WO2000060382A1 - Optische ader - Google Patents
Optische ader Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000060382A1 WO2000060382A1 PCT/EP2000/002831 EP0002831W WO0060382A1 WO 2000060382 A1 WO2000060382 A1 WO 2000060382A1 EP 0002831 W EP0002831 W EP 0002831W WO 0060382 A1 WO0060382 A1 WO 0060382A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- optical
- polyamide
- lwl
- core according
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013308 plastic optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UIQCRIFSBWGDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCC(F)(F)F UIQCRIFSBWGDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SOHQQVRSAUFYQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)CC(F)(F)F SOHQQVRSAUFYQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CLISWDZSTWQFNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CLISWDZSTWQFNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003694 Grilamid® L 16 LM Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical class CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HASUJDLTAYUWCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoundecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(N)C(O)=O HASUJDLTAYUWCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CCCN JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFEGRFIENDJTCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydroindene-1,1-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)(C(O)=O)C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XFEGRFIENDJTCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPGBFKDHRXJSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O QPGBFKDHRXJSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDBZTOMUANOKRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-aminocyclohexyl)propan-2-yl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1C(C)(C)C1CCC(N)CC1 BDBZTOMUANOKRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001118440 Arabidopsis thaliana 60S ribosomal protein L11-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102220511096 Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1_L16A_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MIBXZKSYZLDETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(aminomethyl)-6,6-dimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl]methanamine Chemical compound CC1(C=CC=CC1(CN)CN)C MIBXZKSYZLDETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCCC(CN)C1 QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002684 aminocaproic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- GHWVXCQZPNWFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diamine Chemical compound CC(N)C(C)N GHWVXCQZPNWFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009778 extrusion testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSTNFGAKGUERTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCNCC WSTNFGAKGUERTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWWQKRXKHIRPJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl aldehyde Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=O FWWQKRXKHIRPJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105131 stearamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFFZTFNQQHNSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)(F)F AFFZTFNQQHNSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02033—Core or cladding made from organic material, e.g. polymeric material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/045—Light guides
- G02B1/048—Light guides characterised by the cladding material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to optical cores with a plastic optical waveguide (in the following for short K-LWL) and at least one protective sheath enclosing the K-LWL with a fiber core and a single or multi-layer fiber cladding.
- the fiber jacket or at least its outer layer can consist of a fluorine-containing plastic.
- Polyamide can be used to protect the fiber core.
- Plastic optical fibers are used in the field of telecommunications as an interference-free and easy-to-use optical transmission element wherever the distance between the transmitter and receiver unit is only a few meters up to a maximum of 100-150 m. Also in the fields of traffic engineering / vehicle construction (data and signal transmission in motor vehicles, airplanes, ships, etc.), lighting (variable message signs). Automation technology (machine control) and sensor technology are becoming increasingly important for K-LWL (wire 46 (1995) 4th pages 187-190).
- the minimum bending radius is about 5-10 mm.
- a plastic sheath In order to protect the sensitive K-LWL from mechanical, thermal and chemical effects, it is provided with a plastic sheath, referred to below as a protective cover, which may also have a multi-layer structure (WO 99/12063).
- the protective sheath applied by means of an extruder can, depending on the intended use or area of application, for example made of polyethylene (PE). Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyamide (PA).
- polyamides are used as protective cover material because it meets the requirements there with regard to mechanical strength (tensile strength, transverse compressive strength), the maximum operating temperature and the chemical resistance.
- the distance between the end face of the K-LWL and the transmitting and receiving elements may increase to such an extent that impermissibly high intensity losses, which may lead to failure of the data transmission path, occur.
- Couplers or holders are used which exert large clamping or crimping forces on the protective cover and thus increase the friction between the protective cover and the K-LWL
- the boundary layer between the fiber core and the fiber cladding results in increased signal attenuation.
- Stripping the protective layer in the plug prevents "pistoning", but it harbors the risk of damaging the fiber sheath during assembly due to improper handling of the stripping tool equipped with a pair of knives.
- the clamping or crimping forces exerted by the connector on the optical wire can also be reduced by anchoring the K-LWL in a conical hole in the connector housing. It was proposed to melt the end face of the K-LWL with the help of a hot plate, to press the resulting bulge into the tapered plug hole and to anchor the K-LWL so firmly in the connector housing. In the melted and thus deformed area, the geometry of the K-LWL may deviate considerably from the cylinder geometry that enables total reflection, so that increased intensity losses occur in the connector housing.
