WO2001027122A1 - Vorstufenverbindung für radiodiagnostika und deren herstellung - Google Patents
Vorstufenverbindung für radiodiagnostika und deren herstellung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001027122A1 WO2001027122A1 PCT/EP2000/010099 EP0010099W WO0127122A1 WO 2001027122 A1 WO2001027122 A1 WO 2001027122A1 EP 0010099 W EP0010099 W EP 0010099W WO 0127122 A1 WO0127122 A1 WO 0127122A1
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRUKRSQUUNYOFK-RBUKOAKNSA-N tert-butyl (2r,3s)-6-oxo-2,3-diphenylmorpholine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C1([C@H]2[C@H](OC(=O)CN2C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 MRUKRSQUUNYOFK-RBUKOAKNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- CCRMAATUKBYMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyltin Chemical compound C[Sn](C)C.C[Sn](C)C CCRMAATUKBYMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012982 x-ray structure analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/22—Tin compounds
- C07F7/2208—Compounds having tin linked only to carbon, hydrogen and/or halogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of precursor compounds for radiodiagnostics based on tyrosine and its derivatives, the precursor compounds and their conversion to a radiodiagnostic for positron emission tomography (PET).
- PET positron emission tomography
- Positron emission tomography is a nuclear medical imaging method that is used in drug research and medical diagnostics.
- the main areas of application are tumor diagnostics, neurology and cardiology.
- the method makes physiological and biochemical functions visible at the cellular level.
- Positron emission tomography enables the quantitative measurement of physiological and pathological body functions in living people.
- This method uses so-called PET tracers as radio diagnostics to make body functions visible in living people, the radioactive properties of which are the basis for detection using a PET camera.
- the chemical properties of the PET tracer determine its specificity.
- PET tracers are not delivered to PET centers that perform positron emission tomography, but rather precursor compounds that are converted into the radioactive PET tracer by a simple chemical reaction to be carried out at the PET center.
- Substances labeled with radionuclides with a short half-life are used as PET tracers, which are supplied to the body and emit positrons when they decay. These react with the electrons of the examined tissue and emit high-energy gamma radiation.
- Their intensity distribution which varies depending on the local concentration, is determined by several thousand crystal detectors that surround the patient in a ring.
- a downstream computer processes the signals into a slice image, the positron emission tomogram.
- [ 18 F] - fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and [C] methionine Compounds routinely used so far as PET radio diagnostics in tumor diagnostics are [ 18 F] - fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and [C] methionine.
- the measurement signal generated by [ 18 F] FDG is based on the measurement of a focally increased metabolic activity.
- an increased metabolic activity is only a non-specific indication of a malignant disease and can also have benign causes such as increased functional stress and inflammation.
- Due to the short half-life of [ 11 C] of about 20 min, the measurement signal generated by [ U C] methionine is based predominantly on the absorption of the amino acids into the cells.
- radio diagnostic that directly represents cell division or the pathological process itself. During cell division, nucleic acids and even more pronounced proteins are synthesized. A very high sensitivity in tumor detection can therefore be expected from the labeling of newly synthesized proteins.
- a PET radio diagnostic which is built into proteins analogously to amino acids without significantly disturbing cell physiology, has not yet existed.
- n C-labeled amino acids Due to the short half-life of U C, the previously available n C-labeled amino acids can only be used to represent the transport of amino acids, but not to quantify protein synthesis. In addition, metabolism causes a further loss of signal strength, or a distribution of the signal to various metabolites and thus in the entire body. It is only the 18 F label that enables the protein synthesis to be shown due to the longer half-life of 110 minutes.
- 2- [ 18 F] -Lp-tyrosine can only be produced by complex, multi-step syntheses (Eur. J. Nucl. Med. (1997), 24, 1056), which rule out routine use for diagnostic purposes.
- 6- [ 18 F] -m-tyrosine is not or only rarely incorporated into proteins. It is mainly used to illustrate the transport of aromatic amino acids through the blood-brain barrier, the dopa metabolism and the dopamine receptor distribution. No enantioselective synthesis has been described for m-tyrosine. So far, Lm-tyrosine has been obtained by enzymatic and physical separation of the racemate.
- US 5 510 522 relates to the synthesis of a tin-containing precursor compound to provide fluorine-labeled L-dopa and related compounds. Starting from 3,4-dimethoxy-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the amino group is formylated, then the aromatic nucleus is iodinated in the 2-position, the stannylation of the compound obtained and finally the tin ion is replaced by a fluorine ion. US 5 393 908 describes the corresponding procedure.
