularly, though not exclusively, for providing emergency light in the event of power failure.
  • LED-based lamps there have been a variety of disclosures of LED-based lamps outside the emergency lighting field.
  • LED-based light strings for Christmas trees are disclosed in US-A-4984999 and 5495147.
  • LED arrays for vehicle lamps are disclosed in US-A-4929866 and 4935665.
  • a lamp using LEDs and a concave reflector to provide a concentrated beam is disclosed in US-A-5782553, but such proposals are not appropriate for building emergency lighting where the requirement is to provide large areas of evenly distributed intensity.
  • US-A- 5838247 discloses arrays of LEDs to provide the circular lamps for traffic lights.
  • US-A-5899557 discloses LEDs feeding their light into a curved cylindrical lens for generating a controlled beam pattern which is elongated in a defined plane, e.g. for a marine light fitted to a buoy or marker.
  • Light strings based on LEDs are disclosed in US-A-6072280.
  • the invention provides a light-emitting diode lamp comprising a support and an array of light emitting diodes on the support, an optical axis passing through the middle of the array, wherein: the diodes increase in number with distance from the optical axis; and the light from the diodes increases in inclination with distance from the optical axis.
  • the present invention further provides a light-emitting diode lamp comprising a support and an array of light emitting diodes on the support, an optical axis passing through the middle of the array and the diodes increasing in number and increasing in inclination with distance from the optical axis.
  • the invention also provides a luminaire comprising a lamp as described above and a lens having facets for generally un-deviated and un-reflected passage of light from off-axis diodes.
  • the invention further provides a building emergency lighting system comprising luminaires as described above.
  • the invention yet further provides a light-emitting diode lamp comprising a support and an array of light emitting diodes on the support, and control means for causing the lamp to operate in a first mode to provide emergency lighting and in a second mode to provide continuous security lighting and to operate at a first power during emergency lighting and at a second power less than the first power during security lighting.
  • the lamp may be ceiling or wall-mounted and be used to provide various patterns of light on a floor, e.g.:
  • first and second lobes facing in opposite directions away from the axis for use e.g. in a path through a room;
  • first and second lobes facing in opposite directions away from the axis along a first line and third and fourth lobes facing in opposite directions away from the axis along a second line directed at right angles to the first line for use at an intersection of two paths; • A circularly symmetrical pattern of light for general illumination.
  • the inclination of the light may result from passage of the light from diodes at progressively increasing distance from the axis through respective lens facets of progressively increasing inclination.
  • the inclination of the light may result from an increase in inclination of the diodes with distance from the optical axis.
  • the support may be generally planar and the diodes may be carried on inclined faces forming part of the support.
  • the support may be concave and the diodes may be carried or mounted on the inner face, or as in a preferred embodiment the support may be convex and the diodes may be on the outer face.
  • the support may be of flexible PCB material e.g. a fiberglass-based thin PCB material.
  • the diodes are advantageously lensed with clear lenses and have an output in the form of a concentrated beam of angle of e.g. about ⁇ 25° with respect to their optical axes, although both larger and smaller values are possible.
  • the LEDs should produce white light, as this is required for building emergency illumination.
  • the diodes are preferably at spacings one from another. Rather than using discrete lensed LEDs, it may, however, be possible to mount chip diodes on a PCB or other support and to subsequently overlay lenses e.g. in strips on the LEDs to give directional light output.
  • the support advantageously carries an electrical circuit for supplying power to the diodes, the diodes being connected in parallel.
  • a luminaire according to the invention advantageously further comprises storage batteries for supplying current to the diodes, a charging circuit for charging the batteries from mains power and a control circuit for switching battery power to the diodes on loss of mains power.
