WO2000031470A1 - Procede et dispositif d'incineration de dechets - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'incineration de dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000031470A1
WO2000031470A1 PCT/JP1999/006481 JP9906481W WO0031470A1 WO 2000031470 A1 WO2000031470 A1 WO 2000031470A1 JP 9906481 W JP9906481 W JP 9906481W WO 0031470 A1 WO0031470 A1 WO 0031470A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
incinerator
sludge
furnace
combustion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/006481
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akira Nakamura
Takashi Noto
Hajime Akiyama
Seiji Kinoshita
Yoshinari Fujisawa
Seiichi Noguchi
Original Assignee
Nkk Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP10332351A external-priority patent/JP2000161636A/ja
Priority claimed from JP10332349A external-priority patent/JP2000161634A/ja
Priority claimed from JP10332350A external-priority patent/JP2000161635A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9651599A external-priority patent/JP2000291923A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11096514A external-priority patent/JP2000291935A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9773199A external-priority patent/JP2000291922A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9772899A external-priority patent/JP2000291930A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11097729A external-priority patent/JP2000291931A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11097730A external-priority patent/JP2000291932A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11153688A external-priority patent/JP2000346329A/ja
Priority claimed from JP16986599A external-priority patent/JP2000356339A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11169862A external-priority patent/JP2000356329A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11169863A external-priority patent/JP2000356328A/ja
Priority to KR1020007007418A priority Critical patent/KR20010033858A/ko
Priority to GB0015728A priority patent/GB2348270B/en
Application filed by Nkk Corporation filed Critical Nkk Corporation
Publication of WO2000031470A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000031470A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F23G5/05—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying using drying grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F23G2201/701—Blending with additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F23G2201/702—Blending with other waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/101—Combustion in two or more stages with controlled oxidant supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/103—Arrangement of sensing devices for oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/106—Arrangement of sensing devices for SOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50007—Co-combustion of two or more kinds of waste, separately fed into the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/102—Intercepting solids by filters electrostatic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/80—Quenching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waste incineration method and an apparatus therefor.
  • Waste such as municipal solid waste and industrial waste (hereinafter simply referred to as both or either of them) is mostly disposed of by landfill after being incinerated.
  • grate incinerators are installed in waste incinerators, but fluidized bed incinerators are sometimes installed.
  • Incineration of waste in an incinerator equipped with a grate incinerator is performed as follows. First, the waste is charged into the incinerator, and the temperature rises and ignites while being dried by the combustion air blown from under the grate and the radiant heat in the furnace. Next, the waste is burned and incinerated, and is incinerated and discharged out of the furnace.
  • a combustible gas such as H 2 , CO, and CH 4
  • air is blown in the secondary combustion chamber to perform a process of burning the combustible gas.
  • the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber is recovered by heat in a boiler or cooled by a gas cooling device such as a gas cooler and sent to an exhaust gas treatment process. After the harmful gas removal treatment and dust removal treatment, they are released from the chimney.
  • waste incineration in an incinerator equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator is performed as follows.
  • the waste is introduced into the fluidized bed incinerator 1 by the general waste injecting machine 2, and is heated in a fluidized bed 9 on the fluidized bed 4 while being heated while being dried, and burned.
  • the combustion exhaust gas generated in the fluidized bed contains combustible gases such as H 2, CO, C H ⁇ , blowing air into the free board portion of the incinerator, a combustible gas A process of burning the heat is performed.
  • the combustion exhaust gas is cooled by a gas cooling facility, and then sent to an exhaust gas treatment facility 5 where harmful gas removal processing and dust removal processing are performed, and thereafter, the exhaust gas is released to the atmosphere from a chimney 6.
  • the fluidized bed incinerator disclosed in JP-A-9-1303743 is one example.
  • RDF may be incinerated in such a fluidized bed incinerator.
  • RDF Refuse Derived Fuel
  • the lower calorific value is 3000-6000 kca1 / kg, and the water content is about 1-20% by weight.
  • combustion exhaust gas generated from equipment for incineration of wastes may contain toxic dioxins such as chlorodibenzodioxane and chlorodibenzofuran, or other organic chlorine compounds.
  • toxic dioxins such as chlorodibenzodioxane and chlorodibenzofuran, or other organic chlorine compounds.
  • the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and by introducing a relatively simple combustion method without generating the above-mentioned problems, the combustion state in the furnace can be maintained constant.
  • One of the objectives is to provide a combustion method in a waste incinerator that suppresses the emission of harmful and unburned gases.
  • the present invention has been made in order to further solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a disposal method capable of reducing the amount of dioxins produced by simply installing an extremely simple apparatus and adding an inexpensive substance.
  • One of the objectives is to provide a method and equipment for incineration of materials.
  • the present invention firstly provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • Preparing sludge having a water content of 65-90% by weight, a dry sulfur content of 0.1-2.0% by weight, and a nitrogen content of 1-10% by weight;
  • a step of co-firing the sludge and one selected from the solid fuel or municipal waste or other general waste a step of co-firing the sludge and one selected from the solid fuel or municipal waste or other general waste a
  • the present invention secondly comprises the following waste Provide a method for incineration of goods.
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising: A process of co-firing waste and sludge in a waste incinerator; measuring a flue gas SOX concentration in the waste incinerator; supplying the sludge based on the measured SO x concentration; The process of controlling at least one of the supply of goods.
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the SOx concentration of the combustion exhaust gas is measured, and at least one of the supply amount of the sulfur component-containing material and the supply amount of the refuse solid fuel is measured based on the measured value of the SOX concentration. Controlling the process.
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the present invention ninthly provides a waste incineration method comprising: provide.
  • the present invention provides, in a tenth aspect, a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the present invention provides, firstly, a waste incineration method comprising:
  • a step of blowing the nitrogen compound into a pre-secondary combustion zone of a freeboard portion located above the fluidized bed provides, firstly, a waste incineration method comprising: Adding a nitrogen compound to the waste;
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration method comprising:
  • the present invention provides, in a fifteenth aspect, a waste incineration apparatus comprising:
  • a waste supply device and a sludge supply device for co-firing waste and sludge in the waste are provided.
  • a SOx concentration meter for measuring the SOx concentration in the furnace or at the outlet of the furnace; a control device for controlling at least one of the supply amounts of the sludge and the waste based on the SOx concentration.
  • the present invention provides, in a fifteenth aspect, a waste incinerator comprising:
  • An SO x concentration meter for measuring the concentration of S ⁇ x in the furnace or at the outlet of the incinerator; based on the SO x concentration, A control device that controls at least one.
  • the present invention provides, in a sixteenth aspect, a waste incinerator comprising:
  • Furnace, SO x concentration meter for measuring the SO x concentration in the reactor outlet or chimney; sulfur compound-containing and a control device for controlling at least one of the supply amount of the waste solid fuel.
  • a waste incinerator comprising:
  • a sulfur component-containing powder supply device provided in a supply line of the sludge and the waste to an incinerator.
  • the present invention 18thly provides a waste incineration apparatus comprising:
  • the present invention nineteenthly provides a waste incinerator comprising:
  • the present invention provides a waste incinerator comprising:
  • Apparatus for adding nitrogen compounds to waste charged into incinerators Apparatus for injecting nitrogen compounds into the flue gas flow path.
  • the present invention provides, secondly, a waste incinerator comprising:
  • a grate installed in the incinerator
  • the present invention secondly provides a waste incineration apparatus comprising:
  • the present invention provides a waste incineration apparatus comprising:
  • a nitrogen compound adding device for adding to the waste to be charged into the incinerator.
  • a heat recovery boiler located behind the incinerator with respect to the gas flow direction; a device for injecting a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas at the outlet of the boiler.
  • An incinerator located within the waste
  • a nitrogen compound adding device for adding to the waste to be charged into the incinerator; a gas cooler located behind the incinerator with respect to a gas flow direction; A device for injecting a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas at the outlet of the gas cooler.
  • Waste incineration equipment consisting of an incinerator, temperature reduction equipment, exhaust gas treatment equipment, electric precipitator, induction fan, and chimney connected in series via a flue;
  • a waste supply hopper provided in the incinerator; a sludge supply hopper provided in the incinerator; an exhaust gas temperature control device at an inlet of the electric precipitator, which connects between the temperature reducing equipment and the electric precipitator; A temperature sensor for detecting the exhaust gas temperature for detecting the temperature at the entrance of the electric precipitator.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a fluidized bed incinerator used in an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a conventional fluidized bed incinerator.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a grate incinerator used in an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a fluidized bed incinerator used in an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of SO x at the furnace outlet, the concentration of dioxins, and the concentration of toxic substances (H 2 S + S ⁇ 3 ). is there.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an example of the fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the waste incinerator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an example of the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of another example of the waste incinerator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an example of the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to the embodiment in one aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example according to the embodiment in one aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example according to the embodiment in one aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing a first example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 shows a fourth example according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing a third example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example according to an embodiment in another aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an example of a process for treating flue gas in a waste incineration facility provided with a boiler.
  • FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an example of a process for treating combustion exhaust gas in a waste incineration facility provided with a gas cooler.
  • FIG. 33 is a system configuration diagram of the waste incineration apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 34 is a graph showing the relationship between the operating temperature of the electrostatic precipitator and the rate of increase in dioxin.
  • FIG. 35 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional waste incinerator.
  • the present embodiment is a method for incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, wherein the water content is 65 to 90% by weight, the sulfur content in a dry state is 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and the nitrogen content is 1 to 1%.
  • This object has been achieved by an incineration method characterized by the following.
  • the co-firing rate sludge supply weight Z (sludge supply weight + RDF supply weight).
  • the method of this embodiment is characterized by adding sludge to RDF and burning it.
  • H 2 S, CS 2 , COS, so 2 , and so 3 these substances have a poisoning effect on copper and similar substances, which are catalysts for the production of dioxins, and can effectively suppress dioxins in the exhaust gas line after the furnace exit from the high temperature combustion field in the furnace.
  • the N content in the sludge generates ammonia in the combustion process, especially in the reducing atmosphere in the primary combustion zone, and reacts with the chlorine compound to cause the C1 dioxin formation reaction in the dioxin formation process. Suppress.
  • soot can be reduced by controlling the moisture concentration in the sludge to suppress the combustion reaction rate of combustibles. If the amount of soot generated can be suppressed, the concentration of aromatic organic compounds due to this will be reduced, and as a result, the concentration of dioxins, which are incomplete combustion products, will also be reduced.
  • the type of the waste incinerator to which this embodiment is applied is not limited, it is preferable that the incinerator be made to flow while burning the combusted material in order to enhance the mixing property between the RDF and the sludge and improve the combustibility of the sludge.
  • a fluidized bed incinerator is preferred.
  • RDF is a fuel formed by adding calcium compounds to industrial waste and municipal solid waste, as described above.
  • the RDF thus obtained has a low calorific value of about 3000 to 6000 kcalZkg and a water content of about 1 to 20% by weight.
  • Sludge is discharged from wastewater treatment equipment.Sewage sludge, human waste sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is treated with activated sludge, sludge generated when solid-liquid separation of wastewater containing organic matter, and rivers Any type of sludge may be used, such as sludge generated in closed water areas during dredging, and other sludge generated during sewage treatment.
  • the method of the present invention It is preferable that the dry content is about 1 to 10% by weight of nitrogen, about 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of sulfur, and about 65 to 90% by weight of sludge.
  • the co-firing rate of sludge and RDF is 10-70%. This is because the effect cannot be expected unless the S content is at least 10 ppm in the furnace and the N content is several 10 ppm in the furnace, so the co-firing rate must be at least 10% or more. is there. Conversely, if the co-firing rate exceeds 70%, the moisture concentration will increase, and it will be difficult to maintain the furnace outlet temperature at 80 (TC) even when the air ratio is reduced. .
  • Sludge and RDF may be co-fired in an incinerator, and may be mixed and charged into the incinerator in advance, or may be separately charged.
  • FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the incinerator used in the embodiment of this embodiment.
  • the incinerator 1 is of a fluidized bed type, in which a sand layer forming a fluidized bed 9 is prevented from moving downward by a dispersion plate. Below the distribution plate is a wind box that blows combustion air. This incinerator is equipped with an RDF input device 2 and a sludge input device 3 separately. At the time of incineration, sludge and RDF are injected into the furnace from their respective feeders, dried by the sand layer flowing by the air sent from the wind box below the dispersion plate, and heated to ignite. I do. Sludge and RDF are burned in the fluidized bed on the fluidized bed 4 and the freeboard section above it, and the combustion is completely completed by the furnace outlet.
  • flue gas is taken out of the furnace outlet and discharged through a stack through a flue gas treatment facility.
  • 4000 kca 1 Zkg produced from municipal solid waste, RDF with a moisture concentration of 8%, sludge with a moisture concentration of 80%, N content of 7%, and S content of 0.6% were mixed.
  • the average dioxins concentration was 2.1 ng ZNm 3 -teq, but when RDF was burned at 1 tZh, sludge at 0.5 t, h, and co-firing rate of 33.3%, the average The value was suppressed to 0.2 ng / Nm 3 -teq.
  • sludge having a sulfur content of 0.1 to 2.0%, a water concentration of 65 to 90%, and a nitrogen content of 1 to 10%, and a co-firing rate of RDF of 10 to 70%
  • the combustion method is characterized by co-firing at a ratio of D.
  • Stable combustion becomes possible by co-firing sludge with a high moisture content and low calorific value and RDF with a high calorific value.
  • the generation of combustion gas can be suppressed.
  • co-firing sludge having the above component concentrations, S, N, and water in the sludge can effectively suppress the generation of dioxins.
  • This embodiment is a method for incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, wherein the water content is 65 to 90% by weight, the sulfur content in a dry state is 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and the nitrogen content is 1 to 10%.
  • Weight of sludge and low-calorific value of 1 500 to 4000 kca 1 / kg and moisture of 30 to 70% by weight of general waste such as municipal waste at a rate of 10 to 40%.
  • This object has been achieved by a characteristic incineration method.
  • the co-firing rate sludge supply weight Z (sludge supply weight + supply weight of general waste such as municipal solid waste).
  • S content in the sludge is H 2 S in the combustion process, CS 2, COS, S ⁇ 2, present in the furnace as S_ ⁇ 3.
  • These substances have a poisoning effect on copper and similar substances, which are catalysts for dioxins generation, and can effectively suppress dioxins in the exhaust gas line from the high temperature combustion field in the furnace to the exhaust gas after the furnace exit.
  • N in the sludge generates ammonia in the combustion process, especially in the reducing atmosphere in the primary combustion zone, and this reacts with chlorine compounds to suppress the C1 dioxin formation reaction in the dioxin generation process. .
  • soot generation can be reduced. If the amount of soot generation can be suppressed, the concentration of aromatic organic compounds due to this will be reduced, and as a result, the concentration of dioxins, which are incomplete combustion products, will also be reduced.
  • the type of the waste incinerator to which this embodiment is applied is not limited, and a grate incinerator, a fluidized bed incinerator, or the like is used.
