WO2001065243A1 - Verfahren zur identifikation des flors von textilen materialien, insbesondere zur kennung von pa 6 und pa 66 in teppichböden - Google Patents
Verfahren zur identifikation des flors von textilen materialien, insbesondere zur kennung von pa 6 und pa 66 in teppichböden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001065243A1 WO2001065243A1 PCT/DE2001/000528 DE0100528W WO0165243A1 WO 2001065243 A1 WO2001065243 A1 WO 2001065243A1 DE 0100528 W DE0100528 W DE 0100528W WO 0165243 A1 WO0165243 A1 WO 0165243A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- measurement
- carpets
- cleaning
- spectrum
- identifying
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019655 synthetic inorganic crystalline material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/44—Resins; Plastics; Rubber; Leather
- G01N33/442—Resins; Plastics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/36—Textiles
- G01N33/367—Fabric or woven textiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/732—Floor coverings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for identifying the pile of textile materials, in particular for identifying PA 6 and PA 66 in carpets according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Polyamide 6 and polyamide 6.6 are used in particular as the pile material for carpets. If new or already used carpets are to be recycled, PA 6 and PA 6.6 must be identified in order to be able to separate the carpets for recycling.
- PA 6 and PA 6.6 are dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid.
- GW Bekker, D. Braun, "Polyamide”, Plastic Manual, Vol 3/4, Carl Hauser Verlag, Kunststoff-Vienna, 1998 When choosing suitable parameters and a measuring time of about 6 hours in a 400 MHz NMR spectrometer, it is then possible to identify PA 6 and PA 6.6.
- DE 196 01 923 C1 describes a method and a device for recognizing organic substances. It is an IR spectroscopic method in which radiation in the wavelength range of two to four ⁇ m is used and unmodulated radiation is used. This method can be used to identify plastics, including polyamides. A distinction between the polyamides PA 6 and PA 6.6, which are very similar to IR spectroscopy, and the identification of a PA 6-PA 6.6 mixture as the rest are hardly possible using this method.
- a method for the qualitative analysis of plastic particles - is known according to the teaching of DE-publication 41 02 767 AI.
- the method is based on emission spectral analysis, preferably fluorescence or Raman spectral analysis.
- This method uses short-wave light (100 to 500 nm), preferably UV light (180 to 400 nm). This radiation is unsuitable for the identification of textile materials, especially soiled old carpets, since the fluorescence spectrum due to contamination overlaps the Raman spectrum used for identification.
- the present invention has for its object to develop a method for the identification of textile materials, such as carpets and in particular for the identification of PA 6 or PA 6.6 in carpets, which enables automatic sorting with substance-specific separation of the aforementioned textile materials in order to clean them to be able to manufacture high-quality granules.
- the textile materials are e.g. Before the measurement, carpets are briefly cleaned with a high-pressure water or steam jet, the adsorbed water is blown off with compressed air, subsequently deep-frozen if necessary, and then immediately subjected to a Raman spectroscopic measurement.
- the textile materials are preferably suspended from the cleaning and measuring device.
- the medium is sprayed on at an angle of 30-60 ° to the level of the textile material via a nozzle.
- the angle of incidence of the cleaning medium is preferably 45 °.
- the cleaning agent should have a temperature of up to 100 ° C. Suitable temperatures are 78-85 ° C. Suitable amounts of detergent for the textile material for carrying out a measuring interval are 50 to 400 ml. Good results are achieved with amounts of 100 to 200 ml. Quantities of 100 ml are particularly suitable.
- the adsorbed water is then blown off with compressed air.
- the distances are between 2-10 cm. To achieve good results, the distance should be 3-7 cm, preferably 4 cm.
- Raman spectroscopy makes it possible to clean the textile material to be examined with water immediately before the vibration spectroscopic identification, since the water does not overlap the spectrum of the polyamides in the Raman spectrum.
- the cleaned and cooled textile material e.g. B.
