WO2000073086A1

WO2000073086A1 - Ply bond for sheet plys and method and device for producing a ply bond

Info

Publication number: WO2000073086A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/004822
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rainer Buschulte; Martin Bohn; Wolfgang Scheller
Original assignee: Bielomatik Leuze Gmbh + Co.
Priority date: 1999-05-26
Filing date: 2000-05-26
Publication date: 2000-12-07
Also published as: AU5397400A; DE10018151A1

Abstract

A paper web (41 or 42) is folded and cut in such a way that one of the fold plys (4) forms binding tabs (14) following on from the fold, said binding tabs lying along the fold, at a distance from each other. The binding tabs (14) are then fixed to the next ply with glue or similar by pressing, without the fold joint (13) being stiffened. As a result, the individual sheet plys that are joined by the binding in such a way that they form a block can be delaminated or folded over without tension.

Description

Description:

Layer binding for sheet layers as well

Method and device for making a ply bond

The invention relates to the binding of sheet layers made of a sheet material which can form sheets of paper, plastic or the like and which is intended to be bound on the back as a book, brochure or the like. The single sheet layer can be single-layered or formed by a folded double sheet.

For binding, the binding edges of the sheet layers lying on the back of the layer block can be provided with an adhesive plastic layer, the thickness of which is at least half a millimeter and which runs from the top to the bottom sheet. For opening the block, namely the book or the brochure, the individual sheet layers do not have uniaxial hinge zones, but they have to be curved over a larger radius and are therefore under resilient tension. The block therefore has an unfavorable flatness when opened. In addition, the outermost cover layer cannot be flipped to the other outermost cover layer without folding. The device or machine for producing such bindings is very complex technically and in terms of space.

The binding can also be done with a wire comb or a spiral that penetrates perforations in the sheet layers. This binding protrudes far beyond the outer sides of the outermost cover layers and is against damage or deformation sensitive. Like the devices required for its manufacture, it is also technically very complex.

The invention is also based on the object of creating a layer bond and a method and an apparatus for its production which avoid disadvantages of known designs but have advantages of the said bonds. In particular, the binding should allow the sheet layers to be turned over with low tension and to achieve a good flatness of the opened block. Furthermore, the binding should not protrude, or should protrude only insignificantly, from the sheet layers, and the binding edge having the binding edges should have the same thickness as the regions of the block removed therefrom. The bound block should be easy to manufacture, e.g. in the run from a material or layer web, which is divided into the individual sheet layers.

According to the invention, the sheet layers are or are connected to one another at their large areas, possibly with information printed on them. The connection is adhesive and can be a glue, a press crimp or the like, which allow direct contact of the two connected large areas in their area. The connections are therefore completely within the outer edges of the sheet layers, which can have hinges, such as folds, which can be opened or turned over to the outside with or without a distance from the connection. This

Joints can be uniaxial, e.g. only be formed by a single fold break.

The connection between the sheet layers is expediently provided only in partial areas which are spaced apart over the length of the connection or the binding edge and by incisions or cutouts from the other areas of the Leaf layers can be delimited. The binding edges or the outside of the folds can therefore remain free of an adhesive coating or binding layer.

When the block is closed, the respective binding attachment lies at the same level in a section of a sheet layer, namely the sheet layer from which it is separated, or an adjacent sheet layer. This prevents thickening of the block in the area of the connection. The binding approaches and cutouts can be congruent in sheet layers lying on one another. In contrast, the approaches and cutouts in further sheet layers lying between two such sheet layers are laterally offset and in turn also congruent.

The bound block can also be provided with a book cover which, at a distance from the binding edges, forms a back strip which is substantially more rigid or flexible than the sheet layers. This achieves the properties of a book binding.

The configuration according to the invention is particularly suitable for using a connecting means for the connection, which can be converted by means of an aid into a state of higher adhesion and reversibly into a state with which there is little or no adhesion. The aid can act without contact, for example radiation, such as heat and / or pressure or compression. As a result, the connecting means can be brought onto the sheet layers in the second, for example liquid or viscous, state, then transferred to the first, for example dry, state and brought back into the second state for the purpose of establishing the connection. All three processes can be carried out successively on the same, continuously tensioned or moving web or sheet layer in the conveying direction. The layer can be thinner than the sheet layer, for example at most half or a quarter of the thickness of the sheet layer. The sheet layer can also be impregnated with the connecting means only over a partial thickness, so that it does not become thicker due to the connecting means.

