WO2000053826A1 - Production de magnesium par electrolyte - Google Patents

Production de magnesium par electrolyte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000053826A1
WO2000053826A1 PCT/CA2000/000248 CA0000248W WO0053826A1 WO 2000053826 A1 WO2000053826 A1 WO 2000053826A1 CA 0000248 W CA0000248 W CA 0000248W WO 0053826 A1 WO0053826 A1 WO 0053826A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
anode
cell
magnesium
chloride
hydrogen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2000/000248
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gezinus Van Weert
Original Assignee
Cellmag Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cellmag Inc. filed Critical Cellmag Inc.
Priority to AU31390/00A priority Critical patent/AU3139000A/en
Publication of WO2000053826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000053826A1/fr
Priority to US09/933,802 priority patent/US20020014416A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/04—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of magnesium

Definitions

  • This invention relates to production of magnesium by electrolysis.
  • the molten salt electrolyte typically comprises one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chlorides in which the magnesium chloride is dissolved.
  • This invention seeks to provide a new electrolytic process for the production of magnesium from magnesium chloride, in which hydrogen chloride is produced as the by-product.
  • This invention also seeks to provide a new electrolytic process for the production of magnesium from magnesium chloride at a lower energy requirement.
  • a process for the electrolytic production of magnesium comprising: i) electrolysing magnesium chloride in a molten salt electrolyte in an electrolysis cell having a cathode and an anode, with formation of magnesium metal at said cathode, ii) feeding hydrogen gas to said anode and reacting chloride ions at said anode with the hydrogen gas to form hydrogen chloride, iii) recovering the magnesium metal from said cell, and iv) recovering the hydrogen chloride from said cell.
  • an electrolytic cell for production of magnesium metal from magnesium chloride comprising: a) a cell for housing magnesium chloride in a molten salt electrolyte, said cell having a cathode and an anode, b) means for feeding hydrogen gas to said anode, c) means for recovery from said cell of magnesium metal developed at said cathode, and d) means for recovery from said cell of hydrogen chloride developed at said anode.
  • the anode is a high surface area anode, for example, a porous anode in which case the hydrogen gas permeates the pores of the anode, such as by diffusion, or molten electrolyte containing the magnesium chloride permeates the pores of the anode, to provide the contact between the hydrogen gas and the chloride ions.
  • the hydrogen gas may be fed along a non-porous tube or conduit to the porous anode. If this tube or conduit is in contact with the bath it should not be of a material which will function as an anode for the electrolysis.
  • any anode having a structure permitting delivery of hydrogen to the cell bath at the anode may be employed, for example, an anode having drilled channels for communication with a source of hydrogen gas.
  • the requirement is that the anode structure deliver hydrogen gas to the cell bath at the anode, so that chloride ions at the anode react with the hydrogen gas to form hydrogen chloride, rather than discharging as chlorine gas.
  • suitable anodes may be of graphite, silicon carbide or silicon nitride.
  • the method has the advantage that this hydrogen chloride gas is produced with minimal, if any, production of chlorine gas.
  • E ad ⁇ ab is the minimum voltage required to carry out the process, assuming 100% current efficiency and that the M g Cl 2 and H 2 are fed at room temperature.
  • Table I shows the calculated decomposition voltage (1000 K) and adiabatic voltage required to cover the energy requirements of the process without heat losses.
  • Table I further shows that the decomposition voltage decreases by 1.04V and that the overall energy requirement decreases by 0.86V. This means that with HCl formation, another 0.18V per mole can be dissipated in the cell without causing overheating. The decrease of 0.86V translates to a reduction of about 25% less electricity consumption for magnesium production. With magnesium cells currently requiring an average of 12.5 MW-hr per tonne, and an average energy cost of 4 cents per KW-hrs, this translates to a savings of about $125 per tonne of magnesium produced in electrical consumption. Another major cost saving comes from the fact that the cell is producing HCl rather than chlorine, requiring no HCl synthesis plant. Chlorine treatment and handling as well as HCl synthesis can provide for further cost savings.
  • the hydrogen gas may be considered to form a hydrogen anode in the cell, for discharge of the chloride ions.
  • an anode structure is provided which, can be of any suitable material, for example, graphite, silicon carbide or silicon nitride.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé d'obtention de magnésium métal par électrolyse de chlorure de magnésium. A cette fin, on utilise une anode de grande surface, par exemple une anode poreuse alimentée en gaz d'hydrogène. De l'acide chlorhydrique se forme sur l'anode à partir d'ions chlorure et non à partir de chlore gazeux. Comparé à un procédé classique dans lequel du chlore gazeux est produit à l'anode, le présent procédé offre l'avantage de pouvoir être appliqué sous une tension réduite et d'exiger une moindre énergie.
PCT/CA2000/000248 1999-03-11 2000-03-09 Production de magnesium par electrolyte WO2000053826A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU31390/00A AU3139000A (en) 1999-03-11 2000-03-09 Electrolytic production of magnesium
US09/933,802 US20020014416A1 (en) 1999-03-11 2001-08-22 Electrolytic production of magnesium

