WO2001003216A1 - Dispositif de chauffage/refrigeration d'une pile a combustible, et systeme de pile a combustible - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage/refrigeration d'une pile a combustible, et systeme de pile a combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001003216A1
WO2001003216A1 PCT/DE2000/002155 DE0002155W WO0103216A1 WO 2001003216 A1 WO2001003216 A1 WO 2001003216A1 DE 0002155 W DE0002155 W DE 0002155W WO 0103216 A1 WO0103216 A1 WO 0103216A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
heating
cooling medium
fuel
flow line
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2000/002155
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Sattler
Markus Keutz
Original Assignee
Atecs Mannesmann Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atecs Mannesmann Ag filed Critical Atecs Mannesmann Ag
Publication of WO2001003216A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003216A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel cell system.
  • Fuel cells have been known for a long time and have become significantly more important, particularly in the automotive industry.
  • fuel cells Similar to battery systems, fuel cells generate electrical energy chemically, with the individual reactants being fed continuously and the reaction products being continuously discharged.
  • the fuel cell is based on the functional principle that electrically neutral molecules or atoms combine with each other and thereby exchange electrons. This process is called the redox process.
  • the oxidation and reduction processes are spatially separated from each other, which is done for example via a membrane. Such membranes have the property of exchanging protons but retaining gases.
  • the electrons released during the reduction can be conducted as electrical current through a consumer, for example the electric motor of an automobile.
  • Hydrogen is used as fuel and oxygen as oxidant. If you want to operate the fuel cells with a readily available or storable fuel such as natural gas, methanol or the like, you first have to convert the respective hydrocarbons into a hydrogen-rich gas.
  • the fuel cells are ideally operated in a narrow temperature range. In the case of fuel cells with a proton-conducting polymer membrane (PEM fuel cells), which are preferably used in mobile applications, for example in vehicles, this temperature range is approximately between 60 ° C. and 90 ° C.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell, with which the fuel cell can be operated as far as possible in the ideal temperature range.
  • an arrangement is to be provided with which the fuel cell, for example at the start of a fuel cell system, can be accelerated to the ideal operating temperature.
  • a correspondingly improved fuel cell system is to be provided.
  • this object is achieved by a
  • Arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell with a flow line for a heating / cooling medium, which is connected or connectable to the fuel cell in such a way that a thermal exchange takes place or can take place between the fuel cell and the heating / cooling medium in the flow line, and with a heating device which is thermally connected or connectable to the fuel cell.
  • the arrangement according to the invention allows a fuel cell to be heated very quickly to the ideal operating temperature range in a simple manner. Loss heat is regularly generated in the fuel cell during operation, which causes the fuel cell to heat up. After the operating temperature has been reached, the temperature in the
  • the fuel cell is now additionally heated via a separate heating device which is thermally connected or connectable to the fuel cell.
  • the heating device can be connected either directly or indirectly to the fuel cell.
  • An indirect connection can be made, for example, via the flow line for the heating / cooling medium of the fuel cell. This configuration is described in more detail below.
  • the fuel cell can be preheated by the separate heating device and thus accelerated to the ideal operating temperature. This means that the fuel cell is fully operational in a very short time. This is particularly desirable when operating fuel cells in vehicles, since the vehicle should normally be moved as soon as possible after boarding.
  • it may be desirable to start the fuel cell at a predetermined point in time which can be done, for example, using a suitable time control, for example a timer or the like.
  • the start time for the fuel cell can first be set using the time control.
  • the heating device is then started, among other things, so that it can preheat the fuel cell and bring it to the ideal operating temperature.
  • the flow line for the heating / cooling medium is connected or connectable to the fuel cell in such a way that a thermal exchange between the fuel cell and the heating / cooling medium takes place or can take place in the flow line.
  • the fuel line can be penetrated by the flow line, for example, at least in some areas.
  • the flow line can be designed, for example, as a pipe coil or the like.
  • the heating / cooling medium flows through the flow line, as a result of which heat is exchanged between the heating / cooling medium and the fuel cell.
  • the heating / cooling medium which flows through the flow line can initially be cooled. When flowing through that area of the flow line which is located in the fuel cell, the heat loss generated by the fuel cell is given off to the heating / cooling medium located in the flow line.
  • the heating / cooling medium in the flow line can also be used to heat the fuel cell.
  • the heating / cooling medium that flows through the flow line is before entering the Fuel cell heated.