According to the method according to the invention, a sheet or a web of the sheet material is provided with a binding attachment by double-layer folding during a conveying or feed movement, which is attached to the sheet layer adjacent to it by pressing transversely to the layer plane and the fold of which forms the uniaxial joint. Both sheets of paper are partly or largely unconnected and can be turned over independently of one another. For connection, none of the sheet layers has to be folded about an axis lying transversely to the back or its joint. Also, in view of the block, none of the connections projects as a projection to the outside of the block over the joints by more than 10, 5 or 1 times the sheet thickness.

The device for producing the binding can separate the sheet layers from an endless sheet web, which is continuously conveyed under tension, from a storage device, such as a paper roll. The folding or the production of the cutouts or the cutting out of the binding attachments and, if necessary, the belei before or after a cross cutter. Use the cross cutter to cut across and lengthways

Direction of conveyance from the front end of the layer web, the individual sheet layers successively separated or separated. Downstream of the folding station and the cross cutter as well as, if applicable, the gluing station, there is a collecting station for covering each subsequent sheet layer in the same way on the sheet layer previously created during the gathering and for establishing the connection by pressing. Before docking the sheet layers can be brought together in a shingled layer flow, the conveying direction of which is expediently perpendicular to the conveying direction of the layer web so that the folds are required in advance.

These and further features of the invention emerge from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features being realized individually and in groups in the form of subcombinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other fields and being advantageous and for Protectable versions can be represented, for which protection is claimed here. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. The drawings show:

Fig. 1 a binding according to the invention, partially in

Cuts that are offset from each other across the plane of the drawing,

2 the binding according to FIG. 1 in plan view and partially opened,

3 shows a further exemplary embodiment in representations and 4 lungs according to FIGS. 1 and 2,

5 shows two further exemplary embodiments in representations and 6 lungs according to FIG. 4,

7 three further exemplary embodiments in representations to 9 lungs according to FIG. 1,

10 shows a material web in its process change in plan view, 11 shows a binding produced from the material web according to FIG. 10 in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1,

12 is a detail of FIG. 11 in an enlarged and modified representation,

13 shows a device for producing a bound product in a view perpendicular to the sheet layers, and

14 shows a further embodiment of a device.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a binding 1 of a block 2, such as a book, a brochure or the like, of sheet layers 3 to 7, which lie congruently on top of one another and are asymmetrically folded, which lie on one another with their large areas 8 and are firmly connected at the back 9 with connections 10 are, so that they can only be separated by destroying the binding layer 10. On back 9, layers 3 to 7 form congruent binding edges 11 and binding edges 12 adjoining them. Each binding edge 11 is formed by the outside of a fold 13, which in turn is a joint for turning over the associated sheet layers 3 to 7. In addition to the associated sheet layers 3 to 7, each fold 13 has a double-layered or plane-parallel binding attachment 14 which delimits a cutout 15 on both sides. In the unfolded state and before the connection 10 is made, the binding attachment is therefore a binding tab which projects freely transversely to the associated sheet edge and whose length can be greater or less than its width. In the first case, the associated edge of the sheet is comb-shaped with a multiplicity of parallel binding approaches 14 and cutouts lying in between.

When the block 2 is closed, the connection 10 and each binding tab 14 and each cutout 15 extend from the edge 11 only over the width of the binding edge 12 in the direction of the opposite edge 16 of the book 2, which is turned away from the spine 9. 1 shows the length of the binding tabs 14 or the same width of the edge 12 and the connection 10 in relation to the thickness of the sheet layers 3 to 7 and in FIG. 2 in relation to the length of the back 9. This length can be at most ten or five millimeters, be the same size as the width of the individual flap 14 and is twice as large when opened.

The opposite edges 16 of all sheet layers 3 to 7 are also congruent one above the other according to FIG. 1. The same applies to the transverse edges 17 of the sheet layers 3 to 7. The sheet layers 3 to 7 form first sheet layers 3, 5 and 7 and second sheet layers 4, 6, which are each arranged between two first sheet layers 3, 5. The tabs 14 of the first sheet layers 3, 5, 7 are congruent with one another and in the plane of the respectively adjacent second sheet ply 4, 6 and in their cutouts 15, which are congruent one above the other. The same applies analogously to the tabs 14 of the second sheet layers 4, 6 with respect to the first sheet layers 3, 5, 7. As a result, the tabs 14 of the second sheet layers 4, 6 are along the edges 11 with respect to the tabs 14 of the first sheet layers 3, 5, 7 offset by half the distance between two adjacent tabs 14 or two adjacent cutouts 15 of a sheet layer. In plan view, the central planes perpendicular to the edges 11 of all the tabs 14 of the one sheet layer 3, 5, 7 and 4, 6 lying one above the other are symmetrical to the associated ones lying one above the other Cutouts 15 of the other sheet layers 4, 6 or 3, 5, 7. The cutouts 15 are at least as wide as the tabs 14 or, on the other hand, at most one or two to three millimeters wider. When scrolling, the side edges of the tabs 14 cannot touch the side edges of the cutouts 15. The connections 10 are only provided between a first sheet layer 3 and the next following first sheet layer 5 and between a second sheet layer 4 and the next following second sheet layer 6.