  • Municipal garbage is a mixture of food waste, food leftovers, plastic containers, paper, wood chips, etc., with a low calorific value of about 1,000-3000 kca 1 / kg and a water content of about 30-70% by weight. It is.
  • the co-firing rate of sludge and general waste such as municipal waste is 10-40%. This is inside the furnace This is because the effect cannot be expected unless the S content is at least 10 or more ppm and the N content is at several tens ppm, so the co-firing rate must be at least 10% or more. Conversely, if the co-firing rate exceeds 40%, the moisture concentration will increase, making it difficult to maintain the furnace outlet temperature at 800 ° C even when operating with a reduced air ratio.
  • General waste such as municipal solid waste may be co-fired in the incinerator, and may be mixed and put into the incinerator in advance, or may be separately charged.
  • FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the incinerator used in the embodiment of this embodiment.
  • This incinerator is of the grate type.
  • the grate on the hearth of the main combustion chamber that is, the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13 have an inclined structure that descends to three stages. I have.
  • the grate top of the main combustion chamber is provided trash chute 10 for introducing waste and 3 grate bottom ahead has become bottom ash chute 1 5, the the top of the main combustion chamber a combustion gas
  • a secondary combustion chamber 14 for secondary combustion is provided. Sludge and waste are put into the furnace from the garbage chute 10 and sent to the drying stove, where they are dried by air from below and the radiant heat in the furnace, and heated to ignite.
  • the waste and sludge that have ignited and started burning are sent to the combustion chamber, where they are burned by the combustion air sent from below, and the unburned components are completely burned in the post-combustion stage.
  • the ash remaining after incineration is taken out by the main ash shot 15.
  • Combustion takes place in the main combustion chamber, and the flue gas (furnace gas) is mixed in the secondary combustion chamber 14, where the secondary combustion takes place and the unburned components are completely combusted and sent to the exhaust gas treatment equipment. Sent.
  • sludge having a sulfur content of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, a water content of 65 to 90% by weight, a nitrogen content of 1 to 10% by weight,
  • This is a combustion method characterized by co-firing general waste at a co-firing rate of 10 to 40%.
  • the combustion state in the furnace is stabilized, and the generation of harmful and unburned gases can be suppressed. it can.
  • the S and N moisture in the sludge can effectively suppress the generation of dioxins.
  • Sludge with a high water content has a low calorific value, so it is difficult to lower the furnace temperature and keep the combustion state constant. As a result, the temperature of the combustion chamber and the concentration distribution of the combustion gas become non-uniform over time and space, making it difficult to control and unburnt gas and harmful gas. have.
  • grate-type incinerators which are widely used as waste incinerators, sludge infiltrates under the grate, preventing complete combustion and preventing the passage of air pushed under the grate. In general, sludge is not incinerated due to blockage.
  • waste plastics When waste plastics are incinerated in a fluidized bed incinerator, there is a problem in that chlorine contained in the waste plastics reacts with aromatic compounds to easily generate dioxins such as dioxins and furans. Also waste plastic Since the heat generated in the furnace is low, the temperature inside the furnace becomes high and the combustion reaction proceeds rapidly. As a result, soot and unburned matter are generated, and the concentration of aromatic organic compounds contributing to the process of forming dioxins increases. As a result, the concentration of dioxins increases.
  • This embodiment has been made in order to solve such a problem, and by introducing a relatively simple combustion method without generating the above-mentioned problems, the combustion state in the furnace is maintained at a constant level.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for combusting waste plastics with reduced emission of harmful and unburned gases.
  • This embodiment has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and a waste plastic having a lower calorific value of combustibles of 450 kca 1 / kg or more, and a furnace outlet temperature of an incinerator of 900 to 12
  • This object has been achieved by a waste plastic incineration method characterized by co-firing with sludge at 00 ° C and a furnace outlet oxygen concentration of 3 to 12%.
  • co-firing waste plastic with sludge can suppress the generation of dioxins rather than burning it alone.
  • H 2 S in the S content is the combustion process in the sludge, CS 2, COS, so 2 , present in the furnace as S_ ⁇ 3.
  • These substances have a poisoning effect on copper and the like, which are catalysts for the production of dioxins, and can effectively suppress dioxins in the exhaust gas line from the high temperature combustion field in the furnace to the exhaust gas after the furnace outlet.
  • N in sludge generates ammonia in the combustion process, especially in the reducing atmosphere in the primary combustion zone, By reacting with the compound, it suppresses the C1 dioxin formation reaction in the process of dioxin formation.
  • soot generation can be reduced. If the amount of soot generation can be suppressed, the concentration of aromatic organic compounds due to this will be reduced, and as a result, the concentration of dioxins, which are incomplete combustion products, will also be reduced.
  • the reaction rate of waste plastic in the fluidized bed is reduced.
  • the gasification of solid waste plastic proceeds slowly, and the combustible gas generated from waste plastic is reduced.
  • the balance of mixing and agitation with the air is maintained.
  • the amount of unburned soot can be suppressed, and in a broad sense, the generation of incompletely combustible dioxins can be suppressed.
  • the combustibles in the gasified waste plastic and sludge are combusted by the high-temperature free board to further suppress harmful gases, and become 900 to 1200 : C at the furnace outlet.
  • air is supplied to the furnace while maintaining the oxygen concentration at the furnace outlet at 3 to 12%, complete combustion can be achieved before reaching the furnace outlet.
  • the type of the waste incinerator to which this embodiment is applied is not limited, and a grate type or the like can be used.However, in order to improve the mixing property between the waste plastic and the sludge and to improve the combustibility of the sludge, the combustible material is used. It is preferable that the fuel be burned while being fluidized. Particularly, a fluidized bed incinerator is preferable.
  • the waste plastic has a low calorific value of combustibles of 4500 kca 1 / kg or more, preferably about 4500 to 12000 kca 1 / kg, more preferably about 4500 to 800 000 kca 1 Zkg.
  • a chlorine content of not more than 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight is suitable.
  • Sludge and waste plastic may be mixed and burned in an incinerator, and may be mixed and put into an incinerator in advance, or may be separately charged.
  • Combustion conditions include furnace exit temperature of about 900 to 1200 ° C, furnace exit oxygen concentration of about 3 to 10%, and temperature of sand layer when fluidized bed furnace is used as incinerator. It is better to be about 380 to 450. Normally, when incinerating municipal solid waste and waste plastics alone, it is difficult to maintain the sand layer temperature at 450 ° C or lower.However, the fixed carbon content in the sludge contributes to co-firing with the sludge, it is possible to maintain the temperature to 3 8 0 ⁇ 4 5 0 D C . Waste plastic and sludge are relatively slowly gasified and burned in the fluidized bed.
  • the fluidization ratio of the fluidized bed is 2 to 8
  • the air ratio in the fluidized bed portion is 0.1 to 1.0
  • the temperature of the fluidized air fed into the fluidized bed is 20 to 500C.
  • the combustion is completely completed in the freeboard maintained at a high temperature, and reaches 900 to 1200 ° C at the furnace outlet.
  • the exhaust gas is taken out from the furnace outlet where the oxygen concentration is kept at 3 to 12%, and is discharged outside from the chimney through the exhaust gas treatment device.
  • FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the incinerator used in the example of this embodiment.
  • This incinerator is of the fluidized bed type, in which the sand layer forming the fluidized bed is prevented from moving downward by the dispersion plate. Below the distribution plate is a wind box that blows air for combustion.
  • This incinerator is equipped with a waste plastic input device 20 and a sludge input device 3 separately.
  • sludge and waste plastic are put into the furnace from their respective feeders, dried in the sand layer flowing by the air sent from the wind box below the dispersion plate, and heated to ignite. I do.
  • Sludge and RDF are burnt in the fluidized bed 4 and the freeboard above it, and the combustion is completely completed by the furnace outlet. After the incineration, the exhaust gas is taken out of the furnace outlet and discharged through a flue gas treatment facility through a chimney.
  • a sand layer thermometer 21, a furnace outlet thermometer 22, and a furnace outlet oxygen concentration detector 23 are provided respectively, and it is only necessary to control these values so that they fall within a predetermined range. If it is performed, it is only necessary to incorporate it into the operation parameters.
  • a concentration meter may be provided near the chimney instead of the oxygen concentration meter at the furnace outlet, and the oxygen concentration at the furnace outlet may be estimated from the value.
  • the above incinerator is mainly composed of polyethylene and has a low calorific value of 8500 kca / g, chlorine content of 1% by weight waste plastic and moisture of 88% by weight, N content of 6.0% by weight, S content of 1.0% by weight
  • the sewage sludge was supplied at 500 kgZh each and mixed and fired.
  • the sand layer temperature was 380-450 ° C, fluidized air temperature 20-280 ° C, furnace outlet temperature 900-1200 ° C, furnace outlet oxygen concentration 3 ⁇ It was maintained at 12%. As a result, the concentration of dioxins was reduced by about half on average compared to the case where only waste plastic was burned.
  • It is mainly made of polyethylene and has a low calorific value of 6000 kcal Zkg, waste plastic with a chlorine content of 4 wt%, moisture of 86 wt%, N content of 4 wt% and S content of 0.8 wt% of human waste sludge of 500 kgZh each.
  • the mixture was supplied and mixed.
  • the temperature of the sand layer was maintained at 380 to 450 C, the fluidized air temperature was 40 to 280 ° C, the furnace outlet temperature was 900 to 1200 C, and the furnace outlet oxygen concentration was 3 to 12%.
  • the concentration of dioxins was suppressed to about 30% on average compared with the case where only waste plastic was burned.
  • sand layer temperature 440 ° C, fluidized air temperature 200 3 C, free board 950 ° C when incinerated at a furnace outlet temperature of 920 ° C and a furnace outlet oxygen concentration of 8 ⁇ 2%, the concentration of dioxins at the furnace outlet could be suppressed to 0.06 ng gZNm 3 — teq.
  • the present invention is characterized in that waste plastic having a lower calorific value of combustibles of 4500 kca 1 / kg or more is co-fired with sludge while maintaining the furnace outlet temperature and the furnace outlet oxygen concentration in specific ranges. Incineration method.
  • Stable combustion is achieved by mixing sludge with high moisture content and low calorific value with plastic with low calorific value. This will reduce emissions of harmful gases and unburned components. Furthermore, by lowering the sand layer temperature to 380 to 450 ° C, the reaction speed of the primary combustion is reduced, and the mixing and stirring with the air and the reaction are sufficiently balanced, so that the amount of soot generated can be suppressed. And reduces the generation of dioxins W
  • the inventors have conducted intensive studies on efficient control of dioxins in the treatment of waste mixed with waste and sludge in an incinerator, and as a result, obtained the following knowledge.
  • the in-furnace or furnace exit is used as an indicator for judging the combustion state in the furnace.
  • sO x-concentration maintained within a predetermined range, it is possible to suppress the formation of by Ri efficiently dioxins thereto.
  • the effect of suppressing dioxins is further improved by setting the contents of sulfur, nitrogen, and water in the sludge within a predetermined range.
  • This embodiment has been made based on such knowledge, and is characterized by having the following configuration.
  • the present embodiment is Oite the processing method of waste mixed combustion of waste and sludge in an incinerator, the SO x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet was measured, the sludge and Z or on the basis of the measured value
  • a waste disposal method characterized by controlling the amount of waste supplied.
  • the incinerator is a fluid bed reactor, and the supply amount of the SO x concentration 1 0 0-2, the sludge and Z or waste so that OOO ppm It is preferable to control.
  • the sludge contains 0.1 to 2.0% of sulfur content, 1 to 10% of nitrogen content and 65 to 90% by weight of dry weight. Is preferred Les ,.
  • the processing apparatus odor of waste mixed combustion of sludge and waste in incinerators Te, and so x concentration meter for measuring the so x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet, on the basis of the measurement value
  • a control device for controlling a supply amount of sludge, Z, or waste is provided.
  • the incinerator is a fluidized bed furnace, and such that said SO x concentration becomes 1 0 0 ⁇ 2, 0 0 0 ppm, the sludge and Z or waste It is preferable to have a control device for controlling the supply amount of the oil.
  • the apparatus according to the present embodiment is capable of treating sludge having a dry weight of 0.1 to 2.0%, a nitrogen content of 1 to 10%, and a water concentration of 65 to 90% by weight. Is preferred.
  • sludge having a dry weight of 0.1 to 2.0%, a nitrogen content of 1 to 10%, and a water concentration of 65 to 90% by weight. Is preferred.
  • S_ ⁇ x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet by monitoring the S_ ⁇ x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet, it can be reduced efficiently dioxins.
  • the SO x concentration in the furnace or at the furnace outlet is a measure of the combustion reaction in the furnace. Additionally, SO x concentration amount is for most amount generated from sulfur in the sludge, also a measure of input amount of the sludge. In other words, sludge and at what rate the is turned against the waste, how much combustion is being performed in a furnace, comprising a guide as a Accordingly, the scope of the SO x concentration in the furnace or furnace exit of a predetermined By adjusting within this range, it is possible to determine the sludge and waste input ratio that achieves stable combustion conditions, and it is possible to efficiently control dioxins.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment.
  • the incinerator 101 includes a fluidized bed incinerator 101, a waste input device 102, and a sludge input device 103.
  • An exhaust gas treatment device 110 is connected to the incinerator 101, and an exhaust gas treatment device 1 Chimney 1 1 2 is connected to 10.
  • the outlet 5 of the incinerator 1 is vignetting Replacing the S_ ⁇ x densitometer 1 06
  • the concentration detection signal from the densitometer 106 is adapted to be input to the controller or meter 107.
  • the sludge and the waste put into the fluidized bed incinerator 101 from each of the input machines 102 and 103 in FIG. 5 are converted by the fluidizing gas (for example, air) sent from under the dispersion plate 104. Dry and ignite on contact with fluidized sand layer. The ignited sludge and waste are burned in the incinerator 101.
  • the residence time is desirably 3 seconds or more, and the exhaust gas temperature is desirably 700 or less at the furnace outlet in order to suppress the occurrence of soot or the like that causes an increase in the concentration of dioxins.
  • the sludge and / or waste input amount is determined so that the measured value of the SO x concentration meter 106 attached to the furnace outlet 105 is within a predetermined range. That is, 30> densitometer 1 06 concentration detection signal from the SO x concentration meter 1 06 connected to the control device or meter 1 07 is input to, so that the SO x concentration on the basis furnace outlet to be within a predetermined range
  • the amount of sludge and / or waste input is determined.
  • a suitable SO x concentration in the reactor outlet, 1 00-2, Ru 00 Oppm der. Rather than the effect of SO x concentration at the furnace exit dioxins suppression is less than 1 0 Oppm is charged minute, 2, 00 more than Oppm the increased H 2 S and S_ ⁇ 3 concentration in the exhaust gas, great at the operating environment surface Careful consideration is required.
  • the range SO x concentration in the furnace is in a predetermined, preferably 1 00-2, sludge and / or waste to be 00 Oppm
  • the same effect as described above can be obtained by controlling the W
  • the incinerator in this embodiment is not particularly limited, but a fluidized-bed incinerator that burns the combustion product while flowing the combustion product is particularly preferable in the incinerator in order to improve the combustibility of the sulfur component-containing material.