- the object on which the invention is based is to provide a PET diagnostic for use in diagnostics, in particular tumor diagnostics, which behaves neutrally in terms of cell physiology and, with high sensitivity, allows locations of increased protein synthesis to be localized in the living organism.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a precursor compound from which the PET diagnostic is obtained in a simple manner.
- This object is achieved by a process for the preparation of a precursor compound for a radio diagnostic agent, in which a compound of the general formula is used
- OR is in the meta or para position to CH 2 Hal, shark represents a chlorine or bromine radical, R is a hydroxyl protecting group and R 3 is a hydrogen or iodine radical,
- the precursor compounds according to the invention are compounds of the general formula (1)
- X is a radical which can be converted into a hydroxyl radical
- R is a protective group for the hydroxyl group in the m- or p-position relative to the ⁇ -aminocarboxylic acid radical
- R 1 and R 2 are protective groups which can easily be removed from the nitrogen bonded to them
- R 1 and X can be connected to one another to form a five- or six-membered ring
- R 1 or R 2 can also be a hydrogen radical
- R 5 is SnAlk 3 , HgAlk, GeAlk 3 or SiAlk 3 and Alk is an alkyl group means about 1 to 5 carbon atoms, the precursor compounds being present as L- or D-amino acids.
- the protective group R is in particular a protective group which is usually used as a protective group for hydroxyl groups. These are, for example, alkyl groups or alkenyl groups with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular a methyl group.
- the amino protecting group can also be a BOC group, benzyloxycarbonyl (BZ), formate or acetate.
- the protective groups R 1 and R 2 are customary protective groups for the amino group of amino acids, in particular hydroxyaromatic amino acids. These are, for example, benzyl radicals and their derivatives in any form, alkenyl radicals with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, allyl radicals with 3 to 8 carbon atoms or alkylidene radicals with 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 can in particular be methylidene, ethylidene, 2-methylpropylidene, 2,2-dimethylpropylidene, vinyl, allyl, benzyl and substituted benzyl, in particular nitrobenzyl.
- the amino protecting group can also be a BOC group, benzyloxycarbonyl (BZ), formate, acetate or trifluoromethylsulfonyl.
- the groups X which provide a hydroxyl group are customary protective groups on carbonyl groups, for example esters, amides and hydroxylamides, which are easily removable and provide a hydroxyl function with elimination.
- the protective group X supplying a hydroxyl group can also be a group already described as an amino protective group.
- Precursor compounds are particularly preferred
- Alk and R have the meanings given above and Et means ethyl.
- the compounds thus obtained can be fluorinated in a simple manner, for example by reaction with fluorine or acetyl hypofluorite.
- the fluorination can take place through all fluorine compounds which can split off a fluorine cation.
- the PET diagnostic agent 2 [ 18 F] -Lp-tyrosine according to reaction scheme 1 is obtained by deprotection.
- Radiodiagnostics to be obtained according to the invention are therefore, for example, [ 18 F] -Lp-tyrosine, [F] -Lp-tyrosine, [ 18 F] -Lm-tyrosine, [F] -Lm-tyrosine, [ 18 F] -L-dopa and [F] -L- Dopa
- the corresponding enantiomers ie fluorinated D-amino acids
- 3-iodoanisole 2 was first halomethylated to the corresponding benzyl halide 3.
- the halomethylation can be carried out, for example, using a chloromethyl methyl ether or else one
- Bromomethyl methyl ether take place.
- 1 mol of 3-iodoanisole is preferably reacted with 1.95 to 2.2 mol of chloromethyl methyl ether.
- the bromomethylation preferably about 1 mol of 3-iodoanisole is reacted with 1 to 2 mol of bromomethyl methyl ether. This halomethylation is described in Tex. J. Be. (1978), 30, 357.
- 3-iodoanisole 2 is preferably reacted with a bromomethyl methyl ether instead of with chloromethyl methyl ether to give the corresponding benzyl bromide 10.
- the yield is about 67%. Since the benzyl bromide is comparatively unstable and begins to decompose about an hour after drying, it is recommended to dissolve the benzyl bromide in THF after purification and to continue to react immediately.
