WO2001077260A1 - Combustible destine a un systeme de piles a combustible - Google Patents

Combustible destine a un systeme de piles a combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001077260A1
WO2001077260A1 PCT/JP2001/003089 JP0103089W WO0177260A1 WO 2001077260 A1 WO2001077260 A1 WO 2001077260A1 JP 0103089 W JP0103089 W JP 0103089W WO 0177260 A1 WO0177260 A1 WO 0177260A1
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fuel
volume
fuel cell
cell system
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PCT/JP2001/003089
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenichirou Saitou
Iwao Anzai
Osamu Sadakane
Michiro Matsubara
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Nippon Oil Corporation
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Priority to AU46885/01A priority Critical patent/AU4688501A/en
Priority to JP2001575114A priority patent/JP4598890B2/ja
Publication of WO2001077260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001077260A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
    • C01B3/583—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction the reaction being the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
    • C01B2203/044—Selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/0495—Composition of the impurity the impurity being water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel used for a fuel cell system.
  • hydrogen is advantageous in that it does not require a special reformer, but because it is a gas at room temperature, it has problems with storage and mounting on vehicles, etc. Special equipment power is required. Also, there is a high risk of bow I fire, so care must be taken when handling.
  • methanol is advantageous in that it is relatively easy to reform hydrogen, but the power generation capacity per weight ⁇ ! Because it is toxic, it requires careful handling. In addition, since it is corrosive, special equipment is required for storage and supply. As described above, no fuel has yet been developed to achieve the full potential of the fuel cell system. In particular, as the fuel for a fuel cell system, it is often the power generation amount per weight, it generation amount of C 0 2 emissions per often, good fuel economy power s of the entire fuel cell system, evaporative emission (evaporative E Mission ) Low power, reforming catalyst, water gas shift reaction catalyst, carbon monoxide removal catalyst, fuel cell stack, etc.
  • evaporative emission evaporative E Mission
  • the system startup time power s It must be short, have good storage stability, and have good handling properties such as the bow I fire point.
  • the amount of power generated by subtracting the required amount of heat is the power generation of the entire fuel cell system. Therefore, the temperature force required for reforming the fuel 5 'low force 5' preheating energy J is more advantageous, and the system start-up time force S is shorter and more advantageous. It is also necessary that the calorific value per weight be small.
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have found that a fuel containing a specific amount of a carbon hydride compound having a specific carbon number is suitable for a fuel cell system.
  • the fuel for a fuel cell system according to the present invention is:
  • the content of hydrocarbon compounds having 4 carbon atoms is 15% by volume or less, the content of hydrocarbon compounds having 5 carbon atoms is 5% by volume or more, and the content of hydrocarbon compounds having 6 carbon atoms is contained. Is 10% by volume or more, the total content of hydrocarbon compounds having 7 and 8 carbon atoms is 20% by volume or more, and the total content of hydrocarbon compounds having 10 or more carbon atoms is 2% by volume. It is not more than 0% by volume.
  • the fuel containing the specific amount of the carbon hydride compound having the specific carbon number satisfy the following additional requirements.
  • a fuel for a fuel cell system having a saturated content of 30% by volume or more having a saturated content of 30% by volume or more.
  • a fuel for a fuel cell system having an aromatic content of 50% by volume or less is a fuel for a fuel cell system having an aromatic content of 50% by volume or less.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a steam reforming type fuel cell system used for evaluating the fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front chart of a partial oxidation fuel cell system used for evaluating fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • the amount of the hydrocarbon compound having a specific carbon number is as follows.
  • the content of hydrocarbon compounds with 4 carbon atoms indicates the content of hydrocarbon compounds with 4 carbon atoms based on the total amount of fuel, and keeps the amount of evaporative gas (evaporation) low. From the point of 3 'good, such as flash point, it is necessary to be 15% by volume or less, force is required, 10% by volume or less force is preferable, 5% by volume or less Force most preferred.
