WO2000035026A1 - Resistive strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit mindestens einer von einer isolierenden schicht abgedeckten leiterbahn unter verwendung von hoch-tc-supraleitermaterial - Google Patents
Resistive strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit mindestens einer von einer isolierenden schicht abgedeckten leiterbahn unter verwendung von hoch-tc-supraleitermaterial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000035026A1 WO2000035026A1 PCT/DE1999/003754 DE9903754W WO0035026A1 WO 2000035026 A1 WO2000035026 A1 WO 2000035026A1 DE 9903754 W DE9903754 W DE 9903754W WO 0035026 A1 WO0035026 A1 WO 0035026A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cover layer
- conductor track
- thickness
- limiting device
- current
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/30—Devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
- Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
- Y10S505/881—Resistance device responsive to magnetic field
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
Definitions
- Resistive current limiting device with at least one conductor track covered by an insulating layer using high-T c superconductor material
- the invention relates to a resistive current limiting device with at least one conductor track designed for a predetermined nominal current, which contains metal oxide high-T c superconductor material, is arranged on a carrier body and is provided with a cover layer made of an at least largely insulating material.
- a Stro limiting device emerges from DE 195 20 205 AI.
- Short circuits and electrical arcing cannot be avoided with certainty in electrical AC supply networks.
- the alternating current in the affected circuit increases very quickly, i.e. in the first half-wave, to a multiple of its nominal value until it is interrupted by suitable fuse and / or switching means.
- considerable thermal and mechanical loads from current forces occur in all affected network components such as lines and busbars, switches and transformers. Since these short-term loads increase with the square of the current, a safe limitation of the short-circuit current to a lower peak value can considerably reduce the requirements for the load capacity of these network components. This enables cost advantages to be achieved, for example when building new networks or when expanding existing networks, by replacing network components with embodiments that can withstand higher loads by installing current limiting devices.
- Resistive superconducting current limiting devices of the type mentioned in the introduction form a superconducting switching path to be inserted serially into a circuit.
- the heating above the transition temperature T c occurs through Joule 'see heat in the superconductor of the conductor track itself, if after a short circuit the current density j rises above the critical value j c of the superconductor material, the material already assuming a finite electrical resistance below the transition temperature T c .
- an advantageously reduced residual current continues to flow in the circuit until the circuit is completely interrupted, for example by means of an additional mechanical disconnector.
- HTS materials metal oxide high-T c superconductor materials
- LN 2 liquid nitrogen
- the superconducting current path should be in heat-conducting contact with a coolant, which is able to return it to the superconducting operating state in a relatively short time after the critical current density j c has been exceeded.
- the known current limiting device has a carrier body made of an electrically insulating material such as, for example, Y-stabilized ZrO 2 or glass, to which a metal oxide HTS material in the form of a layer structured at least one conductor track is applied directly or via an intermediate layer .
- the conductor track can in particular be designed as a meander (cf. EP 0 523 374 AI). At its ends, the conductor track can be contacted with further conductors for feeding in or tapping off the current to be limited.
- at least the superconductor material can also be covered with an insulating layer.
- Embodiments of current limiting devices using HTS material are also known, in which the conductor tracks are covered with normally conductive material, which serve as a so-called shunt resistor (cf. EP 0 345 767 AI).
- the main body that stores the conductor path during the switching phase is the carrier body carrying the conductor path, while the heat transfer from the material Conductor to a reservoir of the coolant, such as in particular LN 2, is small and further deteriorates due to the formation of a gas film on the surface.
- the temperature gradients that can be tolerated locally by the layer system of the conductor tracks represent the material-specific limit for a maximum electrical power that can be switched.
- liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) or the nitrogen gas film that forms as a result of the heating additionally has a significantly lower dielectric strength compared to a solid body, which increases with switching capacity while at the same time using the space as optimally as possible by minimizing the spaces between individual conductor track parts, such as is particularly important for a meander shape.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to design the current limiting device with the features mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be used for comparatively higher switching powers.
