WO2002000809A1 - Substrat pour plantes et/ou sols et son procede de production - Google Patents

Substrat pour plantes et/ou sols et son procede de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002000809A1
WO2002000809A1 PCT/DE2001/002488 DE0102488W WO0200809A1 WO 2002000809 A1 WO2002000809 A1 WO 2002000809A1 DE 0102488 W DE0102488 W DE 0102488W WO 0200809 A1 WO0200809 A1 WO 0200809A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plant
water
volume
substrate according
polyacrylate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002488
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian Bauknecht
Cornelius Pleser
Original Assignee
Cornelius Pleser
Maximilian Bauknecht
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10030793A external-priority patent/DE10030793B4/de
Priority claimed from DE20103339U external-priority patent/DE20103339U1/de
Application filed by Cornelius Pleser, Maximilian Bauknecht filed Critical Cornelius Pleser
Priority to AU2001276307A priority Critical patent/AU2001276307A1/en
Publication of WO2002000809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002000809A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant and / or soil substrate, which is intended in particular to save water during plant irrigation, and a method for its production.
  • Treatments of the soil before planting by distributing water-insoluble polyolefin pellets under the surface of the earth are known from US Pat. No. 3,713,253. This is said to improve plant germination, accelerate plant growth, improve the use of moisture and nutrients, reduce erosion and crusting, and increase crop yield.
  • plant pellets are known, the core of which consists of seed, organic substrate, loess, organic fertilizer, fungicide, possibly pesticide and a wetting agent.
  • the core is covered by a jacket made of starch and / or latex, the jacket being semi-permeable to control the water balance in the core.
  • common to these known pellets is that their production is relatively expensive.
  • the use of plastics, artificial fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides is required a relatively high financial stake.
  • Special processes for the production of the pellets are also necessary since they either consist of plastics themselves or have, for example, a plastic-coated core.
  • plant pellets can only be produced with great effort as protection against erosion and / or for greening, or they have to be imported at great expense.
  • the pellets or the soil must be regularly watered so that the seeds germinate or the plants grow. It was therefore the task to develop a plant and / or soil substrate and a method for its production, which requires little irrigation and consists of materials that are available inexpensively and especially in or for countries for the erosion protection and / or greening is particularly important and their often sparse vegetation suffers from extreme conditions such as enormous heat.
  • the object could be achieved by means of the features of the first and thirtieth claims.
  • the plant and / or soil substrate according to the invention consists of at least one water binder in the form of polyacrylate and / or water-storing silicate.
  • the water binder consists of 70 to 100% of polyacrylate and 0 to 30% of water-storing silicate and preferably 90 to 95% of polyacrylate and 5 to 10% of water-storing silicate.
  • the water-storing silicate is especially amorphous silica (diatomaceous earth) or crystalline silica.
  • the preferred polyacrylate is sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer),
  • the planting and / or soil substrate can also be a mixture of water binder in the form of polyacrylate and / or water-storing silicate with fiber material and / or fertilizer and / or being plant seeds.
  • the planting and / or soil substrate can be used directly for planting or added to the soil.
  • This mixture of sodium polyacrylate (Sodiu Carbomer) and / or the water-storing silicate with fiber material and / or fertilizer and / or plant seeds can also be pressed into pellets and added to the soil.
  • Renewable raw materials in the form of natural fibers for example ko os-, bamboo fibers, hay or straw, are preferably used as the fiber material, while the fertilizer is preferably dried sewage sludge.
  • the mixture according to the invention or the pellets pressed therefrom consist of at least 1% by volume of seeds and 1% by volume of water binder in the form of sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer) and / or water-storing silicate and the remaining 98% by volume of dried sewage sludge and natural fibers.
  • the pellets preferably contain 50% by volume, preferably 80% by volume of dried sewage sludge, 10% by volume, preferably 15% by volume of fibers, 1% by volume, preferably 2% by volume of plants, and 1% by volume, preferably 3% by volume % Water binder in the form of sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer) and / or water-storing silicate.
  • the pellets contain more Sewage sludge and less natural fibers, the harder the seeds are.
  • the size of the pellets is adapted to the seed size.
  • the mixture or the pellets can be incorporated into a mat-shaped nonwoven or between two nonwoven layers.
  • the substrate or the pellets produced therefrom can also be moistened before being introduced into the soil.
  • the substrate or pellets serve as protection against erosion or to save water when irrigating plants. It is also possible for the substrate to be used as a flower plug-in, and for this to be decoratively colored.
  • the present invention is preferably suitable for planting useful plants in countries with high daytime temperature and nightly high air humidity.
  • the substrate or the pellets according to the invention consist of a mixture of small-tailed natural fibers, such as bamboo, ko os, straw or hay, which have been crushed, for example, in a hammer mill.
  • a fiber length of 2-3 mm has proven to be particularly suitable; with longer fibers, matting occurs very easily when the components are mixed. The fiber length also depends on the pellet size used later.
  • At least 10% by volume, preferably 15% by volume, of natural fibers are used in the mixture.