  • a fluidized-bed incinerator that burns the combustion product while flowing the combustion product is particularly preferable in the incinerator in order to improve the combustibility of the sulfur component-containing material.
  • dioxins can be reduced more efficiently by adjusting the sulfur content, nitrogen content, and water content in the sludge supplied to the incinerator. .
  • sludge is discharged from water distribution facilities, and is generated when solid-liquid separation of sewage sludge, night soil sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is treated with activated sludge, and wastewater containing organic matter is performed.
  • sludge such as sludge generated in closed water bodies during river dredging, and other sludge generated during sewage treatment.
  • FIG. 6 is a representation of SO x concentration and dioxins concentration at the furnace exit, as well as the relationship between the toxic substance (H 2 S + S_ ⁇ 3) concentration on the graph. From this result, 1 0 0-2 the SO x concentration at the furnace exit, by controlling the sludge supply amount such that 0 0 O ppm, can be efficiently removed Daiokishi emissions such, and toxic Substance or corrosive substance concentration can be controlled.
  • sludge supply is not controlled by SOx concentration, but waste and sludge are controlled. This is an example of co-firing.
  • the waste input device 22, the sludge input device 23, the fluidized bed incinerator 21, the fluidized bed 24, the furnace outlet 25, the exhaust gas treatment device 30, and the chimney 32 are shown. I have.
  • the present embodiment is for measuring the S_ ⁇ x concentration value at the furnace or furnace outlet as an index for judging the combustion conditions in the furnace, stabilized on the basis of the measured values
  • the sludge and waste input ratios that achieve the combustion conditions can be determined, and the generation of dioxins can be suppressed efficiently.
  • the emission of harmful gases can be suppressed in combination with stable combustion, and furthermore, it can be realized at relatively low cost without requiring a great deal of remodeling. Best mode 5
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the efficient suppression of dioxins in the treatment of waste in an incinerator, and as a result, have obtained the following knowledge.
  • dioxins can be reduced by co-firing waste with sulfur-containing materials in an incinerator.Furthermore, S ⁇ x
  • concentration within a predetermined range
  • This embodiment has been made based on such knowledge, and is characterized by having the following configuration.
  • the present embodiment in the processing method of waste mixed combustion waste with a sulfur compound-containing by incinerators, the SO x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet was measured, the sulfur components contained based on the measurement value
  • a method for treating waste characterized by controlling the supply amount of waste and Z or waste.
  • the incinerator is a fluidized bed furnace, and the SO x concentration of 1 0 0-2, wherein the sulfur compound-containing as a OOO ppm ⁇ beauty / or waste Is preferably controlled.
  • the processing apparatus of waste in incinerators and S o x concentration meter for measuring a supply device for supplying apparatus and waste of the sulfur component-containing substance, a so x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet, And a control device for controlling a supply amount of the sulfur component-containing material and Z or the waste based on the measured value.
  • the incinerator is a fluidized bed furnace, and such that said SO x concentration of 100 to 2, 000 ppm, the sulfur component-containing organic compounds and / or disposal It is preferable to provide a control device for controlling the supply amount of the object.
  • the control device for controlling the supply amount of the object.
  • Sulfur is present in the furnace as H 2 S, CS 2 , COS, so 2 and so 3 during the combustion process.
  • These substances have a poisoning effect on copper and similar substances, which are catalysts for the production of dioxins, and can effectively suppress dioxins in the exhaust gas line after the furnace exit from the high temperature combustion field in the furnace.
  • SO x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet a measure such as a combustion reaction in the furnace.
  • SO x concentration amount is for most amount generated from the sulfur compound-containing in, it becomes dosages of the order of the sulfur compound-containing. In other words, it is a measure of the proportion of waste containing sulfur components and the amount of combustion in the furnace. Therefore, by causing the combustion by adjusting the SO x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet in a predetermined range, it is possible to determine the amount of sulfur component-containing substance to achieve a stable combustion condition, thereby more efficiently Dioxins can be suppressed well.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment.
  • This incinerator is equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator 101, a sulfur component-containing material supply device 103, and a waste supply device 102, and the incinerator 101 has an exhaust gas treatment device 1 10 is connected, and the chimney 1 1 2 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 110. Then, the outlet 1 0 5 of the incinerator 1 0 1 attached SO x densitometer 1 0 6, the concentration detection signal from the densitometer 1 0 6 is input to the control equipment or instrument 1 0 7 It has become.
  • the sulfur component content and the waste put into the incinerator 101 from each of the supply devices 102 and 103 in FIG. 8 are mixed with the flowing gas (for example, Dry and ignite by contact with the sand layer fluidized by (air).
  • the ignited sulfur components and waste are burned in the incinerator.
  • the residence time is desirably 3 seconds or more to suppress the occurrence of soot, etc., which may increase the concentration of dioxins
  • the exhaust gas temperature is desirably 700 ° C or less at the furnace outlet. preferable.
  • the exhaust gas is exhausted from the furnace outlet 105 and then discharged from the chimney 1 12 through the exhaust gas treatment device 110 to the outside.
  • the amounts of the sulfur component-containing material and Z or the waste are determined so that the measured value of the SO x concentration meter 106 attached to the furnace outlet 105 is within a predetermined range. That, SO x densitometer 1 0 6 3 0 to the control device or meter 1 0 7 is connected to) (density detection signal from the concentration meter 1 0 6 is inputted, on the basis of this furnace outlet 1 0 5 of the SO x concentration is input amount of the sulfur compound-containing and Z or waste to be within a predetermined range is determined.
  • a suitable S_ ⁇ x concentration in the reactor outlet, 1 0 0-2, Ru 0 0 O ppm der.
  • Is SO x concentration at the furnace exit 1 0 is less than O ppm the effect of dioxins suppress charge
  • the concentration exceeds 2,000 ppm the concentration of H 2 S, a toxic substance in the exhaust gas, will increase, requiring great care in terms of safety and health.
  • the chimney 1 1 2 may be installed SO x concentration meter 1 06 .. In this case, as shown in Fig. 8, if white smoke prevention air joins the exhaust gas line from the chimney upstream to affect the SOx concentration in the chimney, for example, convert oxygen to 12%. If you consider it after converting the concentration, ⁇
  • the incinerator in this embodiment is not particularly limited, but a fluidized-bed incinerator that burns the combustion product while flowing the combustion product is particularly preferable in the incinerator in order to improve the combustibility of the sulfur component-containing material.
  • a fluidized-bed incinerator that burns the combustion product while flowing the combustion product is particularly preferable in the incinerator in order to improve the combustibility of the sulfur component-containing material.
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the efficient suppression of dioxins in the treatment of RDF in an incinerator, and have obtained the following findings. That is, by co-firing RDF with sulfur-containing materials in an incinerator, It is possible to suppress the dioxins, further Ri by the maintaining furnace as an indicator for determining the combustion conditions in the furnace, the so x concentration at the furnace outlet or chimney in a predetermined range, efficient dioxin Formation can be suppressed.
  • This embodiment has been made based on such knowledge, and is characterized by having the following configuration.
  • the present embodiment provides a RDF processing method of co-firing a sulfur compound-containing and RDF in incinerators, furnace, the S_ ⁇ x concentration at the furnace outlet or chimney is measured, based on the total measured value
  • a method for treating RDF characterized by controlling the supply amount of the sulfur component-containing material and / or RDF.
  • the supply of preferably the incinerator is a fluidized bed furnace, and the sulfur compound-containing as said SO x concentration in the chimney becomes 50 to 400 ppm ⁇ beauty / or waste It is preferred to control the amount.
  • the present embodiment is an RDF processing apparatus for co-firing a sulfur component-containing material and RDF in an incinerator, comprising: a sulfur component-containing material supply device; an RDF supply device; or the SO x concentration meter for measuring the SO x concentration in the chimney, the RDF, characterized in that a control device for controlling the supply amount of the sulfur compound-containing and Z or RD F based on the measurement value A processing device is provided.
  • the incinerator is preferably a fluidized bed furnace, and the sulfur component-containing material and / or waste is controlled so that the SOX concentration of the chimney is 50 to 400 ppm. It is preferable to provide a control device for controlling the supply amount.
  • RDF processing technology according to the present embodiment, RDF and a sulfur component-containing material are co-fired in an incinerator, and the , it is possible to effectively reduce the dioxins by Rukoto monitor the sO x concentration in the reactor outlet or chimney.
  • Sulfur is present in the furnace as H 2 S, CS 2 , COS, so 2 and so 3 during the combustion process.
  • These substances have a poisoning effect on copper and similar substances that catalyze the production of dioxins, and are effective in the exhaust gas line from the high temperature combustion field in the furnace to the furnace outlet and beyond.
  • dioxins can be suppressed.
  • some substances inhibit the C1 dioxin formation reaction during the process of dioxin formation. As a result, the production of dioxins in the combustion process and in the downstream stream is suppressed.
  • x concentration in the furnace, the furnace outlet or chimney a measure such as a combustion reaction in the furnace.
  • x concentration Me minute most other generated from the sulfur compound-containing in, it becomes dosages of the order of the sulfur compound-containing. In other words, it is a measure of the proportion of the sulfur component contained in the RDF and the amount of combustion in the furnace. That is, this is a standard for efficiently performing the above-mentioned reaction contributing to the reduction of dioxins.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment.
  • This treatment device is equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator 101, an RDF supply device 130, and a sulfur component-containing supply device 132.
  • the incinerator 101 has an exhaust gas treatment device 1 1 0, and the chimney 1 1 2 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 110.
  • An SO x concentration meter 127 is attached to the chimney 112, and a concentration detection signal from the concentration meter 127 is input to a control device or a meter 128.
  • the RDF and the sulfur content contained in the incinerator 101 from the supply devices 130 and 132 shown in FIG. 9 are supplied to the fluidizing gas (for example, air) sent from under the dispersion plate 104.
  • the fluidizing gas for example, air
  • the ignited sulfur content and RDF are burned in the furnace 101.
  • Exhaust gas is discharged from the furnace outlet 106 through the exhaust gas treatment facility 110 through the chimney 1 12.
  • the input amount of RDF and / or waste is determined so that the measured value of the SO x concentration meter 127 attached to the chimney 112 falls within a predetermined range. That is, a control device or an instrument connected to the SO x concentration meter 1 27 attached to the chimney 1 1 2 128 density detection signal from the SO x concentration meter 1 2 7 is inputted to, input of RDF and Z or sulfur component-containing organic compound so that the SO x concentration in the chimney on the basis of the measured value falls within a predetermined range Is determined.
  • the SO x concentration is low, the input amount of the sulfur component is increased and / or the input amount of the RDF is reduced, while when the S ⁇ x concentration is high, the input amount of the sulfur component is reduced and Increase the input of Z or RDF.
  • the like white smoke preventing air from the chimney upstream is joined to the exhaust gas, in the case that affect SO x concentration in the chimney, for example by 12% oxygen conversion thereof The concentration may be considered. Also, if you are performing automatic control, it may be added to the value of the SO x concentration in the operating parameters.
  • a suitable SO x concentration in the chimney is 50 ⁇ 40 Oppm. If the SO x concentration in the chimney is less than 5 Oppm, the above-mentioned reaction with sulfur cannot be performed efficiently, and if it exceeds 40 Oppm, the possibility of wake corrosion due to sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas increases. .
  • established the SO x concentration meter in the furnace or furnace outlet in the range SO x concentration in the furnace or furnace outlet is predetermined, so preferably becomes 60 to 600 ppm in both cases It is also possible to control the supply amount of RDF and Z or the sulfur component-containing material, and in this case, the same effect as described above can be obtained.
  • the incinerator in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but a fluidized bed incinerator that burns the combustion product while flowing the combustion product is desirable in order to improve the combustibility of the sulfur component-containing material.
  • This embodiment is a waste treatment method and apparatus for maintaining the combustion state in the incinerator at a constant level in the treatment of waste mixed with sludge and waste in an incinerator, thereby efficiently reducing dioxins. The purpose is to provide.
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on efficient suppression of dioxins in the treatment of waste in an incinerator, and have obtained the following findings.
  • waste treatment technology in which sludge and waste are co-fired in an incinerator, by supplying the sulfur component-containing powder to the supply line to the sludge or waste incinerator, it is effective in reducing the concentration of dioxins. Sulfur can be efficiently supplied in a stable state.
  • furnace as an indicator for determining the combustion conditions in the furnace, the SO x concentration in the furnace outlet or chimney in a predetermined range By maintaining it, the effect of suppressing dioxins is further improved.
  • This aspect has been made based on such knowledge, and is characterized by having the following configuration.
  • the present embodiment is characterized in that in a waste disposal method in which sludge and waste are co-fired in an incinerator, a sulfur component-containing powder is supplied to a supply line to the incinerator for sludge or waste. Provide a waste disposal method.
  • the furnace controls the supply amount of the sulfur-containing powder on the basis of the measured value.
  • the incinerator is a fluidized bed furnace.
  • the waste treatment apparatus for co-firing sludge and waste in an incinerator includes a supply apparatus for supplying a sulfur component-containing powder to a supply line to the incinerator for sludge or waste.
  • the present invention provides a waste treatment apparatus characterized in that:
  • the incinerator is a fluidized bed furnace.
  • the “supply device for supplying the sulfur component-containing powder” refers to a sulfur powder supply line connected to a sulfur powder storage tank and a sludge supply line or a sulfur powder storage tank and a waste supply line.
  • the supply of the sulfur component-containing powder to the supply line to the incinerator for sludge or waste is insufficient to effectively reduce the concentration of dioxins. Sulfur content can be efficiently supplied in a stable state.
  • the furnace to monitor the SO x concentration value the adjustment to be carried out combustion within the SO x concentration of Jo Tokoro range of the furnace outlet or chimney, a sulfur component-containing powder content to realize stable combustion conditions And can efficiently determine harmful gases such as dioxins. Generation can be suppressed.
  • the furnace, the furnace outlet or chimney well simply by installing the SO x concentration meter, a special modification or the like unnecessary, it is possible to inexpensively realize.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
  • This treatment equipment includes a waste storage tank 201, a sludge storage tank 202, a sulfur powder storage tank 203, and an incinerator 204, and furthermore, a waste storage tank 201 and incineration.
  • the waste supply line 205 for supplying the waste in the waste storage tank 201 to the incinerator 204 is connected to the furnace 204 and incinerated with the sludge storage tank 202
  • a sulfur powder supply line 207 for supplying the sulfur powder in the sulfur powder storage tank 203 to the incinerator 204 is connected to the line 206.
  • the sludge in the sludge storage tank 202 is pumped from the sludge storage tank 202 to the incinerator 204 through a sludge supply line 206 by a pump (not shown).
  • the sulfur powder pressure-fed from the sulfur powder storage tank 203 is supplied into the sludge supply line 206, and the sludge and the sulfur powder are mixed while being transported downstream, resulting in uniform properties. And supplied to the incinerator 204.
  • the sulfur content supplied to the sludge supply line is not limited to a powdery one, and a slurry-like material, for example, a slurry-like one can be suitably used as long as it contains a sulfur component.