  • the content of the hydrocarbon compounds having 5 carbon atoms indicates the content of hydrocarbon compounds having a carbon number of 5 relative to the fuel total amount, it is often the power generation amount per weight, CO 2 occurs It must be at least 5% by volume because of the large amount of power generated per unit and the good fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole, and at least 10% by volume. Force s, preferably 15% by volume or more, more preferably 20% by volume or more, even more preferably 25% by volume or more, and more preferably 30% by volume or more. s most preferred.
  • the content of hydrocarbon compounds with 6 carbon atoms indicates the content of hydrocarbon compounds with 6 carbon atoms based on the total amount of fuel. 10% by volume or more is required because of the overall fuel efficiency, s, good, etc. Power S is required, 15% by volume or more is preferable, 20% by volume or more is more preferable, and 25% by volume is more preferable More preferably, it is more preferably at least 30% by volume.
  • the total content (V. (C 7 ten C 8)), the hydrocarbon compound fuels total amount number 7 and the carbon relative to the 8 hydrocarbon compounds having 7 and 8 carbon atoms the total amount, it is often the power generation amount per weight, C0 2 that the power generation amount of emissions per often, the fuel cell system as a whole fuel power s of, etc. good, is 20 capacity% or more Force 5 'is required, preferably at least 25% by volume, more preferably at least 30% by volume, even more preferably at least 35% by volume, and at least 40% by volume preferable.
  • the content of the hydrocarbon compound having 10 or more carbon atoms means that the amount of power generation per CO 2 generation amount is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, and the deterioration of the Bji catalyst is low.
  • Small initial capacity s Because of the ability to last for a long time, etc., the total amount of hydrocarbon compounds having 10 or more carbon atoms (V (do +)) should be 20% by volume or less based on the total amount of fuel. %, More preferably 5% by volume or less.
  • V (C 4 ), V (C 5 ), V (C 6 ), V (Cv + Ce), and V (C io +) described above are values determined by the gas chromatography method shown below. is there .
  • a column of methyl silicon capillary ram is used for the column, helium or nitrogen is used for the carrier gas, and a hydrogen ionization detector (FID) is used for the detector.
  • the power ram length is 25 to 50 m
  • the carrier gas flow is 0.5 to 1.5 ml Zmin, split ratio 1: 50-1: 250, inlet temperature 150-250 ° C, initial column temperature—10-10 ° C, final column temperature 150-250.
  • C detector temperature 150-250 ° C It is a value measured under the conditions.
  • the sulfur content of the fuel of the present invention the deterioration of the fuel cell system such as a reforming catalyst, a water gas shift reaction catalyst, a carbon monoxide removal catalyst, a fuel cell stack, etc. is small and the initial capacity S is small.
  • the amount is 50 mass ppm or less, more preferably 30 mass ppm or less, even more preferably 10 mass ppm or less, based on the total fuel amount. it is even more preferably more that ppm or less, 0.1 ppm by mass or less der Rukoto force 5 'most preferred.
  • the sulfur content is 1 mass ppm or more
  • the sulfur content measured according to JISK 2541 “Sulfur content test method for crude oil and petroleum products” is used. If the sulfur content is less than 1 mass PPm, ASTM D4045-96 “Standard Test It means the sulfur content measured by the "Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetr”.
  • the content of each of the saturated component, the olefin component and the aromatic component is not limited, but the saturated component (V (S)) is 30% by volume or more, and the olefin component (V (0)) is 35% by volume. % Or less, and the aromatic content (V (Ar)) is preferably 50% by volume or less.
  • the saturated component (V (S)) is 30% by volume or more
  • the olefin component (V (0)) is 35% by volume. % Or less
  • the aromatic content (V (Ar)) is preferably 50% by volume or less.
  • V (S) is often power generation amount per weight, C0 that power generation amount per 2 generation amount is large, good fuel economy force of the entire fuel cell system, it is not less THC force S in the exhaust gas, the system Because of the short start-up force S, it should be at least 30% by volume, preferably at least 40% by volume, more preferably at least 50% by volume, even more preferably at least 60% by volume. Even more preferably, it is even more preferably 70% by volume or more, even more preferably 80% by volume or more, even more preferably 90% by volume or more. It is most preferable that the capacity is not less than% by volume.
