WO2001053146A1 - Vehicule a roue annulaire - Google Patents

Vehicule a roue annulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001053146A1
WO2001053146A1 PCT/CN2000/000729 CN0000729W WO0153146A1 WO 2001053146 A1 WO2001053146 A1 WO 2001053146A1 CN 0000729 W CN0000729 W CN 0000729W WO 0153146 A1 WO0153146 A1 WO 0153146A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
wheel
gear
frame
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2000/000729
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Chunyang Tan
Original Assignee
Chunyang Tan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chunyang Tan filed Critical Chunyang Tan
Priority to AU2001224996A priority Critical patent/AU2001224996A1/en
Publication of WO2001053146A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001053146A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K1/00—Unicycles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a non-orbiting land or amphibious transport vehicle, and particularly relates to a series of ring-wheeled vehicles composed of ring-shaped wheels and their dedicated ring-shaped (or wheel-type) driving devices. Background technique
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a ring wheel (referred to as a ring wheel) capable of minimizing internal energy and deformation energy consumption and friction loss, and a ring drive device capable of generating high-rate driving force, and thereby A series of high-efficiency and high-safety ring-wheel vehicles with unique structure is formed.
  • a ring wheel referred to as a ring wheel
  • a ring drive device capable of generating high-rate driving force
  • Land or amphibious ring-wheeled vehicles eliminate the spokes, hubs, axle bearings, and center axles of ordinary wheels, and add main and auxiliary tracks and internal gears to the rim, which are composed of pneumatic or solid tires.
  • a hollow ring-shaped wheel; the weight load of the car body is applied to the main track of the ring wheel through the balls or rollers on the wheel frame.
  • the gear drive ring is a ring with an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the ring wheel.
  • the outer circle of the gear is engaged with the inner gear of the ring wheel, and the inner circle is provided with a sliding track.
  • the node is a fulcrum and is located near the lower end of the ring wheel. Its structure is to install two pairs of rollers that move freely on the auxiliary track of the ring wheel and the inner track of the driving ring on a frame, and locate at the fulcrum.
  • the frame and the wheel frame are also equipped with two front and rear shift booster springs respectively to ensure that the fulcrum positioner is subject to the horizontal pressure of the spring when the vehicle body is moving forward or backward, so that it can move correspondingly smoothly;
  • the node of the internal and external gears is used as the axis, and a T-shaped or fan-shaped thrust commutator is installed on the front and rear.
  • the roller of one end of the arc arm of the commutator is equipped with a roller.
  • the inner rail of the roller is rolling.
  • the contact point between the roller and the inner rail is the thrust point of the gear drive ring.
  • the driving force at the thrust point below the moving ring becomes horizontal thrust and is transmitted to the wheel frame and the entire vehicle body.
  • the gear drive ring On the top of the upper end of the gear drive ring, it is equipped with a transmission mechanism connected to the power source.
  • the external gears of the driving ring mesh with each other to provide driving force to the driving ring in forward and reverse directions and different speeds, so that at the thrust point below the driving ring, two or more times of driving force can be obtained to propel the wheel.
  • the frame and the entire vehicle body move forward or backward on the main track of the ring wheel; between the movable ring wheel and the fixed wheel frame, a labyrinth or combined dust-proof sealing device with a small gap is installed.
  • the wheel drive device is a simplified structure of the ring drive device, that is, the auxiliary track on the ring wheel is omitted, the fulcrum positioner is omitted, the front and rear shift assist springs, and the front and rear thrust direction changers are used to drive the gear ring. It is changed into a gear drive wheel, and the central axis of the drive wheel is pressed against the force receiving part of the wheel frame, which can push the wheel frame and the vehicle body forward or backward.
  • the driving engine or driving motor and its transmission mechanism are also installed on the wheel frame, and together form an independent active ring wheel with power; then the wheel frame is related to the entire vehicle body.
  • the solid-linking constitutes a ring-wheeled vehicle; the control of each independent ring-wheel is completed by an electronic control system composed of a microprocessor and a frequency converter.
