WO2000033620A1 - Convertisseur autoexcite a haute frequence pour lampes a decharge - Google Patents

Convertisseur autoexcite a haute frequence pour lampes a decharge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000033620A1
WO2000033620A1 PCT/IL1999/000636 IL9900636W WO0033620A1 WO 2000033620 A1 WO2000033620 A1 WO 2000033620A1 IL 9900636 W IL9900636 W IL 9900636W WO 0033620 A1 WO0033620 A1 WO 0033620A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inverter
capacitor
diode
inductor
frequency converter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL1999/000636
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vadim Chudnovsky
Tamaz Khotoveli
Boris Strelets
Original Assignee
Nlgi Electronics Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nlgi Electronics Ltd. filed Critical Nlgi Electronics Ltd.
Priority to AU14063/00A priority Critical patent/AU1406300A/en
Publication of WO2000033620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000033620A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • the proposed invention relates to self-exciting high frequency converters which are known as electronic ballast and are used with various gas discharge lamps e.g. fluorescent lamps, krypton lamps, high intensity discharge lamps, metal halide lamps, sodium lamps, etc.
  • gas discharge lamps e.g. fluorescent lamps, krypton lamps, high intensity discharge lamps, metal halide lamps, sodium lamps, etc.
  • Typical gas discharge lamp requires high voltage to ionize the gas. After the gas is discharged the lamp constitutes negative impedance and the lamp voltage maintains nearly constant.
  • PCT/IB97/00496 '-Simple effective electronic ballast " Shortcomings of these converters are high value of THD (more than 20-25%) or the value of CF ( more than 1.7. which exceeds the value required by the international standard) or low value of PF (less than 0.9). These shortcomings are reason for reduced efficiency of operation of such converters and associated therewith reduced lamp service life.
  • the serially manufactured inverters based on the self-exciting mode of operation have only two acceptable parameters of the above mentioned three, e.g.: PF and CF. or CF and THD etc.
  • the last parameter is close to the ideal value which is 1.41.
  • the self-exciting frequency converter for gas discharge lamp as described in the international application PCT/IB97/00496 comprises a rectifier: a half-bridge inverter with two switching transistors, connected in series one to one between the positive and negative terminals of the inverter input terminals; two diodes connected inversely parallel with each of the transistors: two capacitors connected in series with two reverse diodes: one of said capacitors and the anode of one of the reverse diodes are connected to the negative input terminal of the inverter and the second capacitor is connected to the positive input terminal of the inverter via discharging diode, so that the anode of this diode is connected to one capacitor and the anode of the second reverse diode is connected to a common point between two said capacitors, while the cathode of said second reverse diode is connected to the positive terminal of said inverter; a smoothing capacitor, which is connected to the input terminals of the inverter and is capable to smooth the AC component of the inverter input voltage;
  • Another disadvantage of the above self-exciting high frequency converter is associated with its operation when the input line AC voltage is 120V and lower.
  • the operating AC voltage across the conventional gas discharge lamp must be about 100V and more, however since the inverter input DC voltage in that case is no more than 120V (av) the voltage is not for reliable operation of the gas discharge lamp.
  • This disadvantage can be at least partially eliminated by increasing the DC voltage supplied to the inverter input.
  • active power factor correctors with chopper configuration and PWM controllers. for example as described in US patent 5563473 '" Electronic ballast for operating lamps in parallel " .
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved self- exciting frequency converter for gas discharge lamp which is defined by the value of lamp current crest factor not more than 1.7 as required by an international standard for prolonged service life of the lamp.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved self-exciting high frequency converter for gas discharge lamp which is defined by high quality of consuming energy with power factor up to 0.99 and with total harmonic distortion not more than 12%.
  • Still another object is to provide self-exciting high frequency converter for gas discharge lamp that reliably operates at industrial main supply voltage 100-120 V.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide inexpensive and reliable frequency converter for gas discharge lamp .
  • a self-exciting frequency converter comprising a rectifier; a half-bridge inverter with a positive and a negative input DC terminals and two output AC terminals ; two switching elements, for example, transistors, connected in series one to one between said positive and negative input DC terminals: two diodes connected inversely parallel with each of said transistors: two capacitors connected in series with two reverse diodes, one of said capacitors and an anode of one of said reverse diodes being connected to the negative input DC terminal and the second capacitor being connected to the positive input DC terminal via a discharging diode so that the anode of this diode is connected to one of said capacitors and the anode of the second reverse diode is connected to a common point between said capacitors and the cathode of the second reverse diode is connected to the positive input DC terminal.
  • the frequency converter also comprises a smoothing capacitor connected to the inverter DC input terminals ; a charging inductor connected to a rectifier output and to the anode of said discharging diode : an inverter control unit including devices required for start of the inverter, for self-exciting mode of operation of the inverter and for protection of the inverter, said control unit is provided with a current sensor: an inverter load network connected to one of inverter AC outputs and including a resonant circuit with a ballast inductor divided into two sections connected in series and a correcting inductor, wherein said sections are magnetically coupled therebetween, said ballast inductor also is connected in series with an igniting capacitor and said gas discharge lamp is provided with two leads.
  • the frequency converter also is provided with an additional high voltage and high frequency separating diode which is connected between the rectifier output and the charging inductor, wherein said additional diode is connected to one of the rectifier output terminals and to the charging inductor.
  • the correcting inductor is magnetically coupled with the charging inductor and is connected with the ballast inductor sections in such a manner that the direction of electromotive force induced in the correcting inductor is opposite to the direction of electromotive force induced in the ballast inductor sections.
  • FIG.1 is a circuit diagram of the frequency converter configuration in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figs.2a-1 are convenor ' s variables diagrams with respect to time referring to the prior art converters and the present invention.
  • the self-exciting high frequency converter according to the present invention is shown in fig. l and comprises a full-wave one-phase rectifier 1 with two input AC low frequency terminals 2.3 and two output DC voltage terminals 4.5.
