WO2000052354A1 - Appareil resistant a un tete-a-queue - Google Patents

Appareil resistant a un tete-a-queue Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000052354A1
WO2000052354A1 PCT/GB1999/000565 GB9900565W WO0052354A1 WO 2000052354 A1 WO2000052354 A1 WO 2000052354A1 GB 9900565 W GB9900565 W GB 9900565W WO 0052354 A1 WO0052354 A1 WO 0052354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
piston
variable volume
cylinder
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/000565
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Preston
Original Assignee
Robert Preston
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Preston filed Critical Robert Preston
Priority to PCT/GB1999/000565 priority Critical patent/WO2000052354A1/fr
Publication of WO2000052354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000052354A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
    • B60D1/30—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for sway control, e.g. stabilising or anti-fishtail devices; Sway alarm means
    • B60D1/32—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for sway control, e.g. stabilising or anti-fishtail devices; Sway alarm means involving damping devices
    • B60D1/322—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for sway control, e.g. stabilising or anti-fishtail devices; Sway alarm means involving damping devices using fluid dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/44—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction
    • F16F9/46—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction allowing control from a distance, i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/512—Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for resisting or preventing an articulated vehicle from jackknifing, that is moving to a configuration in which the two articulated portions move well beyond the normal allowed range of angular movement to a position of 90° or more.
  • articulated vehicle is used broadly to mean any vehicle or combination having two relatively articulated portions, such as car/caravan, car/boat, car/trailer combinations as well as to articulated lorries. It could also extend to motorcycles with hydraulic steering dampers.
  • Jackknifing of such vehicles is common and in many instances reflects the inherent instability of an articulated combination when travelling at speed. Jackknifing or fishtailing can be triggered by the bow wave of a passing vehicle sending the articulated vehicle into undamped oscillation.
  • British Published AODlication 2 232 129A discloses an anti-jackknife arrangement which uses a pair of piston and cylinder assemblies symmetrically disposed to either side of the articulation axis.
  • the cylinders are connected hydraulically front to front and back to back and a manually-operated control valve is provided to allow a user to close the valve and make the coupling rigid.
  • a manually-operated control valve is provided to allow a user to close the valve and make the coupling rigid.
  • an automatic arrangement in which the valve is progressively closed as the vehicle speed increases, e.g. by means of a wind-operated flap.
  • a drawbar is pivotally mounted on a tractor and provided with a damping arrangement comprising a pair of hydraulic rams connected front to back with a flow circuit of non-return valves and an adjustable flow restrictor which controls the extent of hydraulic damping applied between the drawbar and the trailer.
  • British Published Application No. 2 076 766A discloses a hydraulic device for restricting articulation of a trailer and the towing vehicle, which comprises a telescopic ram which is connected to a reservoir via a remotely operated solenoid valve which can be open for damped movement or closed to make the ram rigid.
  • British Published Application No. 2 000 904A discloses a complicated system for hitching a trailer onto a towing vehicle.
  • the system incorporates hydraulic rams and a fluid circuit including a hydraulic pump one or more remotely operated valves and one or more flow restrictors.
  • the system may be operated to provide hydraulic damping during normal forward movement, but to make the coupling rigid for reverse movement .
  • British Patent No. 1,556,259 discloses an arrangement in which a pair of hydraulic rams are disposed between the towing vehicle and a trailer.
  • the rams each comprise a piston located within a cylinder with non-captive piston rods.
  • a pressure fluid circuit is provided with a pressure reservoir.
  • this invention provides apparatus for being coupled between the articulated portions of a vehicle to control the relative articulation movement thereof, comprising a hydraulic device including a piston means slidably mounted within a cylinder means to define at least one variable volume chamber, means for coupling in use said cylinder means and piston means to respective ones of said articulated portions, said variable volume chamber containing hydraulic fluid and having inlet/outlet means and flow restrictor means controlling the fluid flow to and/or from said variable volume chamber, and for closing to substantially prevent flow in a given direction through said inlet/outlet means if the flow rate through and/or the pressure gradient across said inlet/outlet means exceeds a preset threshold.