  • the heating device is preferably designed as a burner or an electrical heating element.
  • the heating device is designed as a burner, in particular as a catalytic burner, it can be operated, for example, from a partial flow of the fuel which is actually intended for the fuel cell. If the fuel of the fuel cell is generated in an upstream module from another energy source, such as methanol, gasoline, natural gas, methane, coal gas, biogas or another hydrocarbon, the heating device can also be operated directly with these hydrocarbons. It is also conceivable to operate the heating device via the exhaust gas flow of the fuel and / or the oxidizing agent of the fuel cell, since these still contain combustible components (cathode exhaust gas) or oxygen (anode exhaust gas).
  • another energy source such as methanol, gasoline, natural gas, methane, coal gas, biogas or another hydrocarbon
  • the heating device is designed as an electrical heating element, the required electrical energy can be made available by a battery, in particular in the first time, that is to say when the fuel cell is started up. If the fuel cell is used in a vehicle, the battery for the vehicle electrical system can be used as the battery.
  • Heating element can be designed, for example, but not exclusively, as a heating wire, heating coil or the like.
  • the flow line for the heating / cooling medium is advantageously designed as a closed heating / cooling circuit. This way the amount of in the
  • Circulating heating / cooling medium can be minimized, since no heating / cooling medium can escape from the flow line during a circulation cycle.
  • the heating device is arranged in the flow line.
  • the heat which is required in particular for the rapid start of the fuel cell, can be transferred via the heating / cooling circuit of the fuel cell.
  • This indirect thermal connection of the heating device with the fuel cell achieves, on the one hand, that the fuel cell can be preheated and accelerated to the ideal operating temperature.
  • the heating device can also take on further functions which are described in more detail below.
  • Heating / cooling medium may be provided.
  • the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium within the flow line can be set via such a conveying device.
  • the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium also influences the heat exchange rate between the heating / cooling medium and the fuel cell.
  • the conveyor can be designed differently. If, for example, a liquid heating / cooling medium such as water, oil or the like is used, the delivery device is preferably designed as a pump. For example, as a heating / cooling medium
  • the conveyor is preferably designed as a blower.
  • the invention is not limited to the conveyor devices mentioned.
  • a heat sink can advantageously be arranged in the flow line.
  • the heat / cooling medium flowing through the flow line can transfer the heat loss from the fuel cell to the heat sink.
  • the heat sink can be a cooler, for example, which emits the heat to the ambient air.
  • the heat sink can be connected to the flow line via a valve, in particular a three-way valve.
  • this valve is switched in such a way that the heating / cooling medium can be guided past the heat sink, for example via a suitable bypass line. If the heater is located within the flow line, can in this way, the fuel cell is first brought to the desired temperature. When the fuel cell has reached the ideal operating temperature and the heat loss must now be dissipated, the valve can be switched so that the heat absorbed by the heating / cooling medium is released to the heat sink.
  • a further heat sink can advantageously be provided in the flow line. This acts, for example, as a heater acting outside the fuel cell and can be used, for example, to air-condition the passenger cell of a vehicle.
  • the heat sink can be designed, for example, as a heat exchanger.
  • Fuel-generated heat loss can thus be removed from the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow conduit and transported to the further heat exchanger.
  • the heat is extracted from the heating / cooling medium in the heat exchanger so that it can subsequently be used for air conditioning the passenger compartment.
  • the heating device described above which is connected to the fuel cell, is arranged in the flow line, this can also be used to heat the passenger cell - for example as additional heating or auxiliary heating. This is particularly useful if the
  • Fuel cell is operated in the low power range, where it generates little waste heat and the heat loss at the heat sink or the heat sinks is large, for example at low outside temperatures.
  • the heating device can be used not only for preheating the fuel cell, but also in the stationary operation of the
  • Fuel cell where it can counteract a cooling of the operating temperature of the fuel cell below the minimum value of the ideal temperature range of the fuel cell. This can be necessary for systems with and without a heat sink if the fuel cell is operated at a low power output and the outside temperatures are extremely low.
  • a fuel cell system with at least one fuel cell and with an arrangement according to the invention as described above for heating / cooling the fuel cell.
  • the advantages, effects, effects and the Operation of the fuel cell system is referred to in full and referred to the above statements regarding the arrangement according to the invention for heating / cooling the fuel cell.