  • a half-bridge inverter 33 receives DC voltage U 2 from the rectifier and converts this voltage into a high frequency AC voltage to be fed to a gas discharge lamp 29.
  • the inverter includes a positive 6 and a negative 7 input DC terminals, two output AC terminals 8.9. two switching elements, for example, transistors 10.1 1 . connected in series one to one between positive 6 and negative 7 input terminals of the inverter.
  • the inverter also includes two diodes 12.13 connected inversely parallel with transistors 10.1 1 and two capacitors 14.15 connected in series with two reverse diodes 16.17. It can be seen that capacitor 15 and the anode lead of diode 17 are connected to the negative input te ⁇ ninal 7 of the inverter.
  • the capacitor 14 is connected to the positive input terminal 8 of the inverter via a discharging diode 1 .
  • the anode lead of the reverse diode 16 is connected to a common point CP situated between capacitors 14.15 and the output terminal 8 of the inverter.
  • the cathode lead of diode 16 is connected to the inverter positive terminal 6. Connected to the inverter input terminals 6,7 a smoothing capacitor 19 is provided.
  • the inverter includes also a charging inductor 20 which is situated between the rectifier output 5 and the inverter input 6. This inductor is connected to the output 5 via a high voltage and high frequency separating diode 21 and to the input 6 via discharging diode 1 8. There is provided also a control unit 22 equipped with a current sensor 23. The control unit enables start of the inverter as well self-exciting mode of operation and protection thereof.
  • a load network 24 which includes a resonant circuit consisting of connected in series ballast inductor sections 25.26. a correcting inductor 27 and a capacitor 28.
  • the ballast inductor sections are magnetically coupled in such a manner that the direction of magnetic forces induced therein coincides.
  • the correcting inductor is connected with the ballast sections in such a manner that the electromotive force induced therein is opposite to that of the ballast section.
  • the coupling of the correction section w ill be referred-to in the further description as magneticalK opposite.
  • the gas discharge lamp 29 is connected b ⁇ its first lead 30 to an igniting capacitor 28 and to the inverter output terminal 8.
  • the second lead 31 of the lamp is connected to a common point 32 situated between the ballast inductor sections 25.26.
  • the self-exciting high frequency converter for gas discharge lamp according to the present invention operates as follows.
  • a sinusoidal alternating voltage Ui with industrial frequency 50 or 60 Hz is supplied to the rectifier input terminals 2.3.
  • This voltage is schematically shown in fig.2a.
  • the input current is not sinusoidal and there always exists certain phase shift between the current and voltage as shown in fig.2 j.
  • the current crest factor or so called peak factor is the ratio of the peak ⁇ alue of an actual sinusoidal current to us root-mean-square (rms) value. In an ideal case this value for a sinusoidal current is equal to square root of 2.
  • the high frequencv current flow ing through the gas discharge lamp 29 should be sinusoidal w ith a cur ⁇ e tor having low rrequencv envelope as seen in fig.3k
  • the current crest factor depends on the form of the high frequenc) current cur ⁇ e and on the form of the low frequence env elope cur ⁇ e
  • fig.2i is shown a sinusoidal high frequency current curve form w ith pulsating env elope In that case CY is equal to 2
  • the rectifier output v oltage L ' 2 should ha e torm as shown in FIG.2.b.
  • the inv erter input voltage U 4 should have form as shown in fig.2d
  • the v oltage U 2 is conv erted to the voltage U 4 b virtue of charging inductor 20 and separating diode 21 connected to one of the DC output terminals
  • Capacitors 14 and 15 are charged v ia separating diode 21 and charging inductor 20 and discharged v la discharging diode 18 and s itching power transistors 10.1 1.
  • the inverter load circuit 24 contains a main ballast inductor section 25 which forms a load resonant circuit with the igniting capacitor 28 . This resonant circuit creates high frequency and high voltage across the gas discharge lamp as required for igniting the lamp.
  • the auxiliary ballast inductor section 26 is magnetically coupled with the main ballast inductor section 25.
  • the auxiliary correcting inductor section 27 is connected in series with the main ballast inductor section and is magnetically coupled with the charging inductor 20 in such a manner that the electromotive force induced in the correcting section is directed opposite to the electromotive force induced in the ballast inductor section.
  • the configuration of the load circuit provides transfer of a high frequency load energy between the inverter output and the rectifier by virtue of proper magnetic coupling of the correction inductor section and the charging inductor.
  • the shape of the lamp voltage curve changes in that case from the shape shown in f ⁇ g.2i to that one shown in fig.2k and the lamp current crest factor approaches nearly ideal value 1.41.
  • the auxiliary ballast inductor section 26 enables improvement of the PF and THD factors associated with the converter input current I
  • the current I flowing through the ballast inductor section 26 after the lamp has been ignited decreases the impedance of the ballast inductor section 25 and thus diminishes its negative influence on the above mentioned PF and THD factors.
  • the inverter ' s input voltage becomes depending on the oscillating charging process within the oscillating circuit L 20 C 1 4 C 1 and does not depend on the rectifier input voltage U
  • inverter input voltage U 4 As required for reliable operation of the lamp despite the low level of the rectifier input voltage U
  • the advantage of the frequency converter according to the invention is particularly obvious since only low expenditure is required to provide high quality electronic ballast for a gas discharge lamp.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un convertisseur autoexcité à haute fréquence pour diverses lampes à décharge comportant un redresseur pleine onde un inverseur demi pont un condensateur de lissage, un inducteur de charge, une unité de commande, et un réseau de charge. L'inverseur comprend des bornes d'entrée, deux commutateurs, deux diodes, deux condensateurs, deux diodes inversées et une diode de décharge. Les condensateurs sont montés en série, le premier étant relié à la première diode inversée, et le deuxième, à la deuxième diode inversée. Le premier condensateur et le conducteur d'anode de la première diode inversée sont reliés à la borne négative c.c. d'entrée de l'inverseur. Le deuxième condensateur est relié à la borne positive c.c. d'entrée de l'inverseur via ladite diode de décharge. Le conducteur d'anode de la première diode inversée est relié au premier condensateur, et le conducteur d'anode de la deuxième diode inversée, l'est à un point commun situé entre le premier condensateur et le deuxième. L'une des bornes de sortie c.a. de l'inverseur et le conducteur de cathode de la deuxième diode inversée sont reliés à la borne d'entrée positive c.c. de l'inverseur.
PCT/IL1999/000636 1998-11-30 1999-11-25 Convertisseur autoexcite a haute frequence pour lampes a decharge WO2000033620A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU14063/00A AU1406300A (en) 1998-11-30 1999-11-25 Self-exciting high frequency converter for gas discharge lamp

