WO2000034028A2 - Verfahren zum stumpfschweissen vernetzter polyethylenrohre (pe-x-rohre) - Google Patents

Verfahren zum stumpfschweissen vernetzter polyethylenrohre (pe-x-rohre) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000034028A2
WO2000034028A2 PCT/DE1999/003940 DE9903940W WO0034028A2 WO 2000034028 A2 WO2000034028 A2 WO 2000034028A2 DE 9903940 W DE9903940 W DE 9903940W WO 0034028 A2 WO0034028 A2 WO 0034028A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipes
welding
melt
cross
heating element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1999/003940
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2000034028A3 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Tobias
Gunter Bernstein
Original Assignee
Kunststoff-Zentrum In Leipzig Ggmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kunststoff-Zentrum In Leipzig Ggmbh filed Critical Kunststoff-Zentrum In Leipzig Ggmbh
Priority to DE59904006T priority Critical patent/DE59904006D1/de
Priority to US09/857,897 priority patent/US6524425B1/en
Priority to AT99966850T priority patent/ATE230668T1/de
Priority to EP99966850A priority patent/EP1144179B1/de
Publication of WO2000034028A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000034028A2/de
Publication of WO2000034028A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000034028A3/de

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B29C66/73754—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • B29C66/73756—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being fully cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B29C66/81435—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/24—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped crosslinked or vulcanised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