- EP 0 649 738 AI describes that a force-locking connection of polyamide and polyvinylidene fluoride can be produced by admixing the polyamide with a polyglutarimide.
- a one-stage extrusion process can be used to produce a two-layer composite from a polyamide and a polyvinylidene fluoride, a three-layer composite from a polyamide, an adhesion promoter layer from a polyamide-polyglutarimide blend and a polyvinylidene fluoride.
- Polyglutarimides are also known as polymethacrylimides (PMMI).
- the protective cover which lies directly on the fiber jacket, is applied at the lowest possible temperature.
- the glass transition temperatures of the fluorine-containing polymers of the fiber cladding are close to those of the fiber core material (PMMA; 106 ° C), i.e. between 80 and 120 ° C.
- the fiber cladding is only approx. 10 ⁇ m thick, its optical properties are precisely adjusted and can easily be influenced or changed by thermal or chemical influences.
- the materials of the protective cover must therefore be extruded at the lowest possible melting temperature.
- polyglutarimides listed in the examples in EP 0 649 738 A1, page 6, table 6, are very highly viscous and cannot be used as an intermediate layer for a three-layer process or as a component in the blend with polyamide 12 for K-LWL extrusion.
- EP 0 767 190 AI describes the use of polyamide adhesion promoters for the production of multilayer polymer or pipelines, ie gasoline or coolant lines for the automotive industry.
- the polyamides used here are usually not of low viscosity. Furthermore, no optical properties of the layers are required.
- the polyamides described in EP 0 767 190 AI do have an excess of amino end groups. In the case of K-LWL extrusion tests carried out by the inventors of the present application with the adhesion promoter described in EP 0 767 190 A1, acceptable extrusion temperatures reached so that the optical fiber was not thermally damaged. During the subsequent heat storage (80 ° C. 24 hours), however, the outer layer of the fiber, i.e. the jacket, turned brown.
- the polyamide molding compounds according to EP 0 767 190 AI are therefore not suitable as adhesion promoters or protective layers for K-LWL.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an optical wire with little relative movement even with large temperature fluctuations.
- the molding compound forming the protective cover should adhere well to the fiber jacket and not chemically attack it.
- it should be ensured that the transmission behavior and the damping properties of the optical wire largely correspond to that of the K-LWL not encased in the molding compound.
- the present invention therefore relates to an optical core 1 with a plastic fiber optic cable (K-LWL) 2, 3 and a fiber core 2 and a single or multi-layer fiber cladding 3 and at least one protective sheath 4 surrounding a K-LWL 2, 3
- the fiber sheath 3 or at least its outer sheath made of a fluorine-containing plastic and the protective sheath 4 essentially consist of polyamides (PA), preferably PA 1 1.
- PA 1212 or the copolyamides PA 6/12.
- PA 610/6. PA 610/1 1.PA 610/12.
- the carboxyl end group concentration of the polyamide used is a maximum of 15 ⁇ eq / g and the amino end group concentration is in the range between 50 ⁇ eq / g and 300 ⁇ eq / g.
- This optical wire according to claim 1 meets the above requirements.
- the polyamides used according to the invention are of low viscosity so that they can be extruded at the lowest possible melting temperature.
- the polyamides according to the invention have a viscosity of less than 2.0. in particular from below 1.8 and particularly preferably from 1.4 to 1.8 (relative viscosity measured 0.5% in m-cresol). This increases the quality of the workmanship.
- a temperature test 80 ° C, 24 Hours
- a plug attached at the end has to exert significantly lower clamping or crimping forces on the optical wire in order to prevent the effect known as "pistoning" External forces caused signal attenuation in the K-LWL and enables the use of comparatively simple and therefore cheaper plugs or brackets.
- the optical wire 1 shown only schematically in FIG. 1 and not to scale in cross section is used in particular as a transmission element for the trouble-free transmission of data and signals within the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
- the core 1 contains a so-called step index profile K-LWL as the light-conducting structure.
- the K-LWL 2/3 has an extraordinarily high flexural strength that makes assembly and laying easier.
- the fluorine-containing polymers used as the jacket material or as the material for the outer jacket layer can be pure polymers. Copolymers of fluorine-containing monomers and copolymers of fluorine-containing monomers with acrylic acid or acrylates as well as mixtures of such polymers or copolymers.
- vinylidene fluoride tetrafluoroethene, hexafluoropropene
- methacrylic acid tetrafluoropropyl ester methacrylic acid pentafluoropropyl ester
- methacrylic acid trifluoromethyl ester methacrylic acid heptadeca fluorodecyl ester and mixtures or copolymers thereof, optionally also acrylic acid or copolymer modifiers or polymer blends.