  • said hydraulic device comprises a piston means slidably mounted within a cylinder means to define a variable volume chamber to either side of said piston means, each of said variable volume chambers containing hydraulic fluid.
  • Said inlet/outlet means may comprise a flow passage in said piston means interconnecting said variable volume chambers, or it may comprise a flow passage connecting opposite end regions of said cylinder means.
  • the piston cylinder combination may be a conventional linearly acting piston within a cylinder, or it may comprise a piston vane element or the like moving angularly within a chamber constituting a cylinder, in a sealed manner similar to that of a fluid vane motor.
  • the apparatus preferably further includes bleed flow means for allowing a bleed flow to or from said variable volume chamber at least when said pressure-sensitive valve means is closed.
  • said flow restrictor means comprises a shuttle control member disposed within a flow control passage and biassed towards an open position in which said passage is open for the flow of fluid, and being movable against said bias, in response to pressures and/or the flow rates upstream thereof above a threshold, to a closed position in which the flow through said flow control passage is nil or relatively low.
  • Said shuttle control member may be biassed towards an intermediate open position, and may be moved from said intermediate open position in opposite directions to two opposed closed positions in response to pressures and/or flow rates above the respective thresholds in respective directions .
  • said apparatus may further include, in series with said flow restrictor valve means, an adjustable throttle means, for adjustably throttling the fluid flow presented to said valve means in accordance with an external variable .
  • Said adjustable throttle means may include means for directly or indirectly sensing the road speed of the articulated vehicle and for progressively restricting the flow presented to the value means as the road speed decreases .
  • this invention provides a method for controlling the relative movement of two articulated portions of a vehicle, to reduce or prevent the possibility of said portions jackknifing, said method comprising providing a hydraulic device including a piston means slidably mounted within a cylinder means to define at least one variable volume chamber, and coupling said cylinder means and piston means to respective ones of said articulated portions, said variable volume chamber containing hydraulic fluid and having inlet/outlet means and pressure-sensitive valve means controlling the fluid flow to and/or from said variable volume chamber, and for closing to substantially prevent flow in a given direction through said inlet/outlet means if the flow rate through and/or the pressure gradient across said inlet/outlet means exceeds a preset threshold.
  • the apparatus is linearly movable, it is preferably mounted in use in a position spaced the yaw axis of articulation of said vehicle, to exert control over yaw movement .
  • the apparatus is also preferably suitably spaced vertically from the pitch articulation axis, to exert control over pitch movement.
  • the coupling should also not be exposed to relative linear movement between the articulated portions, such as is found for example in automatic braking arrangements for trailers or caravans.
  • the linear coupling should be attached to a portion of the trailer, caravan etc. which is not subject in use to relative linear movement to the other articulated portion.
  • the rate of flow allowed through said inlet/outlet means may be selected by appropriately choosing the diameter and number of passages accordingly.
  • the spring biases may be selected to provide an appropriate cut off pressure. Indeed, where there are several passages, the spring biases may be different to provide a graduation in the resistance applied by the coupling.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic section view taken on lines II: II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a top plan view of the tow bar/draw bar connection between a car and caravan showing the arrangement of this invention
  • Figure 4 is a view from the rear on a tow plate fitted on the car of Figure 3 ;
  • Figure 5 is a view looking aft onto the anti-jackknife bracket secured to the draw bar of the trailer.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of anti-jackknife coupling in accordance with this invention.
  • the linear coupling or strut 10 comprises a cylinder 12 and a piston 14, secured to a piston rod 16 which passes through a sliding seal in the end wall of the cylinder to define respective inversely varying volume chambers to either side of the piston 14.
  • the piston is formed with a group of six flow passages 18 which pass from one side of the piston to the other.
  • the flow passages may co-operate with and be closed by a slidable shuttle member 20 which slides within a chamber 22 in the middle of the piston and is biassed to an intermediate position in a shuttle chamber by means of leaf springs 24 acting in opposite senses.