Definitions

  • PE-X pipes cross-linked polyethylene pipes
  • the invention relates to a method for butt welding of cross-linked polyethylene pipes (PE-X pipes) for using these pipes in industrial and underground pipeline construction.
  • PE-X pipes cross-linked polyethylene pipes
  • PE-HD pipes Polyethylene pipes of high density (PE-HD pipes) are characterized by excellent properties. They occupy a dominant position, particularly in pipeline construction for gas and water. They are flexible, elastic, corrosion-proof, electrically insulating and easy to weld. However, due to their susceptibility to notches and abrasion, they must be laid in stone-free soil; sand may be required. This sand fill often costs more than the pipe. Therefore, economical trenchless installation and relining by pulling the pipes into existing ailing pipes is often not possible. These requirements and restrictions ultimately determine the costs of pipeline construction.
  • PE-X pipes Cross-linked polyethylene pipes
  • PE-HD pipes high-density polyethylene pipes
  • the notch sensitivity of PE-X pipes no longer requires time-consuming and costly sand bedding and also allows trenchless pipe laying with appropriate deep plows.
  • PE-X cross-linked polyethylene
  • PE-X pipes networked polyethylene pipes up to 63 mm have been used in the field of sanitary engineering, in the hot water and heating area, as well as for gas pressure lines and compressed air lines.
  • the mostly long pipes are connected to each other using mechanical connectors made of brass or stainless steel (trade journal gwf-Gas-Erdgas, year 131, 1990, issue 10/11, pages 477 - 482).
  • PE-X cannot be welded.
  • studies by domestic and foreign institutes and pipeline construction companies have shown that it is possible to weld cross-linked polyethylene with uncross-linked. It was also found that PE-X cannot be welded to PE-X.
  • Heating element welding connections between PE-X and PE-HD pipes achieved a welding factor of> 0.5 ("Use of the pipe material PE-X in the gas supply", member information Nov. 1997 of the Plastic Pipe Association eV Bonn).
  • a connection is PE -X-pipe / PE-HD pipe without economic significance.
  • the use of electric welding sleeves made of PE-HD for connecting PE-X pipes was successfully tested. During the welding process, the PE-HD is melted, the PE-X is only Strength tests have shown that this connection is suitable for the gas and water supply sector.
  • Some pipelines are in operation ("The pipe material PE-X; pipe material properties, quality assurance and main areas of application", conference proceedings and lecture on the international Wiesbaden plastic pipe days in 1998 on 27. and 28. 04.98 and "Decision criteria for the selection of pipe materials in the gas supply", likewise ls from the cited conference proceedings).
  • connection method with electrofusion fittings is costly with an increasing pipe diameter and is not necessary for the relining of pipe systems. Suitable because the electrical welding sleeves interfere with the pulling in of the PE-X pipe.
  • the joining surfaces of the pipe ends to be welded are then heated to a minimum of 450 ° C with a heating element with a warm-up time of 8 seconds and joined together after removing the heating element under high pressure, the pressure being maintained until the joining zone has cooled to ambient temperature.
  • This method has not found its way into the practice of pipeline construction, since no reproducible and no satisfactory weld seam strengths have been achieved.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method for butt welding of cross-linked polyethylene pipes, preferably for diameters> 90 mm, which is characterized by the material fit of the connection, high weld seam strength, economy and practical relevance.
  • the invention is based on the known butt welding method for tubes with a tube diameter> 90 mm.
  • the pipe end faces of the cross-linked polyethylene pipes (PE-X pipes) are spatially melted with a radially toothed heating element, the temperature of which is> 420 ° C but ⁇ 450 ° C, with a heating time> 60 s, depending on the pipe wall thickness, that as a result of the local thermal disintegration of the cross-linked material structure, enlarged and toothed pipe end faces are formed, the integral melt layer of which, from the vapor or gas phase to the thermoelastic phase, contains all possible melt state phases, during the subsequent joining process under a welding pressure of 0.10 to 0, 40 N / mm 2 comes into contact with one another in such a way that the tooth tips of one pipe end face meet the tooth bases of the other pipe end face, that a connectable melt phase of this layer produces a mixed effect of the melt through turbulent movements on the tooth flanks in contact and a spatially distributed weld t generated with
  • each radial toothed rib forming an equilateral triangle with a flank angle of 60 °.
  • the center of the radial toothing and the pipe axes must lie in one axis.
  • PE-X pipes cross-linked polyethylene pipes
  • the solution according to the invention makes the use of cross-linked PE pipes of larger diameters only possible at low cost.
  • the results can be used in the entire industrial and underground pipeline construction. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.
  • a butt weld connection is made between two pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene measuring 110 x 10 mm.
  • FIG. 2 enlarged section 3 of FIG. 1 with an insight into the
  • the PE-X pipes 1 and 2 are joined together by butt welding.
  • the pipe end faces 4 and 5 of the PE-X pipes 1 and 2 with the radially toothed heating element 6, the temperature of which is 435 ° C. are melted with a warming-up time of 180 s in such a way that an enlarged and toothed surface is formed on both pipe end faces 4 and 5 with an integral melt layer, FIG. 2 is produced.
  • the melt flows in opposite directions in the contact area of the bonding surface 7, which leads to turbulent mixtures 8 and to an additional mechanical mixing effect and leads to an increase in the bond area.
  • the welding pressure of 0.2 N / mm 2 is maintained until the joining zone has cooled to ambient temperature. After cooling, the butt welding is completed and a material connection is established between the PE-X pipes.
  • the welding factors achieved are 1, the conditions of the creep test according to DIN 8075 are met.
  • the plate-shaped heating element 6 has a radial toothed profile 9 on its end faces, the teeth in cross section representing an equilateral triangle with a flank angle of 60 ° and the tooth height in the tube diameter range of 110 mm being 4 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Stumpfschweissen von vernetzten Polyethylenrohren zur Nutzung dieser Rohre im industriellen und erdverlegten Rohrleitungsbau. Erfindungsgemäß werden die Rohrstirnflächen der PE-X-Rohre mit einem gezahnten Heizelement (9), Temperatur > 420 °C, aber < 450 °C mit einer Anwärmzeit von > 60s, so räumlich aufgeschmolzen, daß vergrößerte und gezahnte Rohrstirnflächen (5) entstehen, deren integrale Schmelzeschicht beim Fügevorgang unter einem Schweißdruck von 0,10 bis 0,40 N/mm2 in Verbindung kommen, daß eine verbindungsfähige Schmelzephase dieser schicht durch turbulente Bewegungen (8) an den sich berührenden Zahnflanken einen Mischeffekt der Schmelze hervorruft und eine räumlich verteilte Schweißnaht mit vergrößerter Bindefläche (7) erzeugt. Der Schweißdruck wird bis zum Abkühlen der Fügezone auf Umgebungstemperatur aufrecht erhalten. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen stumpfschweißverfahren können PE-X-Rohre direkt ohne Schweißhilfsmittel oder einen Zusatzwerkstoff dauerhaft und haltbar miteinander verbunden werden.