  • this figure shows an example of connecting the sulfur powder supply line to the sludge supply line. It is also possible to connect a sulfur powder supply line to the waste supply line.In this case as well, the waste and the sulfur powder are mixed and supplied to the incinerator with uniform properties. Produces the effect of Also, as a simpler method than the method shown in this example, the same effect can be exerted by supplying sulfur powder to a water supply line for furnace temperature control, a waste water supply line, and the like.
  • FIG. 11 shows another example of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
  • This treatment device includes a waste storage tank 2 1 1, a sludge storage tank 2 1 2, a sulfur powder storage tank 2 1 3, and a fluidized bed incinerator 2 1 4.
  • An exhaust gas treatment device 222 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 222, and a chimney 222 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 222.
  • a sulfur powder supply line 2 1 for supplying the sulfur powder in the sulfur powder storage tank 2 13 to the incinerator 2 14 between the sulfur powder storage tank 2 13 and the sludge supply line 2 16 7 is connected.
  • An SO x concentration meter 220 is attached to the chimney 2 24, and a concentration detection signal from the S ⁇ x concentration meter 220 is input to a control device or a meter 22 1.
  • the sulfur component-containing powder supplied to the sludge supply line 216 is sufficiently mixed with the sludge in the sludge supply line 216 to have uniform properties, and is supplied to the incinerator 216. Supplied.
  • the sludge and the waste supplied from the waste storage tank 2 11 through the waste supply line 2 15 flow through the air sent from the wind box 2 25 below the dispersion plate 2 18. It is dried in the sand layer and heated to ignite. The ignited waste is burned in the freeboard area, and the combustion is completely completed.
  • the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside from the chimney 224 through the exhaust gas treatment device 222.
  • the preferred SO X concentration of the chimney is 50-40 Oppm. ⁇ the SO x concentration in the smoke impact is less than 5 Oppm rather sufficient effect of dioxins suppression, the SO x concentration exceeds 40 Oppm can not be achieved the regulation value
  • the S ⁇ x concentration meter was installed in the chimney, but 30 ; the concentration meter was installed in the furnace 2 14 or the furnace outlet 2 19, and the SO x concentration in the furnace or the furnace outlet was within the specified range.
  • the supply amount of the sulfur component-containing powder it is possible to control the supply amount of the sulfur component-containing powder so that the amount is preferably 60 to 60 ppm.
  • a fluidized bed incinerator is used as an incinerator is shown.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a grate incinerator and the like.
  • sulfur powder for supplementing the sulfur concentration that is effective in reducing dioxins is stably and efficiently produced. Can be supplied to
  • This embodiment is directed to a method of treating waste in which waste and sludge and / or a sulfur component-containing material are co-incinerated in a waste incinerator, wherein the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material is dispersed and supplied to a garbage hottub.
  • a processing method is provided.
  • a waste treatment apparatus for co-firing comprising: dispersing and supplying means for dispersing sludge and Z or sulfur component-containing substances and supplying the same to a garbage hopper.
  • the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material is dispersed and supplied to the refuse shuffle by a dispersion supply device having a function of uniformly dispersing and supplying these components.
  • the dispersion supply device is not particularly limited, and any device can be used as long as it has a function of uniformly dispersing the sludge and the Z or sulfur component-containing material in the trash.
  • a screw conveyor, a mono pump, a sliding conveyor, or a combination thereof may be used.
  • waste is supplied to the waste hopper prior to dispersing and supplying sludge and Z or sulfur content.
  • the sludge When the sludge is supplied in a dispersed manner, the sludge penetrates into the waste in the garbage hopper by its own weight, and the combustibles and moisture are dispersed evenly and mixed uniformly with the waste. In the case of sulfur-containing substances, they are evenly dispersed on the waste and uniformly mixed with the waste. In addition, sludge mixed with the supply of waste into the furnace and Z or sulfur content are also supplied, so that parts with extremely low calorific value and parts with extremely high moisture content, etc. The combustion can be performed stably over a wide range, and soot generation can be prevented.
  • a dispersion supply device for dispersing and supplying the sludge and the Z or sulfur component-containing material, it is preferable to use a lance which mixes these with a gas and supplies the mixture to a garbage hopper. Air as carrier gas, using the lance and the like co 2, the sludge and / or sulfur compound-containing together with the conveying gas can be dispersed more uniformly and effectively dust hopper.
  • the dispersed supply of sludge and / or sulfur-containing materials to the waste hopper from such a distributed supply device is performed in accordance with the timing of inputting waste to the waste hopper by a waste crane.
  • waste stored in the garbage pit is The waste is supplied to the waste hopper by the waste crane at predetermined intervals determined. If the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material is continuously supplied when the amount of waste is small in the refuse hopper, only these are supplied to the incinerator. Also, if the refuse cranes continuously supply sludge and z or sulfur content while the refuse is charging waste into the refuse hopper, the sulfur content and waste will disperse around the refuse hotspot. It is possible to do. Therefore, if the decentralized feeder is driven in accordance with the timing of the input of waste into the refuse hopper, an appropriate amount of sludge and Z or sulfur content can be efficiently supplied.
  • the dispersion supply device can be driven in the following manner.
  • the amount of waste in the garbage hopper is detected by a sensor, and the amount of sludge that is optimal for the amount of garbage in the garbage hopper at that time is selected so that the sludge and / or the sulfur component content are uniformly mixed. Disperse supply.
  • the garbage crane senses the weight of the waste to be put into the garbage hopper with the weight sensor 1 and distributes an appropriate amount of sludge and / or sulfur-containing material based on the weight after the waste is injected. .
  • the present invention is not limited to the four methods described above, and it is also possible to use another method to disperse and supply the waste in accordance with the timing at which the waste is put into the waste hopper.
  • the dispersion and supply of the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material by the above-described method is stopped at least one hour before the operation of the incinerator is stopped.
  • the operation is usually adjusted several hours before the operation stops, and the amount of waste input starts to be reduced. If sludge and / or sulfur components are continuously supplied during this time, the following disadvantages will occur. If sludge continues to be supplied, the overall calorific value will decrease and the combustion state will be impaired. It is expected to be stable.
  • the sulfur content is continuously supplied, the burning rate of the sulfur content increases in the incinerator, and the concentration of SOx in the exhaust gas increases.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, and shows a portion of a waste incinerator of a waste incinerator.
  • Waste is put into the garbage hopper 302 from the garbage crane 301, while sludge and / or sulfur-containing materials are conveyed from the sludge and / or sulfur-containing material inlet 305 to the conveyor 304. After that, it is dispersed on the waste in the hopper.
  • the sludge then penetrates into the waste in the garbage hopper 302 by its own weight, and combustibles and moisture are mixed on average.
  • the sulfur content is also dispersed evenly over the waste in the garbage hopper and is evenly mixed, and in some cases, the sulfur content is then mixed as the waste is fed into the furnace. Things are also supplied. In this way, the sludge and the Z or sulfur content are supplied together with the waste from the refuse shuffle 303 into the furnace (not shown).
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, and shows a portion of a waste incinerator of a waste incinerator. Similar to the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 12, waste is put into a waste hopper 302 from a waste crane 301. On the other hand, the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material is introduced from the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing inlet 5, and is conveyed from the lance 303 together with the carrier gas supplied from the carrier gas supply port 307. And is distributed and supplied to the refuse hopper 302. In this way, the sludge and / or sulfur component content is efficiently dispersed over a wide area on the waste in the refuse hopper 302.
  • the carrier gas air, co 2, other such as nitrogen, flue gas Recirculated gas or the like can be used, and the flow rate thereof is not particularly limited as long as the sludge and the content of z or sulfur components can be dispersed.
  • the sludge then penetrates into the waste in the garbage hopper 302 under its own weight, and the combustibles and moisture are mixed on average, and the sulfur component content also averages on the waste in the garbage hopper. Are uniformly dispersed and uniformly mixed. In this way, the sludge and the Z or sulfur content are supplied together with the waste from the waste chute 303 into the furnace (not shown).
  • the sludge mixed with the waste includes sewage sludge generated from sewage treatment, human waste sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is subjected to activated sludge treatment, and wastewater containing organic matter when solid-liquid separation is performed.
  • Any type of sludge can be used, such as sludge generated in closed areas, sludge generated in closed water areas during river dredging, and other sludge generated in the process of sewage treatment.
  • the water content of the sludge is not particularly limited, and contains water in a usual range of 10 to 90%. Sludge can be used.
  • any sulfur component-containing material such as sulfur powder, industrial wastewater (because of containing sulfur), and rubber-based waste such as waste tires can be used.
  • rubber waste such as waste tires is used, it is necessary to operate in consideration of the calorific value.
  • the above-mentioned sludge and the sulfur component-containing material can be used in combination.
  • the type of the incinerator is not limited at all, and is applied to any incinerator such as a fluidized bed incinerator, a grate incinerator, a kiln incinerator and the like, and the waste and sludge and / or It can be co-fired with the sulfur component-containing material, and the temperature of the combustion chamber can be in a normal range.
  • any incinerator such as a fluidized bed incinerator, a grate incinerator, a kiln incinerator and the like, and the waste and sludge and / or It can be co-fired with the sulfur component-containing material, and the temperature of the combustion chamber can be in a normal range.
  • a grate incinerator was used as the waste incinerator, and municipal solid waste and sludge as the waste were co-fired and treated by the method of the present invention.
  • the sludge was supplied to the garbage hotspot into which waste had been put in advance using a lance that had the function of mixing the sludge and air and dispersing the sludge.
  • the municipal waste has 230 kcal Z kg and the sludge content is 80%.
  • the municipal solid waste and the sludge were co-fired by changing the temperature of the drying stage to 700 to 850 ° C and the temperature of the combustion chamber to 850 to 1000.
  • a grate-type incinerator was used as a waste incinerator, and municipal solid waste and a sulfur component-containing waste were treated by co-firing according to the method of the present invention.
  • sulfur powder was used as the sulfur component, and the sulfur component was supplied to a garbage hot pot into which waste had been put in advance using a lance that had the function of dispersing the sulfur component.
  • CO 2 was used as a carrier gas for carrying the sulfur component-containing material.
  • the garbage is 230 kcal / kg
  • the content of sulfur content is 80%
  • the drying stage temperature is 700-850
  • the combustion chamber temperature is 850-100 : Changed to C and mixed municipal waste and sulfur powder.
  • the average CO concentration was reduced to less than half and the dioxins concentration was reduced by 20% compared to the case where municipal solid waste and sulfur powder were put into the furnace from separate shots. Stable during incineration The furnace could be operated under the conditions specified above, and no abnormalities were found in the exhaust gas concentration or ash condition.
  • the combustion state of the incinerator ⁇ is maintained constant, and the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material and the waste such as municipal waste are efficiently co-fired, and A waste disposal method and apparatus capable of reducing the concentration of dioxins are provided.
  • sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material and waste Since they can be uniformly supplied to the waste hopper, they are evenly supplied in the furnace. Therefore, combustion proceeded stably without generating an extremely low calorific value area in the incinerator, and as a result, the generation of dioxins in the exhaust gas could be reduced efficiently.
  • This embodiment provides a method for treating waste in which waste and sludge and Z or sulfur component-containing material are co-fired in a waste incinerator using a grate, wherein the sludge and Z or sulfur component-containing material are dispersed.
  • the present invention provides a waste disposal method characterized in that the waste is supplied onto a drying stage grate.
  • the present embodiment provides a waste treatment apparatus for co-firing a waste with sludge and a substance containing Z or sulfur component in a waste incinerator using a grate, wherein the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing substance is mixed. And a dispersing and supplying means for dispersing and supplying the dispersion to a drying stage grate.
  • the sludge and the Z-sulfur component-containing material are dispersed and supplied onto a drying-stage grate of a grate-type incinerator by a dispersion supply device having a function of uniformly dispersing and supplying these components.
  • the dispersion supply device is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of uniformly dispersing the sludge and / or the sulfur component-containing material on the drying stage grate, and any device can be used.
  • the sludge If the sludge is supplied in a dispersed manner, it mixes with the waste being dried on the drying grate by its own weight, and the sludge itself is dried and ignites soon. In the case of sulfur content, it is evenly dispersed on the waste being dried on the drying grate and dried together with the waste to start burning. Therefore, the temperature is partially low Stable combustion is performed without forming a region. Since the sludge is uniformly mixed with the waste, the sludge before being incinerated does not fall into the ash chamber under the fire grate from the gaps such as the air holes pushed into the grate.
  • the dispersion supply device for dispersing and supplying the sludge and / or the sulfur component-containing material it is preferable to use a lance that mixes these with a gas and supplies the mixture on a dry stage grate.
  • a lance air as a carrier gas, by using such C_ ⁇ 2, sludge and Z or sulfur compound-containing can be uniformly and effectively dispersed in the drying stage fire on the grid.
  • the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material is dispersed and supplied on the drying stage grate. It is desired to provide the It is preferable that the dispersed supply of the sludge and / or the sulfur component-containing material onto the drying grate is stopped at least one hour before the operation of the incinerator is stopped.
  • incinerators usually
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a grate-type waste incinerator of the present invention.
  • the waste put into the garbage hopper 401 is sent to the drying stage grate 403 through the garbage tank 402.
  • sludge and / or sulfur content It is introduced from the material introduction port 408, is conveyed from the lance 407 together with the carrier gas supplied from the carrier gas supply port 409, and is dispersed and supplied onto the drying stage grate 403.
  • the sludge and Z or sulfur content are efficiently dispersed over a wide area on the waste on the drying stage grate 403.
  • the carrier gas air, C ⁇ 2, other such as nitrogen, can be used as the exhaust gas recirculation gas, the flow rate thereof, the amount sufficient to disperse the sludge and Z or sulfur compound-containing It is desirable that the amount does not affect combustion in the furnace.
  • a lance 407 for distributing sludge and Z or sulfur content on the drying stage grate 403 is a force provided in the direction in which the waste moves. It is not limited. A slant may be provided in a direction perpendicular to this direction, and the sludge and / or the sulfur component-containing material may be similarly dispersed and supplied onto the drying-stage grate 4 3.
  • the sludge then penetrates into the waste on the drying grate 400 by its own weight, and combustibles and moisture are mixed on average, and the sulfur content is also reduced to waste on the drying grate. Are dispersed on the average and mixed uniformly.
  • the sludge and / or sulfur content is dried together with the waste by the air 406 sent from below and the radiant heat in the furnace, and the temperature rises and ignites.
  • the combustion stage grate 4 When the combustion is started, the sludge and / or sulfur content is transported together with the waste to the combustion stage grate 4 and burned by the combustion air 306 fed from below.
  • the unburned portion is sent to the post-combustion stage grate 400 and burns completely, and the ash remaining after incineration is taken out from the main ash chute 410.
  • Combustion is performed in the main combustion chamber 4 11, and the combustion exhaust gas (furnace ⁇ gas) is subjected to secondary combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 4 12 to completely burn unburned components. After that, the flue gas is discharged out of the furnace and sent to a downstream stage such as an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown).
  • a downstream stage such as an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown).
  • the sludge mixed with the waste includes sewage sludge generated from sewage treatment, human waste sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is subjected to activated sludge treatment, and wastewater containing organic matter when solid-liquid separation is performed.