  • a luminaire according to the invention may contain within a single housing e.g. for mounting on or in a ceiling both a LED lamp as aforesaid and least one source of general light, e.g. at least one incandescent lamp or at least one fluorescent tube.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a room in a department store showing an escape path along which luminaires according to a first embodiment of the invention are fitted as downlights;
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view from underneath of one of the luminaires to be fitted along an escape path as shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figs. 3-6 are respectively a longitudinal vertical section, a side view, an end view and an underneath view of the luminaire of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the luminaire from above with an upper part of the luminaire exploded from the lower part to reveal a battery compartment;
  • Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic plan view of a diode array circuit board showing conductors for one of the diodes in the array;
  • Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram for the LED array
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply and control circuit for the luminaire
  • Fig. 11 is a graph showing longitudinal and transverse light intensity distributions for theiziminaire of Figs 2-10;
  • Figs 12 and 13 show the luminaire in alternative installation sites
  • Fig 14 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which a luminaire according to the invention is combined with a luminaire for providing general light;
  • Figs 15 and 16 are respectively a plan view of a circuit board for a third embodiment of the invention before fitting of the diodes and a perspective view of the board with diodes in place and folded;
  • Fig 17 shows diagrammatically a circuit board for a fourth embodiment of the invention having an alternative diode array
  • Figs. 18 and 19 show diagrammatically a support and lens array for fifth and sixth embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. 20 shows a further diode array
  • Fig. 21 shows a circuit board carrying the array of Fig. 20 in an un-folded state
  • Fig. 22 is an underneath view of the array showing fold lines
  • Fig. 23 is a side views of the array in folded state
  • Figs. 24 and 25 are side and underneath views of an alternative form of the array of Fig 22 in which the support remains planar and outer rows of diodes are inclined;
  • Figs 26-28 are diagrammatic views of further LED arrays
  • Fig 29 is a view of an opening in a wall of a building and associated luminaries for security/emergency lighting including luminaries for mounting adjacent to the opening
  • Fig 30 is a front perspective view of the luminaire
  • Fig. 31 is a perspective view of the luminaire of Fig. 30 and of an illuminated sign depending therefrom;
  • Fig. 32 is a view of a planar circuit board and fresnel lens for distributing light carried by the circuit board to the far field.
  • emergency lighting may be required, providing escape lighting that fulfils the following functions:
  • Fig 1 shows a sales space 10 of a department store having sales counters 12 in an area 14, storage facilities 16 and a path 18 between an entrance 20 and an exit 22.
  • the path 18 serves as a walkway, but in the event of a power failure or other emergency it also serves as an escape path.
  • Emergency lighting luminaires powered by storage batteries are used to light both the path 18 and other areas such as the sales area 14.
  • British standards, for example BS 5266-1:1999 require an even illumination of 1.0 lux and of width at least 0.5 meter along the path 18 and illumination of 0.2 lux in other areas.
  • luminaires that have incandescent or fluorescent lamps, and it is one of the objects of this invention to provide a luminaire for emergency lighting that takes advantage of the long life, high luminous efficiency and low power consumption of light-emitting diodes.
  • the luminaire of the invention can be provided in both non-maintained and in maintained versions, the maintained version being illuminatable as required to provide low-level security lighting e.g. for use overnight or at weekends when the main illumination is off so that for example security cameras can monitor the space which is being illuminated.
  • the LED's are preferably run at a reduced output compared to when they are run in emergency mode in order to preserve their life.
  • a luminaire 24 for surface mounting in a ceiling or for mounting in an aperture or recess formed in the ceiling comprises a holder 26 for fixing to or into the ceiling, a body 28 that is a snap fit or is otherwise removably attached to the holder 26 and a lens 30 forming part of the body 28.
  • the holder 26 is generally of channel section with end caps and it may be of extruded aluminum or other suitable material. Inner edge surfaces 32 are provided for snap engagement with mating surfaces 34 of the body 28 also of extruded aluminum or other suitable material.
  • a web portion 35 of the body is spaced from the holder 26 to define a compartment 36 for batteries 38 that are held in position by spring clips 40.