- the material of the cover layer is a plastic with at least one filler which increases the thermal conductivity and at least that part of the cover layer which is assigned to the surface of the at least one conductor track has a thickness which is greater than the thickness of the conductor track.
- a cover layer of this type which represents an insulating solid, namely acts as an additional heat buffer for the thermal energy deposited in the conductor track during the switching process.
- Filled plastic materials also have significantly better thermal conductivity, heat storage and heat transfer coefficients than a liquid and, above all, gaseous, turbulent flowing coolant such as LN 2 and also have the aforementioned high mechanical stability.
- Insulating materials which are curable at room temperature or at elevated temperature and provided with the filler are advantageously chosen as the cover layer material, which in particular include synthetic materials. epoxy resin based resins. Such materials are relatively easy to apply and non-porous on the surface of the conductor track or the structure of the conductor track and support body and cure there.
- the proportion of filler material in the plastic material is advantageously chosen between 5 and 60% by volume if electrically conductive filler material is provided. If electrically non-conductive full material is used, the proportion can be up to 80% by volume. This ensures not only adequate mechanical stability of the structure of the cover layer and the underlying conductor track, but also particularly good heat dissipation.
- filler materials are advantageously at least one material from the group Cu, Ag, Al, alloys thereof, metal oxides, provided in particular A1 2 0 3 or Y 2 0 3 or CuO. Particularly good heat dissipation from the cryogenic coolant can be achieved with these materials. From the point of view of sufficient resilience, filler materials made of electrically non-conductive material are particularly suitable.
- the average thickness of the cover layer should be between 10 ⁇ m and 1 mm. Adequate cooling of the superconducting conductor track is thus possible on the one hand; on the other hand, the aspect of mechanical stability is sufficiently taken into account.
- the choice of material for the cover layer and in particular for the fillers is advantageously chosen such that a dielectric strength of the cover layer at operating temperature of the superconductor material of at least 15 kV / mm, preferably at least 20 kV / mm, is maintained. Such values of dielectric strength can be easily achieved with conventional filler materials and plastic materials. Further advantageous refinements of the current limiting device according to the invention emerge from the remaining dependent claims.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a current limiting device according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows a section of a further embodiment of such a current limiting device.
- the concrete design of the current limiting device according to the invention is based on embodiments known per se (cf. DE 195 20 205 AI or EP 0 523 374 AI).
- the current limiting device therefore comprises at least one support body, which can also be referred to as a substrate, optionally at least one intermediate layer deposited thereon, which is also to be regarded as a buffer or adhesive layer, and at least one layer of an HTS material applied to this intermediate layer.
- a plate or a band or some other structure made of a metallic or electrically insulating material is used with an inherently arbitrary thickness and the dimensions required for the respective application.
- Suitable metallic materials for this purpose are all elemental metals or alloys of these metals known as carriers for HTS materials.
- Such supports generally have to be coated with an insulation layer compared to the HTS material.
- metallic, electrically insulating material for the carrier body come ceramics such as with Y-stabilized Zr0 2 (abbreviation: "YSZ”), MgO, SrTi0 3 or in particular glass material rialien in question.
- the intermediate layer can be selected in particular to promote textured growth of the HTS material.
- YSZ, Ce0 2 , YSZ + Ce0 2 (as a double layer), Pr 6 O n , MgO, Y + SN-doped In 2 0 3 (as a double layer), SrTi0 3 or Lai- x Ca x MnOs are suitable, for example, as the intermediate layer material .
- HTS materials All known metal-oxide high-T c superconductor materials are suitable as HTS materials, which in particular allow cooling technology with liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ).
- These materials are only basic types; Therefore, individual components can be at least partially replaced in a manner known per se by suitable other components.
- the HTS layer formed from this material is structured to form the at least one conductor track.
- the layer or structure made of the HTS material can also be provided with at least one electrically conductive shunt resistor
- Suitable shunt resistance materials are those that do not have any undesirable reactions with the HTS material. Examples include Ag and Au and their alloys with other alloy partners.