  • a joystick is used to adjust the forward and reverse rotation direction and speed of each ring wheel to drive the running of the ring wheel vehicle; when the vehicle is decelerating or braking, the electronic control system automatically switches the drive motor to the generator working mode. And charge the battery with a current related to the size and speed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a ring wheel and a wheel frame
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a ring drive device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a wheel drive device
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a single ring electric vehicle:
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-ring wheel stepper
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a double-ring wheel sedan
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an anti-collision and anti-rollover type double ring vehicle; 1/53146
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an amphibious double-loop vehicle
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a combined four-ring vehicle; the best way to implement the present invention
  • the ring wheel and the wheel frame 1 are ring rims with internal gears, each side of which has a main track 2, and below both sides of the internal gear, each has a secondary track 3.
  • 4 is a tire
  • 5 is a wheel frame that is fixedly connected to the vehicle body.
  • On the periphery of the wheel frame there are several pairs of rollers with balls, and there are fewer pairs on the top, front and rear, and multiple pairs on the bottom.
  • Roller, or an elliptical seat with many balls around, these rollers or balls roll on the main track of the ring wheel; 6 is the beam on the wheel frame that receives thrust.
  • the front and rear T-shaped thrust converters 7 whose shafts are mounted on the fulcrum positioner 8, one end of the arc-shaped arm is pressed against the force beam 6 of the wheel frame.
  • One end is equipped with a pair of rollers, which can roll on the two inner tracks of the gear drive ring 12 respectively; the outer gear of the gear drive ring 12 meshes with the inner gear of the ring wheel, and its meshing area is defined by the fulcrum positioner 8 in the ring Near the near point of the wheel, two pairs of rollers or ball bearings 10 are mounted on the frame of the fulcrum locator 8, and they roll on the auxiliary track of the ring wheel and the inner track of the driving ring, respectively; there are one pair on each side of the fulcrum locator 8.
  • the shift assist spring 9 has a fixed shaft at one end mounted on the wheel frame, and the other ends are pressed against the fulcrum locator, respectively.
  • the figure shows the state when moving to the left; the power of the drive motor or engine 13 Then, it is transmitted to the transmission gear 14 located on the upper end of the gear driving ring 12 through a gear train or a chain, which meshes with the gear driving ring 12 and is installed on the wheel carrier.
  • a driving gear 17 is engaged with the internal gear of the ring wheel 15, and a bearing 16 is mounted on a central shaft thereof and is placed in a shaft hole 18 on the wheel frame;
  • the transmission gear 19 on the wheel carrier meshes with the driving gear 17 above.
  • the electric single-wheeled wheeler only uses one ring wheel 21 and a set of ring drive devices, 20 is a gear drive ring; 23 is a drive motor installed on the wheel frame, and it passes through a set of wheel trains Drive the transmission gear 25 at the upper end of the drive ring 20; the turntable, fulcrum locator, shift booster spring and thrust direction changer are omitted in the figure; 24 is the battery, which is placed in front of the lower part to communicate with the human body. The weight is balanced; 26 is the left and right stepped feet, which are installed in the lower front; 22 is the driver's saddle, Installed in the middle of the rear; 27 is a joystick installed on the front of the car.
  • the portable single-wheeled scooter 28 is a joystick, and 29 is a lever that is fixedly connected to the wheel frame 37. It uses a set of wheel drive devices, one on each of the left and right sides can move up and down
  • the foot pedal 34 drives the gear on the directional coupler 32 by the rack 31 thereon, and then the drive gear 36 is driven by the transmission gear 33, and then the wheel carrier is pushed by the central axis of the drive gear 36 so that The ring wheel 35 moves on the track; the upward reset of the pedal 34 is completed by the tension spring 30, and a protective car cover is installed outside the wheel frame 37.
  • a double-ring car has a typical streamlined body; a large-diameter ring wheel and a corresponding set of ring-shaped drive devices are located on the left and right sides; the door is opened at the rear; the main car is shown in the figure Components: 39 is a ring wheel; 42 is its gear drive ring; 38 is a drive motor mounted on the wheel frame; the wheel frame, fulcrum positioner, front and rear shift booster springs, and front and rear thrust redirectors are omitted in the figure.