  • the batteries 38 may be nickel metal hydride cells for maintaining reliable emergency operation without the problems of discharge memory effect; nickel cadmium batteries could also be used.
  • the intelligent electronics built into the lamp may provide for controlled charging and discharging of the cells 38 to achieve optimum life and performance for the batteries 38.
  • a lower face of the web portion 35 supports a motherboard 42 on which is mounted a transformer 44 and other power supply and control circuitry.
  • the holder 26 carries first electrical connectors 31, 31a that mate with a second electrical connector 22 on the lamp body when the holder and body are fitted together for supply of mains and battery power to the motherboard 42 and also for providing charging current to the batteries 38 during quiescent or non-emergency conditions.
  • Return flanges 46 of the body 28 are formed at their ends 48 with slots to receive a flexible fiberglass circuit board 50 that assumes a convex arcuate profile and carries an array of LEDs generally indicated by the reference numeral 58 on its lower face.
  • the board 50 is of thickness about 0.5 mm and is single-sided with printed conductors on the face opposite to that to which the LEDs are attached.
  • the board 50 becomes bent to a radius of curvature of about 45 mm.
  • Further slots 52 provide a location for the lens 30 which has a radius of curvature of 60mm.
  • the ends of the body are closed by plates 54 which are attached to the body 28 by any convenient means, e.g. by screws 56 that locate in fixing channels 60.
  • the plates 54 close off the ends of both the body 28 and the holder 26.
  • the diode array 58 is directed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lamp and comprises a central red lensed LED 62 and rows 64,64', 66,66', 68,68', 70,70' of white lensed LEDs disposed symmetrically at progressively increasing distances from the LED 62 and respectively containing 2, 3, 4 and 5 LEDs.
  • the LED 62 is provided to give a status indication, and the remaining white LEDs provide emergency illumination in a first mode and security lighting in a second mode as and when required.
  • the white LEDs are all parallel and normal to its surface, but when fitted into the luminaire, the white LEDs are inclined outwardly at angles that increase progressively with distance from the LED 62.
  • the array is defined to have an optical axis 72 (Fig. 3) that passes along a radius of the board 50 through the LED 62, then the working LEDs increase in number and in angle of outward inclination with distance from the optical axis.
  • the diodes are spaced apart from one another in the array, with spacing between one diode and another in each row being 10mm and the spacing between one row and another being 8.66 mm.
  • the lamp may use InGaN (indium gallium nitride) white LEDs which can provide a long service life.
  • each white LED is a Nichia NSPW 510 BS lensed LED (available in the UK from plusOpto, Leigh, Lanes) that has a diameter of 5 mm, a length of 7mm, a rated output of 1.1 candela and an output angle of 50° (i.e. the light is emitted as a divergent conical concentrated beam having a width of ⁇ 25° with respect to the optical axis of the LED).
  • the lens 30 should have a larger radius of curvature than the circuit board 50, and in the present embodiment a radius of 60 mm has been selected. It is important to avoid waste of light from the LED's by back reflection from the lens 30 or through multiple reflections within the lens. The difference in curvature between the board 50 and the lens 30 creates few problems close to the optical axis 72, and for that reason the lens can have a plain curved axial region 74 through which light from the status indicator LED 62 and the working LEDs of the innermost rows 64,64' passes.
  • the lens is formed with facets 76,76', 78,78', 80,80* through which light from the diodes in rows 66,66', 68,68', 70,70' passes, the facets being directed generally normal to the optical axes of the diodes in each row.
  • Each facet is larger than the divergent beam from the LED impinging on it, so that the light from each LED passes through the facet with minimal deviation or reflection.
  • the beam from each LED is relatively concentrated, it is possible to obtain even coverage over a wide field, with the greater intensity of emitted light being directed into the far field. The results obtainable with the above described are shown in Fig.