- the benzyl halide is used in a subsequent reaction to alkylate chiral glycine auxiliaries. It has proved to be particularly advantageous with the glycine auxiliaries (2R, 3S) - (-) -2, 3-diphenyl-6-oxomorpholine-4-carboxylic acid tert. -butyl ester 11 or (2S) -1-tert. - Butyloxycarbonyl-2-tert. -butyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-imidazolidine (BocBMI) 12 to work. Comparable reactions under the same reaction conditions can also be carried out with the corresponding enantiomeric chiral glycine auxiliaries and then lead to the respective other enantiomer of the product.
- glycine auxiliaries (2R, 3S) - (-) -2, 3-diphenyl-6-oxomorpholine-4-carboxylic acid tert. -butyl ester 11 or (2S)
- Compounds 4 and 8 of Reaction Scheme 2 and Compound 24 of Reaction Scheme 2a are then dehalometalated.
- the dehalometalation can be a stannylation reaction using hexaalkylditine, and the alkyl radical can comprise 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Palladium catalysts can be used as catalysts for this reaction.
- Preferred catalysts are PdBr 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 and those compounds or processes from which the aforementioned catalysts are provided in situ.
- Such compounds include, for example, alkyl mercury compounds in which the alkyl radical contains 1 to 5 carbon atoms, compounds of the general formula Alk 3 Si-SiAlk 3 in which the alkyl radical contains 1 to 5 carbon atoms and Alk3Ge-GeAlk 3 in which the alkyl radical contains 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the arylalkyl mercury derivatives, silane derivatives or germanane derivatives obtained can be easily one Undergo metal / fluorine exchange with fluorine cations.
- the dehalometalation is preferably a stannylation. This reaction is described in J. organomet. Chem. (1981), 215, 49-58.
- the dehalometalation can be carried out in neutral aprotic solvents such as dioxane. The reaction can be carried out at temperatures of about 110 to 120 ° C under an inert gas atmosphere.
- reaction scheme 2a shows an example of the preparation of a precursor compound according to the invention in the form of an m-tyrosine derivative. This course of the reaction also shows a reaction pathway for obtaining m-tyrosine 25.
- Halomethyl compound 21 is reacted with chiral glycine auxiliaries in the presence of diisopropylamine and butyllithium. In the present case this is the (2S) -1-tert. -Butyloxycarbonyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-imidazoline (Boc-BMI) 12.
- the compound 23 obtained can be converted into the m-tyrosine by treatment with hydroiodic acid. It can be converted to compound 24 by treatment with iodine in the presence of a silver trifluoroacetic acid salt.
- the iodinated compound 24 is then subjected to a stannylation reaction and the compound 26 is obtained.
- Compound 26 is a precursor compound obtained according to the invention. For example, it can be fluorinated by acetyl hypofluorite.
- the protection groups of the Compound 27 can be split off by hydrofluoric acid at an elevated temperature, which produces the radiodiagnostic.
- the fluorination to 15 can be carried out using fluorinating agents known to those skilled in the art. Fluorination with acetyl hypofluorite has proven to be particularly advantageous. The fluorination should be quantitative. The fluorination can be carried out with radioactive or non-radioactive fluorine. The protective groups are then split off and the PET tracer is obtained.
- the deprotection with HJ (about 57%) can be carried out by heat treatment at about 100 to 200 ° C., in particular at about 140 ° C., over a period of about 20 minutes.
- the protective groups can also be split off by treatment with hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid. The concentration of both acids in the reaction medium is then about 6N.
- Enolate chemistry usually works at temperatures of around -78 ° C. It was surprising that the alkylation according to the invention went smoothly at temperatures from -40 ° C to room temperature. The shielding effect of the iodine residue is probably responsible for this.
- the fluorination to 15 is carried out using acetyl hypofluorite according to the methods developed in PET chemistry. It should run quantitatively.
- the fluorination with 18 F is carried out in PET centers. Reaction scheme 7
- compound 15 was mixed with HJ (57%) and heated under reflux for 90 minutes under an argon atmosphere.
- the HJ solution was then distilled off, water was added three times and distilled off, and toluene was added three times, distilled off and finally dried under an oil pump vacuum. It was then taken up in H 2 0 and applied to Dowex® 50 Wx8-400. It was washed with water and eluted with an aqueous 10% NH 3 solution. The solvent was distilled off, water was added twice and distilled off.
- Figures 1 and 2 show 1 H-NMR spectra of two precursor compounds according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows a ⁇ NMR spectrum of compound 23 of scheme 2a.
- Figure 4 shows a ⁇ -NMR- Spectrum of compound 25, m-tyrosine, of scheme 2a.
