WO2000061360A1 - Isolement par mousse de regulation thermique - Google Patents

Isolement par mousse de regulation thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000061360A1
WO2000061360A1 PCT/US2000/010195 US0010195W WO0061360A1 WO 2000061360 A1 WO2000061360 A1 WO 2000061360A1 US 0010195 W US0010195 W US 0010195W WO 0061360 A1 WO0061360 A1 WO 0061360A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase change
change materials
base material
microencapsulated phase
foam base
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/010195
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lendell Williams
John Nanos
Phil Sheridan
Original Assignee
Lendell Manufacturing Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lendell Manufacturing Inc. filed Critical Lendell Manufacturing Inc.
Priority to AU42466/00A priority Critical patent/AU4246600A/en
Priority to EP00922252A priority patent/EP1169176A1/fr
Priority to JP2000610669A priority patent/JP2002541314A/ja
Priority to CA002369146A priority patent/CA2369146A1/fr
Publication of WO2000061360A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000061360A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0004—Use of compounding ingredients, the chemical constitution of which is unknown, broadly defined, or irrelevant
    • C08J9/0009—Phase change materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/06—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to all insulating cellular foam products
  • cellular foam products that contain a non-microencapsulated medium containing phase change material.
  • the resulting cellular foam products are then used wherever thermal management is required. These products include housing or other forms of insulation, apparel or garments, outdoor clothing, liners, shoe products, textiles or non-woven materials requiring insulating properties.
  • phase change material PCM
  • the microencapsulation only serves to contain the PCM's inside of a micro-shell.
  • the PCM is the substance that actually stores and releases energy according to the targeted temperature.
  • the desired PCM's will regulate or stabilize a targeted temperature.
  • PCM's use the natural property of latent heat energy to absorb or release the heat energy. The absorption or release of energy occurs primarily during the phase change of the PCM.
  • the thermal control material comprises of a cellular foam base material.
  • NMPCM's are homogeneously dispersed throughout the foam base material such that the NMPCM's are surroundingly embedded within the base material, and, may or may not be spaced from each other so that the base material (cellular foam matrix) is between the NMPCM's.
  • the preferred phase change materials that are incorporated in the non-microencapsulated medium includes, but is not limited to, paraffinic hydrocarbons.
  • the cellular foam may also include an anisotropic distribution of particles such that they are concentrated closer to one end of the cellular foam product.
  • the non-microencapsulated entity serves as a carrier or medium in order to contain the PCM's.
  • the choice of a different or more advantageous medium than the microencapsulated medium enables better heat transfer, variety, and compatibility with the base cellular foam.
  • Some of these mediums include high surface area silica. These silica powders retain the phase change material and are easily incorporated in cellular foam products during processing.
  • Other media are as simple as dispersed droplets of the phase change material, which are ideally embedded and retained within the cellular foam matrix itself.
  • a plurality of non-microencapsulated phase change materials are homogeneously dispersed throughout the foam base material such that the NMPCM's are surroundingly embedded within the base material, and, may or may not be spaced from each other so that the base material (i.e., cellular foam matrix) is between the NMPCM's.
  • the NMPCM's contain the phase change material that exhibits the desired thermal properties.
  • the cellular foam base material is a polymeric material such as a foamed organic plastic.
  • the air pockets, which comprise of the cells, can be open or closed.
  • acceptable polymers employed in the foaming industry are polyurethane, ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, latex, polyethylene, polypropylene, butyl, silicone, cellulose acetate, neoprene, epoxy, polystyrene, phenolic, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and other related polymers.
  • the NMPCM's can range in size from sub-micron (typically 0.005 to 0.025 microns for high surface area silica mediums), to several thousand or more microns (such as those found in dispersed droplets of paraffin base phase change materials embedded within the foam matrix) and are formed according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the NMPCM's exhibit a temperature stabilizing means (or phase change material such as the paraffin octadecane) which is accomplished through latent heat energy specific to the phase change material used (see Table A).
  • phase change materials such as water, salt hydrates, quaternary amines, clathrates, linear alkyl hydrocarbons, fatty acids and esters, glycerine, pentaerythritol, pentaglycol, pentylglycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like are characterized by having thermal energy storage properties in the solid-to-liquid transition. Liquid to gas transitions are also possible, but these often present a problem due to the accompanying volume and pressure changes.
  • compositional properties for a given temperature range.
  • melting point of a homologous series of paraffinic hydrocarbons is directly related to the number of carbon atoms as shown in the following Table A:
  • each of the above materials can be incorporated into the non- microencapsulated medium and is most effective near the melting point indicated.
  • the effective temperature range of the cellular foam can be tailored to a specific environment by selecting the corresponding temperature PCM and adding it to the non-microencapsulated medium.
  • the cellular foam can then be designed to have enhanced thermal characteristics over a wide range of temperature or at discrete temperature ranges through proper selection of phase change material.
  • the desired NMPCM's are added to the base polymer, prepolymer (liquid or solution), or reactants and fabrication is accomplished according to conventional or non-conventional foaming techniques.
  • foaming include adding a hardening agent which causes a chemical reaction, thermally setting the base material with heat, or bubbling a gas through the liquid polymer/elastomer while hardening, or other methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the NMPCM's should be added to the liquid polymer/elastomer or reactants prior to hardening and mixed therein to ensure interaction and equal dispersion throughout the mixture.
  • a typical conventional foaming process would include adding the NMPCM's to the isocyanate or polyol side or both sides.
  • the foam samples described below were produced using the commercially available prepolymer PRE'POL on the liquid polymer component side.
  • the NMPCM's were added to another component or the reactant (aqueous) side.
  • the aqueous or reactant side served to disperse the NMPCM's and add other necessary surfactants and/or foaming chemicals.
  • the two components were mixed together in a typical AB component mix utilizing low pressure, high shear foaming equipment.
  • the mixed, uncured foam was poured onto a conveyor and made into continuous sheets, which were cured, and dried.
  • the uncured foam can also be poured into blocks for non- continuous foaming processes.
  • the NMPCM's have also been added to the prepolymer or liquid polymer side and foamed.
  • interacted and/or dispersed and subsequent particles may or may not be spaced apart from each other.
  • the non-microencapsulated particles will be embedded within a cellular foam base and further, the space between neighboring adjacent non- microencapsulated particles will be base material and not necessarily the foaming gas.
  • the interaction/dispersing step coats the NMPCM's and that the interaction of the polymer/elastomer maintains contact/embedding around the NMPCM's during and after foaming.
  • the gas pockets formed during foaming are ideally substantially free of NMPCM's.
  • Typical concentrations of NMPCM's particles added to the base foam polymer range from about 10% to 80% by weight. The foregoing concentrations are believed to allow the foam base material to possess enough NMPCM's for the thermal characteristics, but not enough to interfere with the desired properties or structural integrity of the cellular foam base. It will be noted that the NMPCM's embedded within a foam as described above are actually surrounded by the cellular foam matrix itself and not by more than one distinct wall or separation. In the case of the high surface area silica medium, the silica may be in direct contact with the polymer foam matrix.
  • phase change material may be adsorbed or absorbed to the surface of the silica, thus some phase change material may be in direct contact with the polymer foam matrix.
  • the phase change material may be in direct contact and embedded within the cellular foam matrix.
  • These dispersed droplets can have a singular surfactant or chemical dispersant layer or separation between the phase change material and cellular foam matrix.
  • the interaction of the phase change material with the medium (such as the silica), or the physical embedding into the polymer foam matrix is a means for containing the phase change material.
  • the phase change materials should ideally have high latent heats of fusion ( ⁇ H f ) on the order of >30 calories per gram. Some of the pure alkyl hydrocarbons have heats of fusion around 60 cal/g.
  • NMPCM embedded cellular foam products have been reduced to practice.
  • silica loaded open-celled hydrophilic polyurethane foams were also produced incorporating up to 55% silica NMPCM's.
  • higher paraffin wax concentrated silica were also produced using 60/40, 65/35, 68/32, and 70/30 silica/octadecane paraffin wax as the NMPCM's.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un produit en mousse cellulaire contenant une matière à changement de phase dans un milieu non microencapsulé. Ce milieu, qui contient la matière à changement de phase, est dispersé de façon homogène dans la base en mousse cellulaire. On peut optimiser la quantité et le type du milieu contenant la matière à changement de phase pour effectuer une régulation thermique et améliorer les propriétés cellulaires. On peut appliquer ou stratifier le produit en mousse cellulaire obtenu sur différentes matières pour fabriquer des vêtements, des produits isolants, des produits cosmétiques, des appareils médicaux et analogues nécessitant un isolement thermique.
PCT/US2000/010195 1999-04-14 2000-04-14 Isolement par mousse de regulation thermique WO2000061360A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU42466/00A AU4246600A (en) 1999-04-14 2000-04-14 Thermal managing foam insulation
EP00922252A EP1169176A1 (fr) 1999-04-14 2000-04-14 Isolement par mousse de regulation thermique
JP2000610669A JP2002541314A (ja) 1999-04-14 2000-04-14 熱制御フォーム断熱材
CA002369146A CA2369146A1 (fr) 1999-04-14 2000-04-14 Isolement par mousse de regulation thermique