  • the water content of the sludge is not particularly limited, and a sludge containing water in a usual range of 10 to 90% can be used.
  • any sulfur component-containing material such as powder, liquid, and solid can be used, but those that are easy to transport and have no danger of explosion are preferable.
  • the above-mentioned sludge and the sulfur component-containing material can be used in combination.
  • the drying stage temperature and the combustion chamber temperature are not particularly limited. It is possible to efficiently co-combust sludge and Z- or sulfur-containing substances with waste at the normal range of drying stage temperature and combustion chamber temperature.
  • a grate incinerator as shown in FIG. 14 was used, and municipal solid waste and sludge were mixed and treated according to the method of this embodiment.
  • sludge was mixed with nitrogen and supplied to the drying stage grate using a lance that had the function of dispersing the sludge.
  • the carrier gas for transporting the sludge with C 0 2.
  • To ⁇ waste 2 0 0 0 kcal Z k g content of sludge 8 0 0% der Ru ⁇ drying stage temperature 7 0 to 8 5 0 ° C, the combustion chamber temperature 8 5 0-1 0 0 Municipal waste and sludge were mixed and burned at 03 ⁇ 4.
  • the average CO concentration was less than half and the average dioxin concentration was reduced by 70% compared to the case where co-firing of municipal solid waste and sludge was not performed.
  • the furnace could be operated under stable conditions, and no abnormalities were found in the exhaust gas concentration or ash condition.
  • the combustion state in the grate incinerator is kept constant, and the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material and the waste such as municipal waste are efficiently co-fired,
  • a waste disposal method and a waste treatment apparatus capable of reducing the concentration of dioxins in exhaust gas are provided.
  • the sludge and / or sulfur component-containing material and the waste can be uniformly supplied onto the drying stage grate, so that an extremely low heat generation region is generated even in the incinerator.
  • the combustion proceeded stably without any problems, and as a result, it was possible to efficiently reduce the generation of dioxins in exhaust gas.
  • the present inventors have found that in the course of conducting various tests for incineration of waste, when the waste and sludge such as sewage sludge are co-fired, the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas is reduced. I found it to be lower. Therefore, the present inventors have conducted various studies on how the effect of reducing dioxins by the co-firing of sludge can be obtained.
  • the nitrogen compounds as described above which are the thermal decomposition products of sludge, suppress the production of dioxins during waste incineration, if the waste is incinerated with a nitrogen compound added, It was found that the production of dioxins was suppressed. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the problem of dioxins being formed in the exhaust gas flow path after the incinerator outlet was also examined, and a method for suppressing the formation was found as described below. In the exhaust gas channel, certain components in the fly ash are used as catalysts, and the reaction between unburned aromatic compounds and chlorine proceeds to produce dioxins.
  • the first method is to add a nitrogen compound to the waste, charge the waste into an incinerator, and inject the nitrogen compound into a flow path of the combustion exhaust gas after the incinerator outlet. It is a rejection method.
  • the dioxins in the incinerator and the flue gas flow path are disposed at two places by charging nitrogen compounds in the waste to be charged into the incinerator and the flue gas in the flue gas flow path. Is suppressed. Therefore, dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas can be significantly reduced.
  • the outlet of the incinerator refers to the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • Sludge means sewage sludge, human waste sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is treated with activated sludge, and organic matter. Refers to sludge generated when solid-liquid separation of wastewater containing water and sludge generated when dredging river J11 in closed water areas.
  • a nitrogen compound refers to an organic compound or an inorganic compound containing nitrogen. Specific examples of preferred nitrogen compounds include inexpensive compounds such as ammonia and urea. Nitrogen compounds can be used in the form of gas, liquid, solid, or aqueous solution, but an appropriate form is selected depending on the location to be added.
  • the second aspect of the present embodiment is a method for incinerating waste, which comprises charging sludge together with waste into an incinerator and injecting a nitrogen compound into a flow path of combustion exhaust gas after the incinerator outlet.
  • sludge is incinerated together with waste.
  • Incineration of sludge has the effect of suppressing the production of dioxins.
  • waste and sludge incineration are generally although it is performed separately in a dedicated incinerator, the incineration of waste and sludge together offers the advantage of further reducing equipment and operating costs.
  • the third aspect of this embodiment is a waste incineration method characterized by adding a nitrogen compound to waste and / or sludge when charging waste and sludge into an incinerator.
  • nitrogen compounds are added to the waste and / or sludge before charging into the incinerator.
  • sludge such as sewage sludge to be incinerated
  • it is a clay-like substance containing an extremely large amount of water (65 to 90 wt%).
  • the combustion condition in the incinerator becomes poor.
  • sludge for supplying the required amount of nitrogen may not be able to be charged.
  • the nitrogen compound is separately added to supplement the insufficient nitrogen, thereby reducing the combustion.
  • the dioxins produced in the incinerator can be greatly reduced while maintaining the normal condition.
  • the fourth aspect of the present embodiment is characterized in that a means for adding a nitrogen compound to waste to be charged into the incinerator is provided, and a means for injecting the nitrogen compound into a flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is provided.
  • This is a waste incineration facility.
  • the nitrogen compound can be added to the waste, the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator can be reduced. Further, since a nitrogen compound can be blown into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas, the amount of dioxins generated in the exhaust gas flow path can be reduced.
  • a means for charging sludge into the incinerator is provided, a means for adding a nitrogen compound is added to the sludge charging means, and a means for injecting the nitrogen compound into a flow path of the combustion exhaust gas.
  • sludge can be charged into the incinerator, the effect of suppressing the generation of dioxins in the incinerator is provided.
  • Nitrogen compounds can be added and added, so if the nitrogen content in the sludge to be charged alone is not enough to suppress the production of dioxins, replenish the nitrogen to be charged to the incinerator be able to.
  • the co-firing of waste and sludge offers the advantage of cost savings.
  • the location of the nitrogen compound injection in the flue gas flow path may be in the range from the outlet of the incinerator to the chimney, but in particular, fly ash containing a catalyst component Before collecting the dust, that is, at a location upstream of the dust collector.
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • the incinerator shown in this figure is equipped with a grate-type incinerator.
  • 5110 is a grate-type incinerator
  • 511 is to load municipal waste and other waste into the furnace.
  • Waste hopper, 5 15 is the exhaust gas treatment process.
  • gas cooling by a boiler, gas cooler, etc., acid gas removal, dust collection, and the like are performed.
  • a means 550 for adding a nitrogen compound to the waste charged into the incinerator 5100 is provided.
  • the nitrogen compound adding means 550 is configured to include a storage tank 551 of an aqueous solution of urea which is a kind of nitrogen compound, a urea supply pump 552, and a urea nozzle 553.
  • means 570 for injecting a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is provided.
  • the nitrogen compound blowing means 570 has a configuration including an ammonia gas holder 571, a flow controller 572, and a spray nozzle (not shown).
  • the combustion chamber 5 1 2 of the incinerator is provided with a drying stage grate 5 13 a, a combustion stage grate 5 13 b, and a post-combustion stage grate 5 13 c, each having a transfer function, in a stepwise manner. I have.
  • the inside of the combustion chamber 5 12 is mainly sent to the area for drying the loaded waste (dry zone), the area for burning the dried waste (combustion zone), and the combustion state. It is now divided into an area where post-combustion (ash after burning) is performed (post-burning zone).
  • waste is injected into the waste hopper 511 and the urea aqueous solution is sprayed from the urea spray nozzle 553 onto the waste.
  • the waste to which urea is added is sent from the waste hopper 511 into the combustion chamber 5112.
  • the charged waste is transported over the above-mentioned grate, ashed through drying, burning, and post-burning processes, and discharged.
  • the drying stage grate 5 13 a dry zone
  • the combustion stage grate 5 13 b combustion zone
  • combustion takes place in a state of lack of oxygen.
  • urea added to waste is added. Is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group, and the like, and the formation reaction of the dioxins is suppressed.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 5 In 14 a secondary combustion process for burning combustible gas is performed by blowing air.
  • the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 514 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment step 515, where it is cooled, harmful gas removed, and dust-removed, and then emitted from the chimney 516.
  • the ammonia gas supplied from the gas holder 571 is blown into a device for performing various kinds of exhaust gas treatment as described above or a flue connecting each device. The injection of ammonia gas reduces the amount of dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator and the 502 locations in the exhaust gas channel can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 6 In its contact to a Figure 1 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the embodiment of the present embodiment, portions of the same configuration as FIG. 1 5, omitted the same reference numerals I do.
  • a sludge supply means is newly provided as an incidental facility of the incinerator, so that sludge can be put into the waste hopper 511 together with the waste.
  • 540 is a sludge feeder.
  • a nitrogen compound blowing means 570 for blowing a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is provided.
  • the waste and sludge fed into the waste hopper 5 11 are sent into the combustion chamber 5 12.
  • waste and sludge are ashed and discharged through the drying, burning, and post-combustion processes.
  • the nitrogen-containing component in the sludge charged together with the waste is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group.
  • the formation reaction of the dioxins is suppressed. Therefore, the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 5 12 is reduced.
  • the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 5 12 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment process 15 via the secondary combustion chamber 5 14, as in the case of the equipment in FIG. 15, where the gas holder 1 5 7 1 Ammonia gas supplied from is blown.
  • the injection of ammonia gas reduces dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • sludge is charged together with waste into the incinerator, and nitrogen compounds are blown into the exhaust gas channel, thereby suppressing the generation of dioxins in the incinerator and the exhaust gas channel.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example according to the embodiment of the present embodiment.
  • a nitrogen compound adding means 560 for adding a nitrogen compound to the sludge feeder 540 is additionally provided.
  • the nitrogen compound adding means 560 is configured to have a hopper 561 for storing urea powder and a urea feeder 562.
  • a nitrogen compound blowing means 570 for blowing a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is provided as ancillary equipment for the exhaust gas treatment step.
  • waste is transferred to the waste hopper 5 1 1
  • Sludge is supplied from the sludge feeder 540.
  • urea powder is supplied from the urea supply unit 552 to the sludge supply unit 540, and the sludge mixed with the urea is supplied to the waste hopper 511.
  • the sludge and waste to which urea is added are sent into the combustion chamber 512.
  • waste and sludge are ashed and discharged through the drying, burning, and post-combustion processes.
  • the nitrogen-containing component in the sludge charged together with the waste and the separately added urea are thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or NH 2
  • ammonia (NH 3 ) or NH 2 A compound having a group is generated, and the formation reaction of the dioxins is suppressed. Therefore, the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 5 12 is greatly reduced.
  • the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 5 12 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment process 5 15 through the secondary combustion chamber 5 14 as in the case of the equipment in Fig. 1, where the gas holder 5 7 Ammonia gas supplied from 1 is blown.
  • the injection of ammonia gas reduces dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • urea is added when sludge is charged into the incinerator, and the nitrogen content to be charged into the incinerator 5 10 is increased to further reduce dioxins generated in the incinerator. be able to.
  • Figure 1 8 is incineration facilities are shown in a Fig is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of the embodiment of the present embodiment are those having a fluidized bed incinerator, in FIG, 5 2 0
  • a fluidized bed incinerator, 530 is a waste feeder
  • 540 is a sludge feeder.
  • Numeral 526 denotes an exhaust gas treatment step for performing gas cooling by a boiler, a gas cooler, etc., acid gas removal, dust collection, and the like.
  • a fluidized bed section 523 where a fluidized bed is formed by air blown from the wind box 521 during operation, and a freeboard section above it. It is classified into four categories.
  • the freeboard section 524 is provided with a horn for blowing air for secondary combustion.
  • Means 570 for injecting the compound are provided.
  • the nitrogen compound injecting means 570 is configured to include an ammonia gas holder 571, a flow controller 572, and an unillustrated mist nozzle.
  • waste is charged from the waste feeder 530 to the incinerator 520, and sludge is charged from the sludge feeder 540.
  • the waste and sludge charged are heated in the fluidized bed while being dried and burned.
  • the conventional technology since the amount of air blown is suppressed, the conventional technology is originally in a combustion state in which dioxins are easily generated.
  • the nitrogen-containing component in the sludge charged together with the waste is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NE) or a compound having an NH 2 group. The reaction is suppressed.
  • the flue gas generated in the fluidized bed section 5 2 3 contains flammable gases such as H 2 , CO, and CI, air is blown in from the nozzle 5 2 5 in the free board section 5 2 4.
  • a secondary combustion process for burning combustible gas is performed.
  • the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 20 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment step 526, where it is cooled, harmful gas removed, and dust-removed, and then emitted from the chimney 527.
  • 3 ammonia gas supplied from a gas holder one 5 7 1 is blown in the ammonia gas
  • the injection reduces the amount of dioxins generated in the flue gas channel. As described above, dioxins in flue gas are significantly reduced by charging sludge together with waste into the incinerator and blowing nitrogen compounds into the freeboard area before secondary combustion is performed. I do.
  • Figures 15 to 18 show waste incineration equipment equipped with a grate incinerator or a fluidized bed incinerator.
  • the incinerators to which this embodiment can be applied are the above two types. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a kiln type.
  • Figs. 15 to 17 show a grate-type incinerator having a structure in which the grate is arranged in a stepwise manner. Only However, it is applicable if the furnace has a part with the function of a drying zone.
  • urea to be added to the incinerator before being charged into the incinerator is added to the waste in the form of an aqueous solution
  • the urea is in the form of powder.
  • the state of the nitrogen compound at the time of addition is not limited.
  • nitrogen compounds to waste it is necessary to add them as aqueous solutions and attach them to the waste in order to distribute a small amount of nitrogen compounds as evenly as possible in a large amount of bulky waste. Good.
  • nitrogen compounds to sludge it is desirable to add them in a powder state in order to reduce the water content of the charge.
  • the nitrogen compound injected into the exhaust gas passage is ammonia gas, but the nitrogen compound injected into the exhaust gas passage is not limited to a gaseous state.
  • an aqueous solution of ammonia or urea may be used.
  • sludge and nitrogen compounds are charged together with the waste into the incinerator and incinerated, and a nitrogen-containing component is thermally decomposed to generate a nitrogen compound having an action of suppressing the generation of dioxins,
  • nitrogen compounds are blown into the flue gas flow path after the outlet of the incinerator to suppress the generation of dioxins in the flue gas flow path, so that dioxins in the incinerator and the flue gas flow path in two places are suppressed.
  • the amount of generation can be greatly reduced.
  • the waste incineration equipment equipped with equipment for supplying nitrogen compounds to the incinerator and the exhaust gas treatment process can supply nitrogen compounds to the incinerator and the exhaust gas treatment process at two locations. Is obtained. Best mode 1 1
  • a first embodiment is a waste incineration method characterized by adding a nitrogen compound to waste and charging the waste into an incinerator.
  • the production of dioxins is suppressed by charging the nitrogen compound together with the waste, so that dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas can be reduced only by providing a very simple device. Can be reduced.
  • the second embodiment is a method of charging sludge together with waste into an incinerator and incinerating the waste, and adding a nitrogen compound to the waste and the sludge before charging the sludge into the incinerator. It is a method of incinerating waste.