  • 41 and 45 are batteries installed under two rows of seats, 43 are transmission mechanisms and gears, which are connected to the drive motor by a chain or wheel train; 44 are driving joysticks, which are installed under the driver's right hand In the front, it controls the steering and speed of the two ring wheels through an electronic device composed of a microprocessor and a frequency converter; 40 is a retractable support frame linked to the door, and is installed at the rear of the ring wheel vehicle The bottom of the luggage; between the movable ring wheel and the fixed wheel frame, a labyrinth or combined dust seal with a small gap is installed.
  • Triangular stopper 47 which is connected to the car body with a card or suspension movable structure; 48 is an elastic or electromagnetic brake holding device.
  • the collision prevention frame 46 touches the front object, the mechanical latch is disengaged or the relay operates The triangular stopper 47 is automatically clamped on the ring wheel; at the same time, it is separated from the car body. At this time, the ring wheel is stopped on the ground, and the car body continues to follow the main track of the ring wheel at a lower speed.
  • the outer side of the left and right ring wheels 53 of the amphibious double-wheeled vehicle is sealed and waterproofed by a complete round cover, and the inner side is also sealed by a round cover with a hole at the center of the circle and an annular waterproof ring 54
  • the rest of the ring drive and power system are the same as those of the double ring car; while the car body is designed as a long streamlined closed hull structure. 1/53146
  • the combined four-wheeled vehicle is composed of two independent double-wheeled vehicles; the rear door of the two-wheeled vehicle is a retractable structure, and the roof and the base frame are both retractable docking structures.
  • the two double-wheeled vehicles are docked and assembled end-to-end; the original independent electronic control systems were combined through the insertion of a set of cables.
  • This flexible large-volume four-wheeled vehicle is suitable for transporting goods and long-distance tourism. .