- the molding compound 4 enveloping the K-LWL by co- or tandem extrusion protects the sensitive K-LWL 2/3 from external influences.
- the molding compound 4 which serves as a protective covering and adheres particularly well to the fluorine-containing polymer of the fiber jacket 3, consists of a modified PA. whose carboxyl end group concentration is at most 15 ⁇ eq / g and whose amino end group concentration is in the range between 50-300 ⁇ eq / g.
- the amino end group concentration mentioned is set by an aminic regulator which is added to the PA which has not yet polymerized (copolymerization of the chain regulator).
- Suitable chain regulators are, for example, hexylamine, octylamine, ethylhexylamine, tridecylamine, dibutylamine, stearamine and other aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic monoamines which contain 2-44 C atoms, in particular 4-36 C atoms, and also diamines such as 1, 4- Diaminobutane, 1, 6-diaminohexane.
- Suitable polyamides for the purposes of the invention are homo- and copolyamides, which can be processed at sufficiently low temperatures, ie at a maximum of 220 ° C., in order not to damage the jacket and fiber core of the K-LWL. According to the invention, it is essential that the polyamides used have a relative viscosity of less than 2.0, in particular less than 1.8 and very particularly preferably in the range of 1.4-1.8 (relative viscosity measured 0.5% in m Cresol at 20 ° C).
- Such polyamides can also be polyamide-forming monomers such as e.g. Caprolactam, laurolactam. Aminocaproic acid, aminoundecanoic acid, dodecanedioic acid, dimer acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid. Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, tert-butyl isophthalic acid, phenylindane dicarboxylic acid, diaminobutane, hexamethylene diamine.
- polyamide-forming monomers such as e.g. Caprolactam, laurolactam.
- Aminocaproic acid aminoundecanoic acid, dodecanedioic acid, dimer acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid. Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, tert-butyl isophthalic acid, phenylindan
- these include in particular PA 1 1, PA 12, PA 610, PA 612, PA 1212 or the copolyamides PA 6/12, PA 6/9/6, PA 6/9/12.
- the tensile force required for stripping a protective cover consisting of PA No. 1 was at least about 1 1 N (no adhesive seat), typically 40-50, due to the fact that the protective cover had very different adhesive seats on the respective K-LWL N and a maximum of 51 N.
- the measured stripping forces for wires with PA protective sleeves according to the invention varied significantly less with values between 68-75 N.
- Molding compound Grilamid L16 LM (PA not according to the invention); EMS-Chemie AG
- K-LWL type TB-1000; Asahi Chemical Industry Co .. LTD
- the protective sheath 4 of the optical core 1 can also be constructed in multiple layers (see in particular WO 99/1203) or provided with a PVC sheath with a thickness of 1-2 mm;
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000609817A JP4540234B2 (ja) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | 光導波装置 |
US09/937,817 US6842574B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optical wave-guide |
EP00917020A EP1171786B1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optische ader |
DE50000538T DE50000538D1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optische ader |
AU38161/00A AU3816100A (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optical wave-guide |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914743.4 | 1999-03-31 | ||
DE19914743A DE19914743A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Optische Ader |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000060382A1 true WO2000060382A1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
Family
ID=7903169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/002831 WO2000060382A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-30 | Optische ader |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6842574B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1171786B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4540234B2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3816100A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19914743A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000060382A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004029823A (ja) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-29 | Degussa Ag | ファイバーコアと、単層又は多層で構成されたファイバークラッドとを有するポリマー光導波体を有する光ケーブル |
WO2006032465A1 (de) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-30 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Verwendung von stabilisierten, thermoplastischen polyamid-formmassen als beschichtung von lichtwellenleitern |
DE102009016834A1 (de) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh | Optische Festader |
EP1881354A4 (de) * | 2005-05-09 | 2012-12-12 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Faseroptisches kabel aus kunststoff |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100433905B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-26 | 2004-06-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 플라스틱 광섬유 및 그 제조방법 |
US20050136205A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-23 | Georg Stoppelmann | Thermoplastic multilayer composite |
DE102004022963A1 (de) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-12-08 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Thermoplastische Polyamid-Formmassen |
JP2008003203A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-10 | Oki Electric Cable Co Ltd | Hpcf型難燃耐熱光ファイバ心線及びその光ファイバコード。 |