- the conductor track which may have such a metallic shunt resistance layer, should be covered with at least one special, at least largely electrically insulating cover layer made of a plastic material and of sufficient thickness. The thickness of the cover layer should be greater, preferably at least 3 times as large as the conductor track in the corresponding surface area. This cover need not only be present in the area of the conductor track. Rather, it can also extend on the entire surface of the structure of the current limiting device on one or both sides. A corresponding structure of a current limiting device or a part thereof is shown in FIG. 1.
- This current limiting device therefore contains a carrier body 3 of thickness d1, a thin intermediate layer or buffer layer possibly arranged thereon, not shown in the figure, and at least one applied thereon, Conductor path 4 formed from an HTS layer of thickness d2. At its ends, this conductor path is provided with contact surfaces, not shown, to which further conductors for feeding in or discharging a current to be limited are to be connected.
- An insulating cover layer deposited on this at least in the region of the conductor track is denoted by 5 and has a thickness d3 (in the region of the conductor track). As shown in the figure, this cover layer can also cover the entire structure.
- the rear side of the structure can also be provided with a corresponding cover layer 5 '.
- Such embedding of the carrier body has practically no influence on the switching phase; it primarily serves for further mechanical stabilization.
- the current limiting device 2 or its at least one conductor track 4 is kept at the cryogenic operating temperature by a coolant M such as LN 2 .
- the cover layer 5 should consist of an insulating plastic material which is also filled in particular with at least 5% by volume of a filler material.
- insulating materials are plastics which can be cured at room temperature or at higher temperatures and are also used as single- or multi-component adhesives, such as epoxy resins.
- Suitable epoxy resins are known, for example, under the trade name “Stycast 2850 FT blue / black” from WR Grace & Co.-Conn., New York (US) or “Uhu plus endfest 300” from Uhu GmbH, Bühl (DE) .
- Further examples of suitable plastic materials can be found in EP 0 488 275 A2 or US 3,291,758 A.
- plastic materials are said to also be filled with at least one filler which increases the thermal conductivity and is made of an electrically conductive or in particular electrically non-conductive material.
- electrically non-conductive filler materials are preferred. Their proportion is generally between 5 and 80% by volume. A1 2 0 3 is particularly advantageous because of its good thermal conductivity (see, for example, EP 0 386 473 B1).
- electrically conductive filler materials their maximum proportion is generally at comparatively lower values, in particular between 5 and 60% by volume. Examples of such filler materials are Cu, Al or Ag and their alloys.
- the electrically non-conductive filler material A1 2 0 3 mentioned for example in the form of sapphire, other metal oxides such as Y 2 0 3 or CuO are also particularly suitable.
- the thickness d3 of the cover layer 5 or 5 ' should be chosen at least in the area of the surface of the assigned conductor track 4 such that it is larger, preferably at least 3 times as large as the thickness d1 of the conductor track underneath.
- This structure is provided on both sides with a covering layer 5 or 5 'made of "Uhu plus endfest 300" with 10% Cu powder filling and a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- the dielectric strength of this layer is approximately 20 kV / mm.
- FIG. 2 shows a section of a further embodiment of a current limiting device 12 according to the invention, the support body 3 of which is provided on both sides with HTS conductor tracks 4 or 4 '.
- the carrier body for example, again consists of a special glass material that is thin on both sides, for example 0.3 ⁇ m thick Buffer layer 13 or 13 'made of YSZ is coated. On each of these buffer layers there is a conductor track 4 or 4 'made of an HTS material such as Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 0 8 + x .
- These conductor tracks are each covered by a thin, for example 0.5 ⁇ m thick shunt resistance layer 14 or 14 'made of a normally conductive material such as Au or Ag.
- This structure is covered on both sides with a cover layer 5 or 5 ', for example 10 ⁇ m thick, made of the special insulating plastic material with fillers.