Through the cutouts 15, the tabs 14 in each sheet layer 3 to 7 form a fold or hinge section 19 with a common hinge axis 20 at a distance between their ends or in the center of their length. The parallel hinge axes 20 of adjacent sheet layers 3, 4 and 4, 5 or all leaf layers 3 to 7 lie one above the other transversely to the layer plane, but in a common plane parallel to the back 9. Each tab 14 is attached via a single connection 18 of the connection 10 to the large surface 8 facing away from the associated tab 14 of the sheet layer 5 next to the next. The attachment extends to the free end of the tab 14, up to the

Side edges and up to the fold 13 or 19, however, does not grasp or stiffen its outer curvature.

The sections 18, 19 of the first sheet layers 3, 5, 7 are offset from the corresponding sections 21, 22 of the second sheet layers 4, 6 in the manner described, parallel to the axes 20. The ends of the tabs 14 of the one sheet layer 3, 5, 7 can be set back slightly from the bottom surfaces of the cutouts 15 of the other sheet layers 4, 6, so that when the block is closed they lie completely within these cutouts. The tabs

14 are at most as thick as the receiving cutout

15 leaf layer. 1, all sheet layers 3 to 7 and tabs 14 are of the same thickness. The one sheet layers 3, 5, 7 connect with outermost tabs 14 directly to the transverse edges 17; the other sheet layers 4, 6 adjoin these side edges 17 with the bottom surfaces of their outermost cutouts 15. The outermost tabs 14 can have the same width as all the other tabs and the outermost, angular cutouts 15 have a slightly smaller width than all the other cutouts. The width of the edge 12 or the connection 10 is at most ten or five millimeters and can also be less than four millimeters.

1 shows a dot-dash line and FIG. 2 shows in solid lines the trouble-free opening of the sheet layers 3 to 5 about the axes 20 and how the tabs 14 lie in the cutouts 15. Each sheet layer can be pivoted independently of the underlying layer by 270 ° parallel to the back 9 or, if the block 2 is sufficiently thin, also 360 ° to the outside of the bottom layer 7. The lowermost or uppermost sheet layer 7 or 3 can be partially or completely covered with an unfolded cover layer 23, which consists of the same or thicker material as the sheets 3 to 7 and on the inner large area 8 of which the tabs 14 of the two sheet layers lying immediately adjacent to one another are fastened alternately lying side by side with connections 10. The penultimate layer, which is immediately adjacent to layer 7, therefore has a slightly more curved fold 13 in order to bridge the double-layer thickness of layer 7 in the region of edge 12.

In FIGS. 3 to 6 and 10 to 12, two adjacent sheet layers are each formed in one piece, namely as a folded double sheet with two sheet layers 3, 4 of the same size or 5, 6. In FIGS. 3, 4 and 11, the binding attachments 14 are cut out or punched out of the lower or upper sheet layer 4 or 3 without waste. The legs of the U-shaped tab 14 adjoin the rectilinear fold line 11 at right angles or at an angle, but do not extend into the other sheet position. The tabs 14 lie one behind the other at a greater distance than their width according to FIGS. 4 to 6 and smaller according to FIG. 10. The respective associated tabs of all double sheets are congruent or offset over the thickness of the block 2, as in FIG. 2.

The outside of each tab 14 is fastened to the next sheet layer 5 or 7 with the connection 10. The sheet layer 3 without a tab can therefore be opened independently of the associated sheet layer 4 and without the tabs 14 projecting therefrom about the axis 20 of the fold line 11, while the tabs 14 remain closed with the sheet 4 at the same level. If the layer 4 is now opened, the tabs 14 remain level with the closed layer 5, with which they can in turn be opened.

At the free ends of the legs of each tab 14 there are holes 24 or punctiform embossing of the layer material, which lie in the fold line 11 or joint axis 20 and form the ends of the legs of the cutouts 15. These holes 24 or embossing points are circular with a width of at most three or two millimeters and protect the tabs 14 against tearing into the tab-free layer 3. The bottom sheet layer 23 is formed by the bottom sheet layer of the bottom double sheet.