  • Fig 8 shows the upper face of the circuit board 50 according to a first embodiment with longitudinal conductive tracks 82,84 between which are shown conductors 86,88 for a series resistor 89 and connector pads 90 for an LED. It will be noted that the conductors 86,88 and the surface mounted series resistor 89 are directed along the no-bend axis 92, whereas the tracks 82,84 are directed along the bend axis 94. This arrangement minimizes circuit faults arising when the board 50 is curved to the shape shown in Fig. 3.
  • the circuit diagram of the board 50 with its current-limiting resistors and LEDs is as shown in Fig 9. It will be noted that all the working LEDs are connected in parallel so that failure of any diode leaves the others still working.
  • the load resistors 89 are located on or adjacent to the tracks 82,84 and the LEDs are spaced from the tracks 82,84. With this arrangement the thermally sensitive LEDs are protected from the heat from the load resistors.
  • Fig 10 gives schematic circuit of the driving and control circuitry.
  • Mains AC is supplied via low- voltage transformer 100 to bridge rectifier 102 and the resulting low voltage DC output passes via voltage regulator 104 and battery constant current control unit 106 to the rechargeable battery unit 108 made up of the individual batteries 38 in space 36. During normal running this path maintains the batteries charged ready for use should an emergency arise.
  • the mains input is also fed to an input voltage detection unit 112 whose output is fed through opto- coupler monitor 143 to a solid-state control unit 110 (e.g. a microcontroller). Assuming that power is present and the luminaire is operating correctly the control unit 110 causes the LED 62 to show a steady light.
  • a solid-state control unit 110 e.g. a microcontroller
  • auto-test and monitoring software 113 activates flashing unit 114 to cause the LED 62 to flash.
  • flashing unit 114 In an alternative arrangement instead of the red LED 62 there is provided a bi-color red/green LED that gives a constant green signal unless a fault is detected or the cells 38 are insufficiently charged, in which case it gives a flashing red signal. If power fails, the control unit 110 responds to a signal from the detection unit 112 by causing the control unit 106 to draw current from the battery unit 108 and to energize the white LEDs on the board 50.
  • a manual input 115 can be used to cause a diagnostic test to be carried out, and maintained (lamp on with mains ON or OFF) or non-maintained (lamp OFF when mains ON) mode can be selected using a selector 117.
  • maintained mode emergency illumination and security illumination modes can be selected as described above.
  • Battery voltage is monitored by monitor 109 that provides a feedback signal to the control unit 110 to enable the batteries to be maintained at the correct level of charge.
  • Fig 11 Light output from a practical embodiment of the lamp is shown in Fig 11. As is apparent, the illumination is in two zones directed to opposite sides of the optical axis in a "bats-wing" configuration, and with the maximum intensity some 20° off the optical axis. The distribution and illumination levels achieved with this embodiment have been found to be sufficient for emergency lighting in shops, offices and other buildings.
  • a luminaire 121 comprises a fluorescent tube lamp 123 and a LED luminaire 125 of the general type previously described built in side-by-side relationship into a single housing or unit 127.
  • the circuit board 130 may be curved along two axes to provide a bi-axial light output, or it could be part spherical.
  • the LED array need not nave the number of diodes indicated, and as shown in Fig 17, for example, it may have rows of three, four and five diodes.
  • the diodes may be built into facets of an otherwise generally planar support 140 with a curved front lens 142 as shown in Fig 18 or with an appropriately revised planar or near planar faceted lens 142a as shown in Fig 19.
  • Fig 20 there is shown diagrammatically a circuit board 50' carrying a further LED array having a central LED 62' and rows of diodes 64", 64'", 66", 66'", 68", 68"', 70", 70'” having 2, 3, 4 and 5 diodes per row.
  • Figs 21-23 show the board of Fig 20 with outer regions plane folded to direct light from the outer rows of diodes 68", 68'", 70", 70'” to the far field as shown.