  • the incineration of waste and sludge is generally performed in dedicated incinerators, however, if the waste and sludge are incinerated together, there is a merit that equipment and operating costs can be reduced. Incineration of sludge has the effect of suppressing the production of dioxins.
  • Sewage sludge such as sewage sludge, which is to be incinerated, is a clay-like material containing an extremely large amount of water (65 to 90 wt%) even if it is dewatered. If a large amount of this dewatered sludge is charged, the combustion state in the incinerator will be poor, and it may not be possible to charge the sludge to supply the required amount of nitrogen.
  • Te this invention smell, to deal with the above situation, with the addition of waste and Z or sludge nitrogen compounds was charged into an incinerator, to replenish the nitrogen content missing a
  • the third embodiment is a method in which sludge is charged together with waste into an incinerator and incinerated, wherein a nitrogen compound is added to the waste and sludge put in the waste hopper of the incinerator.
  • a waste incineration method characterized in that:
  • the nitrogen compound is added to both the waste and the sludge to be charged to the incinerator, so that the nitrogen compound is uniformly distributed in the charge in the incinerator, and the generation of dioxins is evenly distributed. Is suppressed.
  • the fourth embodiment is a waste incineration facility for incinerating sludge together with waste, characterized in that a nitrogen compound adding means for adding nitrogen compounds to waste to be charged into an incinerator is provided. It is a waste incineration facility.
  • a nitrogen compound is added to the waste, so that a small amount of the nitrogen compound can be uniformly added to a large amount of bulky waste, and the generation of dioxins in the incinerator is reduced. It can be controlled without bias.
  • the fifth embodiment is a waste incinerator for incinerating sludge together with waste, in which a means for adding a nitrogen compound to a sludge feeder for charging sludge into an incinerator is added. Waste incineration equipment characterized by being mixed and charged into an incinerator.
  • This embodiment is particularly useful when a powdered nitrogen compound is added. Combustion efficiency can be increased by adding the nitrogen compound in powder form and reducing the water content of the charge charged to the incinerator.
  • sludge means sewage sludge, human waste sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is treated with activated sludge, sludge generated when solid-liquid separation of wastewater containing organic matter, closed water area Refers to sludge generated when dredging rivers.
  • a nitrogen compound refers to an organic compound or an inorganic compound containing nitrogen.
  • preferred nitrogen compounds include inexpensive compounds such as ammonia and urea.Nitrogen compounds can be used in the form of gas, liquid, solid, or aqueous solution, but depending on the location to be added, those in an appropriate form Is selected.
  • FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to the embodiment of the present embodiment.
  • the incinerator is equipped with a grate incinerator, 6 10 is a grate incinerator, 6 11 is a waste hopper for charging waste such as municipal waste into the furnace, 6 15 is an exhaust gas treatment process.
  • the exhaust gas treatment process 615 performs gas cooling using a boiler, gas cooler, etc., acid gas removal treatment, dust collection treatment, and the like.
  • a means for adding a nitrogen compound to the waste charged into the incinerator 6100 is provided.
  • 651 is a storage tank for an aqueous solution of urea
  • a type of nitrogen compound 652 is a urea supply pump
  • 653 is a urea spray nozzle.
  • 670 indicates waste such as municipal waste.
  • a drying grate 6 13 a, a combustion grate 6 13 b, and a post-combustion grate 6 13 c, each having a transport function, are provided in a stepwise manner.
  • the combustion chamber mainly contains an area for drying the loaded waste 670 (dry zone), an area for burning the dried waste (combustion zone), It is now divided into an area where post-combustion is performed to incinerate waste (post-combustion zone).
  • the waste is injected into the waste hopper 611, and the urea aqueous solution is sprayed from the urea spray nozzle 653 onto the waste.
  • the waste to which the urea is added is sent from the waste hopper 6 11 into the combustion chamber 6 12.
  • the charged waste is conveyed on the above-mentioned grate, ashed through each process of drying, burning and post-burning, and discharged.
  • the drying stage grate 6 13 a dry zone
  • the combustion stage grate 6 13 b combustion zone
  • combustion is performed in a state of lack of oxygen.
  • urea added to waste is thermally decomposed.
  • the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 6 12 contains combustible gas generated in the dry stage grate 6 13 a and part of the combustion stage grate 6 13 b, the secondary combustion chamber 6 In step 14, a process is performed to burn combustible gas by blowing air.
  • the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 614 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment step 615, where it is cooled, harmful gas removed, and dust-removed, and then emitted from the chimney 616.
  • urea is added to waste and incinerated as described above, the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator is reduced, and the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • a sludge supply means is provided so that sludge can be put into the waste hopper 611 together with the waste.
  • 640 is a sludge feeder. Further, the sludge feeder 640 is provided with a means for adding a nitrogen compound 660 to mix the sludge with the nitrogen compound.
  • 661 is a storage tank for urea powder
  • 662 is a urea powder supply machine.
  • the waste and sludge put into the waste hopper 6 11 are sent into the combustion chamber 6 12.
  • waste and sludge are ashed through drying, combustion, and post-combustion processes and discharged.
  • the nitrogen compounds in the sludge charged together with the waste and the urea added to the sludge are thermally decomposed to produce ammonia.
  • FIG. 1 In its contact to a Figure 2 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of the embodiment of the present embodiment, portions of the same structure as that of FIG. 1 9 and 2 0, with the same reference numerals Explanation is omitted.
  • a means 650 for adding a nitrogen compound to the waste and the sludge introduced into the waste hopper 611 is provided.
  • Reference numeral 651 denotes a urea aqueous solution storage tank
  • 652 denotes a urea supply pump
  • 653 denotes a urea spray nozzle.
  • the urea aqueous solution is sprayed onto the waste and the sludge put into the waste hopper 611 from the water mist 652.
  • the waste and sludge to which the urea is added are sent from the waste hopper 6 11 into the combustion chamber 6 12.
  • waste and sludge are ashed through drying, combustion, and post-combustion processes and discharged.
  • the nitrogen compound in the sludge charged together with the waste and the separately added urea are thermally decomposed to form ammonia (NH 3 ) or NH 2 groups. And the like, the formation reaction of dioxins is suppressed, and the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas is greatly reduced.
  • the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 612 is treated in the same way as the equipment in Fig. 19 and then emitted from the chimney 616
  • FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • the incinerator shown in this figure is equipped with a fluidized-bed incinerator.
  • 630 is a waste feeder
  • 640 is a sludge feeder
  • 62 is a fluidized-bed incinerator.
  • reference numeral 626 denotes an exhaust gas treatment process for performing gas cooling by a boiler, a gas cooler, etc., acid gas removal treatment, dust removal treatment, and the like.
  • the inside of the fluidized bed incinerator 620 is divided into a fluidized bed section 623 where a fluidized bed is formed by air supplied to the wind box 621 during operation, and a freeboard 624 above it.
  • the freeboard 624 is provided with an air blowing nozzle 625.
  • 6 2 2 is a dispersion plate for rectifying the air blown into the fluidized bed from the wind box 6 2 1.
  • the sludge feeder 640 is provided with a means for adding nitrogen compounds 60 to the sludge feeder. W
  • the mud is charged with a mixture of nitrogen compounds.
  • 661 is a storage tank for urea powder
  • 662 is a urea powder supply machine.
  • waste is charged into the incinerator 620 from the waste feeder 630, and sludge is charged from the sludge feeder 640.
  • the urea powder is supplied from the urea supply device 62 to the sludge supply device 640, and the sludge mixed with urea is charged.
  • the charged waste and sludge are heated in a fluidized bed while drying and burn.
  • the nitrogen compound in the sludge charged together with the waste and the urea added to the sludge are thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group, thereby producing the dioxins.
  • the reaction is suppressed.
  • the incombustibles in the waste are extracted from the bottom of the incinerator.
  • the flue gas generated in the fluidized bed contains flammable gases such as H 2 , CO, and CH 4 , air is blown from the nozzle 6 25 in the free board 6 24 A secondary combustion process is performed to burn reactive gases.
  • the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 6 14 is sent to an exhaust gas treatment step 6 26, where it is subjected to a cooling treatment, a harmful gas removal treatment, and a dust removal treatment, and then emitted from a chimney 6 27.
  • Figures 19 to 22 show waste incineration equipment equipped with grate incinerators or fluidized bed incinerators.
  • the incinerators to which this embodiment can be applied are the above two types. Is limited to
  • a grate-type incinerator having a structure in which the grate is arranged in a stepped manner is shown.
  • the grate is not limited to this, but may be one in which the grate is arranged horizontally.
  • the state of the nitrogen compound at the time of addition is not limited.
  • a nitrogen compound is added to waste having a large bulk, it is preferable to add it as an aqueous solution and attach it to the waste in order to add it as evenly as possible.
  • adding to sludge it is advisable to add it in powder form and mix it with sludge in a sludge feeder so that the water content of the charge does not increase.
  • the concentration of dioxins in the flue gas was measured.
  • the average value of dioxins 2,3,7,8—TCDD equivalent equivalent concentration was calculated by incineration of municipal solid waste only. The value was about 20% lower than the value when only processing was performed.
  • An object of this embodiment is to provide a waste incineration method and a facility capable of reducing the amount of dioxins produced by simply installing an extremely simple apparatus and adding an inexpensive substance. .
  • a nitrogen compound is added to the waste charged into the incinerator and sent to the drying zone. And incineration of waste.
  • the second embodiment is directed to a method of incinerating waste by an incinerator equipped with a grate-type incinerator, in which sludge is charged together with the waste into the incinerator, and waste sent to the drying zone in the incinerator and
  • This is a waste incineration method characterized by adding nitrogen compounds to sludge and incinerating it.
  • the incineration of waste and sludge is generally performed in dedicated incinerators, however, if the waste and sludge are incinerated together, there is a merit that equipment and operating costs can be reduced. Incineration of sludge has the effect of suppressing the production of dioxins.
  • sludge such as sewage sludge to be incinerated is a clay-like substance that contains an extremely large amount of water (65 to 90 wt%) even if it is dewatered. If a large amount of the dewatered sludge is charged, the combustion state in the incinerator becomes poor, so that sludge for supplying a required amount of nitrogen may not be charged.
  • a nitrogen compound is added to waste and sludge on a drying zone in an incinerator to replenish insufficient nitrogen.
  • the third embodiment is directed to a method of incinerating waste by an incinerator equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator, in which the waste is charged into an incinerator and burned, and the waste is discharged to an area of the freeboard section before the secondary combustion.
  • a burning method of waste characterized in that blowing nitrogen compound 3 addition, in this embodiment, the secondary combustion front area of the free board section, the upper end of the fluidized bed Area from the part to the position where the secondary combustion air is blown.
  • Waste charged to a fluidized bed incinerator burns in a fluidized bed, but dioxins are likely to be generated, especially in the initial combustion stage where the charged waste dries and then burns It has become. For this reason, dioxins are easily generated even in the area before the secondary combustion air is blown in the freeboard section where the combustion gas generated in the fluidized bed rises. Therefore, if a nitrogen compound is added to this area, the amount of dioxins produced can be reduced.
  • the fourth embodiment is the waste incineration method according to the third embodiment, wherein sludge is charged together with waste into an incinerator.
  • the fifth embodiment is directed to a waste incineration facility equipped with a grate incinerator, wherein a nitrogen compound addition means for supplying a nitrogen compound to a drying zone in the incinerator is provided. It is.
  • the nitrogen compound can be supplied to the dry zone where the generation of dioxins is started, the amount of dioxins generated in the dry zone and the combustion zone can be reduced.
  • the sixth embodiment is directed to a waste incinerator equipped with a grate incinerator, which is provided with a means for supplying sludge to the incinerator and a nitrogen compound adding means for supplying a nitrogen compound to a drying zone in the incinerator.
  • This is a waste incineration facility characterized by the following.
  • sludge can be charged together with the waste, and the waste and the sludge can be incinerated together, so that equipment and operating costs can be reduced, and the effect of suppressing the production of tayoxins is reduced. Is obtained.
  • nitrogen compounds can be supplied to the drying zone in the incinerator, the shortage of nitrogen contained in sludge can be replenished.
  • the seventh embodiment is directed to a waste incinerator equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator, wherein the incinerator A waste incineration facility characterized in that nitrogen compound addition means for blowing nitrogen compounds into the area before the secondary combustion of the freeboard section in the above is provided.
  • the nitrogen compound can be supplied to the area of the free board section before the secondary combustion, the amount of dioxins generated after the freeboard section can be reduced.
  • the eighth embodiment is directed to a waste incinerator equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator, a means for supplying sludge to the incinerator, and a nitrogen injecting nitrogen compound into an area of the incinerator before the secondary combustion in the freeboard section.
  • Waste incineration equipment characterized by compound addition means.
  • the sludge can be charged into the incinerator, and the nitrogen compound can be blown into the area before the secondary combustion in the freeboard section.
  • the amount of dioxins produced can be reduced.
  • sludge refers to sewage sludge, human waste sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is treated with activated sludge, sludge generated when solid-liquid separation of organic wastewater, and closed water area. It refers to sludge generated when rivers are dredged.
  • the nitrogen compound refers to an organic compound or an inorganic compound containing nitrogen.
  • Specific examples of preferred nitrogen compounds include inexpensive compounds such as ammonia and urea.
  • Nitrogen compounds can be used in the form of gas, liquid, solid, or aqueous solution, but an appropriate form is selected depending on the location to be added.
  • FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • the incineration equipment shown in this figure is equipped with a grate incinerator, where 7 10 is a grate incinerator and 7 11 is a waste disposal system for loading municipal waste and other waste into the furnace.
  • Product hopper 715 is an exhaust gas treatment process.
  • the exhaust gas treatment process 715 performs gas cooling using a boiler, gas cooler, etc., acid gas removal treatment, dust collection treatment, and the like.
  • 760 indicates waste such as municipal solid waste.
  • drying stage grate 7 1 3 a, a combustion stage grate 7 13 b and a post-combustion stage grate 7 13 c are provided in a stepwise manner.
  • the combustion chamber is mainly sent to the area where the loaded waste 60 is dried (dry zone), the area where the dried waste is burned (burn zone), and the combustion state is sent. It is divided into an area where post-combustion is performed to incinerate (post-combustion zone).
  • the nitrogen compound addition means 7500 is a storage tank 751 of an aqueous solution of urea, a kind of nitrogen compound, a urea supply pump 752, a urea mist, and a urea 753.
  • the urea spray nozzle 753 is provided above the drying stage grate 713a through the furnace wall of the incinerator 710. Further, a plurality of urea spray nozzles 753 are arranged as necessary, so that the urea aqueous solution is sprayed over the entire width of the drying stage grate 713a.
  • the waste put into the waste hopper 711 is sent to the drying stage grate 7 13 a in the combustion chamber, and the urea spray nozzle 7 The urea solution is sprayed from 53.
  • the charged waste is conveyed on each of the above-mentioned grate, ashed through each process of drying, combustion, and post-combustion, and discharged.
  • the drying stage grate 7 13 a dry zone
  • the combustion stage grate 7 13 b combustion zone
  • combustion is performed in a state of lack of oxygen.