According to FIG. 5, each double sheet 5, 6 alternately protrudes from the fold line 19 in opposite directions and therefore alternately from each of the two sheet layers 5 and 6 cut out tabs 14. The tabs 14 separated from the layer 5 are attached via individual connections 18 to the overlying layer 4 and the tabs 14 separated from the position 6 are attached via individual connections 21 to the lower layer of the next double sheet, which is located underneath. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 or its combination with FIG. 4 or FIG. 6, the tabs 14, in particular alternately, protrude freely in opposite directions, so that each tab 14 can be provided with a centrally symmetrical glue field, the Center lies in fold line 11. The glue field can be circular or polygonal and the tab 14 is then a semicircle or a semi-polygon. The distance between adjacent tabs can be less than 4 mm, 3 mm or 2 mm and therefore less than the greatest width of the tab or half of it. Such an embodiment can be produced according to FIGS. 10 and 14, the cuts 15 lying on one side of the folding line 11 in a first station and the cuts 15 lying on the other side in a directly succeeding station separately from both sides of the sheet layer or of the folded sheet. As a result, all layers have tabs 14 or cutouts 15.

6, the tabs 14 extend on both sides of the fold line 11 or axis 20 over equally large distances, so that the fold line 11 lies in the middle between its ends. The fold line 11 can also lie off-center to the flap 14, in particular in such a way that the longitudinal part of the longitudinal end thereof is longer than the foot part. This makes browsing even easier. The distance between the tabs 14 can be equal to their width.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, in FIG. 5, in FIG. 6 and in FIG. 11, all one-piece arches can be of the same design, in particular if, in contrast to FIGS. 1 and 2, all the tabs in the respective longitudinal region of the fold line 11 are congruent. By changing the distance of the next tab 14 from the edge 17 during the transverse separation of the sheet from the paper web, the mutual offset of tabs 14 lying directly one above the other can be achieved with otherwise the same sheet formation.

According to FIG. 7, the block 2 is arranged in an envelope 25, such as a book cover which is substantially more rigid than the sheet layers. It has a back web 26 covering the back 9, to which two lids 27, 28 connect as rigid legs. The covers 27, 28 are flush with the edges 16, 17 of the block 2 and are connected in one piece to the web 26 via joints 29. Their axes lie parallel to the axes 20 or in their common axial plane.

For the flat connection of the one cover 27 to the block 2, a folded connecting part 30 is provided from the material of the layers 3 to 7, the layers or legs 31, 32 of the same length, although reaching to the edges 17, but not to the edge 16. The legs 31, 32 are of the same length as the tabs 14 and are connected to one another in one piece via a fold or a joint 33, the axis of which lies in the axial plane of the axes 20. The upper layer 3 of the uppermost double sheet 3, 4 has cutouts corresponding to the cutouts 15, in which the leg 32 formed only by adjacent tabs engages in the same way as the tabs 14 in the cutouts 15. The outer side of the upper leg 31 is full-area attached to the inner large surface of the lid 27 into the area of the associated joint 29. The lower leg 32 is correspondingly attached to the inner large surface of the lower layer 4 of the uppermost double sheet 3, 4. The tabs 32 and the associated cutouts of the layer 3 are located at a distance between the tabs 14 and cutouts 15 of the layer 4. On the inside of the other cover 28, the tabs 14 of the bottom two double sheets are directly attached over their entire surface. Each of the covers 27, 28 can therefore be opened over more than 180 ° without taking the next adjacent layer 3 with them.

8, the back 9 is provided with a web 35 of a flexible, e.g. Covered textile strip 34, the legs 36, 37 are secured with their inner surfaces on the opposite surfaces of the block 2 facing away from each other. The leg 36 is attached to the outer large surface of the layer 3 and the leg 37 to the outside of the tab 14 of the layer 7. The legs 36, 37 of equal length protrude from the edge 16 via the tabs 14 and are at a distance from the edge 16. The inside of the web 35, which is angled into the legs 36, 37, is not directly attached to the edges 11 and is at a short distance from these .

The covers 27, 28 are fastened with their large inner surfaces to the outer surfaces of the legs 36, 37 over the entire surface. Each transition between the web 35 and a leg 36 or 37 forms a multi-axis joint zone, the joint axes of which are slightly offset to the outside with respect to the common axial plane of the axes 20. Each cover 27 or 28 can thereby be pivoted about the axis 20 of the associated position 3 or 7 as described with reference to position 3 in FIG. 1.

According to FIG. 9, the inner sides of the legs 36, 37 are connected over the entire surface to the outer surfaces of the covers 27, 28. Fig. 9 shows that the tabs 14 can also be folded upwards, so that the tabs 14 of the layer 3 are attached to the entire surface of the inner surface of the cover 27. The part 34 can be a so-called rebate band and the inner surface of the web 35 can be attached directly to the edges 11, namely by gluing. According to FIGS. 8 and 9, the covers 27, 28 are formed by separate, single-layer sheet layers, so that the web 35 forms the exposed outside of the back. Each lid 27, 28 can protrude over each of the edges 16, 17.