  • a bypass bleed passage 26 is also disposed elsewhere in the piston 14 for allowing bleed flow from one side of the piston to the other.
  • the function provided by the flow passages 18 and the bleed passage 26 could be achieved by tubes connecting two ports at the end of the cylinder and an associated shuttle device or the like.
  • the piston could transfer fluid to or from a separate reservoir via a shuttle valve control device on an inlet/outlet thereof, instead of having the piston defining two chambers.
  • the chambers to either side of the piston are filled with a hydraulic fluid such as hydraulic oil.
  • a hydraulic fluid such as hydraulic oil.
  • the dynamic characteristics of this strut 10 are that, at low rates of movement of the piston, the flow of hydraulic fluid through the flow passages 18 is not sufficient to overcome the bias applied to the valve shuttle member 20 by either of the leaf springs 24, and so the piston 20 may move within the cylinder.
  • the pressure built up to one side of the piston (and/or the effect of the flow through the passages 18) will be sufficient to drive the shuttle valve member 20 to a limit position in which it blocks the flow passages. At this point the piston effectively locks, save for the very small amount of fluid which is allowed to escape through the fine bleed passage
  • the piston is bi-directional in that it has this characteristic irrespective of whether it is extending or retracting.
  • the strut is attached by means of two axis pivotal couplings 28 to an attachment point on a tow plate 30 rigidly secured to the rear of the towing vehicle and to a similar two axis pivotal coupling 28 on a bracket 29 rigidly secured to the towed vehicle.
  • the attachment points on the tow plate 30 and the bracket 29 are displaced from the longitudinal towing axis both laterally and vertically on the same amounts so that the effective length of the strut is changed both when there is yaw and when there is pitch.
  • the displacement of the attachment points in the vertical and lateral senses may be the same.
  • the strut In use, when fitted to a vehicle, the strut is capable of accommodating the usual ranges and speeds of movement required for routine manoeuvring of the vehicle and the trailer, with the hydraulic fluid flowing through the flow passages 18. If however, there is a sudden movement, the sharp increase in pressure and/or flow rate causes the shuttle to close thus substantially locking the device, to a rigid condition.
  • the piston 40 is located in a cylinder 42 defining two variable volume chambers 44,46 filled with hydraulic fluid with the piston 40 having a bleed passage 45 as previously.
  • the variable volume chambers are connected by a pipe 44 connecting opposite ends of the cylinder 42, and a pressure/flow rate sensitive shuttle device 46 operating on similar principles to the device described in the previous embodiment controls flow along the pipe 42.
  • a variable flow restrictor or throttle 48 is connected in series with the shuttle device 46. This throttle 48 is remotely controlled in accordance with the speed of the vehicle e.g. from a signal from the speedometer 50. At low speed, the throttle 48 is set with its smaller opening. As the speed increases, the throttle is opened in proportion to the road speed of the towing vehicle, and thus increasing the sensitivity of the shuttle device 44 to changes in pressure, thereby permitting less relative movement between the two parts of the articulated vehicle as the speed increases.
  • Both these embodiments comprise a device which includes a piston cylinder arrangement and a pressure/flow rate sensitive restrictor means operable to control flow to or from the variable volume in a piston/cylinder combination.
  • the restrictor means operates so that, when the movement of the piston relative to the cylinder is within normal limits encountered during normal driving conditions, the restrictor is open, but when the extent or rate of movement exceeds a preset limit, indicative of a potential jackknife situation, the restrictor closes under the influence of the flow rate and/or pressure, to make the coupling rigid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil résistant à un tête-à-queue comprenant un agencement à piston (14) et cylindre (12) et des moyens de limitation (20) sensibles à la vitesse d'écoulement/pression servant à réguler l'écoulement vers ou d'un volume variable dans une combinaison piston/cylindre. Les moyens de limitation fonctionnent de telle sorte que, lorsque le mouvement du piston par rapport au cylindre est dans les limites normales et dans des conditions de course normales, les moyens de limitations s'ouvrent tandis que, lorsque la portée ou la vitesse du mouvement dépasse un seuil prédéfini, indiquant une situation de tête-à-queue éventuelle, les moyens de limitation se ferment sous l'effet de la vitesse d'écoulement et/ou la pression de manière à consolider l'accouplement.
PCT/GB1999/000565 1999-03-03 1999-03-03 Appareil resistant a un tete-a-queue WO2000052354A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/GB1999/000565 WO2000052354A1 (fr) 1999-03-03 1999-03-03 Appareil resistant a un tete-a-queue