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL127335 1998-11-30
IL12733598A IL127335A0 (en) 1998-11-30 1998-11-30 Self exciting high freqency converter for gas discharge lamp

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000033620A1 true WO2000033620A1 (fr) 2000-06-08

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ID=11072202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL1999/000636 WO2000033620A1 (fr) 1998-11-30 1999-11-25 Convertisseur autoexcite a haute frequence pour lampes a decharge

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AU (1) AU1406300A (fr)
IL (1) IL127335A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000033620A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1345311A2 (fr) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-17 VLM S.p.A. Réactance à facteur de puissance élevé pour lampe à décharge
CN103124067B (zh) * 2004-01-16 2017-04-26 Mks仪器有限公司 具有感性箝位电路的e类放大器

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415838A (en) * 1980-07-21 1983-11-15 U.S. Philips Corporation Frequency converter for supplying an electrodeless discharge lamp
EP0171108A1 (fr) * 1984-07-26 1986-02-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Onduleur pour alimenter un tube à décharge à vapeur métallique
EP0413991A1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-02-27 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Appareil d'alimentation d'une lampe à décharge commandant la lampe en fonction de son type

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415838A (en) * 1980-07-21 1983-11-15 U.S. Philips Corporation Frequency converter for supplying an electrodeless discharge lamp
EP0171108A1 (fr) * 1984-07-26 1986-02-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Onduleur pour alimenter un tube à décharge à vapeur métallique
EP0413991A1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-02-27 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Appareil d'alimentation d'une lampe à décharge commandant la lampe en fonction de son type

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1345311A2 (fr) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-17 VLM S.p.A. Réactance à facteur de puissance élevé pour lampe à décharge
EP1345311A3 (fr) * 2002-03-15 2005-04-13 VLM S.p.A. Réactance à facteur de puissance élevé pour lampe à décharge
CN103124067B (zh) * 2004-01-16 2017-04-26 Mks仪器有限公司 具有感性箝位电路的e类放大器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL127335A0 (en) 1999-09-22
AU1406300A (en) 2000-06-19

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