  • the invention has the following advantages: 1. To roll the ring wheel on the ground, it is only necessary to roll the ball or wheel on the wheel frame on the rigid main track of the ring wheel. This kind of rolling friction is quite small, and because of saving Because the power consumed by the deformation of the tire and the internal stress of the spokes is changed, the total energy loss of the ring wheel will be much lower than that of ordinary wheels
  • the fulcrum of the ring drive is the lowest gear node. Therefore, if a tangential horizontal force is applied to the top vertex of the drive ring, twice or more can be obtained at the lower thrust points. For a thrust (eg 10 times) of thrust, the closer the selected thrust point is to the lowermost fulcrum, the greater the thrust obtained. This is necessary to save a lot of energy and overcome the large static friction force when the vehicle starts. , So the efficiency of ring-wheeled vehicles will be significantly improved compared to traditional vehicles;
  • the mass of the ring wheel itself is relatively small, it is easy to be stopped by the triangular stop when the vehicle is driving, and at this time due to the effect of inertia, it will Make the car body of the double-ring wheel continue to perform circular deceleration movement along the main track of the ring wheel, thereby transforming the kinetic energy of the car body which has great destructive power into the charged electric energy, the potential energy of the car body and the kinetic energy of rotation, the latter two Eventually, it will become electrical energy. In the forward direction of the road, the ring-wheeled vehicle can be braked quickly, so that it will not continue to rush forward due to inertia to cause damage. This can most effectively prevent collisions and collisions. Traffic accident
  • the overall structure of a ring-wheeled vehicle is relatively simple. There is no huge front box, and the effective space of the car body is increased. Therefore, it is conducive to the popularization of production and the market and to the improvement of traffic congestion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Description

环轮车辆 技术领域
本发明属于非轨行陆地或水陆两栖运输工具， 具体涉及环形 车轮及其专用的环式 （或轮式） 驱动装置， 并由其构成的一系列 环轮车辆。 背景技术