The tabs 14 or cutouts 15 can also be designed in the form of part circles or semicircles, symmetrically trapezoidal, triangular or otherwise. Since connecting means 10 are only provided in their area, very little is required of these, namely adhesive. The edges of all layers 3 to 7 facing away from the back 9 can, as indicated in FIG. 9, also have a cross-section which is rounded, e.g. form concave edge 16 as they have books. The uppermost layer 3 or the lowermost layer 7 can also be fastened over the entire surface to the inside of the cover 27 or 23 or 28.

According to FIGS. 10 to 12, a fusible, for example dissolved in water, hot glue is used as an adhesive for the connection 10 or the individual connections 18, 21, which forms a leg 38, 38 'on both sides of the double sheet facing away from one another and also each associated binding edge covered as binding spine 39, so that there is a continuous, U-shaped coating in double-layered sheet. This coating is applied when the sheet is opened or spread out, is centrically symmetrical, such as circular, and is covered with approximately half, ie semicircular, the respective binding tab 14 of the sheet layer 4 or 6 or 23 and with its remaining part 38 ', 39 the sheet length 3 or 5 or 7 and the associated folding edge 11. The binding tab 14 protrudes slightly beyond its binding layer 38 in view that the cut 15 is a short distance away from the layer 38. This prevents the layer 38 from flowing over the cut edge of the tab 14 in the viscous state. The distance between the edge of the layer 38 and the edge of the tab 14 is constant throughout.

According to FIG. 10, the clear distances between adjacent layer legs 38 are equal to the parallel extension of one of the layer legs 38, 38 '. The clear distances between adjacent tabs 14, on the other hand, and compared to the parallel extension of one of the tabs 14, are smaller, but greater than half this

Extension. This results in favorable conditions if the binding layers 38, 38 ', 39 of every second sheet unit are offset by half the average distance between two bonding layers or tabs 14 compared to the bonding layers of the sheet units adjoining on both sides along the binding edges 11. In the case of a congruent position, one of the legs 38, 38 'is omitted for each arch position.

According to FIG. 12, the cut 15 can be made as a squeeze cut and only penetrate a partial thickness, in particular more than half the thickness of the sheet layer 4, so that the tab 14 is initially connected to the remaining sheet layer 4 via a root adjoining the cut 15 remains. This can be prevented during manufacture that the tab 14 after the cut from the plane of the sheet layer 4 folds out by internal stress and the processing for

Binding is disrupted. The cut 15 can be introduced into the sheet layer 4 from the side facing the associated sheet layer 3 or away from the side thereof. Instead, the cut 15 can also be formed by a perforation, so that retaining webs connect the tab 14 to the rest of the layer 4. The cut 15 can not extend according to FIG. 11 or only halfway into the fold 13, such as shown with the double sheet 3, 4. In the double sheet 7, 23, the cut 15 only extends to the beginning of the fold curvature. Extensions of the section 15, which lie between these two possibilities, are also shown. 11, the binding ridges 39 are also to be adhered

Fastening of the back web 26 and / or 35 indicated by dash-dotted lines is suitable, this back being able to be pressed transversely to its plane into the binding back 39.

Using the device 40 in FIG. 13, using the example of the designs according to FIGS. 3 to 7, the method for

Manufacture of block 2 explained, which also applies analogously to all other exemplary embodiments. A material web 41 is drawn off from a store 71, such as a roll (FIG. 14), and continuously moved parallel to its longitudinal direction and its plane in the conveying direction 50 and is held in the direction 50 under tension. The web 41 is divided without waste into strips 42 parallel to the direction 50, from which sheets 43 which are plane transversely to the direction 50 are separated. Before (FIG. 14) or afterwards, the strips 42 or the sheet sheets 43 are folded into folding strips or sheet sheets 44 and provided with the tabs 14, so that tab sheets 45 are formed. The tab areas are glued beforehand (FIG. 14) or thereafter and glue sheets 46 are thereby formed, which are then overlapped with one another to form a shingled stream to form shingling sheets 47.

Before the separation into strips 42, parallel cuts 48 are made parallel to the later fold line 11 at a distance one behind the other, which form the top and bottom edges of the tabs 14 and cutouts 15. After folding, transverse cuts 49 are then made to the longitudinal cuts or the longitudinal perforation 48 through both layers 3, 4 and 3, 14 which cover the flanks of the flaps 14 and Form cutouts 15. The cuts 48 and 49 can also be produced simultaneously, for example in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 10 after folding or according to FIG. 13 before folding and before or after the division into sheet 43.