Description

Beschreibung
Verfahren zum Stumpfschweißen vernetzter Poiyethyienrohre ( PE-X-Rohre )
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Stumpfschweißen von vernetzten Polyethy- lenrohren ( PE-X-Rohren ) zur Nutzung dieser Rohre im industriellen und erdverlegten Rohrleitungsbau. 0
Poiyethyienrohre hoher Dichte (PE-HD-Rohre) zeichnen sich durch hervorragende Eigenschaften aus. Besonders im Rohrleitungsbau für Gas und Wasser nehmen sie eine dominierende Stellung ein. Sie sind flexibel, elastisch, korrosionssicher, elektrisch isolierend und problemlos schweißbar. Allerdings müssen sie wegen ihrer An- 5 fälfigkeit gegen Kerben und Abrasion in steinfreiem Boden verlegt werden, gegebenenfalls ist eine Sandschüttung erforderlich. Diese Sandschüttung kostet nicht selten mehr als das Rohr. Oftmals ist deshalb eine wirtschaftliche grabenlose Verlegung und ein Relining durch Einziehen der Rohre in bestehende marode Rohrleitungen nicht möglich. Diese Erfordernisse und Einschränkungen bestimmen letztendlich die Kosten des Rohrleitungsbaues.
Vernetzte Poiyethyienrohre (PE-X-Rohre) übertreffen die Eigenschaften der Poiyethyienrohre hoher Dichte ( PE-HD-Rohre ) noch, denn ihre Temperatur-beständigkeit geht bis +100°C, sie sind beständig gegen abrasive Feststoffe und Medien, sie besit- zen eine gute Langzeitbeständigkeit, einen niedrigen Reibungskoeffizienten und neigen nicht zur Spannungsrißbildung sowie langsamer und schneller Rißausbreitung. Diese positiven Eigenschaften, insbesondere die höhere Verschleißfestigkeit und die gute Langzeitbeständigkeit der PE-X-Rohre könnten im öffentlichen Bereich für Gas, Wasser-, Abwasser- und Kabeirohre wirtschaftlich genutzt werden . Die Kerbunemp- findlichkeit der PE-X-Rohre erfordert keine aufwendige und kostenintensive Sandbettung mehr und gestattet auch die grabenlose Rohrverlegung mit entsprechenden Tiefpflügen. Außerdem ermöglicht sie auch das Relining von Trink- und Abwasseriei- tungen aus Stahl, in die das flexible und kratzfeste PE-X-Rohr eingezogen wird. Das führt zu erheblichen Einsparungen infoige einer Vereinfachung der Verlegetechnik und zu einer möglichen Reduzierung der Rohrwanddicke aufgrund der höheren Festigkeit der PE-X-Rohre.
Ein wesentliches Problem bei der Herstellung von Rohrleitungssystemen bildet aber die Verbindungstechnik. So vorteilhaft die zuvor genannten Eigenschaften der PE-X- Rohre sind, so nachteilig ist die fehlende Schweißbarkeit. Durch die Vernetzung geht der thermoplastische Charakter des Ausgangswerkstoffes Polyethylen verloren. Das bedeutet nach allgemeinem Erkenntnisstand u.a., daß vemetztes Polyethylen (PE-X) untereinander keine stoffschlüssige Verbindung eingeht.
Traditionelle Schweißverfahren führen nur zu sehr ungenügenden Schweißnaht-fe- stigkeiten.
Schweißverfahren, die sich durch hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit im traditionellen PE-Rohriei- tungsbau auszeichnen, sind das Heizelementschweißen für Rohrdurchmesser >110 mm und das Elektromuffenschweißen (im industriellen Rohrleitungsbau auch das Heizelementmuffenschweißen) meist für kleinere Rohrdurchmesser.
Für vernetzte PE-Rohre sind diese Schweißverfahren, bis auf das Elektromuffenschweißen, nicht einsetzbar, da vernetztes Polyethylen ( PE-X ) infolge seiner molekularen Struktur einen Thermoelast darstellt und unter Wärmeeinwirkung im Schweißtemperaturbereich für PE-HD nicht mehr aufschmilzt, sondern nur gummiela- stisch weich wird.