经典的车轮结构， 其传动效率、 作用力方式及可适用的车体 结构都有很大的局限性， 远非理想， 目前各国都在竞相开发的电 动汽车由于其电池的储能不高及成本昂贵， 所以未能真正普及。 发明的公幵
本发明的目的是提供一种能将内能与形变能耗及摩擦损耗等 减至最小的环形车轮 （简称环轮）， 以及一种可产生高倍率推动 力的环式驱动装置， 并由此而构成的一系列具有独特结构的高效 率和高安全性的环轮车辆。
陆地式或水陆两栖式环轮车辆， 取消了普通车轮中的车辐、 车毂、轮轴轴承及中心车轴，而在车辋上加设主副轨道及内齿轮， 配上充气或实心轮胎即构成空心的环形车轮； 车体的重量负荷， 则通过轮架上的滚珠或滚轮， 施加在环轮的主轨道上。
其专用的环式驱动装置则由一个齿轮驱动环， 一个支点定位 器和前后的推力变向器所组成。 齿轮驱动环是一个外径小于环轮 内径的圆环， 其外圆有齿轮与环轮的内齿轮相啮合， 其内圆上则 设有滑动轨道； 支点定位器则是一个保持以内外齿轮的节点为支 点， 并使之处于环轮下端近地点附近的装置， 它的结构是在一个 框架上安装有两对分别在环轮的副轨道及驱动环的内轨道上自由 移动的滚轮， 在支点定位器的框架与轮架之间， 还分别装有前、 后两只移位助力弹簧， 以保证在车体前进或后退时， 支点定位器 受到弹簧的水平压力作用， 从而能顺畅地相应移动； 在支点定位 器上， 以内外齿轮的节点为轴心， 还装有前后各一个 T形或扇形 推力变向器， 在此变向器的弧形臂的一端装有滚轮， 它在齿轮驱 动环的内轨中滚动， 此滚轮与内轨道的接触点， 即齿轮驱动环的 推力点， 其另一端则紧压在轮架的受力部位， 从而将得自齿轮驱 动环下方推力点的推动力， 变成水平方向的推力而传至轮架及整 个车体上； 在齿轮驱动环的上端顶部； 则装有与动力源相联的变 速机构， 并以齿轮与驱动环的外齿轮相啮合， 以正反方向及不同 的转速来向驱动环提供推动力， 从而在驱动环的下方推力点上， 即可获得两倍或更高倍率的推动力， 以推动轮架和整个车体在环 轮的主轨道上向前或向后运动； 在活动的环轮与固定的轮架之 间， 安装有间隙较小的迷宫式或组合式防尘密封装置。
轮式驱动装置则是环式驱动装置的简化结构， 即省去了环轮 上的副轨道， 并省去了支点定位器， 前后移位助力弹簧和前后推 力变向器， 而将齿轮驱动环改为齿轮驱动轮， 将此驱动轮的中心 轴紧压在轮架的受力部位， 即能推动轮架和车体向前或向后运 动。
对于大尺寸的环轮， 则还将驱动引擎或驱动电机及其变速机 构都安装在轮架上， 共同组成为一个独立的带有动力的有源环 轮； 再将轮架与整个车体相固联， 就构成了环轮车辆； 对每个独 立环轮的控制， 则由一个用微处理器和变频调速器组成的电子操 纵系统来完成。
由一根操纵杆来调节每个环轮的正反转动方向和速度， 以驾 驶环轮车辆的运行； 在车辆减速或刹车时， 电子操纵系统即自动 将驱动电机换接成发电机工作模式， 并以大小与速度相关的电流 向蓄电池充电。
环轮及环式或轮式驱动装置的实际应用是多种多样的， 采用 不同的环轮数目与形式的组合， 并配上与之相适应的车体， 就构 成为不同类型、 不同尺寸和不同用途的环轮车辆系列。 附图的简要说明
本发明的实施例参见下列各图：
图 1为环轮及轮架的示意图；
图 2为环式驱动装置的示意图；
图 3为轮式驱动装置的示意图；
图 4为独环轮电动车的示意图：
图 5为独环轮步车示意图；
图 6为双环轮轿车示意图；
图 7为防撞防翻式双环轮车示意图； 1/53146
-3- 图 8为水陆两栖式双环轮车示意图;
图 9为组合式四环轮车示意图； 实现本发明的最佳方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步说明：
如图 1所示， 环轮和轮架中 1为带有内齿轮的环形车辋， 其 两侧各有一条主轨道 2， 而在内齿轮的两侧下方， 还各有一条副 轨道 3， 4为轮胎， 5则为与车体相固联的轮架； 在轮架的四周， 分别装有若干对带滚珠的滚轮， 上方和前后方的对数较少， 而下 方则装有多对滚轮， 或为一个周围装有很多滚珠的椭圆座， 这些 滚轮或滚珠都在环轮的主轨道上滚动； 6 则为轮架上接受推力的 横梁。
如图 2所示， 环式驱动装置中轴心安装在支点定位器 8上的 前后 T形推力变向器 7， 其弧形臂的一端紧压在轮架的受力横梁 6 上， 而另外一端则装有一对滚轮， 可分别在齿轮驱动环 12 的 两条内轨道上滚动； 齿轮驱动环 12 的外齿轮与环轮的内齿轮相 啮合， 其啮合区则由支点定位器 8限定在环轮的近地点附近， 在 支点定位器 8 的框架上装有两对滚轮或滚珠轴承 10， 它们分别 在环轮的副轨道及驱动环的内轨道上滚动； 在支点定位器 8的两 旁还各有一对移位助力弹簧 9， 其一端的固定轴安装在轮架上， 另一端头则分别紧压在支点定位器上， 图中所示为向左方运动时 的状态； 驱动电机或引擎 13 的动力， 则通过齿轮系或链条传送 到位于齿轮驱动环 12 上端的变速齿轮 14， 它与齿轮驱动环 12 相啮合， 并安装于轮架上。