  • the natural fibers cause better rooting of the future plant.
  • the natural fibers are mixed with at least 50% by volume, in particular with 80% by volume of dried sewage sludge as a fertilizer, since this contains nitrogen compounds and other nature-identical components. It must be ensured that the sewage sludge is not contaminated and that it has been dried to powder form.
  • 1% by volume, in particular 3% by volume, of a water binder in the form of polyacrylate, preferably sodium polyacrylate, and in the case of a water binder in the form of silicates, preferably diatomaceous earth are added.
  • the purpose of the water binder is to store water at the beginning after the first and only watering and later at night, which then during the day, at high temperatures,
  • Sodium polyacrylate and diatomaceous earth are organic substances and have no harmful effects on the future plant or on the environment.
  • 1% by volume, preferably 2% by volume, of plant seeds is added to the mixture of seeds, and seeds of any useful plant can be used. It is of course particularly suitable that seed has also proven itself in the country in which the pellets according to the invention are to be used. After making the mixture, it is possible to use it directly for planting or to work it into the soil. However, it is also possible to press them into pellets with a diameter of approximately 10 to 15 mm in a pelletizing plant, taking care that the plant seeds are not crushed.
  • the pellets largely prevent or restrict the seeds from moving away or drifting away, as is often the case in areas with little vegetation. Areas with little vegetation can therefore be greened more easily than was previously the case. This prevents erosion.
  • the substrate or pellets can be incorporated in a mat-shaped nonwoven, e.g. between two flow layers or other thin layers of fabric. It is possible to glue, sew in, act on or weave in the pellets. These mats can be rolled up for transport.
  • the fleece or the fabric layer provides additional protection against the blowing of the substrate or the 'pellets in strong wind conditions.
  • the substrate is mixed.
  • this can be converted into pellets with a diameter of e.g. 15 mm to be pressed.
  • the substrate or pellets are thoroughly moistened once before, during or after sowing on a suitable soil.
  • a suitable soil By moistening the water binder in the form of sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer) and / or water-storing silicate is saturated with water, which is released back to the plants during the day.
  • the substrate or the pellets are introduced into the soil approx. 3 to 5 cm using suitable machines. Further moistening of the substrate or the pellets is not necessary or is only necessary to a limited extent with low night moisture.
  • the water binder releases the stored water in the form of sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer) and / or water-storing silicate, causing the seeds to germinate.
  • the water binder in the form of sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer) and / or water-storing silicate in high humidity again water to give it back during the day. This enables the plant to grow in extremely hot and dry areas.
  • plant growth can be determined wherever substrate or pellets are in the
  • Soil temperature of 5 ° C a plant growth can be determined after 10 days. The plants thrived without further direct irrigation.
  • sodium polyacrylate sodium carbomer
  • Acrylic acid polymer and sodium salt In the initial state, it is a white, free-flowing powder, which absorbs large amounts of moisture and thereby thickens
  • this polyacrylate which is currently used, for example, in the cosmetics industry, is outstandingly suitable for storing water for watering plants. If this polyacrylate is mixed into the soil and irrigated, it swells many times over its original volume and loosens the soil, which improves the soil quality, increases the oxygen and nutrient supply and additionally promotes plant growth. In numerous tests, even under extreme conditions, it has surprisingly been found that plants which have been used in appropriately treated soils no longer need to be watered for several weeks after initial irrigation. Surprisingly, it was also found that excellent growth was also observed in plants which were only planted in water-saturated sodium polyacrylate (sodium carbomer).
  • sodium polyacrylate swollen with water was poured into a vessel and cut flowers were placed therein. These flowers had the same durability as when using conventional floral stock.
  • a decorative effect could be achieved if the gel, which consisted of swollen sodium polyacrylate, was filled into transparent containers in the initial state or colored. The swollen sodium polyacrylate appears crystalline through the glass, which creates an interesting optical effect. It looks as if the water has frozen in the vessel and as if numerous ice crystals have formed. If the flower container falls over, no water runs out, because the gel adheres to the water stored in the container.
  • Commercial sodium fertilizer can of course be added to the sodium polyacrylate.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un substrat pour plantes et/ou sols et son procédé de production. Le substrat présenté est constitué d'au moins un élément de rétention d'eau, se présentant sous la forme d'un polyacrylate, et/ou d'un silicate accumulant l'eau. Selon le procédé présenté, l'élément de rétention d'eau sous forme d'un polyacrylate est mélangé avec le silicate accumulant l'eau.
PCT/DE2001/002488 2000-06-29 2001-06-26 Substrat pour plantes et/ou sols et son procede de production WO2002000809A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001276307A AU2001276307A1 (en) 2000-06-29 2001-06-26 Plant and/or soil substrate and method for producing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10030793A DE10030793B4 (de) 2000-06-29 2000-06-29 Pflanzenpellets und deren Verwendung
DE10030793.0 2000-06-29
DE20103339.9 2001-02-25
DE20103339U DE20103339U1 (de) 2001-02-25 2001-02-25 Pflanz- und/oder Bodensubstrat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002000809A1 true WO2002000809A1 (fr) 2002-01-03

