WO2001059397A1 - Gilet balistique - Google Patents

Gilet balistique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001059397A1
WO2001059397A1 PCT/NL2001/000091 NL0100091W WO0159397A1 WO 2001059397 A1 WO2001059397 A1 WO 2001059397A1 NL 0100091 W NL0100091 W NL 0100091W WO 0159397 A1 WO0159397 A1 WO 0159397A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vest
stack
fabric
fibres
layers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2001/000091
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Hubertus Wilhelmus Steeghs
Marc Blaauw
Wilhelmus Alphonsus Raymundus Maria Pessers
Jan Lodewijk Lindemulder
Original Assignee
Dsm N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dsm N.V. filed Critical Dsm N.V.
Priority to AT01910221T priority Critical patent/ATE535772T1/de
Priority to CA002399538A priority patent/CA2399538C/fr
Priority to AU2001237801A priority patent/AU2001237801A1/en
Priority to EP01910221A priority patent/EP1269103B1/fr
Publication of WO2001059397A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001059397A1/fr
Priority to US10/215,262 priority patent/US20030037361A1/en
Priority to US11/007,330 priority patent/US7114186B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ballistic vest containing a stack of flexible fabrics and a stack of flexible unidirectional layers, in which the fabrics contain strong fibres of a first kind, the unidirectional layers contain strong fibres of a second kind, and in which the fibres in a unidirectional layer run essentially parallel and are disposed at an angle to fibres in an adjacent layer which is greater than 0 degrees
  • the invention more particularly relates to vests that provide protection against hollow-point bullets
  • a ballistic vest consisting of a stack of flexible plain weave fabric layers and a stack of flexible unidirectional layers, herein referred to as UD layers, in which the fibres run essentially parallel and are disposed at an angle of 90 degrees to the fibres in an adjacent layer
  • UD cross-ply Such a stack of at least two cross-plied UD layers is herein referred to as a UD cross-ply US 5,926,842 teaches that the UD cross-plies are preferably located on a strike side of the vest A vest of this kind with an areal density of approx 4 9 kg/m 2 offers, for example, protection against threats such as those specified in the NIJ2 and NIJ2a standards
  • the flexible fabric being a loose fabric and being located on the strike side of the vest. This ensures that a vest of the invention with areal density of less than 6 kg/m 2 offers protection against Action 3 bullets.
  • a loose fabric here and hereinafter means a fabric the yarns in which can readily move relative to one another. Such a fabric is also deformable.
  • a vest provided with a loose fabric on the strike side of the vest offers improved protection against Action 3 bullets.
  • the vest of the invention with lower areal density, can offer the same protection as a vest that does not contain a loose fabric on the strike side.
  • An advantage of the vest of the invention is that it is more comfortable to wear because of its lower weight.
  • the ballistic resistance of a vest can be classified according to various standards.
  • One such standard is NIJ Standard 0101.03, which defines various levels of protection.
  • a vest to the NIJ2a standard must stop for example a .357 Magnum JSP with a velocity of 381 m/s and also a 9 mm FMJ with a velocity of 332 m/s.
  • a vest to the NIJ3a standard must stop a .44 Magnum SWC at 426 m/s and a 9 mm FMJ at 426 m/s.
  • the extent to which the body side deforms behind an impact is a second requirement of NIJ Standard 0101.03.
  • This deformation measures the trauma experienced by the wearer of a vest on impact of a projectile.
  • An advantage of the vest of the invention is that, despite its lower weight, deformation on the body side of the vest meets the requirement of NIJ Standard 0101.03.