如图 3所示， 轮式驱动装置中与环轮 15的内齿轮相啮合的 是一个驱动齿轮 17， 其中心轴上装有轴承 16， 并被置于轮架上 的轴孔 18中； 安装在轮架上的变速齿轮 19则在上方与驱动齿轮 17相啮合。
如图 4所示， 电动独环轮车只用了一个环轮 21和一套环式驱 动装置， 20 是齿轮驱动环； 23 是安装在轮架上的驱动电机， 它 通过一组轮系来带动驱动环 20上端的变速齿轮 25; 而转架、 支 点定位器、 移位助力弹簧及推力变向器等在图中省去； 24 是蓄 电池， 它被安置在下部偏前方， 以与人体的重量相平衡； 26 是 左右两边的踏脚架， 安装在前方下部； 22 是驾驶员的鞍座， 安 装在后方中部； 27则是安装在车体前上方的操纵手柄。
如图 5 所示， 手提式独环轮步车中 28是操纵手柄， 29 是与 轮架 37 相固联的柄杆； 它采用了一套轮式驱动装置， 左右两边 各有一个可以上下活动的脚踏 34， 由其上的齿条 31来带动定向 耦合器 32上的齿轮， 再由变速齿轮 33来带动驱动齿轮 36， 然 后再由驱动齿轮 36的中心轴来推动轮架， 使之在环轮 35的轨道 上运动； 脚踏 34的往上复位则由拉簧 30来完成， 在轮架 37的 外部， 装有防护用的车罩。
如图 6 所示， 双环轮轿车具有典型的流线型车体； 在左右两 边各有一个大直径的环轮及相应的一套环式驱动装置； 车门开在 后方; 图中示出了轿车的主要部件： 39 是环轮； 42 是其齿轮驱 动环， 38 是安装在轮架上的驱动电机， 轮架、 支点定位器、 前 后移位助力弹簧及前后推力变向器等在图中皆省去了未画； 41 和 45是安装在两排座椅下的蓄电池， 43是变速机构及齿轮， 它 与驱动电机由链条或轮系相联； 44 是驾驶操纵杆， 它安装在司 机的右手下前方， 它通过一个由微处理器及变频调速器所构成的 电子装置来操纵两个环轮的转向与速度； 40 是与车门联动的可 收放的支撑架， 安装在环轮车后部行李箱的底部； 在活动的环轮 与固定的轮架之间， 安装有间隙较小的迷宫式或组合式防尘密封 装置。
如图 7所示， 防翻车及防碰撞的双环轮车中 49是左右两侧的 大直径环轮， 相应的环式驱动装置和动力系统皆与前述的双环轮 轿车相同； 但增加了前后的三角形止动架 47， 它以卡式或悬挂 式活动结构与车体相联； 48 是弹力或电磁制动抱紧装置， 当防 撞架 46 触及前方物体时， 机械卡销脱幵或继电器动作而使三角 形止动架 47 自动抱紧于环轮上； 并同时与车体脱离， 这时， 环 轮被止动于地面， 而车体则以较低的速度继续沿着环轮的主轨道 作圆周运动； 52是保护用的框架； 51则是两侧防翻车的防护板， 其下装有小滚轮， 可在圆弧形滑轨 50 上进行上下滑动， 在正常 时它们都由弹簧拉住而处于图示的位置， 但当车辆侧翻压住防护 板 51时， 环车底部的重量就会迅速使车辆恢复正位。
如图 8所示， 水陆两栖式双环轮车的左右环轮 53的外侧由一 个完整的圆盖密封防水， 其内侧也由一个只在圆心部位有孔且装 有环形防水圈 54 的圆盖封住； 其余的环式驱动装置和动力系统 皆同于双环轮轿车； 而车体则设计成较长的流线型密闭式船体结 1/53146
-5- 构，并有辐射状加强梁伸展至车体各部分；而车体与轮架的固联， 则集中于环轮的圆心部位 55 ; 在车体的尾部下方两侧， 则各装 有一个螺旋桨 56。
如图 9所示， 组合式四环轮车由两辆独立的双环轮车组合而 成； 双环轮车的尾部车门为可翻拉式结构， 车顶及底座架皆为可 伸縮对接式结构， 由两辆双环轮车尾对尾地对接拼装； 原来各自 独立的电子操纵系统， 则通过一组电缆的插接来合并， 这种灵活 的大容积四环轮车， 适于运输货物及远程旅游。 工业应用性
本发明具有以下优点- 一、 要环轮在地面滚动， 只需要使轮架上的滚珠或滚轮在环轮的 钢性主轨道上滚动就行了， 这种滚动摩擦是相当小的， 又因为节 省了轮胎形变和轮辐的内应力变化所消耗的动力， 故环轮的总能 量损耗将远低于普通车轮；
二、 根据力学原理， 环式驱动装置的支点是最下端的齿轮节点， 故若在驱动环的上端顶点加一个切向水平力， 则在下部各推力点 上， 就可获得两倍或更高倍率 （例如 10 倍） 的推力， 所选推力 点离最下端的支点越近， 则获得的推力就越大， 而这正是为了大 量节省能源和克服车辆启动时较大的静摩擦力所非常必需的， 因 而环轮车辆的效率， 比之传统车辆将有显著的提高；
三、 对于大直径的双轮环车， 设计得使车体的重心低于圆心， 因 而这种环轮车辆具有稳定平衡， 不易翻车而提高了安全性； 四、 由于每个环轮皆为独立驱动， 故容易做 180° 的原地转弯； 五、 因环轮本身的质量相当小， 故在车辆行驶时， 它容易被三角 形止动架刹住， 而这时由于惯性力的作用， 将会使双环轮车的车 体继续沿着环轮的主轨道作圆周减速运动， 从而将本来具有巨大 破坏力的车体动能， 转变成为充电的电能和车体的势能及转动的 动能， 后两者最终也将会变成电能； 而在道路的前进方向， 环轮 车辆则可被迅速刹住， 从而不致因惯性而继续冲向前方以造成破 坏， 这就能最有效地防止撞车和撞人等交通事故；
六、 环轮车辆的总体结构相对简单， 没有庞大的车头箱， 车体的 有效空间增大， 故利于生产与市场普及， 有助于交通拥挤的改善。

Claims

