Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
  • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
  • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
  • E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
  • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
  • E02D2600/20—Miscellaneous comprising details of connection between elements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a drainage system for collecting seepage water in and draining it from the interior cavities of a masonry block wall back to a location outside of the masonry block cavity.
• a lowermost series of base collection pans then collected water drained through the vertical block cavities from the upper pans, and the water in the base collection pans were then diverted to the exterior of the wall using weeping spouts which projected laterally from the base collection pans.
• One of the difficulties of these kinds of drainage pan systems is the necessity for the pans and masonry block cavities to be conformed to each other. In other words, the pans and other parts of the drainage system must be made to fit the particular masonry block shape and into the particular cavity dimensions. This often present considerable inconvenience to the masonry applicator who must be careful to obtain the correctly fitting drainage system devices to fit the masonry block structures.
• Exemplary waterproofing strips have means for providing a waterproofing seal around the masonry block cavities, such as a waterproofing adhesive or a keying structure for providing a bond with fresh mortar applied to the top of the masonry block.
• the drainage fabric member is preferably attached to the waterproofing strip bv an adhesive or embedded into the strip, and permits seepage water to be drained by weep members which are preferably spaced at intervals along the side of the waterproofing strip. Water is drained from the drainage fabric member to a location external to the masonry block cavities.
• Another benefit of the invention is that lateral migration of seepage water from one masonry block cavity to another can be achieved without the use of drilled or shaped holes in the block and without complex, expensive drainage pipes or structures placed within the masonry block cavities or under each masonry block course or the bottom-most course. Further features and advantages of the invention are provided hereinafter.
• Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary masonry block drainage system of the present invention which is designed to be adhered onto the top of masonry blocks having vertical internal cavities;
• Fig. 2 is cross-sectional view of the exemplary masonry block drainage system of Fig. 1 when adhered into place on top of masonry blocks;
• Figs. 3-6 are cross-sectional views of other exemplary masonry block drainage systems of the invention.
• Fig. 7 is a top plan view of an exemplary masonry block drainage system of the invention.
• an exemplary masonry block drainage system 10 of the present invention may be provided in a convenient roll form 11 that can be unrolled at the construction site and adhered directly onto the top of a course of masonry blocks 6 having vertically-extended (or oriented) cavities 8.
• Masonry blocks are typically used for making walls and other building structures.
• An exemplary masonry block drainage system 10 comprises a waterproofing strip 12 having a generally planarly extending sheet body comprising a first major face (which will be downward facing when installed) and a second major face (upwardly disposed when installed as shown) extending between longitudinally extending roll edges 14 and 16 of the strip 12.
• the exemplary waterproofing strip 12 has means for water-sealing around the cavities 8 of the masonry block 6, such as a pressure-sensitive waterproofing adhesive 18 adhered onto the first face of the waterproofing strip 12 for attaching the drainage composite device 10 onto the top of the masonry block and thus preventing water from entering the vertical cavities 8 of the blocks.
• the width of the strip body sheet 12 should be slightly greater than the width of the block cavity 8, and preferably less than the width of the masonry block 6, so that after the strip 12 is installed on top of the blocks 6, then mortar can be applied along the side of the strip to cement the masonry block course to the next masonry block course.
• Known pressure-sensitive waterproofing adhesive materials may be used, such as bituminous adhesives, rubber-modified bituminous adhesives, non- bituminous synthetic adhesives (e.g., styrene-isoprene-styrene, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber), or mixture thereof, may be suitably employed on either or both of the major faces of the waterproofing strip 12.
• a conventional waterproofing adhesive layer or strip 18 may be coated or laminated onto a plastic film, for example, to obtain the waterproofing strip member 12, and may be provided as a continuous layer extending from one longitudinal edge (14) to the other (16) of the waterproofing strip 12.
• a release liner sheet 19 which can be made of siliconized or waxed paper or plastic, serves to protect the waterproofing adhesive layer 18, and is removed just before application, such as by peeling, or while the drainage device 10 is unrolled onto the blocks 6.
• the drainage fabric member 20 positioned against the first face (and thus, when installed, located on top) of the waterproofing strip 12.
• the drainage fabric member 20 preferably has a generally sheet or sheet- like (i.e., it is flat and Tollable) form that extends longitudinally with the strip 12.
• the drainage fabric member 20 may have the same or a smaller width than the strip 12.
• the exemplary drainage fabric member 20 shown comprises a strip of fabric, preferably non-woven, the purpose of which is to allow water to escape from the internal cavities of (subsequently installed) masonry blocks while resisting pluggage by dirt, debris, or mortar (which falls into the cavities of subsequently installed masonry block courses).
