WO2002000408A2 - Procede de preparation de matieres synthetiques thermoplastiques comprenant un certain pourcentage de fibres naturelles - Google Patents

Procede de preparation de matieres synthetiques thermoplastiques comprenant un certain pourcentage de fibres naturelles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002000408A2
WO2002000408A2 PCT/DE2001/002245 DE0102245W WO0200408A2 WO 2002000408 A2 WO2002000408 A2 WO 2002000408A2 DE 0102245 W DE0102245 W DE 0102245W WO 0200408 A2 WO0200408 A2 WO 0200408A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polymer
fibers
fiber
polymer mixture
fibres
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002245
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002000408A3 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Pohl
Original Assignee
Gerhard Pohl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gerhard Pohl filed Critical Gerhard Pohl
Publication of WO2002000408A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002000408A2/fr
Publication of WO2002000408A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002000408A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B9/14—Making granules characterised by structure or composition fibre-reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of thermoplastic materials with fractions of native fibers and improved mechanical properties and is particularly suitable for producing granules of plastics modified in this way as semi-finished products for products produced by the injection molding process.
  • natural fibers are incorporated for flat molded articles made of plastics with proportions of native fibers such as interior trim parts for motor vehicles, in that, as described for example in DE OS 19836313.3, natural fiber composite mats which have at least one natural fiber layer and at least one thermoplastic plastic layer by heating and pressing in a press tool to form a molded part are formed, it is to be processed predominantly in injection molding processes in the case of more complicated shaped parts of useful fiber-reinforced polymers, in particular fiber-reinforced, thermoplastically processable polymers.
  • Such a process generally requires semi-finished products which already have the finished mixture of fibers and polymer, these semi-finished products being generally used as granules, agglomerates or pellets for injection molding processes.
  • the fibers have to be mixed with the polymer in a compounding process, fused and shaped into granules, agglomerates or pellets.
  • Extruders are often used to manufacture and process such fiber-reinforced semi-finished products made of polymer. Free-flowing fibers are metered into a melt of a thermoplastically processable polymer. B. in glass fibers gives a very homogeneous polymer-fiber mixture.
  • This compounding is for smooth fibrous materials in DE PS 43 14 852.2 using the example of a method for producing flame-retardant thermoplastic
  • PS 19822051.0 presents a device for the continuous dosing of light cut fibers with moderate to poor flowability for the production of thermoplastics or fiber-reinforced compounds by means of extrusion or compounding.
  • cut fibers carbon fibers, aramid fibers, LCP fibers, conventional synthetic fibers such as PA, PAN, PP PET and others, as well as cellulose regenerator and natural fibers
  • the withdrawal device of the cut fibers is controlled by a constant weighing process of a differential balance, on which the metering device stands, so that the cut fiber removal is kept largely constant.
  • Rough or strongly wavy bevels such as hemp or cotton fibers can only be processed to a limited extent or in small quantities.
  • OS 19834132.6 proposes another solution that involves a relatively high level of mechanical engineering.
  • This device for the production and preparation of composite materials, in particular of thermoplastic and natural fibers has a feed device for strand-like material.
  • This feed device opens axially into an annular space which is delimited on its circumference by an annular perforated die which is coated on the outside by at least one knife.
  • At least one friction vane rotates in the annular space, the effective flank of which forms an all-round plasticizing chamber with the inner wall of the perforated die.
  • the plasticizing chamber narrows against the direction of rotation of the friction wing and is closed off in the direction of rotation of the friction wing by a sealing segment.
  • the ring-shaped die is designed to rotate around the friction vane and the speed and direction of rotation of the die and the friction vane can be set independently of one another.
  • the fiber strand and plastic are mixed in the interior by the conveyors and pressed through the perforated die.
  • the fibers are not shortened until the strands of granules are separated.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a process for the production of thermoplastics, in particular those based on modified polypropylene and modified polyamides made of D-aminocaprolactam or polyoxymethylene and / or acrylic butyldiene styrene (ABS), by which these plastics are mixed by admixture native Fibers, in particular of the bast fibers type, can be equipped with good mechanical properties with a simultaneous reduction in mass.
  • the method should enable relatively long-fiber fibrils to be incorporated into the plastic in order to achieve sufficient strengths.
  • the mechanical engineering effort should be comparable to the processing of glass fibers.
  • this object is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1.
  • the further claims 2 to 7 describe meaningful refinements of the method by specifying the materials and parameters that are preferably to be used in the method.
  • thermoplastic materials with portions of native fibers and improved mechanical properties is based on the assumption that the free-flowing native fibers or fiber agglomerates are freed of any residual moisture by a pre-drying process.
  • spent grain or bagasse fibers are also proposed according to the invention.
  • the use of native fibers in the form of free-flowing fiber agglomerates has to be considered as a particularly effective step for the integration of larger textile components.
  • fiber pellets, fiber prepegs, fiber granules or small fabric sections made of native fibers, which are claimed as free-flowing fiber agglomerates all fiber connections that are not listed can be used, in which the fibers in free-flowing bodies are predominantly mechanically connected in such a way that the dressing has a small surface that is as smooth as possible. Another prerequisite is that the dressing can be completely dissolved by the mechanical stress that occurs when mixing and homogenizing.
  • the fibers and free-flowing fiber agglomerates are fed into a known tamping machine via gravimetric metering
  • Mixing chamber supplied and melted and mixed there with a polymer or polymer mixture optionally modified by adding additives with the addition of an adhesion promoter in an extruder at a temperature which is 1 to 5 ° C. above the melting point of the modified polymer or polymer mixture.