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002353918A CA2353918A1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-11-25 | Resistive current-limiting device with at least one printed conductor covered by an insulating layer by using high tc superconductive material |
US09/857,699 US6524684B1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-11-25 | Resistive current-limiting device with at least one printed conductor covered by an insulating layer by using high Tc superconductive material |
JP2000587389A JP2002533040A (ja) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-11-25 | 超伝導材料を使用した印刷導体を備える抵抗限流装置 |
EP99962076A EP1151481A1 (de) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-11-25 | Resistive strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit mindestens einer von einer isolierenden schicht abgedeckten leiterbahn unter verwendung von hoch-t c?-supraleitermaterial |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19856607A DE19856607C1 (de) | 1998-12-08 | 1998-12-08 | Resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit mindestens einer von einer isolierenden Schicht abgedeckten Leiterbahn unter Verwendung von Hoch-T¶c¶-Supraleitermaterial |
DE19856607.7 | 1998-12-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000035026A1 true WO2000035026A1 (de) | 2000-06-15 |
Family
ID=7890387
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1999/003754 WO2000035026A1 (de) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-11-25 | Resistive strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit mindestens einer von einer isolierenden schicht abgedeckten leiterbahn unter verwendung von hoch-tc-supraleitermaterial |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6524684B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1151481A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002533040A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1329758A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2353918A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19856607C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000035026A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE352874T1 (de) * | 2002-06-17 | 2007-02-15 | Abb Research Ltd | Supraleitender fehlerstrombegrenzer |
CN1973381A (zh) * | 2004-06-24 | 2007-05-30 | 独立行政法人产业技术综合研究所 | 超导故障-限流元件及其制造工艺 |
CN102956809B (zh) * | 2012-11-02 | 2015-11-25 | 西南交通大学 | 双面ybco薄膜结构的超导限流器单元模块 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08161983A (ja) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 限流器およびその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3291758A (en) * | 1963-05-31 | 1966-12-13 | Gen Electric | Superconductive materials |
SE461306B (sv) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-01-29 | Asea Brown Boveri | Stroembegraensare |
DE59010594D1 (de) * | 1989-03-08 | 1997-01-23 | Siemens Ag | Tropfenabdeckmassen für elektrische und elektronische Bauelemente |
JP2786330B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-30 | 1998-08-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 超電導マグネットコイル、及び該マグネットコイルに用いる硬化性樹脂組成物 |
DE4119984A1 (de) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-24 | Hoechst Ag | Resistiver strombegrenzer |
DE4119983A1 (de) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-24 | Hoechst Ag | Resistiver strombegrenzer und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
DE4434819C5 (de) * | 1994-09-29 | 2004-05-27 | Abb Research Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur Strombegrenzung |
JPH10509277A (ja) | 1994-10-05 | 1998-09-08 | ザ ウィタカー コーポレーション | 追加の印刷回路のための熱制御 |
DE19520205A1 (de) * | 1995-06-01 | 1996-12-05 | Siemens Ag | Resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtung unter Verwendung von Hoch-T¶c¶Supraleitermaterial |
DE19634424C2 (de) | 1996-08-26 | 1998-07-02 | Abb Research Ltd | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strombegrenzers mit einem Hochtemperatursupraleiter |
-
1998
- 1998-12-08 DE DE19856607A patent/DE19856607C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-11-25 CA CA002353918A patent/CA2353918A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-25 US US09/857,699 patent/US6524684B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-25 CN CN99814284A patent/CN1329758A/zh active Pending
- 1999-11-25 WO PCT/DE1999/003754 patent/WO2000035026A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-25 EP EP99962076A patent/EP1151481A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-25 JP JP2000587389A patent/JP2002533040A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08161983A (ja) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 限流器およびその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 10 31 October 1996 (1996-10-31) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6524684B1 (en) | 2003-02-25 |
CN1329758A (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
DE19856607C1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
CA2353918A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
EP1151481A1 (de) | 2001-11-07 |
JP2002533040A (ja) | 2002-10-02 |
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