US8628253B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2014-01-14 | Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Optical connector that compensates for longitudinal shifting of optial fiber core relative to a housing of the connector, and a method |
US20140084498A1 (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2014-03-27 | Kuo-Ching Chiang | Lens with filter and method of manufacturing thereof |
FR3113058B1 (fr) | 2020-07-29 | 2023-05-12 | Arkema France | Polyamide pour une application textile |
KR20250042814A (ko) * | 2022-08-03 | 2025-03-27 | 제우스 컴퍼니 엘엘씨 | 중합체 광섬유 |
Citations (6)
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EP0239935A2 (de) * | 1986-04-03 | 1987-10-07 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Kunststoffüberzogene Lichtleitfaser |
GB2198258A (en) * | 1986-11-17 | 1988-06-08 | Inventa Ag | Optical wave-guides |
JPH04127107A (ja) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-04-28 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | プラスチック光ファイバコードおよびこれを用いたコードユニット |
WO1995024450A1 (de) * | 1994-03-11 | 1995-09-14 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Polyamid-schmelzklebstoff |
EP0767190A1 (de) * | 1995-10-04 | 1997-04-09 | Ems-Inventa Ag | Haftvermittler auf Polyamidbasis |
EP0883001A1 (de) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-12-09 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Mit kunststoff umhüllte breitbandige optische faser |
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JPS59116702A (ja) * | 1982-12-24 | 1984-07-05 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 光伝送性繊維 |
JPH0572424A (ja) * | 1991-09-17 | 1993-03-26 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
DE4336291A1 (de) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-27 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Thermoplastische Mehrschichtverbunde |
US6153677A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 2000-11-28 | Ems-Inventa Ag | Flame-retardant thermoplastic polyamide molding composition and article molded therefrom |
JP3727390B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-04 | 2005-12-14 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | 高速プラスチック光ファイバ |
JPH10316849A (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
JP3756625B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 2006-03-15 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバケーブル |
FR2764994B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-08-06 | Alsthom Cge Alcatel | Conducteur optique et ruban de conducteurs optiques |
RU2000107818A (ru) * | 1997-08-29 | 2002-01-27 | Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт | Полимерное оптическое волокно с многослойным защитным покрытием |
-
1999
- 1999-03-31 DE DE19914743A patent/DE19914743A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-30 US US09/937,817 patent/US6842574B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-30 AU AU38161/00A patent/AU3816100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-30 WO PCT/EP2000/002831 patent/WO2000060382A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-30 JP JP2000609817A patent/JP4540234B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-30 DE DE50000538T patent/DE50000538D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-30 EP EP00917020A patent/EP1171786B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP0239935A2 (de) * | 1986-04-03 | 1987-10-07 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Kunststoffüberzogene Lichtleitfaser |
GB2198258A (en) * | 1986-11-17 | 1988-06-08 | Inventa Ag | Optical wave-guides |
JPH04127107A (ja) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-04-28 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | プラスチック光ファイバコードおよびこれを用いたコードユニット |
WO1995024450A1 (de) * | 1994-03-11 | 1995-09-14 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Polyamid-schmelzklebstoff |
EP0767190A1 (de) * | 1995-10-04 | 1997-04-09 | Ems-Inventa Ag | Haftvermittler auf Polyamidbasis |
EP0883001A1 (de) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-12-09 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Mit kunststoff umhüllte breitbandige optische faser |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004029823A (ja) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-29 | Degussa Ag | ファイバーコアと、単層又は多層で構成されたファイバークラッドとを有するポリマー光導波体を有する光ケーブル |
EP1376156A3 (de) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-05-12 | Degussa AG | Kunststoff-Lichtwellenleiter |
US6766091B2 (en) | 2002-06-26 | 2004-07-20 | Degussa Ag | Polymeric optical conductors |
CN1324339C (zh) * | 2002-06-26 | 2007-07-04 | 德古萨公司 | 聚合物光导体 |
WO2006032465A1 (de) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-30 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Verwendung von stabilisierten, thermoplastischen polyamid-formmassen als beschichtung von lichtwellenleitern |
EP1881354A4 (de) * | 2005-05-09 | 2012-12-12 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Faseroptisches kabel aus kunststoff |
DE102009016834A1 (de) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh | Optische Festader |
WO2010115416A2 (de) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh | Optische festader |
DE202010017620U1 (de) | 2009-04-10 | 2012-03-01 | Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh | Optische Festader |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50000538D1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
AU3816100A (en) | 2000-10-23 |
DE19914743A1 (de) | 2001-01-25 |
JP2002541503A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
JP4540234B2 (ja) | 2010-09-08 |
EP1171786B1 (de) | 2002-09-18 |
EP1171786A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
US6842574B1 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
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