Seit Mitte der 70er Jahre werden vernetzte Poiyethyienrohre ( PE-X-Rohre ) bis 63 mm im Bereich der Sanitärtechnik, im Warmwasser- und Heizungsbereich sowie auch für Gasdruckleitungen und Druckluftleitungen eingesetzt. Bei diesen erfolgt die Verbindung der meist langen Rohre untereinander mittels mechanischer Verbinder aus Messing oder Edelstahl (Fachzeitschrift gwf-Gas-Erdgas, Jahrgang 131 ,1990, Heft 10/11 , Seite 477 - 482 ).
Nachteilig bei diesen Lösungen ist der hohe Kosten- und Montageaufwand, der mit zunehmendem Rohrdurchmesser steigt. Darüber hinaus sind die Verbinder werkstoffbedingte Störstellen im Eigenschaftsbild des vernetzten Polyethylens. Das große Interesse aller Rohrleitungsbauer, insbesondere des Gas- und Wasserfaches, an der Nutzung der hervorragenden Eigenschaften der PE-X-Rohre führte zu Untersuchungen über Verbindungsmöglichkeiten und der Zuverlässigkeit dieser Verbindungen.
Nach dem allgemeinen Erkenntnisstand ging man davon aus, daß PE-X nicht verschweißbar ist. Untersuchungen in- und ausländischer Institute und Rohrleitungsbau- Unternehmen ergaben aber, daß es möglich ist, vernetztes Polyethylen mit unvernetz- tem zu verschweißen. Es wurde auch festgestellt, daß PE-X mit PE-X nicht ver- schweißbar ist.
Heizelementschweißverbindungen zwischen PE-X- und PE-HD-Rohren erreichten einen Schweißfaktor von >0,5 ( „Einsatz des Rohrwerkstoffes PE-X in der Gasversorgung", Mitgliederinformation Nov. 1997 des Kunststoffrohrverbandes e.V. Bonn ). Al- lerdings ist eine Verbindung PE-X-Rohr / PE-HD-Rohr ohne wirtschaftliche Bedeutung. Weiterhin wurde der Einsatz von Elektroschweißmuffen aus PE-HD zum Verbinden von PE-X-Rohren erfolgreich erprobt. Beim Schweißvorgang wird das PE-HD aufgeschmolzen, das PE-X wird nur gummielastisch weich. Festigkeitsuntersuchungen ergaben, daß diese Verbindung für den Bereich der Gas- und Wasserversorgung geeignet ist. Einige Rohrleitungen sind im Betrieb („Der Rohrleitungswerkstoff PE-X; Rohrwerkstoffeigenschaften, Qualitätssicherung und Haupteinsatzgebiete", Tagungsband und Vortrag zu den internationalen Wiesbadener Kunststoffrohrtagen 1998 am 27. und 28. 04.98 und „Entscheidungskriterien bei der Auswahl von Rohrwerkstoffen in der Gasversorgung", ebenfalls aus dem zitierten Tagungsband ).
Dieses Verbindungsverfahren mit Elektroschweißfittings ist mit größer werdendem Rohrdurchmesser kostenintensiv und für das Relining von Rohrsystemen nicht ge- eignet, da die Elektroschweißmuffen beim Einziehen des PE-X-Rohres stören.
Aus der Schutzrechtsliteratur, DD-WP 139 544, wurde ein Verfahren zum Verbinden vernetzter Halbzeuge, insbesondere von Rohren aus vernetztem Polyethylen be- kannt. Danach werden die Fügefiächen der zu verschweißenden Rohrenden mit einem flächigen Heizelement mit 8 Sekunden Anwärmzeit auf mindestens 450°C aufgeheizt und nach dem Entfernen des Heizelementes unter hohem Druck zusammengefügt, wobei der Druck bis zum Abkühlen der Fügezone auf Umgebungstemperatur aufrecht erhalten wird. Dieses Verfahren hat keinen Eingang in die Praxis des Rohrlei- tungsbaues gefunden, da keine reproduzierbaren und keine befriedigenden Schweißnahtfestigkeiten erreicht wurden.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Stumpfschweißen von vernetzten Poiyethylenrohren, vorzugsweise für Durchmesser > 90 mm zu schaffen, welches sich durch Stoffschlüssigkeit der Verbindung, hohe Schweißnahtfestigkeit , Wirt- schaftlichkeit und Praxisnähe auszeichnet.