• Preferred non- woven fabrics are heavy felts or spun- bonded polyolefins or polyesters, such as the type used in soil filter fabrics and geotextiles. Fabric thicknesses are preferably greater than 1-3 mils, depending upon the density of the fabric. Thicker and/ or heavier fabrics are preferred, since this means that water drainage capacity of the drainage fabric member 20 is enhanced and that the fabric can still function to drain water even when mortar happens to drop onto the fabric.
• a nonwoven fabric may have a weight of 136 g/m 2 (4 oz/yd 2 ) to 270 g/m 2 (8 oz/yd 2 ).
• the drainage fabric member 20 is adhered (by adhesive or glue -not shown), melt-bonded, or otherwise attached to the upper face of the waterproofing strip member 12 to avoid relative movement therebetween.
• the masonry block drainage system 10 also comprises at least one weep member 30, and preferably a plurality of spaced-apart weep members, in communication with the drainage fabric member 20 and extending beyond the longitudinally-extending edge 16 of the waterproofing strip member 12.
• the function of weep members 30 is to provide a conduit so that water collected by the drainage fabric member 20 can flow to a location away from the masonry block cavities 8, such as to a location on the external face of the blocks 6.
• Exemplary weep members have generally elongated bodies having or defining a conduit channel, the bodies extending away from the longitudinally-extending edge 16 away from the strip member 12.
• numerous spaced-apart weep member 30 are used along the edge of the masonry block drainage device 12.
• weep members 30 and the drainage fabric member 20 may be integrally formed from the same fabric sheet (as is shown in Fig. 1). This may be done simply by cutting portions from the longitudinally-extending edge 14 of the woven or non-woven fabric sheet 20 to form extending weep members 30 that are shaped to extend to the edge of the outermost edge of the masonry block when the device 10 is properly installed over the cavities 8 of the block 6.
• fabric strips, ropes, tubing, drainage cores, or other water conduits can be placed on top of and/ or beneath the weep members 30.
• the weep members 30 themselves may also be attached as separated pieces, such as by laying thick fabric strips (preferably nonwoven), ropes, cords, or other porous members upon the edge of the drainage fabric member 20 at intervals along the longitudinally-extending waterproofing strip edge 16, such that water may be drained away from the drainage fabric member 20 to a location external to the masonry block 6 course.
• a corrugated strip or other support structure can be positioned over the weep members to resist collapse due to subsequently applied mortar and/ or blocks.
• a second waterproofing adhesive can be positioned on the second face (shown disposed upward) of the waterproofing strip 12, such that, at the (upwardly-facing) longitudinally-extending second face edges 22 and 24 of the waterproofing strip 12, mortar cement may be applied (onto the partially-exposed masonry block 6 and also onto the partially-exposed waterproofing strip upward face) for the next course of masonry blocks.
• the second waterproofing adhesive can be similar in composition to the first waterproofing adhesive 18, and is operative to form a mechanical bond when the mortar is applied onto it and allowed to cure.
• the second waterproofing adhesive may be applied onto the waterproofing strip 12 second major face in a manner to cover the second face entirely or to cover only a portion of that face along the longitudinally-extending upwardly facing outer edges (as shown at 22 and 24).
• the second waterproofing adhesive is in the form of a layer 40 (See Fig. 2) which has an optional protective coating 42, such as an elastomeric layer to protect the adhesive. Both the adhesive and coating layers are operative to bond with fresh mortar that is brought into contact with them and allowed to cure.
• the waterproofing strip member 12 with the first waterproofing adhesive layer 18 should have a longitudinally-extending edge-to-edge width that is slightly greater than the vertical cavity 8 (and preferably narrower than the width of the masonry block 6.
• the drainage fabric member 20 preferably has (but does not necessary have to have) a strip width less than that of the waterproofing strip 12 width, so that a second waterproofing adhesive 40 can be used at exposed, upwardly facing waterproofing strip portions 22 and 24 to bond with mortar 60 that is subsequently applied to the outer top surface of the masonry block 6. (For simplicity of illustration, only one edge 22 is shown covered with mortar cement 60).
• the weep members 30 preferably extend along and beyond the longitudinally-extending edges of the waterproofing strip 12, thereby functioning as a channel to drain seepage water from the drainage fabric member 20 and to direct the water to a location beyond the edge of the masonry block 6.
• mortar 60 is applied to the top surfaces of the block 6 and upon the second waterproofing adhesive 40 (preferably protected by an elastomeric coating 42) at the two upwardly facing portions 22 and 24, another masonry block course can then be positioned into place on top of the masonry block 6.
• the second waterproofing adhesive 40 and optional protective coating 42 which is applied at 22 and 24 (See Fig. 2), is operative to bond to mortar and is shown adhered along the edges of the upward face of the waterproofing strip 12.
• a further exemplary masonry drainage device 10 is shown in Fig. 3.