  • the force S is preferably 35% by volume or less, more preferably 25% by volume or less, and still more preferably 20% by volume or less. Even more preferably, it is 5% by volume or less, and most preferably, it is 10% by volume or less. .
  • the power s' is preferably 50% by volume or less, and more preferably 45% by volume or less. More preferably, it is even more preferably 40% by volume or less, still more preferably 35% by volume or less, even more preferably 30% by volume or less, and more preferably 20% by volume or less. still more preferably Ri by further that, 1 0 more preferably from more or less volume percent, that force s most preferably less than 5 volume%.
  • the preferred range of the sulfur content and the preferred range of the aromatic content be satisfied while two, since the deterioration of the three-way catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time.
  • V (S), V (0) and V (A r) are all values measured by the fluorescent indicator adsorption method of JIS K 2'53 36 "Petroleum products-hydrocarbon type test method".
  • the paraffin content is at least 60% by volume, more preferably at least 65% by volume, even more preferably at least 70% by volume, and at least 75% by volume. Is still more preferably 80% by volume or more, still more preferably 85% by volume or more, even more preferably 85% by volume or more, and even more preferably 90% by volume or more. Most preferably, it is 95% by volume or more.
  • the above-mentioned saturated content and paraffin content are values determined by the above-described gas chromatography method.
  • the percentage of branched paraffin in the paraffin should be 30% by volume or more.
  • the force S is preferably 50% by volume or more, more preferably 50% by volume or more, and most preferably 70% by volume or more.
  • the above-mentioned paraffin content and the amount of branched paraffin are values determined by the above-mentioned gas chromatography method.
  • the fuel production base material of the present invention are light naphtha, desulfurized full-range naphtha obtained by desulfurizing a naphtha fraction obtained by distilling crude oil, desulfurized light naphtha, isomerized gasoline, and alkylate.
  • Desulfurized hydrocarbons such as desulfurized alkylate and desulfurized isobutane and desulfurized lower-olefin Low-sulfurized alkylate, desulfurized light cracked gasoline obtained by desulfurizing a light fraction of cracked gasoline, light fraction of GTL, desulfurized LPG obtained by desulfurizing LPG, etc.
  • additives such as a lubricity improver can also be added.
  • the colorant is preferably 10 ppm or less, more preferably 5 ppm or less, since the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial ability s can be maintained for a long time.
  • the antioxidant is preferably 300 ppm or less, more preferably 200 ppm or less, still more preferably 1 ppm or less, and most preferably 1 ppm or less.
  • the metal deactivator is preferably 50 ppm or less, more preferably 30 ppm or less, still more preferably 1 Oppm or less, and most preferably 5 ppm or less.
  • the corrosion inhibitor is preferably 5 Oppm or less, more preferably 3 Oppm or less, further preferably 1 Oppm or less, more preferably 5 ppm or less.
  • the content of the detergent is preferably 300 ppm or less, more preferably 200 pm or less, and preferably 100 ppm or less.
  • the lubricity improver preferably has a force of 300 ppm or less, more preferably 200 ppm or less, and even more preferably 100 ppm or less.
  • the fuel of the present invention is used as a fuel for a fuel cell system.
  • the fuel cell system according to the present invention includes a fuel reformer, a carbon monoxide purifying device, a fuel cell, and the like, and the fuel of the present invention is suitably used for any fuel cell system.
  • the fuel reformer is for reforming the fuel to obtain hydrogen, which is the fuel of the fuel cell.
  • a reformer specifically, for example,
  • a steam reforming reformer that mixes fuel with heated gas and steam and heats it in a catalyst such as copper, nickel, platinum, or ruthenium to obtain a product containing hydrogen as a main component.