Die Erfindung geht von dem an sich bekannten Heizelementstumpfschweißverfahren für Rohre mit einem Rohrdurchmesser >90 mm aus. Erfindungsgemäß werden die Rohrstirnflächen der vernetzten Poiyethyienrohre (PE-X-Rohre) mit einem radial ge- zahnten Heizelement, dessen Temperatur >420°C aber <450°C beträgt, mit einer Anwärmzeit > 60 s in Abhängigkeit von der Rohrwanddicke so räumlich aufgeschmolzen, daß infolge des lokalen thermischen Aufschlusses der vernetzten Werkstoffstruktur vergrößerte und gezahnte Rohrstirnflächen entstehen, deren integrale Schmeizeschicht, die von der Dampf- oder Gasphase bis zur thermoelastischen Pha- se alle möglichen Schmelzezustandsphasen enthält, beim anschließenden Fügevorgang unter einem Schweißdruck von 0,10 bis 0,40 N/mm2 so miteinander in Verbindung kommt, daß die Zahnspitzen der einen Rohrstirnfläche auf die Zahngründe der anderen Rohrstirnfläche treffen, daß eine verbindungsfähige Schmelzephase dieser Schicht durch turbulente Bewegungen an den sich berührenden Zahnflanken einen Mischeffekt der Schmelze hervorruft und eine räumlich verteilte Schweißnaht mit vergrößerter Bindefläche erzeugt. Der Schweißdruck wird bis zum Abkühlen der Fügezone auf Umgebungstemperatur aufrecht erhalten.
Die Radialzahnung des plattenförmigen Heizelementes verläuft vom Umfang des Heizelementes konvergierend zum Mittelpunkt, wobei jede radiale Zahnrippe ein gleichseitiges Dreieck mit einem Flankenwinkei von 60° bildet. Beim Anwärmvorgang müssen Mittelpunkt der Radialzahnung und die Rohrachsen in einer Achse liegen.
Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß mit dem dargestellten Stumpfschweißverfahren vernetzte Poiyethyienrohre ( PE-X-Rohre ) direkt und ohne Schweißhilfsmittel oder einen Zusatzwerkstoff dauerhaft und haltbar miteinander verbunden werden können.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird der Einsatz vernetzter PE-Rohre größerer Durchmesser überhaupt erst kostengünstig möglich. Die Ergebnisse sind im gesamten industriellen und erdverlegten Rohrleitungsbau nutzbar. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.
Es wird eine Stumpfschweißverbindung zwischen zwei Rohren aus vernetztem Po- lyethylen der Dimension 110 x 10 mm hergestellt.
Fig. 1 Stumpfschweißverbindung zwischen den Rohren 1 und 2 mit gekennzeichnetem Ausschnitt 3
Fig. 2 Vergrößerter Ausschnitt 3 nach Fig. 1 mit Einblick in die
Schweißnaht
Fig. 3 Geometrie der radialgezahnten Stinfläche des Heizelementes
Nach Fig.1 werden die PE-X-Rohre 1 und 2 durch Heizelementstumpfschweißen miteinander verbunden. Dazu werden die Rohrstirnfiächen 4 und 5 der PE-X-Rohre 1 und 2 mit dem radialgezahnten Heizelement 6, dessen Temperatur 435°C beträgt, mit einer Anwärmzeit von 180 s so aufgeschmolzen, daß an beiden Rohrstirnflächen 4 und 5 eine vergrößerte und gezahnte Oberfläche mit einer integralen Schmelze- Schicht entsteht Fig. 2.
Bei dem sich nach dem Entfernen des Heizelementes 6 anschließendem sofortigen Fügevorgang mit einem Schweißdruck von 0,2 N/mm2 erfolgt im Kontaktbereich der Bindefläche 7 ein gegenläufiges Fließen der Schmelze, welches zu turbulenten Ver- mischungen 8 sowie zu einem zusätzlichen mechanischen Mischeffekt und zu einer Bindeflächenvergrößerung führt.
Der Schweißdruck von 0,2 N/mm2 wird bis zum Abkühlen der Fügezone auf Umgebungstemperatur aufrechterhalten. Nach der Abkühlung ist die Stumpfschweißung vollzogen und eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den PE-X-Rohren hergestellt. Die erreichten Schweißfaktoren betragen 1 , die Bedingungen des Zeitstand-Innendruckversuches nach DIN 8075 werden erfüllt.
Nach Fig. 3 besitzt das plattenförmige Heizelement 6 an seinen Stirnflächen eine ra- dialgezahnte Profilierung 9 , wobei die Zähne im Querschnitt ein gleichseitiges Dreieck mit einem Flankenwinkel von 60° darstellen und die Zahnhöhe im Rohrdurchmesserbereich von 110 mm 4 mm beträgt. Bezugszeichenliste
1 PE-X-Rohr
2 PE-X-Rohr
3 Ausschnitt
4 Rohrstirnfläche
5 Rohrstirnfläche
6 Heizelement
7 Bindefläche
8 Werkstoffvermischungen
9 Profilrippe