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/GB1999/000565 WO2000052354A1 (fr) 1999-03-03 1999-03-03 Appareil resistant a un tete-a-queue

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000052354A1 true WO2000052354A1 (fr) 2000-09-08

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ID=10845852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1999/000565 WO2000052354A1 (fr) 1999-03-03 1999-03-03 Appareil resistant a un tete-a-queue

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2000052354A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1538367A1 (fr) 2003-12-01 2005-06-08 ZF Friedrichshafen AG Assemblage d'un clapet amortisseur à caractéristique progressive
EP1657469A1 (fr) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-17 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Amortisseur de vibrations avec force d'amortissement variable
DE102005013734A1 (de) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Weforma Dämpfungstechnik GmbH Stossdämpfer
DE102005023756A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Suspa Holding Gmbh Dämpfer
DE102005048949B3 (de) * 2005-10-13 2006-12-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Schwingungsdämpfer mit verstellbarer Dämpfkraft
EP1919721A1 (fr) * 2005-08-10 2008-05-14 McCune, Bernard John Appareil anti-louvoiement pour remorques
WO2015043843A1 (fr) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-02 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Valve pour amortisseur de vibrations, amortisseur de vibrations et véhicule automobile

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR913389A (fr) * 1942-02-27 1946-09-05 Harry Ferguson Motors Ltd Dispositif d'accouplement des remorques avec les véhicules tracteurs
FR1152284A (fr) * 1956-06-11 1958-02-13 Soupape équilibrée applicable en particulier aux suspensions pneumatiques de véhicules
US3483952A (en) * 1968-04-15 1969-12-16 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Two-way hydraulic unit
FR2248695A5 (en) * 1973-10-18 1975-05-16 Faure Jean Louis Motor vehicle trailer drawgear - has double piston shock absorber which is immobilised when tractor brakes operate
GB2000904A (en) 1977-07-08 1979-01-17 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube with a corrugated mask
GB1556259A (en) 1977-03-28 1979-11-21 Renovur Sa Attachment device between a tractor or vehicle and a trailer
GB2070730A (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-09-09 Nissan Motor Shock absorber piston valves
GB2076766A (en) 1980-05-30 1981-12-09 Lundy Robert Joseph Stephen Device to Restrict Relative Movement Between a Trailer and a Towing Vehicle
DE3544613A1 (de) * 1984-12-19 1986-06-26 Mazda Motor Hydraulisches befestigungssystem fuer eine antriebs- oder krafteinheit
DE3901256A1 (de) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-03 Volkswagen Ag Selbsttaetig regelnder hydraulischer einrohr- oder zweirohr-teleskopstossdaempfer
GB2232129A (en) 1989-05-26 1990-12-05 Sterling Engineered Products L Wheel - trims and a method of moulding articles
GB2275241A (en) * 1993-02-23 1994-08-24 Ian Stanley Warn Hydraulic towed vehicle stabiliser.

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR913389A (fr) * 1942-02-27 1946-09-05 Harry Ferguson Motors Ltd Dispositif d'accouplement des remorques avec les véhicules tracteurs
FR1152284A (fr) * 1956-06-11 1958-02-13 Soupape équilibrée applicable en particulier aux suspensions pneumatiques de véhicules
US3483952A (en) * 1968-04-15 1969-12-16 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Two-way hydraulic unit
FR2248695A5 (en) * 1973-10-18 1975-05-16 Faure Jean Louis Motor vehicle trailer drawgear - has double piston shock absorber which is immobilised when tractor brakes operate
GB1556259A (en) 1977-03-28 1979-11-21 Renovur Sa Attachment device between a tractor or vehicle and a trailer
GB2000904A (en) 1977-07-08 1979-01-17 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube with a corrugated mask
GB2070730A (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-09-09 Nissan Motor Shock absorber piston valves
GB2076766A (en) 1980-05-30 1981-12-09 Lundy Robert Joseph Stephen Device to Restrict Relative Movement Between a Trailer and a Towing Vehicle
DE3544613A1 (de) * 1984-12-19 1986-06-26 Mazda Motor Hydraulisches befestigungssystem fuer eine antriebs- oder krafteinheit
DE3901256A1 (de) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-03 Volkswagen Ag Selbsttaetig regelnder hydraulischer einrohr- oder zweirohr-teleskopstossdaempfer
GB2232129A (en) 1989-05-26 1990-12-05 Sterling Engineered Products L Wheel - trims and a method of moulding articles
GB2275241A (en) * 1993-02-23 1994-08-24 Ian Stanley Warn Hydraulic towed vehicle stabiliser.

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7699148B2 (en) 2003-12-01 2010-04-20 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Damping valve assembly with a progressive damping force characteristic
EP1538367A1 (fr) 2003-12-01 2005-06-08 ZF Friedrichshafen AG Assemblage d'un clapet amortisseur à caractéristique progressive
EP1657469A1 (fr) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-17 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Amortisseur de vibrations avec force d'amortissement variable
DE102004054474B3 (de) * 2004-11-11 2006-06-08 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Schwingungsdämpfer mit verstellbarer Dämpfkraft
DE102005013734A1 (de) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Weforma Dämpfungstechnik GmbH Stossdämpfer
EP1705398A3 (fr) * 2005-03-22 2008-06-25 Weforma Dämpfungstechnik GmbH Amortisseur de chocs
DE102005023756A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Suspa Holding Gmbh Dämpfer
DE102005023756B4 (de) * 2005-05-19 2018-11-15 Suspa Gmbh Dämpfer
EP1919721A1 (fr) * 2005-08-10 2008-05-14 McCune, Bernard John Appareil anti-louvoiement pour remorques
EP1919721A4 (fr) * 2005-08-10 2010-09-01 Bernard John Mccune Appareil anti-louvoiement pour remorques
DE102005048949B3 (de) * 2005-10-13 2006-12-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Schwingungsdämpfer mit verstellbarer Dämpfkraft
EP1775495A3 (fr) * 2005-10-13 2009-07-01 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Amortisseur de vibrations avec force d'amortissement réglable
US8307965B2 (en) 2005-10-13 2012-11-13 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vibration damper with adjustable damping force
WO2015043843A1 (fr) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-02 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Valve pour amortisseur de vibrations, amortisseur de vibrations et véhicule automobile
US10473178B2 (en) 2013-09-26 2019-11-12 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Valve for a vibration damper, vibration damper, and motor vehicle

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