  • the drying stage grate 7 13 a (dry zone)
  • the urea added to the waste is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group, thereby suppressing the progress of the dioxin formation reaction.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 7 14 In the process, air is blown and a process of burning combustible gas is performed.
  • the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 714 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment step 715, where it is cooled, harmful gas removed, and dust-removed, and then emitted from the chimney 716. .
  • urea is added to waste and incinerated as described above, the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator is reduced, and the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same components as in Fig. 23 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. 3
  • reference numeral 74 denotes a sludge feeder.
  • the waste and sludge put into the waste hopper 711 are sent to the drying stage grate 7 13 a in the combustion chamber, and the urea spray A urea aqueous solution is sprayed from 53.
  • the incinerator 712 waste and sludge are ashed and discharged through drying, burning, and post-combustion processes.
  • the nitrogen compounds in the sludge charged together with the waste and the urea added in the furnace are thermally decomposed to produce ammonia.
  • the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 712 is discharged from the chimney 716 after secondary combustion, gas cooling, harmful gas removal, and dust removal as in the case of the equipment shown in Fig. 23. Dissipated.
  • FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the incinerator shown in this figure is equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator, 720 is a fluidized bed incinerator, and 730 is a waste feeder.
  • 7 2 6 is gas from boiler, gas cooler etc. This is an exhaust gas treatment process that performs cooling, acid gas removal treatment, dust removal treatment, and the like.
  • the inside of the fluidized bed incinerator 720 is divided into a fluidized bed section 723 in which a fluidized bed is formed by air supplied to the wind box 721 during operation, and a freeboard section 724 above it.
  • the freeboard section 724 is provided with a secondary combustion air blowing nozzle 725.
  • a nitrogen compound adding means 7500 for blowing a nitrogen compound into a free board section 724 of the incinerator is provided.
  • the nitrogen compound adding means 750 is configured to include a storage tank 751 of an aqueous urea solution, a urea supply pump 752, and a urine atomizing nozzle 753.
  • the urea spray nozzles 753 are mounted at a level lower than the position where the air blowing nozzles 752 are provided, so that the urea aqueous solution is blown into the combustion exhaust gas in the incomplete combustion state.
  • waste is charged from the waste feeder 730 to the incinerator 720, and the loaded waste is dried in the fluidized bed 723.
  • the temperature rises while burning. Since the amount of air blown into the fluidized bed 72 3 is suppressed, dioxins are generated in the conventional technology even in the freeboard section 724 where the flue gas generated in the fluidized bed 72 3 rises. It is in an easy combustion state.
  • the injected urea is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group, and the production of dioxins is suppressed.
  • the flue gas discharged from the incinerator 720 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment process 726, where it is cooled, harmful gas removed, and dust-removed, and then emitted from the chimney 727.
  • FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of the embodiment of the present embodiment is one provided with a fluidized bed incinerator. 26, the same components as those in FIG. 25 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • a sludge supply means is provided so that sludge and waste can be put into the incinerator 720.
  • 740 is a sludge feeder.
  • waste is charged into the incinerator 720 from the waste feeder 730, and sludge is charged from the sludge feeder 740.
  • the charged waste and sludge are heated in the fluidized bed 723 while being heated and burned.
  • dioxins are easily generated in the conventional technology.
  • the formation of dioxins in the fluidized bed 723 is suppressed by nitrogen compounds generated by the thermal decomposition of sludge.
  • the urea aqueous solution is sprayed from the urea spray 735 onto the combustion exhaust gas rising from the fluidized bed 723.
  • the nitrogen compounds generated by the thermal decomposition of the urea blown in suppress the production of dioxins in the freeboard section 724 and thereafter.
  • sludge is charged into the incinerator, and nitrogen compounds are blown into the area before the secondary combustion in the freeboard section, thereby producing dioxins in the fluidized bed and the freeboard section. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas can be significantly reduced.
  • FIGS. 23 and 24 of the grate-type incinerators, those with a staircase structure are shown, but this embodiment does not apply only to those with a staircase structure. However, it is applicable as long as the furnace has a part with the function of a drying zone.
  • the state of adding the urea which is a nitrogen compound in the equipment shown in FIGS. 23 to 25 is an aqueous solution.
  • the state of the nitrogen compound when the urea is added is described. It is not limited to an aqueous solution.
  • powders such as urea may be used when added to waste on the drying zone, and when gas is blown into the freeboard part of fluidized bed incinerators, ammonia gas is used. There may be.
  • the concentration of dioxins in the flue gas was measured.
  • the average value of dioxins 2,3,7,8—the equivalent equivalent concentration of TCDD toxicity was calculated by incineration of municipal solid waste only. The value was about 20% lower than the value when only treatment was performed.
  • waste or waste and sludge sent to the drying zone in the incinerator Since the nitrogen compound is added and the sludge and the added nitrogen compound are thermally decomposed to generate a substance that suppresses the generation of dioxins, the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator can be significantly reduced.
  • the waste incineration equipment provided with a device for supplying a nitrogen compound makes it possible to supply the nitrogen compound to be added to the waste, and the above-mentioned effects are obtained. Best mode 1 3
  • the nitrogen compounds as described above which are the thermal decomposition products of sludge, suppress the formation of dioxins during waste incineration. Further, it was found that the generation of dioxins was suppressed.In this embodiment, the generation of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator was also examined, and as described below, the generation of dioxins was suppressed. I found a way to do it. In the flue gas flow path, certain components in the fly ash are used as catalysts to promote the reaction between unburned aromatic compounds and chlorine to produce dioxins.
  • the temperature range in which dioxins are easily produced is from 200 to 800 ° C.
  • the blown nitrogen compounds are consumed in the NOx reduction reaction, and the formation of dioxins is suppressed.
  • the temperature of the flue gas needs to be 700 ° C. or less, preferably about 650 ° C. or less.
  • the injection location of the nitrogen compound in the present invention is limited to the location of the exhaust gas flow path where the combustion exhaust gas is cooled to 65 ° C. or less.
  • a facility equipped with a boiler if nitrogen compounds are blown into an appropriate part of the boiler cooled to below 65 ° C or into an exhaust gas channel at the boiler outlet, W
  • the dioxins in the incinerator and the flue gas flow path are placed in the incinerator and the flue gas flow path by charging a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the waste and the flue gas to be charged into the incinerator. Generation is suppressed. Therefore, dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas can be significantly reduced.
  • the nitrogen compound is injected into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas by selecting a location at which the nitrogen compound acts efficiently at a temperature of less than 650 mm, it is possible to efficiently suppress the generation of dioxins. it can.
  • the second form is a waste characterized by charging sludge together with waste into an incinerator and injecting nitrogen compounds into the exhaust gas flow path through which combustion exhaust gas at 65 ° C or lower flows. This is the incineration method.
  • sludge is incinerated together with waste.
  • the sludge incineration has an effect of suppressing the production of dioxins by the nitrogen compounds generated from the sludge.
  • the generation of dioxins in the incinerator and the flue gas passage is suppressed.
  • waste and sludge are generally incinerated separately using dedicated incinerators, however, by incinerating waste and sludge together, there is the advantage that facility and operating costs can be further reduced. Can be enjoyed.
  • a third form is the waste incineration method according to claim 2, wherein a nitrogen compound is added to the waste and / or sludge when the waste and sludge are charged into the incinerator.
  • nitrogen compounds are added to the waste and / or sludge before charging into the incinerator.
  • sludge such as sewage sludge to be incinerated
  • it is a clay-like substance containing an extremely large amount of water (65 to 90 wt%).
  • the combustion condition in the incinerator becomes poor. For this reason, it may not be possible to charge sludge to supply the required amount of nitrogen.
  • the dioxins generated in the incinerator are maintained while maintaining the normal combustion state by separately adding a nitrogen compound to supplement the insufficient nitrogen content. It can be greatly reduced. Also, if waste and sludge are co-fired in a waste incineration facility, the above-mentioned cost saving benefits will be realized.
  • the fourth mode is a waste incineration facility equipped with a boiler for heat recovery of the exhaust gas after the secondary combustion, wherein a means for adding a nitrogen compound to the waste to be charged into the incinerator is provided, and the combustion at the boiler outlet is performed.
  • This is a waste incineration facility characterized in that a means for injecting nitrogen compounds is provided in the exhaust gas passage.
  • the boiler outlet may reduce the production of dioxins in the incinerator Since it is provided in the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas, the nitrogen compound can be blown into a portion at a temperature of 65 ° C. or less where dioxins are efficiently suppressed. As a result, the amount of dioxins generated in the flue gas passage can be efficiently reduced.
  • the fifth mode is a waste incineration facility equipped with a gas cooler for cooling exhaust gas after secondary combustion, in which a means for adding a nitrogen compound to waste to be charged into an incinerator is provided, and an outlet for the gas cooler is provided.
  • This is a waste incineration facility characterized by the provision of means for injecting nitrogen compounds into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas.
  • a nitrogen compound can be added to the waste, and the generation of dioxins can be efficiently suppressed.
  • a nitrogen compound can be blown into the mouth. Therefore, the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator and the flue gas channel can be reduced efficiently.
  • the sixth mode is that in the waste incineration equipment according to the fourth mode or the fifth mode, sludge is charged into the incinerator instead of the means for adding a nitrogen compound to the waste charged into the incinerator.
  • This is a waste incineration facility characterized by being provided with means for performing incineration.
  • sludge is charged into the incinerator instead of the nitrogen compound, so that the production of dioxins in the incinerator is suppressed by incineration of the sludge, and the same as in the fourth or fifth aspect. The effect is obtained.
  • a seventh aspect is a waste incineration facility according to the sixth aspect, characterized in that a means for adding a nitrogen compound is added to the sludge charging means.
  • a nitrogen compound when sludge is charged, a nitrogen compound can be added and charged.Therefore, when the nitrogen content in the sludge to be charged alone is not enough to suppress the generation of dioxins, Nitrogen to be charged to the incinerator can be supplemented.
  • the flue gas flow path refers to a device, such as a heat recovery device, a gas cooling device, or an exhaust gas treatment device, through which the flue gas after the secondary combustion flows flows, and a connection between these devices.
  • Shall refer to the flue that
  • sludge includes sewage sludge, human sludge, sludge generated when organic wastewater is treated with activated sludge, sludge generated when solid-liquid separation of wastewater containing organic matter, and dredging of rivers in closed water areas
  • the nitrogen compound refers to an organic compound or an inorganic compound containing nitrogen. Specific examples of preferred nitrogen compounds include inexpensive compounds such as ammonia and urea. Nitrogen compounds are gases, liquids, solids
  • aqueous solution or an aqueous solution.
  • FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • the incinerator shown in this figure is equipped with a grate incinerator.
  • the incinerator shown in this figure has a boiler.
  • 810 is a grate-type incinerator
  • 811 is a waste hotpot for charging municipal waste and other waste 880 into the furnace
  • 815 is The boiler
  • 8 16 is a dust collector such as a bag filter.
  • a nitrogen compound adding means 850 for adding a nitrogen compound to waste charged into the incinerator 8100 is provided.
  • the nitrogen compound adding means 850 has a storage tank 851 for an aqueous solution of urea which is a kind of nitrogen compound, a urea supply pump 852, and a urea atomizing nozzle 853.
  • a nitrogen compound blowing means 870 for blowing a nitrogen compound into the flue gas passage is provided.
  • the nitrogen compound blowing means 870 has a configuration including an ammonia gas holder 871, a flow controller 872, and a nozzle and a spray nozzle not shown.
  • the ammonia gas spray nozzle is introduced into the flue gas passage at the outlet of the boiler 815.
  • the combustion chamber 8 1 2 of the incinerator is provided with a drying stage grate 8 13 a, a combustion stage grate 8 13 b, and a post-combustion stage grate 8 13 c, each having a transfer function, in a stepwise manner. I have.
  • the interior of the combustion chamber 812 is mainly composed of an area for drying the charged waste 880 (dry zone), an area for burning the dried waste (combustion zone), and a state of combustion. It is divided into an area where post-burning is performed, which incinerates what is sent (post-burning zone).
  • the waste is injected into the waste hopper 811 and the urea aqueous solution is sprayed from the urea spray nozzle 853 onto the waste.
  • the waste to which urea is added is sent from the waste hopper 811 into the combustion chamber 812.
  • the charged waste is conveyed on the above-mentioned grate, is incinerated through drying, burning, and post-burning processes, and is discharged.
  • the drying stage grate 813a dry zone
  • the combustion stage grate 813b combustion zone
  • the aromatic compound and chlorine Dioxins are likely to be produced due to the reaction, but in this embodiment, urea added to the waste is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group. Therefore, the production reaction of the dioxins is suppressed. Since the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 8 1 2 contains the combustible gas generated in the drying stage grate 8 13 a and part of the combustion stage grate 8 13 b, the secondary combustion chamber 8 In 14, the secondary combustion process for burning the combustible gas is performed by blowing air.
  • the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 814 is recovered by heat in the boiler 815, cooled to about 200 to 300C, sent to a dust collector, subjected to dust removal processing, and released to the atmosphere. Is done. At this time, ammonia gas is blown from the nitrogen compound blowing means 870 to the combustion exhaust gas flow path at the outlet of the boiler 815. The injection of ammonia gas reduces dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator and the exhaust gas channel can be reduced by charging the incinerator with the nitrogen compound in the exhaust gas channel.
  • FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • a sludge supply means is provided as an incidental facility of the incinerator, so that sludge can be put into the waste hopper 811 together with the waste.
  • 840 is a sludge feeder.
  • a nitrogen compound blowing means 870 for blowing a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is provided.
  • the waste and sludge fed into the waste hopper 811 are sent into the combustion chamber 812.
  • the incinerator 8 12 waste and sludge are ashed and discharged through the drying, burning, and post-combustion processes.
  • the nitrogen-containing component in the sludge charged together with the waste is thermally decomposed and contains ammonia (NH 3 ) and NH 2 groups. And the like, and the formation reaction of the dioxins is suppressed. For this reason, the content of dioxins in the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 8 12 decreases.
  • the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 8 12 is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 8 14 as in the case of the equipment shown in Fig. 27, and is released to the atmosphere through the boiler 8 15 and the dust collector 8 16. You. At this time, ammonia gas is blown from the nitrogen compound blowing means 870 into the combustion exhaust gas flow path at the outlet of the boiler 815. The injection of ammonia gas reduces dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • sludge is charged together with waste into the incinerator, and nitrogen compounds are blown into the exhaust gas channel, thereby suppressing the generation of dioxins in the incinerator and the exhaust gas channel.
  • FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • the same components as those in FIG. 27 or FIG. 28 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • a sludge feeder 840 is provided with a nitrogen compound adding means 860 for adding a nitrogen compound.
  • the nitrogen compound adding means 860 is configured to include a hopper 861 for storing urea powder and a urea feeder 862.
  • a nitrogen compound blowing means 870 for blowing a nitrogen compound into the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is provided.
  • the waste is put into the waste hopper 811 and the sludge is supplied from the sludge feeder 840.
  • urea powder is supplied from the urea feeder 862 to the sludge feeder 84, and the sludge mixed with the urea is fed into the waste hopper 811.