  • the heated and vaporized fuel is mixed with steam and air, and the partial oxidation reforming of (2) is performed in the former stage of the catalyst layer of copper, nickel, platinum, ruthenium, etc., and in the latter stage, the partial oxidation reaction
  • the steam reforming of (1) is performed by utilizing the heat generation of the steam to form a partial oxygen-steam reforming reformer that obtains a product containing hydrogen as a main component.
  • the carbon monoxide purifier removes carbon monoxide contained in the gas generated by the above reformer and becomes a catalyst poison of the fuel cell.
  • a selective oxidation reactor that converts carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide by mixing the reformed gas with compressed air and reacting it in a catalyst such as platinum or ruthenium is mentioned. used.
  • fuel cells include polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). ) And the like.
  • PEFC polymer electrolyte fuel cells
  • PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cells
  • MCFC molten carbonate fuel cells
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cells
  • the fuel cell system as described above is used for electric vehicles, conventional hybrid vehicles with an engine and electricity, portable power supplies, distributed power supplies, home power supplies, cogeneration systems, and the like.
  • the properties of the base material used for each fuel in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the heat capacity and latent heat of vaporization are the contents of each component determined by the gas chromatography method described above. And the unit for each component described in “Vo 1.1, Cha. 1 Gene ra 1 Data, Table 1 C 1” of “Techni cal Data Book—Petro 1 eum Refining”. It was calculated based on the numerical value per weight.
  • Table 3 shows the properties of each fuel used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
  • the fuel and water were vaporized by electric heating and charged to a reformer, which was filled with a noble metal catalyst and maintained at a specified temperature with an electric heater, to generate reformed gas rich in hydrogen.
  • the temperature of the reformer was set to the lowest temperature at which reforming was performed completely at the initial stage of the test (the lowest temperature at which the reformed gas did not contain THC power).
  • the reformed gas is guided to a carbon monoxide treatment device (water gas shift reaction) together with water vapor, and the carbon monoxide in the reformed gas is converted to carbon dioxide.
  • the generated gas is then guided to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate electricity. Done.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of the steam reforming type fuel cell system used for the evaluation.
  • the fuel was vaporized by electric heating, filled with a precious metal catalyst together with preheated air, and led to a reformer maintained at 110 ° C by an electric heater to generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas.
  • the reformed gas is led to a carbon monoxide treatment device (water gas shift reaction) together with water vapor to convert carbon monoxide in the reformed gas into carbon dioxide, and the generated gas is guided to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate electricity.
  • a carbon monoxide treatment device water gas shift reaction
  • Figure 2 shows a flowchart of the partial oxidation fuel cell system used for the evaluation.
  • Evaluation H 2 CO in the reformed gas generated from the reformer immediately after the start of the test, were measured for C 0 2, THC amount. Also, H 2, CO, fuel C 0 2, immediately after the evaluation test started was measured for THC content and start 1 0 0 hour after the reformed gas generated carbon monoxide processor power et immediately after the start of the evaluation test was measured the amount of power generated by the battery, the amount of fuel consumed, and the amount of CO 2 emitted from the fuel cell. The amount of heat (preheat amount) required to guide each fuel to a predetermined reformer temperature was calculated from the heat capacity and latent heat of vaporization.
  • Bj performance degradation rate of the quality catalyst (power generation 100 hours after test start / power generation immediately after test start)
  • thermal efficiency power generation immediately after test start
  • preheat amount ratio preheat amount Z power generation amount
  • a sample filling hose was attached to the filler port of a 20-litre gasoline carrying can, and the attachment part was completely sealed. Each liter was filled with 5 liters of fuel while the vent valve of the can was open. After filling, the air vent valve was closed and left for 30 minutes. After standing, an activated carbon adsorption device was attached to the tip of the air release valve, and the valve was opened. Immediately, 10 liters of each fuel was supplied from the filler port. Five minutes after refueling, leaving the air release valve open, the activated carbon was allowed to absorb steam, and then the weight of the activated carbon was measured. The test was performed at a constant temperature of 25 ° C.