Family

ID=26006181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2001/002488 WO2002000809A1 (fr) 2000-06-29 2001-06-26 Substrat pour plantes et/ou sols et son procede de production

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001276307A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002000809A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2868906A1 (fr) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-21 Santiago Jimenez Produit pour obtenir un substrat, notamment pour fleurs coupees, substrat et bouquet ainsi obtenu
EP2647613A1 (fr) * 2012-04-04 2013-10-09 Dieter Wehrhahn Substrat pour l'utilisation dans les sols et procédé de fabrication dýun substrat
CN103694035A (zh) * 2013-12-02 2014-04-02 沃太能源南通有限公司 一种缓释型黄瓜无土栽培营养剂的制备方法
CN104276902A (zh) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-14 河南佳宜景观工程有限公司 一种轻质绿化基质及其制备方法
CN107473805A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-12-15 盐城工学院 一种秸秆炭基高吸水缓释肥料及其制备方法
CN107652051A (zh) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-02 陈荣立 利用香蕉皮制备毛竹轻基质的方法
CN107986915A (zh) * 2017-12-31 2018-05-04 镇江常青园林工程有限公司 一种生态基质肥

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418163A (en) * 1981-08-17 1983-11-29 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Water absorbing composite comprising inorganic powder encapsulated with a crosslinked carboxyl polymer
DE3328098A1 (de) * 1983-08-04 1985-02-21 R.Hubeny GmbH, 4402 Greven Mittel zur verbesserung der wasserhaltefaehigkeit von boeden
DE3446666C1 (de) * 1984-12-21 1986-02-20 R.Hubeny GmbH, 4402 Greven Mittel zur Verbesserung der Wasserhaltefähigkeit von Böden
FR2635333A1 (fr) * 1988-08-11 1990-02-16 Boulard Remi Procede pour le traitement des sols et produit pour sa mise en oeuvre

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418163A (en) * 1981-08-17 1983-11-29 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Water absorbing composite comprising inorganic powder encapsulated with a crosslinked carboxyl polymer
DE3328098A1 (de) * 1983-08-04 1985-02-21 R.Hubeny GmbH, 4402 Greven Mittel zur verbesserung der wasserhaltefaehigkeit von boeden
DE3446666C1 (de) * 1984-12-21 1986-02-20 R.Hubeny GmbH, 4402 Greven Mittel zur Verbesserung der Wasserhaltefähigkeit von Böden
FR2635333A1 (fr) * 1988-08-11 1990-02-16 Boulard Remi Procede pour le traitement des sols et produit pour sa mise en oeuvre

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2868906A1 (fr) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-21 Santiago Jimenez Produit pour obtenir un substrat, notamment pour fleurs coupees, substrat et bouquet ainsi obtenu
EP2647613A1 (fr) * 2012-04-04 2013-10-09 Dieter Wehrhahn Substrat pour l'utilisation dans les sols et procédé de fabrication dýun substrat
CN104276902A (zh) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-14 河南佳宜景观工程有限公司 一种轻质绿化基质及其制备方法
CN103694035A (zh) * 2013-12-02 2014-04-02 沃太能源南通有限公司 一种缓释型黄瓜无土栽培营养剂的制备方法
CN107473805A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-12-15 盐城工学院 一种秸秆炭基高吸水缓释肥料及其制备方法
CN107652051A (zh) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-02 陈荣立 利用香蕉皮制备毛竹轻基质的方法
CN107986915A (zh) * 2017-12-31 2018-05-04 镇江常青园林工程有限公司 一种生态基质肥

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001276307A1 (en) 2002-01-08

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