  • Loose fabrics may be for example twill weave, honeycomb weave, cord weave or three-dimensional fabrics. It is essential here that the fabric be a drapable one.
  • a drapable fabric generally is a fabric in which the number of floats is at least 3, which means that the fabric contains yarns that at the same time cross at least 3 other yarns.
  • the fibres in the loose fabrics are also substantially stretched.
  • Non-wovens were found not to contribute to stopping Action 3 bullets.
  • the loose fabric is a twill weave fabric.
  • Twill weave fabrics are fabrics in which the warp and weft do not cross one another at a 1 : 1 ratio, as they do in a fabric with plain weave, but at a ratio other than 1:1.
  • the weft crosses 4 warp yarns on one side of the fabric, 1 warp yarn on the other side of the fabric and so forth.
  • the number of floats in such a fab ⁇ c is 4
  • the fabric of the invention is a 5 1 twill weave This provided the highest protection against Action 3 bullets at the lowest vest weight
  • the stack of UD layers may consist of one UD package or a plurality of UD packages
  • the stack of UD layers preferably consists of a plurality of UD packages each of which contains two or four UD layers
  • the packages are provided with a smooth film on both sides, resulting in reduced friction between the packages and higher flexibility of the stack
  • Fibres should here be understood to mean elongated bodies whose length is substantially larger than the width and thickness Fibres comprise continuous monofilaments and multifilaments as well as discontinuous filaments such as staple fibres or cut fibres
  • the percentages by weight of the stack of loose fabrics and the stack of UD layers in the vest may be between 10 80 and 50 50% If the percentage by weight of loose fibres is less than 10%, a disproportionately high number of UD layers need to be added to the vest, causing the advantage of lower weight to be lost If the percentage by weight of loose fibres is greater than 50 %, any additional layers of twill fabric contribute less than proportionately to protection against Action 3 bullets, again causing the advantage of lower weight to be lost
  • the percentages by weight of the stack of loose fabrics and the stack of UD layers prefferably be between 15 85 and 30 70 %
  • a vest of the invention in which the first and second stack have a total areal density of less than 5 2 kg/m 2 , has a ballistic resistance such that the vest complies with the NIJ3a standard
  • a vest of the invention with a first and second stack, which together have an areal density of less than 4 5 kg/m 2 has such ballistic resistance as to stop an Action 3 bullet with a velocity of up to 385 m/s with a trauma to NIJ Standard of less than 44 mm
  • “Strong fibres” of a first or second kind may be of different kinds or of the same kind and in the present invention generally are fibres with a strength of at least 6 dN/tex, a modulus of at least 130 dN/tex and a fracture energy of at least 8 J/g Strong fibres preferably are fibres with a strength of at least 10 dN/tex, a modulus of at least 200 dN/tex and a fracture energy of at least 20 J/g Strong fibres more preferably are fibres with a strength of at least 16 dN/tex, a modulus of at least 400 dN/tex and a fracture energy of at least 27 J/g Strong fibres most preferably are fibres with a strength of at least 28 dN/tex, a modulus of at least 1200 dN/tex and a fracture energy of at least 40 J/g If the fibres of the first kind do not have the same strength as the fibres of the second kind, it is recommended that the fibres of the first kind be stronger than the fibre
  • Suitable strong fibres are fibres of aramid, polybenzazole (PBO), sihcium carbide and/or a reinforced polymer such as drawn ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (HPPE) and/or combinations thereof
  • Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene means polyethylene with a weight-average molecular weight of at least 500,000 kg/kmol
  • the molecular weight is preferred for the molecular weight to be greater than 2,000,000 kg/kmol It is preferred for the vest of the invention to have a stack of UD layers in which the UD layers mainly contain aramid or PBO fibres This ensures that a vest in which the first and second stack have a combined areal density of less than 4 kg/m 2 has such ballistic resistance as to stop an Action 3 bullet with a velocity of up to 385 m/s with a trauma to NIJ standard of less than 44 mm
  • An advantage of the vest of the invention is that a construction in which unidirectional layers are replaced with loose fabrics offers improved protection against certain types of ammunition including Action 3 bullets Given that loose fabrics are much simpler to produce, the production costs of a vest of the invention are lower than those of known vests consisting solely of UD layers
  • Ballistic fabrics such as those applied in known vests are predominantly tightly woven fixed fabrics, often with a yarn having as low a titre as possible Both the manufacture of yarns and the manufacture of fabrics therefrom is much more costly than the manufacture of UD cross-ply
  • the titre of the yarns for the loose fabric need not meet any particular requirements It is preferred, however, for the vest of the invention to contain a fabric package in which the fabric essentially consists of yarns with a titre of at least 1000 dTex With such yarns better results are achieved than with fabric packages from yarns with a titre of less than 1000 dTex.
  • An additional advantage of yarns with a higher titre is that both the yarns and the fabric formed therefrom can be produced more cheaply than yarns with a lower titre.
  • Areal density (AD) of a fabric or UD layer or package means the weight of a fabric or UD layer per unit area.
  • UD-SB2 is a package of four cross-plied layers in which the fibres in each layer run substantially in parallel and are disposed perpendicularly to the fibres in an adjacent layer, with each layer being fabricated of HPPE yarns (Dyneema®). The yarn weight per layer is 26 g/m 2 .
  • the UD-SB2 package contains a rubber matrix and is covered on both sides with a PE film.
  • An UD-SB2 package has an AD of 155 g/m 2 .
  • UD-SB21 is a package of four cross-plied layers in which the fibres in each layer run substantially in parallel and are disposed perpendicularly to the fibres in an adjacent layer, with each layer being fabricated of HPPE yarns (Dyneema®). The yarn weight per layer is
  • the UD-SB21 package contains a rubber matrix and is covered on both sides with a PE film.
  • An UD-SB21 package has an AD of 145 g/m 2 .
  • Goldflex is a 4-layer cross-ply UD based on 1100 dTex aramid yarns with an AD of 233 g/m 2 .
  • W557 is a 5.1 twill weave fabric with the warp and weft consisting of a 1760 dTex HPPE yarn (Dyneema®).
  • the areal density of a fabric layer is 270 g/m 2 .
  • the fabric is loose and well drapable.
  • Aramid fabric is a non-deformable plain weave fabric based on
  • Twaron VD0461 is a fixed, non-deformable fabric based on 3360 dTex aramid yarn with an areal density of 475 g/m 2 .
  • Fraglight ® is a nonwoven based on HPPE staple fibre of more than 880 dTex with an AD of 205 g/m 2 .
  • a vest of a stack of 20 packages of UD-SB2 and 4 layers of W557 was fired at with A3 bullets at 385 m/s.
  • the vest with AD of 4.2 kg/m 2 , showed no full penetration.
  • this vest is lighter for 385 m/s than might be expected in light of the energy absorption in the vest with AD of 5.85 kg/m 2 .
  • a vest of a stack of 12 packages of aramid cross-ply-UD (Goldflex) and 4 layers of W557 was fired at with A3 bullets at 385 m/s.
  • Firing tests were conducted in accordance with the NIJ2 standard, with a vest of a stack of 20 packages of UD-SB2 and 4 layers of W557 being tested with the 9 mm at 360 m/s and the .357 Magnum at 425 m/s. No full penetration was observed in either case.