The scaly arches 47 are pushed one above the other with increasing degree of scaling, so that the edge 12 of each arch 47 is barely not covered by the overlying arches. Then the edge 12 of the respective overlying sheet is raised slightly and this sheet is brought into register with the underlying sheet, after which the edge 12 of the upper sheet is lowered onto the edge 12 of the lower sheet and the edges 12 are pressed together. As a result, the fixed glue connections 10 are made between these sheets. In this way, one sheet 46 or 47 is attached after the other until the desired number of layers of the block is reached. 13, the scales 47 are moved parallel to the plane of the web 41, but transversely or at right angles to the direction 50 in the conveying direction 51, so that their folds 13 run ahead in the shed. The uppermost sheet 46 to be placed on the shingling can, according to FIG. 14, also be moved in the direction 50 to the sheets below. All sheets from all strips 42 can be brought together to form this scaling or can be collected separately to form separate blocks 2.

The device 40 has a stationary frame 52, of which only one cheek 53 is indicated, which, like an opposing one, is laterally immediately adjacent to the web 41. A conveyor 54 conveys the web 41 horizontally below and with and between two conveyors 55, 56

Tension. Each transporter 55 can be be formed on the web 41 engaging with pressure or friction, motor-driven rollers.

Between the transporters 55, 56, a slitter 57 is provided for cutting into the strips 42, the knives of which lie on a common shaft in the same axis for all the longitudinal cuts.

Release agents 58 have a longitudinal separator 59 for making the cuts 48 and a cross separator 60 for making the cuts 49. The knives of the separator 59 or 60 can be provided for all strips 42 on a common shaft in the same axis.

Downstream of the second conveyor 56 is a folding station 61 for folding the respective strip 42 or the sheet 43. 14, the folding station 61 can also lie upstream of the cross cutter 62, which then separates the sheets 44 and 46 from the double-layered strip 42 instead of stro downwards. A plow folder or a glide curve can be used for folding, which only bends one folding position during the conveying movement, while the other or lower one remains flat. The cross cutter 62 connects downstream to the second conveyor 56 and separates the flat layers 43 or folding sheets 46 from the strips 42. The knife of the cross cutter 62 cuts all strips 42 simultaneously. An altar fold is also possible with two folds on the side, of which fold legs are directed towards each other.

Upstream or downstream of the tools or stations 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, a device 63 is provided for coating the tabs 14 with glue in a rotating printing process, which all strips 42 in the same axis processed. The cross separator 60 is located downstream of the folding station 61. A pocket folder can also be folded after the cross cutter 62 so that the fold 13 lies transverse to the direction 50 and runs ahead. Then you can only work in direction 50 until collecting in station 70. The cross cutter 62 separates the edges 16 and the slitter 57 the edges 17.

After the production and gluing of the tabs 14, the sheets 46 are transferred in the direction 50 according to FIG. 13 to a cross conveyor 64, for example conveyor belts, and with their leading edges 17 are moved in the direction 50 against a stop 65, so that each sheet 46 is practical the conveying direction changes without standstill and all sheets remain exactly aligned transversely to direction 51. The sheets are moved along the rail or the stop 65 until they are also guided on an opposite guide curve 66 on the other sides of the edges 17 and are thereby precisely aligned. At the same time, as in the shingling station 70 comprising the conveyor 64, there is an ever greater overlap until the edge 11 of the foremost sheet strikes a stop 67 in a precisely aligned manner. There are no buffer stores for the layer material between the stations.

Before the following sheet has reached the stop 67, it is raised with a device 68, for example with an air flow, suction cups or a separating sword, while it continues to move in the direction 51 and also reaches the stops 67. As a result, as well as possibly a slight lifting during the entire overlap, it is avoided that the glue adheres to the next, underlying sheet before the stop 67 is reached.

When the sheet has reached the stop 37, it is pressed with a pressing device 69 so that its belie- mung firmly connects with the next arch below, as explained with reference to Figures 1 to 9. Heat sealing glue, cold sealing glue or the like can be used as the glue. Correspondingly, hot air, gas, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation or a frequency dryer are suitable for drying in order to dry the glue surface. In the press or Sealing station then the sheet units with cover and bottom sheet 27, 28 are heated and pressed together, so that all layers of the finished book are bonded together at the same time.

10, the stations of the device according to FIG. 14 are indicated with reference numerals. The web 41 is drawn off directly from the store 71 by the first conveyor 55 and immediately afterwards provided with the glue points in the gluing unit 63 or in the unfolded state. Immediately thereafter, these glue spots are dried in a dryer 72 so that they no longer have an adhesive effect. Only then is the web 41 folded in the station 61, and a longitudinal separator 57 according to FIG. 13 can also be provided between the stations 61, 72. Immediately after the station 61, the cutouts 15 are produced in the station 58, namely each cutout 15 completely by a single engagement of a tool, the shape of which corresponds to the overall shape of the cutout 15. 5, on both sides of the fold line 11, two stations 58 and 59, 63 are provided in succession in the direction 50, one of which only the cutouts 15 lying on one side from the one side of the layer plane and the other only produces the cutouts lying on the other side from the other side of the layer plane. Immediately after the station 58, the second conveyor 56 follows and immediately afterwards the cross cutter 62. Then follow the stations 64, 70, which also work in the conveying direction 50.