- a carpet is immediately subjected to the Raman spectroscopic examination. It is essential to the invention that the slot-shaped outlet opening or the sapphire window of the Raman probe with a pressure of 1.0-20 kp / cm 2 , preferably 2.5 kp / cm 2 - 7.5 kp / cm 2 perpendicular to the textile Material, for example, a carpet is pressed and the laser beam hits the textile material in a punctiform manner.
- Special pressure ranges are between 4-6 kp / cm 2 and in particular the probe is pressed onto the textile material with a pressure of 5.2 kp / cm 2 .
- a measurement interval extends over a period of 2-25 seconds, in which the probe covers a distance of up to 25 mm perpendicular to the plane of the textile material. Within the measuring section, a spectrum is measured approximately every 0.2 mm. This results in a larger measured area and avoids error results that could otherwise result from impurities still present on the measuring surface.
- the measurement is preferably carried out with a probe with a slot for the exit of the laser beam.
- the probe with a slot is placed on the textile material e.g. B. a carpet, moved parallel to the carpet level and perpendicular to the slot direction.
- a vector normalization of the test spectra is carried out and the vector-standardized spectrum is obtained.
- the vector standardized spectrum is compared with reference spectra. It is also possible to obtain certain functions from the vector-standardized spectra as well as from the reference spectra using mathematical operations, which are then compared with one another.
- the measurements to determine the spectral distance of the required reference spectra are carried out in the temperature range from -40 ° to + 180 ° C.
- the resolution for generating the reference or the spectra from the analyzed material is 8-20 cm "" 1 .
- the sample to be examined must be identified as PA 6 if the minimum spectral distance between the vector-standardized spectrum of the sample to be examined and one of the vector-standardized PA6 reference spectra in the wave number range of 2834 cm -1 - 2973 cm -1 is 0.070 or if the minimum spectral distance between the vector normalized spectrum of the sample to be examined and one of the vector standardized PA6 reference spectra in the wavenumber range from 1218 cm -1 to 1345 cm -1 is 0.25.
- the sample to be examined is to be identified as PA 6.6 if the minimum spectral distance between the vector-standardized spectrum of the sample to be examined and one of the vector-standardized PA 6.6 reference spectra in the wave number range of 2800 cm -1 - 3000 cm -1 is 0.070 or if is the minimum spectral distance between the vector standardized spectrum of the sample to be examined and one of the vector standardized PA 6.6 reference spectra in the wavenumber range of 1256 cm -1 - 1329 cm "" 1 0.25.
- the method according to the invention provides a fast method suitable for industrial use for the reliable identification of PA 6 and PA 6.6 in textile materials, such as carpets.
- the prior cleaning of the textile material and the simultaneous rapid cooling create ideal conditions for the Raman spectroscopic measurement. Negative effects such as the influence of thermal emissions, the melting of the material to be examined on the probe, high sample preparation effort and long analysis times are eliminated by the method according to the invention.
- a dirty carpet is hung on a transport device with clips.
- the amount of water used is 20 ml, the distance from the nozzle to the carpet is 30 cm.
- cooling is carried out with liquid nitrogen.
- the Raman probe In the transport direction after the nozzle is the Raman probe, which is pressed at the previously cleaned point with a pressure of 5 kp / cm 2 perpendicular to the pile of the carpet. The contact pressure creates the most compact possible fiber area.
- the probe is provided with a slit through which the laser beam hits the sample. The Raman scattered light also falls back into the probe through the slit.
- the laser beam is moved along the slot opening in 10 seconds and a pile area of 20 mm is detected, a spectrum being measured every 2 mm.
- a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (Nd: YAG laser) with a wave number of 9389 cm -1 is used as the laser and a germanium cooled with liquid nitrogen as the detector in the Raman spectrometer Detector used.
- This type of laser makes it possible to switch off the fluorescence effects of the cleaned carpet, or at least to minimize it to a great extent.