-6- 权利 要 求
1、 一种陆地或水陆两栖式环轮车辆， 包括人力、 机械或电力驱动 装置、 操纵系统和车体， 其特征在于:其车轮为环轮， 而对环轮 的驱动则采用环式或轮式驱动装置； 环轮是一种在车辋的内圆 上设有主副轨道及内齿轮的环形空心轮， 在环轮的主轨道 （2) 上， 有周围装着滚球或滚轮的轮架 （5), 轮架与车体相联； 环 式驱动装置由齿轮驱动环 （12)， 支点定位器 （8) 和推力变向 器 （7) 所组成； 齿轮驱动环 （12) 的外齿轮与环轮的内齿轮在 环轮的下方近地点附近相啮合； 齿轮驱动环的内圆上有滑动轨 道， 在支点定位器 （8) 的框架上装着两对可分别在环轮的副轨 道 （3) 及驱动环的内轨道中滚动的滚轮或滚珠轴承 （10); 在 支点定位器（8) 的框架上， 还装有前后各一个推力变向器（7)， 此变向器的弧形边的一端装有滚轮 （11)， 它在齿轮驱动环的内 轨道中滚动， 另一端则紧压在轮架的受力部位 （6) 上； 在支点 定位器与轮架之间， 分别装有前后移位助力弹簧 （9)， 弹簧的 一端固定在轮架上， 另一端则分别地紧压在支点定位器的框架 上； 驱动电机或引擎 （13) 通过轮系或链条， 将动力传到安装 在齿轮驱动环上方顶部的变速机构 （14)， 变速机构的齿轮在此 与齿轮驱动环 （12) 的外齿轮相啮合； 轮式驱动装置则由驱动 齿轮 （17) 与变速机构及齿轮 （19) 所组成， 驱动齿轮的外齿 轮与环轮的内齿轮 （15) 在下方近地点附近相啮合， 其中心轴 上的轴承 （16) 则置于轮架的孔 （18) 内， 变速机构的齿轮在 驱动齿轮 （17) 的上方顶部与之相啮合； 在活动的环轮与固定 的轮架之间， 安装有迷宫式或组合式防尘密封装置。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的环轮车辆， 其特征在于： 采用一个环轮
(21) 和一套环式驱动装置， 并由轮架上的驱动电机 （23) 为 动力； 蓄电池（24)安置在轮架的下前方， 驾驶员的踏脚架（26) 和鞍座 （22) 分别置于车体的前方下部和后部。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的环轮车辆， 其特征在于： 采用一个环轮 (35) 和一套轮式驱动装置， 在轮架 （37) 的上部装有操纵手 柄 （28) 和柄秆 （29); 脚踏 （34) 的上部装有能上下活动的齿 条（31)，它与定向耦合器（32)上的齿轮相啮合， 变速齿轮（33) 则在驱动齿轮 （36) 的上方顶部与之相啮合， 拉簧 （30) 装在 脚踏与轮架上方之间。 1/53146
-7-
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的环轮车辆， 其特征在于： 采用了两个
大直径的环轮及两套相应的环式驱动装置， 两个环轮在车体的 左右两侧， 车体为典型的流线型， 车门开在车体的后方， 在后 部行李箱的底下装有与车门联动的可收放支撑架 （40); 在司机 座位的右手下前方， 装有操纵杆 （44)， 它通过一个由微处理器 构成的电子系统及一个交频控制器来操纵环轮车的运动； 在车 内两排座椅下装有蓄电池 （41 ) 和 （45 ); 驱动电机 （38 ) 分别 安装在两个环轮的轮架上。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的环轮车辆， 其特征在于： 其左右两边
装有两个大直径的环轮及两套相应的环式驱动装置； 在车体的 前后方， 采用卡式或悬挂式活动结构各装有一个三角形止动架
(47 )； 前方有防撞架 （46 ) 控制着止动架上的弹力式或电磁式 自动抱紧装置 （48 ) ; 在车体的两侧还装有防翻车的圆弧形滑轨 ( 50 )及可在其上滑动的防护板（51 )， 以及保护用的框架（52 )。 6、 根据权利要求 1所述的环轮车辆， 其特征在于： 左右两边装
有两个大直径的环轮及两套相应的环式驱动装置， 而在左右环 轮 （53 ) 的外侧有一个完整的密封圆盖， 其内侧也有一个只在 圆心部位有孔且装有环形防水圈 （54 ) 的封闭圆盖； 而车体则 为较长的流线体密闭式船型， 并有辐射状加强梁伸展至车体的 各部位； 车体与轮架的固联， 则集中于环轮的圆心部位 （55 ); 在车体的尾部下方两侧， 则各装有一个螺旋桨 （56)。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的环轮车辆， 其特征在于： 由两辆独立
的双环轮车组合成一辆大体积的四环轮车； 每辆双环轮车都有 左右两个大直径的环轮及相应的环式驱动装置； 双环轮车的尾 部车门为可翻拉式结构， 车顶及底座架为可伸缩对接式结构， 两辆双环轮车尾对尾地拼接； 两套独立的电子操纵系统由一组 电缆的插接装置来合并。
PCT/CN2000/000729 2000-01-21 2000-12-26 Vehicule a roue annulaire WO2001053146A1 (fr)

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