  • a vest of a stack of 20 packages of UD-SB2 and 4 layers of W557 with AD of 4.2 kg/m 2 meets the NIJ standard.
  • the current recommendation for an SB-2 vest that meets the NIJ 2 standard is a stack of 29 packages of UD-SB2 with AD of 4.5 kg/m 2 .
  • Firing tests were conducted in accordance with the NIJ3a standard a. with 9mm: A vest of a stack of 26 packages of UD-SB2 and 4 layers of W557 was fired at with 9mm at 425 m/s. Next, V50 was determined.
  • a vest of a stack of 26 packages of UD-SB2 and 4 layers of W557 with AD of 5.1 kg/m 2 complies with the NIJ3a standard for 9 mm and .44 Magnum.
  • the current SB2 recommendation for meeting this standard is a vest of a stack of UD-SB2 packages of 5.3 kg/m 2 .
  • V50 was found to be 549 m/s.
  • Example XI Vests of a stack of 20 packages of UD-SB21 and 4 layers of
  • W557 with total areal density of 4 kg/m2 were fired at with 9 mm copper jacket bullets. Stops were found at 383 m/s. The trauma depth was 25-35 mm.
  • V50 was found to be 523 m/s. This shows that the vest of the invention has an unexpectedly high V50 against FSP fragments at this low areal density. Consequently, the energy absorption per unit of areal density is extraordinarily high.
  • Example XIII Vests of a stack of 18 packages of UD-SB21 and 4 layers of
  • W557 with total areal density of 3.7 kg/m 2 were fired at with standard 9 mm bullets. Stops were found at 382 m/s. The trauma depth was 29-38 mm.
  • Example XIV Vests of a stack of 18 packages of UD-SB21 and 4 layers of
  • W557 with total areal density of 3.7 kg/m 2 were fired at with 9 mm cu jacket bullets. Stops were found at 382 m/s. The trauma depth was 24-33 mm.
  • W557 with total areal density of 3.7 kg/m2 were fired at with 9 mm SXT ranger bullets. Stops were found at 375 m/s. The trauma depth was 26-31 mm.
  • a vest of 28 layers of aramid fabric and a stack of 4 layers of SB2 with AD of 6.2 kg/m 2 exhibited penetration at 436 m/s.
  • a vest of 31 layers of aramid fabric with AD of 6.2 kg/m 2 exhibited penetrations at about 430 m/s.
  • a vest of 18 layers of aramid fabric behind a stack of 20 packages of UD- SB2 with AD of 6.9 kg/m 2 exhibited a full penetration at 417 m/s.
  • a vest of 10 layers of fraglight in front of a stack of 29 packages of UD-SB2 with AD of 6.5 kg/m 2 exhibited a full penetration at about 421 m/s.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un gilet balistique constitué d'un empilement de tissus flexibles et d'un empilement de couches flexibles unidirectionnelles, les tissus renfermant des fibres robustes d'un premier type, et les couches unidirectionnelles renfermant des fibres robustes d'un second type. Les fibres d'une couche unidirectionnelle sont essentiellement parallèles et forment avec les fibres d'une couche adjacente un angle supérieur à 0°. Le tissu flexible est un tissu lâche situé sur le côté impact du gilet. En poids, les pourcentages de tissu lâche et d'empilement de couches unidirectionnelles sont compris de préférence entre 15:85 and 30:70 %. Dans ces conditions, un gilet de densité de surface inférieure à 6 kg/m2 peut avoir la résistance balistique requise pour stopper une balle de type Action 3 circulant à une vitesse qui peut atteindre 437 m/s en recevant une marque d'impact inférieure à 44 mm, aux normes NIJ.
PCT/NL2001/000091 2000-02-10 2001-02-05 Gilet balistique WO2001059397A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01910221T ATE535772T1 (de) 2000-02-10 2001-02-05 Schusssichere weste
CA002399538A CA2399538C (fr) 2000-02-10 2001-02-05 Gilet balistique
AU2001237801A AU2001237801A1 (en) 2000-02-10 2001-02-05 Ballistic vest
EP01910221A EP1269103B1 (fr) 2000-02-10 2001-02-05 Gilet balistique
US10/215,262 US20030037361A1 (en) 2000-02-10 2002-08-09 Ballistic vest
US11/007,330 US7114186B2 (en) 2000-02-10 2004-12-09 Ballistic vest