Claims

Patentansprüche
1. Verfahren zum Heizelementstumpfschweißen vernetzter Poiyethyienrohre (PE-X-Rohre), dadurch gekennzeichnet,
o daß die Rohrstirnflächen (4; 5) durch die radial verzahnten Arbeitsflächen eines Heizelementes (6), dessen Temperatur >420°C aber <450°C beträgt, so räumlich aufgeschmolzen werden, daß vergrößerte und gezahnteRohrstirnflächen (4; 5) entstehen, deren integrale Schmelzeschicht, die von der Dampf- oder Gasphase bis zur thermo- elastischen Phase alle möglichen Schmelzezustandsphasen enthält, beim anschlie- 5 ßenden Fügevorgang unter einem Schweißdruck von 0,10 bis 0,40 N/mm2 so miteinander in Verbindung kommt, daß die Zahnspitzen der einen Rohrstirnfläche (4) auf die Zahngründe der anderen Rohrstirnfläche (5) treffen, daß eine verbindungsfähige Schmelzephase dieser Schicht durch turbulente Bewegungen ( 8 ) an den sich berührenden Zahnflanken einen Mischeffekt der Schmelze hervorruft und eine räumlich verteilte Schweißnaht mit vergrößerter Bindefläche (7) erzeugt und daß der Schweißdruck bis zum Abkühlen der Fügezone auf Umgebungstemperatur aufrecht erhalten wird.
2. Verfahren zum Heizelementstumpfschweißen vernetzter Poiyethyienrohre nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Zahnprofile (9) des Heizelementes (6) vom Umfang zum Mittelpunkt der je weiligen Heizelementstirnfläche konvergierend verlaufen und daß der Querschnitt der Zahnprofile einem gleichseitigem Dreieck mit einem Flankenwinkel von 60° entspricht.
PCT/DE1999/003940 1998-12-09 1999-12-04 Verfahren zum stumpfschweissen vernetzter polyethylenrohre (pe-x-rohre) WO2000034028A2 (de)

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DE59904006T DE59904006D1 (de) 1998-12-09 1999-12-04 Verfahren zum stumpfschweissen vernetzter polyethylenrohre (pe-x-rohre)
US09/857,897 US6524425B1 (en) 1998-12-09 1999-12-04 Method for butt welding cross-linked polyethylene pipes (PE-X pipes)
AT99966850T ATE230668T1 (de) 1998-12-09 1999-12-04 Verfahren zum stumpfschweissen vernetzter polyethylenrohre (pe-x-rohre)
EP99966850A EP1144179B1 (de) 1998-12-09 1999-12-04 Verfahren zum stumpfschweissen vernetzter polyethylenrohre (pe-x-rohre)

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DE19856718A DE19856718B4 (de) 1998-12-09 1998-12-09 Verfahren zum Stumpfschweißen vernetzter Polyethylenrohre (PE-X-Rohre)
DE19856718.9 1998-12-09

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FR2818188A1 (fr) * 2000-12-14 2002-06-21 Solvay Procede de soudage de tubes en pe reticule
FR2818577A1 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-28 Solvay Objets tridimensionnels a assembler par soudage thermique comprenant au moins une couche en polymere reticulable et procede de soudage
NL1020044C2 (nl) * 2002-02-22 2003-08-25 Gastec Nv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het stuiklassen van polyetheen buizen en/of hulpstukken.

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ES2388410B1 (es) * 2012-02-01 2013-05-28 Plastic Repair System 2011, S.L. Procedimiento de reparación de productos de plástico
US8741091B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2014-06-03 Richard Hardy Method for thermoplastic welding and welded composite structures
CN113048312B (zh) * 2021-03-09 2022-09-16 北京市公用工程设计监理有限公司 小口径pe天然气管道超声波焊接施工方法
CN113102907B (zh) * 2021-04-19 2022-03-18 北京热力装备制造有限公司 电热熔机的加热控制方法和装置

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FR2818188A1 (fr) * 2000-12-14 2002-06-21 Solvay Procede de soudage de tubes en pe reticule
FR2818577A1 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-28 Solvay Objets tridimensionnels a assembler par soudage thermique comprenant au moins une couche en polymere reticulable et procede de soudage
NL1020044C2 (nl) * 2002-02-22 2003-08-25 Gastec Nv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het stuiklassen van polyetheen buizen en/of hulpstukken.
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DE59904006D1 (de) 2003-02-13
US6524425B1 (en) 2003-02-25
DE19856718A1 (de) 2000-06-21
WO2000034028A3 (de) 2000-09-21
RU2209137C2 (ru) 2003-07-27
EP1144179A3 (de) 2002-03-27
ES2191491T3 (es) 2003-09-01
EP1144179B1 (de) 2003-01-08
EP1144179A2 (de) 2001-10-17
DE19856718B4 (de) 2004-04-01

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