  • the board 50" remains planar and the diodes 68", 68"', 70", 70'" of the outer two rows are mounted in outwardly facing orientations to direct light into the far field as shown.
  • the LED support can be concavely curved in profile when installed into the luminaire with the LEDs on the inner face and Fig 27 is a view similar to that of Fig. 26 except that the outer regions of the board are folded or faceted instead of curved.
  • the advantage of using a concave array is that the aperture required in the ceiling or in the housing of a luminaire can be smaller than with the convex arrangement and without obstruction by the housing of the light emitted from the LEDs.
  • the array is as shown in Fig. 6 and comprises green/red LED 62"" and white LEDs 64"", 66"", 68"" and 70"".
  • Fig. 29 shows a luminaire 24 as described with reference to Figs. 2-11 mounted on ceiling 151 and a door opening 152 provided with downwardly facing LED-based downlighters 150.
  • Each downlighter effectively has half the optics of a downlighter 24, that is to say a red/green status LED 154 and rows of 2, 3, 4 and 5 white LEDs marked 156, 158, 160, 162, all behind a lens 164 whose profile is one half of the lens 30.
  • the downlighters 150 are shown wall-mounted but they could also be ceiling-mounted adjacent to the door opening 152. As shown in Fig. 31, the lower face of one of the downlighters 150 also supports a depending illuminated information panel 166.
  • a diode array on a planar circuit board 171 comprises a central red/green LED 170 and rows 172, 172", 173, 173', 174, 174' and 175, 175' whose number increases progressively with distance from the central LED 170 as for the array of Fig. 6.1n this instance however, all the LEDs are mounted substantially parallel and facing substantially at right angles away from the board 171.
  • a fresnel lens comprises a central region 176 that passes the light undeviated or with slight deviation, and facets 177, 177', 178,178' and 179, 179' that are arranged to collect the light from the diodes in rows 173,173', 174,174' and 175,175' and direct it at progressively increasing angles towards the far field.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur des lampes, des luminaires et des systèmes d'éclairage constitués de diodes électroluminescentes et destinés notamment, mais pas exclusivement, aux bâtiments et assurant un éclairage de secours en cas de panne de courant. L'invention porte notamment sur une lampe à diodes électroluminescentes comprenant un support (26) sur lequel est placée une matrice de diodes (58), un axe optique (72) passant par le milieu de la matrice (58) et des diodes dont le nombre et l'inclinaison augmentent en fonction de la distance de l'axe optique (72). L'invention porte également sur un luminaire (24) comprenant une lampe telle que celle précitée et une lentille (30) dont les facettes permettent le passage de la lumière non déviée et non réfléchie émanant des diodes en dehors de l'axe. L'invention porte de plus sur un système d'éclairage de secours pour bâtiments qui comprend des luminaires (24) tels que ceux précités. En variante, l'inclinaison de la lumière s'effectue sous l'effet de l'inclinaison progressive des facettes.
PCT/GB2001/003814 2000-08-24 2001-08-24 Ameliorations apportees a des lampes, des luminaires et des systemes d'eclairage WO2002016826A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/362,653 US6994452B2 (en) 2000-08-24 2001-08-24 Lamps, luminaires and lighting systems
AU2001284174A AU2001284174A1 (en) 2000-08-24 2001-08-24 Improvements in lamps, luminaires and lighting systems
EP01963141A EP1409919A1 (fr) 2000-08-24 2001-08-24 Ameliorations apportees a des lampes, des luminaires et des systemes d'eclairage

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0020766.2A GB0020766D0 (en) 2000-08-24 2000-08-24 Improvements in lamps luminaires and lighting systems
GB0020766.2 2000-08-24

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WO2002016826A1 true WO2002016826A1 (fr) 2002-02-28

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US6994452B2 (en) 2006-02-07
US20040062055A1 (en) 2004-04-01
GB0020766D0 (en) 2000-10-11
EP1409919A1 (fr) 2004-04-21

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