Each station 71, 54, 63, 72, 61, 58, 56, 62, 64 is formed by a separate unit or module, which can be replaced on its own. The first transporter 55 can belong to the module 71. Each module has two side walls 53 rigidly connected at a distance and between them the associated tools, which are movably mounted on the separate module frame including the side walls 53. If two stations 58 are provided in direct succession in direction 50, these can be formed by a common module or by separate modules, such as stamping.

All rotating tools 55, 56, 59, 60, 62, 63 and the tools 65 to 69 and the conveyor 64 are mounted on the cheeks 53.

The module 71 or 70 is supported like a base 73 for the other modules directly on the foundation. On the base 73 of the frame 52, the modules 63, 72, 61, 58, 56, 62 are each arranged interchangeably so that they can be moved transversely to the conveying direction 50 and parallel to the path plane relative to the base 73 and then braced. The base 73 can also be subdivided into individual units which follow one another in the direction 50 and can be detached from one another without being destroyed. In the base 73 or on its rear longitudinal side there are drive elements which drive the modules together via detachable drive members.

All features of all embodiments can be combined with one another or added to one another. All characteristics and effects can be precise or only essential or be provided approximately as described or, depending on the requirements, also deviate more from it.

Claims

Claims: Layer binding for sheet layers and method and device for producing a layer binding

1. Layer binding for sheet layers (2 to 7) made of a layer material (41), such as paper or the like, the binding edges (12) with binding edges (11) and in the region of the binding edges (12) a connection (10), such as a glue connection from individual connections (18, 21), between the sheet layers (3 to 7) and adjoining the binding edges (11)

Have large areas (8) parallel to the sheet plane, the connection (10) extending over connection areas, characterized by at least one of the features: a) the connection (10) between two sheet layers (3,

5) lies on their large surfaces (8), b) between the connection (10) and the binding edge (11), at least one sheet layer (3, 5) has an essentially uniaxial joint (13) parallel to the binding edge (11) on, c) the sheet layers (3 to 7) are to be turned separately around each hinge axis (20), d) in view of the sheet layers (2 to 7) lying one on top of the other, at least part of the connection (10) is in the direction of the binding edges

(11) does not have an articulated axis (20).

2. Binding according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection (10) along the binding edge (11) is divided into the individual connections, which are at a distance lie next to one another, in particular that the sheet layer (3) forms separate binding projections (14) which protrude next to one another for adjacent individual connections (18, 21), and that preferably the binding edges (11) are not adhesive.

3. Binding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sheet layer (3 to 7) for the connection (10) has a folded binding flap (14), the outside of which is fastened to the connection (10) on a further sheet layer that in particular neighboring binding approaches

(14) or folded binding tabs have a greater distance from one another relative to their width, and that the distance is preferably less than twice or 1.5 times this width.

4. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet layer (3 to 7) can be folded around a folding joint (13), that in particular the folding joint (13) lies essentially in the binding edge (11), and that preferably that Folding joint (13) along the pivot axis (20) forms adjacent, essentially independently pivotable joint sections (19, 22).

5. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between two via a connection (10) directly connected first and third sheet layers (3, 5) at least one further, via the connection (10) parallel to the sheet plane projecting second sheet layer (4th ) it is provided that in particular between the sheet layers (3, 5) only a single further sheet layer (4) is provided, and that preferably the second sheet layer (4) is connected to the third sheet layer (5). ßenden fourth sheet layer (6) via a connection (10) is directly articulated.

6. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent individual connections (18, 21) limit a cutout (15) of the associated sheet layer (3 to 7), that in particular the cutout (15) extends to the joint (13), and that the respective sheet layer (3 to 7) is preferably broken through in two layers by at least one cutout (15).

7. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet layer (3) passes between two adjacent hinge sections (22) of an adjacent sheet layer (4) and can be pivoted independently of the adjacent sheet layer (4), in particular that the binding approaches (14 ) a sheet layer (3) over the

Connection (10) are attached to binding attachments (14) only one further sheet layer (5), and that preferably the second sheet layer (4) lying between the first and third sheet layers (3, 5) has binding attachments (14), which in view between the congruent binding approaches (14) of the first and third sheet layers (3, 5).

8. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two sheet layers (3, 4 or 5, 6) are integrally formed with one another and by the

The binding edge (11) protrudes beyond the connection (10), in particular that the sheet layers (3, 4) are connected to one another via a fold (13) forming the joint, which lies on the binding edge (11), and preferably with the sheet layers unfolded (3, 4) across from Folding line (19) binding tabs (14) projecting in opposite directions are provided.

9. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compound (10) comprises an adhesive (38, 38 ', 39) which can be converted from an essentially dry state into a viscous adhesive state and reversibly into the dry state, that in particular the adhesive is a micro-thin layer (38, 38 ', 39) made of a meltable sealing glue, and that preferably the binding tab (14) protrudes over its layer (38) or at least one tab (14) over predetermined breaking points with the associated sheet layer (4, 6, 23) is connected.

10. A method for producing a layer bond (1) for sheet layers (3 to 7) from a layer material (41), such as

Paper or the like, which are connected in the region of binding edges (12) with binding edges (11) by a connection (10), such as a glue connection, between the sheet layers (3, 5) and large areas adjoining the binding edges (11) (8) parallel to the sheet plane, the connection (10) extending over connection surfaces, characterized by at least one of the features: a) from the sheet material (41) during a feed movement (50) and by folding in

Folding zones (13, 19, 22) two sheets (44), at least on the binding edge (12), each with two one-piece sheet layers (3, 4, 14 or 5, 6, 14) and a joint (13), b) sheets (44) are then directly on their folds (13) only on a part of the largest sheet layer (3, 5) on their large areas (8) firmly connected to one another, c) the layer material (41) is conveyed approximately until the transverse separation of the sheet layers (43) as a tensioned layer web (41), d) before the transverse separation are in the feed direction

(50) one after the other adjacent to the folding zone (13, 19, 22) and then to the connecting surfaces (10) first cuts (48 and 49) are made in the area of the binding edge (12) on the layer web (41).

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the cuts (48, 49) before the connection (10) are made U-shaped, in particular that the legs (49) of at least one U-shaped cut through both bottom layers (3rd , 4) are cut together or only through a single sheet layer (4, 6), and that then preferably the folded sheet layers (47) are shingled, their binding edges (11) are pushed congruently one above the other and the connecting surfaces for producing the connection (10) against one another be pressed.

12. Device for producing a layer bond (1) for sheet layers (3 to 7) from a layer material (41), such as paper or the like, the binding edges (12) with binding edges (11) and in the region of the binding edges (12) a connection

(10), such as a glue connection made of individual connections (18, 21), between the sheet layers (3, 5) and large areas (8) adjoining the binding edges (11) parallel to the sheet plane, the connection (10) extending over connection surfaces , with a device frame (52), a conveyor (54, 64) determining the conveying direction (50, 51) for the layer material (41) and with successive stations in the conveying direction (50, 51) for processing the layer material (41) until the binding (1) is produced, characterized by at least one of the features: a) the conveyor (54, 64) has one upstream

Transverse cutter (62) first and second conveyors (55, 56) for tensioned conveying of the layer material (41), b) downstream of a first conveyor (55) there is a folding station (61) for folding a binding attachment (14) which is smaller relative to the sheet surface a fold (13) is provided, c) downstream of a first conveyor (55) there are separating means (58) for three-sided trimming of a binding attachment (14) of the respective sheet layer

(3, 5) is provided, d) downstream of the separating means (58) for the sheet layer (3, 5) there is a collecting station (70) for stacking the sheet layers (3 to 7) and for pressing the connecting surfaces against one another.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the separating means (58) between the conveyors (55, 56) have a longitudinal separator (59) for producing spaced longitudinal cuts (48) on the connecting surfaces, that the separating means (58) in particular downstream the folding station (61) has a cross separator (60) for producing cross sections adjoining the longitudinal cuts (48) at an angle and penetrating the sheet layer (3) including the fold (13) in two layers

(49), a device (63) for gluing the binding attachment (14) being provided downstream of the first conveyor (55), and preferably A slitter (57) is provided between the transporters (55, 56) and upstream of the folding station (61) for separating the layer material (41) into individual webs (42) conveyed next to one another, the folding station (61) for each of the individual webs (42). has a separate folding device.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the separating means (58) cut the binding attachment (14) on three sides in a single cut and upstream of the cross cutter (62) are provided, in particular that the gluing device (63) upstream of the Folding station (61) is provided and immediately followed by a dryer (72) for gluing, and that preferably the stations (63, 72, 61, 58, 56, 62) can be replaced as individual modules on a base (73) of the device frame (52) arranged and displaceable transversely to the conveying direction (50) on the base (73) and controlled in mutual dependence.