- Figure 1 shows a 1 H-NMR spectrum (in CDC1 3 ) of (2S, 3R, 5R) -2,3-diphenyl-5- (2-trimethylstannyl-4-methoxybenzyl) -6-oxo-morpholine-4- carboxylic acid tert. - butyl ester.
- the spectrum has the following key figures:
- Figure 2 shows a 1 H-NMR spectrum (in CDC1 3 ) of (2S, 3R, 5R) -2,3-diphenyl-5- (2-tributylstannyl-4-methoxybenzyl) -6-oxo-morpholine-4- carboxylic acid tert. - butyl ester.
- the spectrum has the following key numbers:
- Figure 3 shows a 1 H NMR spectrum of (2S, 3R, 5R) -2, 3-diphenyl-5- (3-methoxybenzyl) -6-oxomorpholine-4-carboxylic acid tert. -butyl ester.
- the spectrum has the following key figures:
- FIG. 4 shows an H-NMR spectrum (in D 2 0 / DC1) of m-tyrosine.
- the spectrum has the following key figures:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001530340A JP2003511457A (ja) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | 放射線診断剤用前駆体及びその製造方法 |
AU10249/01A AU1024901A (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Pre-cursor for radiodiagnostic agents and the production thereof |
EP00971375A EP1232164A1 (de) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Vorstufenverbindung für radiodiagnostika und deren herstellung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19949237.9 | 1999-10-13 | ||
DE19949237A DE19949237B4 (de) | 1999-10-13 | 1999-10-13 | Vorstufenverbindung für Radiodiagnostika und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
Publications (1)
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WO2001027122A1 true WO2001027122A1 (de) | 2001-04-19 |
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PCT/EP2000/010099 WO2001027122A1 (de) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Vorstufenverbindung für radiodiagnostika und deren herstellung |
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EP (1) | EP1232164A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003511457A (de) |
AU (1) | AU1024901A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19949237B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001027122A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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EP2891657A1 (de) | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-08 | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Durch ionische Flüssigkeiten unterstützte Organozinnreagenzien zur Herstellung von radioaktiven Arzneimittelverbindungen |
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GB0115929D0 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2001-08-22 | Nycomed Amersham Plc | Solid-phase electrophilic fluorination |
EP2821383B1 (de) * | 2013-07-02 | 2017-08-30 | Trasis S.A. | Stabilisierung von radiosynthetischen Zwischenprodukten |
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US5393908A (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1995-02-28 | Satyamurthy; Nagichettiar | Synthesis of N-formyl-3,4-di-t-butoxycarbonyloxy-6-(trimethylstannyl)-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester and its regioselective radiofluorodestannylation to 6-[18 F]fluoro-L-dopa |
US5510522A (en) * | 1995-02-22 | 1996-04-23 | Regents Of The University Of California | Synthesis of N-formyl-3,4-di-t-butoxycarbonyloxy-6-(trimethylstannyl)-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester and its regioselective radiofluorodestannylation to 6- 18 F!fluoro-1-dopa |
-
1999
- 1999-10-13 DE DE19949237A patent/DE19949237B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-10-13 EP EP00971375A patent/EP1232164A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-10-13 JP JP2001530340A patent/JP2003511457A/ja active Pending
- 2000-10-13 WO PCT/EP2000/010099 patent/WO2001027122A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-10-13 AU AU10249/01A patent/AU1024901A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
MCCORD, TOMMY J. ET AL: "Synthesis and microbiological properties of 2-iodotyrosine and related compounds", TEX. J. SCI. (1978), 30(4), 357-63, XP000944829 * |
NAMAVARI, MOHAMMAD ET AL: "Synthesis of 6-[18F] and 4-[18F]fluoro-L-m-tyrosines via regioselective radiofluorodestannylation", APPL. RADIAT. ISOT. (1993), 44(3), 527-36, XP000944654 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2891657A1 (de) | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-08 | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Durch ionische Flüssigkeiten unterstützte Organozinnreagenzien zur Herstellung von radioaktiven Arzneimittelverbindungen |
WO2015104300A1 (en) | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-16 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Ionic liquid supported organotin reagents for the manufacturing of radiopharmaceuticals compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU1024901A (en) | 2001-04-23 |
DE19949237B4 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
DE19949237A1 (de) | 2001-05-31 |
EP1232164A1 (de) | 2002-08-21 |
JP2003511457A (ja) | 2003-03-25 |
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