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1014345A NL1014345C2 (nl) 2000-02-10 2000-02-10 Ballistisch vest.
NL1014345 2000-02-10

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/215,262 Continuation US20030037361A1 (en) 2000-02-10 2002-08-09 Ballistic vest

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001059397A1 true WO2001059397A1 (fr) 2001-08-16

Family

ID=19770789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NL2001/000091 WO2001059397A1 (fr) 2000-02-10 2001-02-05 Gilet balistique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1269103B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100567118B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1196910C (fr)
AT (1) ATE535772T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001237801A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2399538C (fr)
NL (1) NL1014345C2 (fr)
TW (1) TW461956B (fr)
WO (1) WO2001059397A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008148550A1 (fr) * 2007-06-06 2008-12-11 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Feuille de matériau multicouche pour articles antibalistiques souples
US20110129657A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2011-06-02 Norman Clough Ballistic Resistant Composite Fabric
WO2011138286A1 (fr) 2010-05-06 2011-11-10 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Article comprenant des bandes en polymère
WO2012150164A1 (fr) * 2011-05-03 2012-11-08 Teijin Aramid B.V. Panneau antibalistique

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BRPI0911852A2 (pt) * 2008-04-29 2015-10-06 Dsm Ip Assests Bv pilha de primeira e segunda camada, um painel e artigo resistente a balística que compreende a pilha ou o painel
CN101684992B (zh) * 2008-09-27 2013-06-12 宁波荣溢化纤科技有限公司 一种防弹复合板
CN101982590A (zh) * 2010-11-16 2011-03-02 苏州一丞咨询服务有限公司 叠层斜纹组织面料
KR200488184Y1 (ko) * 2017-07-27 2018-12-26 주식회사 디알하이텍 방탄 조끼

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883529A (en) * 1957-04-02 1961-11-29 Secr Defence Brit Ballistic armour
EP0265550A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-04 Erna Roth Elément de blindage laminé
WO1993004336A2 (fr) * 1991-08-23 1993-03-04 Coppage Edward A Jr Tissu protecteur
WO1997021976A1 (fr) * 1995-12-13 1997-06-19 Safariland, Inc. Tissu protecteur de vetement pare-balles
US5926842A (en) 1996-10-02 1999-07-27 Safariland Ltd., Inc. Ballistic vest
US6003424A (en) * 1990-03-08 1999-12-21 Alliedsignal Inc. Armor systems

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883529A (en) * 1957-04-02 1961-11-29 Secr Defence Brit Ballistic armour
EP0265550A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-04 Erna Roth Elément de blindage laminé
US6003424A (en) * 1990-03-08 1999-12-21 Alliedsignal Inc. Armor systems
WO1993004336A2 (fr) * 1991-08-23 1993-03-04 Coppage Edward A Jr Tissu protecteur
WO1997021976A1 (fr) * 1995-12-13 1997-06-19 Safariland, Inc. Tissu protecteur de vetement pare-balles
US5926842A (en) 1996-10-02 1999-07-27 Safariland Ltd., Inc. Ballistic vest

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110129657A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2011-06-02 Norman Clough Ballistic Resistant Composite Fabric
WO2008148550A1 (fr) * 2007-06-06 2008-12-11 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Feuille de matériau multicouche pour articles antibalistiques souples
WO2011138286A1 (fr) 2010-05-06 2011-11-10 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Article comprenant des bandes en polymère
JP2013544985A (ja) * 2010-12-09 2013-12-19 ダブリュ．エル．ゴア アンド アソシエイツ，インコーポレイティド 弾道抵抗性複合布帛
WO2012150164A1 (fr) * 2011-05-03 2012-11-08 Teijin Aramid B.V. Panneau antibalistique
CN103582801A (zh) * 2011-05-03 2014-02-12 帝人芳纶有限公司 防弹板
RU2578641C2 (ru) * 2011-05-03 2016-03-27 Тейджин Арамид Б.В. Пуленепробиваемая панель
US9341445B2 (en) 2011-05-03 2016-05-17 Teijin Aramid Bv Antiballistic panel with first and second laminates having fibers of different tensile modulus
KR101934256B1 (ko) 2011-05-03 2019-01-02 데이진 아라미드 비.브이. 방탄 패널

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001237801A1 (en) 2001-08-20
KR20020079845A (ko) 2002-10-19
CN1196910C (zh) 2005-04-13
KR100567118B1 (ko) 2006-03-31
EP1269103B1 (fr) 2011-11-30
NL1014345C2 (nl) 2001-08-13
CA2399538A1 (fr) 2001-08-16
EP1269103A1 (fr) 2003-01-02
CA2399538C (fr) 2008-04-22
TW461956B (en) 2001-11-01
ATE535772T1 (de) 2011-12-15
CN1422378A (zh) 2003-06-04

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