  • Each fuel was filled in a pressure-resistant sealed container together with oxygen, heated to 100 ° C., allowed to stand for 24 hours while maintaining the temperature, and evaluated by the real gum test method specified in JIS K2261.
  • Table 4 shows the measured values and calculated values.
  • Optimum plasticizer temperature 1 ⁇ ° c
  • the fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention is a fuel that can obtain high-output electric energy with a small performance deterioration ratio and that satisfies various performances for a fuel cell.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un combustible destiné à un système de piles à combustible contenant des composés d'hydrocarbure renfermant quatre atomes de carbone dans une proportion inférieure ou égale à 15 % en volume, des composés d'hydrocarbure renfermant cinq atomes de carbone dans une proportion supérieure ou égale à 5 % en volume, des composés d'hydrocarbure renfermant six atomes de carbone dans une proportion supérieure ou égale à 10 % en volume, des composés d'hydrocarbure renfermant sept ou huit atomes de carbone dans une proportion totale supérieure ou égale à 20 % en volume, et des composés d'hydrocarbure renfermant au moins dix atomes de carbone dans une proportion inférieure ou égale à 20 % en volume. Ce combustible offre une production accrue d'énergie par rapport à son poids et à la quantité de CO2 formé. Il présente une consommation de combustible améliorée, une émission de vapeurs réduite et des propriétés de traitement satisfaisantes (stabilité au stockage, point d'éclair, etc.), et requiert une quantité réduite de calories pour le préchauffage. Par ailleurs, ce combustible permet à un système de piles à combustible de conserver son rendement initial pendant une durée prolongée étant donné qu'il contribue à limiter la détérioration d'un système de piles à combustible comprenant un catalyseur de reformage, un catalyseur de conversion de gaz à l'eau, un catalyseur d'élimination de monoxyde de carbone et un empilement de piles à combustible.
PCT/JP2001/003089 2000-04-10 2001-04-10 Combustible destine a un systeme de piles a combustible WO2001077260A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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AU46885/01A AU4688501A (en) 2000-04-10 2001-04-10 Fuel for use in fuel cell system
JP2001575114A JP4598890B2 (ja) 2000-04-10 2001-04-10 燃料電池システム用燃料

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JP2000107836 2000-04-10
JP2000-107836 2000-04-10

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2560771A (en) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-26 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle
GB2560773A (en) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-26 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle
US11434021B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2022-09-06 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle
US11505328B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2022-11-22 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle

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JPS63150380A (ja) * 1986-12-13 1988-06-23 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 改良灯油
JPH03199294A (ja) * 1989-12-27 1991-08-30 Sekiyu Sangyo Katsuseika Center 石油系燃料を分解脱硫し改質原料とする方法
JPH0570780A (ja) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-23 Sekiyu Sangyo Kasseika Center 中軽質油の深度脱硫方法
JPH11236580A (ja) * 1997-12-18 1999-08-31 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 無鉛ガソリン組成物
JP2000012061A (ja) * 1998-06-23 2000-01-14 Masayoshi Ishida 燃料電池発電装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63150380A (ja) * 1986-12-13 1988-06-23 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 改良灯油
JPH03199294A (ja) * 1989-12-27 1991-08-30 Sekiyu Sangyo Katsuseika Center 石油系燃料を分解脱硫し改質原料とする方法
JPH0570780A (ja) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-23 Sekiyu Sangyo Kasseika Center 中軽質油の深度脱硫方法
JPH11236580A (ja) * 1997-12-18 1999-08-31 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 無鉛ガソリン組成物
JP2000012061A (ja) * 1998-06-23 2000-01-14 Masayoshi Ishida 燃料電池発電装置

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2560771A (en) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-26 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle
GB2560773A (en) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-26 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle
US11434021B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2022-09-06 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle
US11505328B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2022-11-22 Bae Systems Plc Electrical power generation on a vehicle

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AU4688501A (en) 2001-10-23
JPWO2001077260A1 (ja) 2004-01-15
JP4598890B2 (ja) 2010-12-15

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