- the spectra of 5-8 carpets are measured with a pile of pure PA 6 or PA 6.6 under the same conditions in pretreatment and measurement as for the unknown carpets.
- the respective values for a vector-standardized spectrum for pure PA 6 or pure PA 6.6 are formed from the measured values obtained.
- the vector-standardized spectrum of the carpet examined is compared with the vector-standardized reference spectra for the pure PA 6 or pure PA 6.6.
- the spectral distance between the vector-normalized spectrum of the old carpet and the vector-normalized spectrum of the pure PA 6.6 reference sample lies in the wave number range of 2800-3000 cm -1 at 0.070 or at a wave number range of 1256-1329 cm -1 at 0.26 , the material in the examined old carpet is PA 6.6.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01911445A EP1261858A2 (de) | 2000-02-28 | 2001-02-06 | Verfahren zur identifikation des flors von textilen materialien, insbesondere zur kennung von pa 6 und pa 6. in teppichböden |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10011254A DE10011254C2 (de) | 2000-02-28 | 2000-02-28 | Verfahren zur Identifikation des Flors von textilen Materialien, insbesondere zur Kennung von PA 6 und PA 66 in Teppichböden |
DE10011254.4 | 2000-02-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001065243A1 true WO2001065243A1 (de) | 2001-09-07 |
WO2001065243A8 WO2001065243A8 (de) | 2002-03-07 |
Family
ID=7633952
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/000528 WO2001065243A1 (de) | 2000-02-28 | 2001-02-06 | Verfahren zur identifikation des flors von textilen materialien, insbesondere zur kennung von pa 6 und pa 66 in teppichböden |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1261858A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10011254C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001065243A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101285773B (zh) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-04-14 | 浙江大学 | 混纺织物组分的拉曼光谱定性检测方法 |
CN111660459A (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-15 | 陆燕萍 | 一种环保型塑料制品加工系统 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5256880A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1993-10-26 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the qualitative analysis of plastic particles |
WO1997002481A1 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-01-23 | Dsm N.V. | Identifying recycable carpet materials using a hand-held infrared spectrometer |
DE19543134A1 (de) * | 1995-11-18 | 1997-05-22 | Dietrich Dr Wienke | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur getrennten Erfassung von Wertstoffen - insbesondere von Kunststoffverpackungen - in Form dezentral aufstellbarer sensorbetriebener intelligenter Container |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4310470C1 (de) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-01-27 | Rainer Rauschenbach | Vorrichtung für die Behandlung von Oberflächen |
US5952660A (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1999-09-14 | Dsm N.V. & Institut Fur Chemo | Method of identifying post consumer or post industrial waste carpet utilizing a hand-held infrared spectrometer |
DE19601923C1 (de) * | 1996-01-12 | 1997-07-24 | Inst Chemo Biosensorik | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erkennen organischer Substanzen |
-
2000
- 2000-02-28 DE DE10011254A patent/DE10011254C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-02-06 EP EP01911445A patent/EP1261858A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-02-06 WO PCT/DE2001/000528 patent/WO2001065243A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5256880A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1993-10-26 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the qualitative analysis of plastic particles |
WO1997002481A1 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-01-23 | Dsm N.V. | Identifying recycable carpet materials using a hand-held infrared spectrometer |
DE19543134A1 (de) * | 1995-11-18 | 1997-05-22 | Dietrich Dr Wienke | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur getrennten Erfassung von Wertstoffen - insbesondere von Kunststoffverpackungen - in Form dezentral aufstellbarer sensorbetriebener intelligenter Container |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101285773B (zh) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-04-14 | 浙江大学 | 混纺织物组分的拉曼光谱定性检测方法 |
CN111660459A (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-15 | 陆燕萍 | 一种环保型塑料制品加工系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10011254A1 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
WO2001065243A8 (de) | 2002-03-07 |
DE10011254C2 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
EP1261858A2 (de) | 2002-12-04 |
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