  • the fibers are fed through the tamping unit to the kneading zone of the extruder and mixed with the modified polymer or polymer mixture to form structures which are interlaced in a mesh-like manner.
  • the fact that the pitch of the kneading screw is 10 to 50% less than that of kneading screws for the addition of glass fibers ensures that the time in which the fibers are exposed to the highest thermal load can be significantly reduced.
  • the fiber-polymer mixture then leaves the mixing device after a dwell time of 2.0-3.0 minutes since the beginning of the mixing of the fibers into one or preferably several strands. This significantly reduces the throughput time and thus the thermal relief of the chamfers if a nozzle plate is used which has nozzle openings which are at least 10% larger than those used in the production of conventional polymer granules.
  • the strands thus spun can be granulated with known devices. With the proposed method it is possible to add between 4 and 30% native fibers calculated on the end product to the modified polymer or polymer mixture.
  • the invention can be implemented in particular by using a known screw conveyor with tamping rails arranged around the screw conveyor and running predominantly parallel to the axis of the screw conveyor as the tamping mechanism.
  • the modified polymer or polymer mixture may contain one or more of the substances polyamide, polypropylene, polyoxymethylene and / or acrylic butyldiene styrene (ABS) as the basic substance or mixture component.
  • ABS acrylic butyldiene styrene
  • a polypropylene-hemp fiber blend is made as follows to produce injection molded parts. Modified polypropylene with a melting temperature of 190 ° C is mixed with maleic anhydride in a ratio of 18: 1, fed via a first metering unit to the first heating zone of a twin-screw extruder and melted there at 193 ° C.
  • Pressed hemp fiber pellets are fed into the extruder via a second dosing unit, which have previously been dried to a residual moisture content of less than 0.3%.
  • the fiber pellets are dissolved into fiber by the kneading screw and the formation of mesh-like structures mixed with the polypropylene.
  • the pitch of the kneading screw is 30% less than that of kneading screws for adding glass fibers
  • the fiber-polymer mixture is passed over 8 heating zones while the temperature is reduced to 193 ° C. and then leaves the extruder after a dwell time of 2.0 minutes since the fibers were added.
  • a nozzle plate with eight nozzles with a diameter of 5 mm the mixture is formed into cylindrical strands, cooled and chopped into granules with a particle size of 6 * 6 mm.
  • the technical parameters to be achieved in this way are comparable to those of a mixture using glass fibers both in the tensile modulus of elasticity and in the Charpy impact strength, and are summarized in the following table in addition to the parameters of the following exemplary embodiments.
  • a polypropylene-hemp fiber blend is made as follows to produce injection molded parts.
  • Polypropylene with a melting temperature of 170 ° C is fed via a first metering unit to the first heating zone of a twin-screw extruder and melted there at 175 ° C.
  • Coarse fibers from the hemp beer production which have been wetted with an adhesion promoter, are fed into the extruder via a second dosing unit and have previously been dried to a residual moisture content of less than 0.3%.
  • the fibers are fed into the 6th heating zone of the extruder through two laterally arranged feed screws and mixed with the polypropylene to form structures which are swirled like a net.
  • the pitch of the kneading screw is 20% lower than that of kneading screws for adding glass fibers
  • the fiber-polymer mixture then leaves after a residence time of 2.4 minutes since the beginning of the admixing of the fibers.
  • a nozzle plate with eight nozzles with a diameter of 4.5 mm the mixture is formed into cylindrical strands, cooled and chopped into granules with a particle size of 6 * 6 mm.
  • the technical parameters to be achieved are summarized in the table above.
  • a polyamide-flax fiber mixture is produced as follows.
  • Polypropylene with a melting temperature of 215 ° C is mixed with maleic anhydride in a ratio of 16: 1, fed via a first metering unit to the first heating zone of a twin-screw extruder and melted there at 220 ° C.
  • chips from a chinenized linen fabric with an average edge length of 8 mm are fed to the extruder.
  • the fibers are introduced into the 7th heating zone of the extruder and form structures with the polypropylene which are intermingled in a network mixed.
  • the pitch of the kneading screw is 30% lower than that of kneading screws for the addition of glass fibers and processed as in Example 1.
  • the fabric sections used are extremely free-flowing due to the surface treatment of the fabric. Particularly long fiber sections can be worked in with this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant la préparation de matières synthétiques thermoplastiques comprenant un certain pourcentage de fibres naturelles, et ayant des propriétés mécaniques améliorées. La présente invention convient notamment à la production de granulés, constitués de matières synthétiques ainsi modifiées, utilisés comme demi-produits pour des produits réalisés par moulage par injection. L'invention a pour objet un procédé permettant aux matières synthétiques d'avoir de bonnes propriétés mécaniques tout en ayant une masse réduite, grâce à leur mélange avec des fibres naturelles notamment des fibres de type libériennes. A cet effet, sont utilisées des fibres naturelles se présentant sous la forme de morceaux de fibres, de pastilles de fibres, de pré-imprégnés de fibres, de granulés de fibres ou de petits morceaux de tissu. Les fibres sont introduites dans un compartiment de mélange, et sont ajoutées à un polymère ou à un mélange polymère dans une extrudeuse dans laquelle le pas de la vis de pétrissage est inférieur de 10 à 50 % à celui des vis de pétrissage utilisées pour le mélange avec des fibres de verre. Lesdites fibres sont introduites à une température supérieure de 1 à 5 °C au point de fusion du polymère ou mélange polymère modifié, le tout étant fondu et mélangé. Après un temps de séjour de 2,0 3,0 minutes à partir du début de l'adjonction des fibres, le mélange fibres-polymère est retiré du dispositif de mélange sous la forme d'un ou de préférence de plusieurs brins. Le procédé de l'invention permet l'adjonction de 4 à 30 % de fibres naturelles au polymère ou mélange polymère modifié, ce pourcentage étant calculé en fonction du produit fini.
PCT/DE2001/002245 2000-06-29 2001-06-16 Procede de preparation de matieres synthetiques thermoplastiques comprenant un certain pourcentage de fibres naturelles WO2002000408A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10029203.8 2000-06-29
DE10029203A DE10029203A1 (de) 2000-06-29 2000-06-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung thermoplastischer Kunststoffe mit Anteilen nativer Fasern