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002265183A CA2265183C (fr) 1999-03-11 1999-03-11 Production de magnesium metallique
CA2,265,183 1999-03-11

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/933,802 Continuation US20020014416A1 (en) 1999-03-11 2001-08-22 Electrolytic production of magnesium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000053826A1 true WO2000053826A1 (fr) 2000-09-14

Family

ID=4163374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2000/000248 WO2000053826A1 (fr) 1999-03-11 2000-03-09 Production de magnesium par electrolyte

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20020014416A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3139000A (fr)
CA (1) CA2265183C (fr)
WO (1) WO2000053826A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112007000487T5 (de) * 2006-03-24 2008-12-18 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Synthese von Alan
BR112013023907A2 (pt) 2011-03-18 2019-09-24 Orbite Aluminae Inc processo de recuperação de ao menos um elemento terra-rara a partir de um material contendo alumínio
BR112013028371A2 (pt) 2011-05-04 2017-02-14 Orbite Aluminae Inc processo de recuperação de ao menos um elemento terra-rara e/ou de ao menos um metal raro selecionado dentre in, zr, li e ga a partir de ao menos um material
US9382600B2 (en) 2011-09-16 2016-07-05 Orbite Technologies Inc. Processes for preparing alumina and various other products
JP6025868B2 (ja) 2012-01-10 2016-11-16 オーバイト アルミナ インコーポレイテッドＯｒｂｉｔｅ Ａｌｕｍｉｎａｅ Ｉｎｃ． 赤泥を処理するプロセス
CN102534688B (zh) * 2012-01-10 2014-12-10 华东理工大学 一种大电流无隔板镁电解槽
CA2903512C (fr) 2012-03-29 2017-12-05 Orbite Technologies Inc. Procedes de traitement de cendres volantes
US20150218720A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2015-08-06 Orbite Aluminae Inc. Process for treating magnesium-bearing ores
JP2015535886A (ja) 2012-09-26 2015-12-17 オーバイト アルミナ インコーポレイテッドＯｒｂｉｔｅ Ａｌｕｍｉｎａｅ Ｉｎｃ． 種々の材料のＨＣｌ浸出によるアルミナおよび塩化マグネシウムを調製するためのプロセス
AU2013344721A1 (en) 2012-11-14 2015-07-02 Orbite Aluminae Inc. Methods for purifying aluminium ions
CN105026620B (zh) * 2013-02-14 2018-04-24 联盟镁公司 产生HCl的氢气扩散阳极布置
CA2950004A1 (fr) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-03 Procede Ethanol Vert Technologie Procede de production d'aluminium pur a partir de materiaux renfermant de l'aluminium
US10423746B2 (en) * 2015-07-23 2019-09-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Compensation design of power converters

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5665220A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-09-09 General Motors Corporation Electrolytic magnesium production process

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5665220A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-09-09 General Motors Corporation Electrolytic magnesium production process

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 129, no. 18, 2 November 1998, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 236807, TAKENAKA, T. ET AL: "Electrode behavior of hydrogen in alkali halide melts" XP002141418 *
MOLTEN SALT FORUM (1998), 5-6(MOLTEN SALT CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 5), 275-278, 1998 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020014416A1 (en) 2002-02-07
AU3139000A (en) 2000-09-28
CA2265183C (fr) 2008-01-08
CA2265183A1 (fr) 2000-09-11

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