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12925199P 1999-04-14 1999-04-14
US60/129,251 1999-04-14
US13362799P 1999-05-11 1999-05-11
US60/133,627 1999-05-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000061360A1 true WO2000061360A1 (fr) 2000-10-19

Family

ID=26827405

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/010195 WO2000061360A1 (fr) 1999-04-14 2000-04-14 Isolement par mousse de regulation thermique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1169176A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002541314A (fr)
AU (1) AU4246600A (fr)
CA (1) CA2369146A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000061360A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003057795A1 (fr) * 2002-01-07 2003-07-17 Merck Patent Gmbh Utilisation de poudres contenant de la parafine comme materiaux de changement de phase dans les composites polymeriques de dispositifs de refroidissement
DE102008015318B4 (de) * 2007-03-20 2013-07-25 Va-Q-Tec Ag Vorrichtung zur Wärmespeicherung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
US9434869B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2016-09-06 Outlast Technologies, LLC Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof
US9512344B2 (en) 2013-02-15 2016-12-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Thermally adaptive ductile concrete

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8003028B2 (en) * 2005-07-26 2011-08-23 The Boeing Company Composite of aerogel and phase change material

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5499460A (en) * 1992-02-18 1996-03-19 Bryant; Yvonne G. Moldable foam insole with reversible enhanced thermal storage properties
US5626936A (en) * 1993-09-09 1997-05-06 Energy Pillow, Inc. Phase change insulation system
US6004662A (en) * 1992-07-14 1999-12-21 Buckley; Theresa M. Flexible composite material with phase change thermal storage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5499460A (en) * 1992-02-18 1996-03-19 Bryant; Yvonne G. Moldable foam insole with reversible enhanced thermal storage properties
US6004662A (en) * 1992-07-14 1999-12-21 Buckley; Theresa M. Flexible composite material with phase change thermal storage
US5626936A (en) * 1993-09-09 1997-05-06 Energy Pillow, Inc. Phase change insulation system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9434869B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2016-09-06 Outlast Technologies, LLC Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof
US9920455B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2018-03-20 Outlast Technologies, LLC Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof
US10208403B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2019-02-19 Outlast Technologies, LLC Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof
WO2003057795A1 (fr) * 2002-01-07 2003-07-17 Merck Patent Gmbh Utilisation de poudres contenant de la parafine comme materiaux de changement de phase dans les composites polymeriques de dispositifs de refroidissement
DE102008015318B4 (de) * 2007-03-20 2013-07-25 Va-Q-Tec Ag Vorrichtung zur Wärmespeicherung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
US9512344B2 (en) 2013-02-15 2016-12-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Thermally adaptive ductile concrete

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2369146A1 (fr) 2000-10-19
EP1169176A1 (fr) 2002-01-09
AU4246600A (en) 2000-11-14
JP2002541314A (ja) 2002-12-03

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