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002000408A2 true WO2002000408A2 (fr) 2002-01-03
WO2002000408A3 WO2002000408A3 (fr) 2002-07-18

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PCT/DE2001/002245 WO2002000408A2 (fr) 2000-06-29 2001-06-16 Procede de preparation de matieres synthetiques thermoplastiques comprenant un certain pourcentage de fibres naturelles

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DE (1) DE10029203A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002000408A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011088487A1 (fr) * 2010-01-20 2011-07-28 Erema Engineering Recycling Maschinen Und Anlagen Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procédé de fabrication d'une matière polymère chargée par des fibres plus longues
FR3082846A1 (fr) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-27 Faurecia Interieur Industrie Composition a base de fibres naturelles et de polypropylene homopolymere pulverulent

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1799414B1 (fr) 2004-09-21 2016-11-23 Cordenka GmbH & Co. KG Pastilles coulantes a base de fibres textiles cellulosiques, leur procede de production et leur utilisation
US12071540B2 (en) * 2021-06-01 2024-08-27 Xerox Corporation Polymer filaments for additive manufacturing having reduced emissions

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0165093A1 (fr) * 1984-04-27 1985-12-18 Clextral Procédé de fabrication d'un produit composite constitué d'un mélange de particules cellulosiques et d'un liant thermoplastique
EP0610619A1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-17 Andersen Corporation Procédé l'extrusion d'un granulat
US5938994A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-08-17 Kevin P. Gohr Method for manufacturing of plastic wood-fiber pellets
DE19822051C1 (de) * 1998-05-16 1999-09-23 Thueringisches Inst Textil Dosiervorrichtung für Kurzschnittfasern
DE19835983A1 (de) * 1998-08-08 2000-02-17 Rettenmaier & Soehne Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Haftfestigkeit von zu Verstärkungszwecken in thermoplastischen Kunststoff eingebrachten cellulosischen Naturfasern

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0165093A1 (fr) * 1984-04-27 1985-12-18 Clextral Procédé de fabrication d'un produit composite constitué d'un mélange de particules cellulosiques et d'un liant thermoplastique
EP0610619A1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-17 Andersen Corporation Procédé l'extrusion d'un granulat
US5938994A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-08-17 Kevin P. Gohr Method for manufacturing of plastic wood-fiber pellets
DE19822051C1 (de) * 1998-05-16 1999-09-23 Thueringisches Inst Textil Dosiervorrichtung für Kurzschnittfasern
DE19835983A1 (de) * 1998-08-08 2000-02-17 Rettenmaier & Soehne Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Haftfestigkeit von zu Verstärkungszwecken in thermoplastischen Kunststoff eingebrachten cellulosischen Naturfasern

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011088487A1 (fr) * 2010-01-20 2011-07-28 Erema Engineering Recycling Maschinen Und Anlagen Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procédé de fabrication d'une matière polymère chargée par des fibres plus longues
US8661705B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2014-03-04 Erema Engineering Recycling Maschinen Und Anlagen Gesellschaft M.B.H Method for producing a polymer material filled with long fibers
FR3082846A1 (fr) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-27 Faurecia Interieur Industrie Composition a base de fibres naturelles et de polypropylene homopolymere pulverulent
US11485842B2 (en) 2018-06-22 2022-11-01 Faurecia Interieur Industrie Natural fibers and powdery polypropylene homopolymer based composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002000408A3 (fr) 2002-07-18
DE10029203A1 (de) 2002-01-17

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