  • the heating device can preferably be connected to a supply line for the fuel for the fuel cell.
  • the heating device if it is designed as a burner, can be operated from a partial flow of the fuel of the fuel cell.
  • the heating device can be connected to an arrangement for generating / processing the fuel for the fuel cell.
  • a heating device designed as a burner can be operated directly with substances from which the fuel for the fuel cell is produced or processed.
  • the heating device can be connected to a derivation for the fuel and / or a derivation for the oxidizing agent from the fuel cell.
  • the exhaust gas flows emerging from the fuel cell are usually hot, so that this heat can be used to heat the heating / cooling medium within the flow line.
  • the fuel cell system can have two or more
  • An arrangement according to the invention as described above for heating / cooling a fuel cell in or for a vehicle can advantageously be used. Furthermore, a fuel cell system according to the invention as described above can also preferably be used in or for a vehicle.
  • the vehicle sector offers particularly good possible uses for the invention in this field.
  • Examples include fuel cells for mobile devices such as computers or the like, right up to power plants.
  • the fuel line technology is particularly suitable for the decentralized energy supply of houses, industrial plants or the like.
  • the present invention is preferably used in connection with fuel cells with polymer membranes (PEM). These fuel cells have a high electrical efficiency, cause only minimal emissions, have an optimal part-load behavior and are essentially free of mechanical wear.
  • PEM polymer membranes
  • Figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system according to the invention.
  • the figure shows a fuel cell system 10 for a vehicle, which has a number of fuel cells 11, which are combined to form a fuel cell stack. For the sake of clarity, there is only one in the figure
  • Fuel cell 11 shown.
  • the arrangement 20 has a flow line 21 designed as a closed heating / cooling circuit 22, through which a liquid heating / cooling medium, for example water, oil or the like, flows.
  • a liquid heating / cooling medium for example water, oil or the like
  • part of the flow line 21 is connected to the fuel cell 11 in such a way that a thermal exchange between the fuel cell 11 and the heating / cooling medium takes place or can take place in the flow line 21.
  • the fuel cell 11 is part of the Flow line 21 passes through.
  • the flow line 21 is preferably designed as a coil.
  • a pump device 24 is also provided, via which the flow rate of the heating /
  • Cooling medium is set and regulated.
  • a heat sink 25 designed as an air-cooled cooler is provided, which is connected to the flow line 21 via a three-way valve 26.
  • a bypass line 27 is also provided, which is connected to the valve 26 and the flow line 21.
  • a further heat sink 28 is provided in the flow line 21, which, like the heat sink 25, is designed as an indirect heat exchanger and is used, for example, for air conditioning the passenger compartment of the vehicle (not shown) in which the fuel cell 11 is installed.
  • the fuel cell system 10 When the fuel cell system 10 is used to operate a vehicle, it is desirable that the fuel cell system 10 provide sufficient power immediately after the vehicle is started to operate the vehicle. For this it is necessary that the fuel cell 1 1 as quickly as possible to the ideal operating temperature, which in the case of a PEM fuel cell is between 60 ° C. and
  • the fuel cell 11 is thus preheated via the heating device 23 and accelerated to the ideal operating temperature.
  • valve 26 is switched in the starting phase of the fuel cell 11 in such a way that that the heating / cooling medium is conducted past the heat sink 25 via the bypass line 27.
  • the same can also be provided for the heat sink 28.
  • the heat loss generated in the fuel cell 11 must be dissipated. This is done via the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line 21.
  • the heat loss generated in the fuel cell 11 is transferred to the heating / cooling medium circulating in the heating / cooling circuit 22.
  • This heat carried by the heating / cooling medium can now be transferred to the heat sink 25, which in the present case is designed as an air-cooled cooler.
  • the valve 26 is first switched over in such a way that the bypass line 27 is blocked and the heating / cooling medium now flows through the heat sink 25.
  • the heat sink 25 absorbs the heat stored in the heating / cooling medium and releases it to the ambient air.
  • the fuel cell 11 is operated, for example, only in the low power range, where it generates only a little waste heat, and if the heat removal at the further heat sink 28, which serves as regular heating for the passenger cell, is particularly high, for example due to low outside temperatures, that can Heating device 23 as an additional heater or as an auxiliary heater for the
  • Passenger cell can be used. Via the heating device 23, the heating / cooling medium in the flow conduit 21, which has already taken up the small waste heat from the fuel cell 11, is further heated, so that a sufficient heat potential is generated in the heating / cooling medium, which is released to the heat sink 28 can be.