• the second waterproofing adhesive layer 40 preferably a synthetic non-bituminous pressure-sensitive adhesive such as styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), can be applied as a continuous layer across the upward face of the waterproofing strip 12, and thus used to attach the drainage fabric member 20.
• SIS synthetic non-bituminous pressure-sensitive adhesive
• Fig. 4 illustrates another exemplary masonry block drainage device 10 of the invention in which the drainage fabric member 20 comprises a fabric sheet 20A supported on an open core support member 20B.
• the sheet is preferably a non- woven fabric
• the open core support member preferably comprises a plastic sheet (e.g., polypropylene or polyethylene) having dimples, e.g., frusto-conical cone shaped projections, to which the fabric sheet 20A is adhered at a distance spaced- apart from the sheet 20B.
• This open core matrix preferably permits water flow in two directions, namely, both longitudinally along and transversely across the drainage fabric member 20.
• the combination of fabric and core sheet (20A/20B) is commercially available, for example, from Grace Construction Products, Cambridge, Massachusetts, under the tradename HYDRODUCT ® .
• This commercial drainage product may be provided in roll form.
• Such a drainage filter member can be cut along one edge to form weep members, or the weep members can be added at the application site in the form of strips cut from the HYDRODUCT ® composite product.
• Various composite drainage units are known and taught, for example, in US Patents 3,654,765; 3,812,001; 4,102,720; 4,572,700; 4,574,541; 4,614,000; 4,631,221; 4,662,778; 4,733,989; and 4,943,185 all of which are incorporated by reference herein.
• the drainage filter fabric 20 A can also be a non-woven fabric that is spaced apart from the waterproofing strip by a corrugated plastic sheet 12B (similar to corrugated cardboard), as shown in the cross-sectional lengthwise view of Fig. 5.
• Weep members 30 can be formed integrally out of the same fabric/ corrugated material as the filter/ sheet material 20A/20B.
• Fig. 5 also illustrates an exemplary embodiment wherein a first waterproofing adhesive 18 and a second waterproofing adhesive 40 can be in the form of strips positioned along at the longitudinally-extending edges of the waterproofing strip 12. These adhesives 18/40 can be protected by peelable release sheet strips (not shown) that are removed at the time of application.
• the drainage member 20 comprising the fabric 20A and optional open core 20B can be laid down such that the weep members 30 are embedded into the adhesive 40 on one side, so as to prevent relative movement of the member 20. In this case, the open core structure prevents fabric in the weep members from being blocked by mortar that is subsequently applied.
• Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary drainage device 10 of the present invention, wherein the waterproofing strip 12 preferably has fabric layers, preferably non-woven, positioned on both major faces.
• the non-woven fabric used as the drainage fabric member 20 can be made from the same material as the non- woven fabric attached to the opposed major face and used as a keying structure 18 for providing a waterproofing seal over the masonry block 6 cavity 8.
• a layer of mortar cement (6) is applied on top of the masonry block 6 course around the vertically-extending cavities 8, and then the device 10 is unrolled on top of (and embedded into) the mortar cement 60; and then one or more weep members 30 (which can also be made of the same non-woven material) are then positioned on top of the device 10. (If the weep members are integrally formed from the same sheet as the drainage filter member 20, then labor is conserved at the application site). A second layer of mortar (60B) is then applied onto the top of the masonry blocks 6 and outer edge of the drainage fabric member 20.
• Further exemplary keying structures in addition to fabrics (e.g., non-woven), include the use of fibers or "fuzz" which may be attached to or integral with the waterproofing strip 12 or even the use of surface roughness sufficient to key with the mortar. Such “keying" structures are known in the waterproofing art, and are believed to be suitable for bonding with fresh applied mortar as contemplated in the present invention.
• Fig. 7 is a top plan view of an exemplary masonry block drainage system 10 of the present invention installed over the cavity (8) portions of mortar blocks.
• the drainage fabric 20A is shown preferably having a narrower width than the waterproofing strip 12 (also shown narrower for purposes of illustration).
• Exemplary weep members, such as shown at 30, can comprise inverted strips of HYDRODUCT® brand drainage product (soil filter fabric adhered to cuspated core), laid across the longitudinally-extending edge 16 of the device 10 and extending beyond the edge of the masonry block.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Retaining Walls (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=22357385

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

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Citations (5)

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• 2000
  • 2000-01-03 JP JP2000592497A patent/JP4362234B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-01-03 AU AU25979/00A patent/AU755663B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-01-03 CN CNB008044570A patent/CN1179101C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-01-03 US US09/869,821 patent/US6564520B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-01-03 WO PCT/US2000/000036 patent/WO2000040809A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-01-03 CA CA002357840A patent/CA2357840C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-01-03 EP EP00904183A patent/EP1144765A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-01-03 KR KR1020017008572A patent/KR20010089780A/ko not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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