  • a corresponding heat potential is generated in the heating / cooling medium, which is released to the heat sink 28 can be.
  • the valve 26 can be switched in such a way that that the heating / cooling medium is passed temporarily or only with a partial flow via the bypass line 27 to avoid an excessive drop in temperature.
  • the heating device 23 can not only be used for preheating the fuel cell system 10, but is also in stationary operation. of the fuel cell system 10 is useful because, at low electrical power, it can counteract a lowering of the operating temperature of the fuel cell 11 below the minimum value of the ideal temperature range.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de pile à combustible (10) comprenant une pile à combustible (11) et un dispositif (20) de chauffage/réfrigération de la pile à combustible (11). Grâce au dispositif (20), il est possible, en particulier en cas de démarrage rapide du système (10), de préchauffer la pile à combustible (11) et d'accélérer le chauffage pour l'amener à la température idéale de fonctionnement. A cet effet, il est prévu dans une conduite d'écoulement d'un fluide de chauffage/réfrigération (21), un dispositif de chauffage (23) assurant le chauffage dudit fluide. Du fait que la conduite d'écoulement (21) est connectée avec la pile à combustible (11) de façon qu'un échange thermique puisse avoir lieu entre la pile et le fluide de chauffage/réfrigération dans la conduite d'écoulement (21), la chaleur générée par le dispositif de chauffage (23) dans ledit fluide de chauffage/réfrigération peut être fournie à la pile à combustible (11). En fonctionnement en régime permanent de la pile (11), la chaleur perdue de la pile (11) peut être transmise à un puits de chaleur (25 ; 28) par ledit fluide circulant dans la conduite d'écoulement (21). Outre sa fonction de chauffer rapidement et à température élevée la pile (11), le dispositif de chauffage (23) peut être utilisé, lorsque la pile (11) est montée dans un véhicule, en même temps comme chauffage auxiliaire ou comme chauffage permanent pour le véhicule.
PCT/DE2000/002155 1999-07-01 2000-06-30 Dispositif de chauffage/refrigeration d'une pile a combustible, et systeme de pile a combustible WO2001003216A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19931062A DE19931062B4 (de) 1999-07-01 1999-07-01 Anordnung zum Beheizen/Kühlen einer Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellensystem und deren Verwendung
DE19931062.9 1999-07-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001003216A1 true WO2001003216A1 (fr) 2001-01-11

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DE (1) DE19931062B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001003216A1 (fr)

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US6884529B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2005-04-26 E. I. Du Pont Canada Company Method of heating up a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
US7368196B2 (en) 2003-04-03 2008-05-06 General Motors Corporation Cold start pre-heater for a fuel cell system
DE102016200612A1 (de) 2016-01-19 2017-07-20 Volkswagen Ag Heiz- und Kühlsystem für einen Brennstoffzellenstapel, hydraulische Weiche für ein solches sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb desselben

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US7135245B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2006-11-14 General Motors Corporation Apparatus and method for stack temperature control
US20050175875A1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2005-08-11 Nelson Amy E. Cooling subsystem for an electrochemical fuel cell system
DE102004011290A1 (de) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Kraftstofftank mit einem Aktivkohlefilter sowie mit einem Heizgerät
US20050271908A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-08 Bruce Lin Cooling subsystem for an electrochemical fuel cell system
DE102006007026A1 (de) 2006-02-15 2007-08-23 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Kombination eines Wärme erzeugenden Systems mit einem Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102007054299A1 (de) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Volkswagen Ag Kühlsystem für eine Brennstoffzelle eines Brennstoffzellenfahrzeuges
US8415067B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2013-04-09 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Three-way diverter assembly for a fuel cell system
DE102009028648A1 (de) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Temperiervorrichtung

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 525 (E - 1436) 21 September 1993 (1993-09-21) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6884529B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2005-04-26 E. I. Du Pont Canada Company Method of heating up a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
US7368196B2 (en) 2003-04-03 2008-05-06 General Motors Corporation Cold start pre-heater for a fuel cell system
DE102016200612A1 (de) 2016-01-19 2017-07-20 Volkswagen Ag Heiz- und Kühlsystem für einen Brennstoffzellenstapel, hydraulische Weiche für ein solches sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb desselben

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