  • the sludge and waste to which urea has been added are sent into the combustion chamber 8 12.
  • waste and sludge are ashed through drying, combustion, and post-combustion processes and discharged.
  • the nitrogen-containing component in the sludge charged together with the waste and the separately added urea are thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or NH 2 Generates compounds with group
  • the production reaction of the dioxins is suppressed. For this reason, the content of dioxins in the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 12 is greatly reduced.
  • the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 8 12 is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 8 14 and discharged to the atmosphere through the boiler 8 15 and the dust collector 8 16 as in the case of the equipment shown in Fig. 27. .
  • ammonia gas is blown from the nitrogen compound blowing means 870 to the combustion exhaust gas flow path at the outlet of the boiler 815.
  • the injection of ammonia gas reduces dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • urea is added when sludge is charged into the incinerator, and the nitrogen content to be charged into the incinerator 810 is increased to further reduce dioxins generated in the incinerator. be able to.
  • FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example according to the embodiment of the present mode.
  • the incinerator shown in this figure is equipped with a fluidized bed incinerator.
  • 820 is a fluidized bed incinerator
  • 830 is a waste feeder
  • 840 is a sludge feeder.
  • 825 is a gas cooler that sprays water onto the combustion exhaust gas to cool it directly
  • 826 is a dust collector.
  • the inside of the fluidized bed incinerator 820 is divided into a fluidized bed section 823 where a fluidized bed is formed by air blown from the wind box 821 during operation, and a free board section 824 above it. Is to be done.
  • the freeboard section 824 is provided with a nozzle for blowing air for secondary combustion.
  • the nitrogen compound injecting means 8700 has a structure including an ammonia gas holder 871, a flow controller 872, and a spray nozzle (not shown).
  • the ammonia gas spray nozzle is introduced into the flue gas flow path at the outlet of the gas cooler 1825.
  • waste is charged from the waste feeder 8330 to the incinerator 820, and sludge is charged from the sludge feeder 840.
  • the waste and sludge charged are heated in the fluidized bed while being dried and burned.
  • dioxins are originally generated in the conventional technology. It is in an easy combustion state.
  • the nitrogen-containing component in the sludge charged together with the waste is thermally decomposed to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) or a compound having an NH 2 group. The formation reaction is suppressed.
  • the free board section 8 24 A secondary combustion process for burning the reactive gas is performed.
  • the flue gas discharged from the incinerator 820 is cooled to about 200 to 400 ° C by the gas cooler 225, sent to the dust collector 826, subjected to dust removal processing, and then released to the atmosphere. .
  • ammonia gas is blown from the nitrogen compound blowing means 870 into the flue gas flow path at the outlet of the boiler gas cooler 825. The injection of ammonia gas reduces the amount of dioxins generated in the flue gas flow path.
  • FIGS. 27 to 30 show waste incineration equipment equipped with a grate incinerator or a fluidized bed incinerator
  • the incinerators to which this embodiment can be applied are the above two types.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a kiln type.
  • FIGS. 27 to 30 show a grate-type incinerator having a structure in which the grate is arranged stepwise, but this embodiment is suitable only for a structure in which the structure is stepwise. It does not mean that it can be used as long as it has a part with a drying zone function inside the furnace.
  • the spray nozzles of the nitrogen compound blowing means 870 provided in the exhaust gas treatment step are inserted into the outlet of the boiler 815, and the nitrogen compound is blown into the outlet of the boiler 815.
  • the nitrogen compound injection location is not necessarily limited to the boiler outlet.
  • the location where the nitrogen compound is injected is not necessarily limited to the outlet of the gas cooler.
  • the point of injection of the nitrogen compound is not necessarily limited to the outlet of the boiler or gas cooler. However, it may be blown into an appropriate place of a boiler cooled to below 65 ° C. or into a gas cooler.
  • urea to be added to the incineration before being charged into the incinerator is added to the waste in the form of an aqueous solution, and in the equipment shown in Fig. 29, the urea is converted to sludge in the form of a powder.
  • the state of the nitrogen compound at the time of addition is not limited. When adding nitrogen compounds to wastes, it is better to add them as an aqueous solution and attach them to the wastes in order to distribute a small amount of nitrogen compounds as evenly as possible in large volumes of large amounts of wastes. . When adding a nitrogen compound to sludge, it is desirable to add it in a powder state in order to reduce the water content of the charge.
  • the nitrogen compound blown into the exhaust gas passage is ammonia gas, but the nitrogen compound blown into the exhaust gas passage is not limited to a gaseous state. It may be an aqueous solution such as ammonia or urea upsilon (example 1)
  • sludge and nitrogen compounds are charged into an incinerator together with waste and incinerated, and nitrogen compounds are generated by thermally decomposing nitrogen-containing components to suppress generation of dioxins. Since the nitrogen compound is blown into the flue gas flow passage, the amount of dioxins generated in the incinerator and in the flue gas flow passage can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, since the nitrogen compound is blown into the flue gas passage at a place where the temperature of the flue gas is lower than or equal to 650 ° C., the denitration reaction hardly occurs, and the generation of dioxins is efficiently suppressed.
  • dioxins are produced by using a waste incineration system equipped with a device for charging sludge and nitrogen compounds into the incinerator and a nitrogen compound injection device at the outlet of the boiler or gas cooler. Sludge and nitrogen compounds can be introduced into the incinerator, and nitrogen compounds can be blown into the flue gas flow passage at locations where dioxins generation is efficiently suppressed. The above effects are obtained. Best mode 1 4
  • the present embodiment relates to a waste incineration method and apparatus capable of efficiently reducing dioxins in a waste incineration system that incinerates refuse in an incinerator, treats generated exhaust gas, and releases the waste gas to the atmosphere.
  • Figure 35 shows the system configuration of the waste incineration system.
  • reference numeral 90 1 denotes an incinerator having a waste supply hopper 9 O la
  • reference numeral 90 2 denotes a temperature reduction facility comprising, for example, a cooling tower, a boiler, a heat exchanger, etc.
  • Exhaust gas treatment equipment that removes acidic gases such as HC1 and SOX from exhaust gas that has been cooled in 02
  • 904 is an electric dust collector
  • 905 is an induction fan
  • 906 is a chimney
  • the waste put into the incinerator by a crane from the waste pit The waste is dried and burned in the incinerator 901, and the unburned matter is completely burned. After combustion, the flue gas is discharged out of the furnace, and then discharged from the chimney 906 via the desuperheater 902, the exhaust gas treatment facility 903, the electric dust collector 904, and the chimney 906.
  • the electrostatic precipitator 904 is characterized by being capable of collecting fine particles without being affected by the properties of gas and dust.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace outlet of the incinerator 901 passes through the temperature reduction facility 902 9 In most cases, it is installed in an electric dust collector 904 and dust is collected.
  • the temperature before and after the temperature of 300 is a temperature at which dioxin is likely to be generated. If the flue gas passes through an electrostatic precipitator at around 300 ° C, the concentration of dioxin increases, and the temperature of the chimney stack increases. There is a problem that is discharged from the.
  • the technical problem of this embodiment is that by introducing a relatively simple apparatus, the combustion state of incinerator ⁇ is kept constant, the concentration of dioxins in the incinerator is reduced, and the dioxin is also used in the electric precipitator. It is possible to suppress the generation of
  • the waste incineration method includes an incinerator, a temperature reducing facility, an exhaust gas treatment facility, an electric dust collector, an inducing fan, and a waste incineration system connected in series via a chimney.
  • a dust collector inlet temperature control device was installed to control the operation of the electric dust collector at 230 ° C or less while mixing sludge when incinerating waste. Things.
  • a temperature sensor that detects exhaust gas temperature is installed at the entrance of the electric dust collector, and the temperature reduction equipment is controlled so that the temperature of the dust collector inlet temperature is 230 ° C or less. .
  • FIG. Fig. 33 shows the system of the waste incinerator according to this embodiment. It is a system configuration diagram, in which the same parts as those in the above-described conventional example (FIG. 35) are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the waste incinerator includes a newly provided sludge supply hopper 9101 b as well as a waste supply hopper 9101 a in the incinerator 901, and an inlet portion of the electric dust collector 9104.
  • a temperature sensor 7 for detecting the exhaust gas temperature, further, when the detected location of the temperature sensor 9 0 7 exceeds 2 3 0 ° C, or the detection value of the temperature sensor 9 0 7 2 3 0;: C
  • the temperature reduction device 902 is controlled to increase the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas so that the electric precipitator 904 can be operated at 230 3 ⁇ 4 or less.
  • a dust collector inlet temperature control device 908 is provided.
  • the cooling device 902 here consists of a cooling tower that reduces the gas temperature by passing high-temperature exhaust gas through a water spray atmosphere, and the water spray increases from the dust collector inlet temperature control device 908. When a command is issued, the amount of water spray is increased.
  • a method of incinerating waste using this embodiment will be described while further describing this.
  • waste is transported from the garbage pit by a crane and put into the incinerator 901 from the supply hopper 90 la, and from the sludge supply hopper 90 1 b, for example, generated in the sewage treatment process etc. Add organic sludge. Sludge and waste put into the incinerator 901 are dried in the furnace, ignited and co-fired, and the exhaust gas is sent downstream from the furnace outlet. This results in a lower dioxin concentration than when only waste is incinerated.
  • FIG. 34 is a graph showing this finding obtained by the inventors' experimental research. This shows the relationship between the dioxin increase rate between the inlet and outlet of the electric dust collector 904. It is rough, and the vertical axis shows the dioxin increase rate and the horizontal axis shows the inlet temperature of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas is monitored by the temperature sensor 7 installed at the inlet of the electric precipitator and the temperature control device 8 at the precipitator, and the detected value of the temperature sensor 7 is 230.
  • the temperature decreasing facility 9 0 2 from dust collector inlet temperature controller 9 0 8 On the other hand, it outputs the water mist addition command, increases the amount of water spray of the temperature reduction equipment 902, and increases the degree of temperature reduction of the high-temperature exhaust gas, thereby increasing the temperature of the electric precipitator 4 during operation.
  • the dioxins can be reduced by controlling the temperature of the dioxins to 230 ° C or lower, and the synergistic effect of this effect and the dioxin substance reduction effect by the supply of sludge makes the dioxin concentration more efficient. Can be reduced.
  • the detection value of the temperature sensor 907 may be incorporated as one of the operation parameters.
  • the fine particles are collected and removed by the electrostatic precipitator 904, and the clean air is released to the atmosphere from the chimney 906.
  • a waste incineration system in which an incinerator, a temperature reducing facility, an exhaust gas treatment facility, an electric dust collector, an induction fan, and a chimney are connected in series via a stack At the time of incineration of waste, sludge is mixed and W
  • the waste incineration method and apparatus according to the present invention can be used in a grate incinerator or a fluidized bed incinerator to produce waste, sludge, plastics, refuse solid fuel, and sulfur-containing material.
  • combustion control based on the SOx concentration, and furthermore, the generation of nitrogen compounds has the effect of suppressing the production of dioxins.
  • the industrial effect is extremely large. It is.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'incinération des déchets assurant l'incinération de déchets tels que les déchets d'une agglomération, dans un four d'incinération à grille, à lit fluidisé etc. tout en empêchant la concentration de dioxines. Ce procédé et ce dispositif sont caractérisé par la mise en application de la constatation que le composant S ou les nitrures présents dans les boues empêchent la formation de dioxines, et par une incinération mixte, dans une installation d'incinération de déchets, de déchets, de boues, de combustible solide, de plastique etc. La température des gaz de combustion et la concentration de SOx après la combustion mixte sont en outre régulées ce qui permet de réduire la formation de dioxines.
PCT/JP1999/006481 1998-11-24 1999-11-19 Procede et dispositif d'incineration de dechets WO2000031470A1 (fr)

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KR1020007007418A KR20010033858A (ko) 1998-11-24 1999-11-19 폐기물 소각방법 및 그 장치
GB0015728A GB2348270B (en) 1998-11-24 1999-11-19 Waste incineration method and device therefor

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JP10332351A JP2000161636A (ja) 1998-11-24 1998-11-24 廃棄物焼却方法
JP10/332349 1998-11-24
JP10/332350 1998-11-24
JP10332350A JP2000161635A (ja) 1998-11-24 1998-11-24 廃棄物の焼却方法
JP10/332351 1998-11-24
JP10332349A JP2000161634A (ja) 1998-11-24 1998-11-24 廃棄物の焼却方法
JP11/96515 1999-04-02
JP11/96514 1999-04-02
JP11096514A JP2000291935A (ja) 1999-04-02 1999-04-02 廃棄物の処理方法および処理装置
JP9651599A JP2000291923A (ja) 1999-04-02 1999-04-02 廃棄物の処理方法および処理装置
JP9772899A JP2000291930A (ja) 1999-04-05 1999-04-05 廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置
JP9773199A JP2000291922A (ja) 1999-04-05 1999-04-05 廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置
JP11/97731 1999-04-05
JP11/97729 1999-04-05
JP11097729A JP2000291931A (ja) 1999-04-05 1999-04-05 廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置
JP11/97730 1999-04-05
JP11/97728 1999-04-05
JP11097730A JP2000291932A (ja) 1999-04-05 1999-04-05 ごみ固形燃料の処理方法及びその装置
JP11153688A JP2000346329A (ja) 1999-06-01 1999-06-01 廃棄物処理方法および装置
JP11/153688 1999-06-01
JP11/169862 1999-06-16
JP16986499 1999-06-16
JP16986599A JP2000356339A (ja) 1999-06-16 1999-06-16 廃棄物の焼却方法及びその設備
JP11/169864 1999-06-16
JP11/169863 1999-06-16
JP11169862A JP2000356329A (ja) 1999-06-16 1999-06-16 廃棄物の焼却方法及びその設備
JP11169863A JP2000356328A (ja) 1999-06-16 1999-06-16 廃棄物の焼却方法及びその設備
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US7513371B2 (en) 2004-03-22 2009-04-07 E.E.R. Environmental Energy Resources (Israel) Ltd. System for controlling the level of potential pollutants in a waste treatment plant
WO2015058409A1 (fr) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 车战斌 Procédé de combustion de combustible solide et brûleur associé
CN110240355A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-17 浙江欣源企业管理有限公司 一种垃圾渗滤液处理方法及其装置
CN111023112A (zh) * 2019-10-23 2020-04-17 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 一种二噁英抑制剂自适应投加系统及方法

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EP1726876B1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2015-05-06 Takuma Co., Ltd. Méthode améliorée pour la combustion des déchets solides
KR100733942B1 (ko) * 2006-01-10 2007-06-29 한국과학기술연구원 폐기물과 슬러지의 소각 장치 및 소각방법
EP2832703B1 (fr) * 2012-03-30 2021-03-24 Metawater Co., Ltd. Procédé de traitement et dispositif de traitement d'un déchet organique et dispositif de commande
FR2989597B1 (fr) * 2012-04-19 2014-11-28 Degremont Procede de denitrification des fumees produites par un four de combustion, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

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US7513371B2 (en) 2004-03-22 2009-04-07 E.E.R. Environmental Energy Resources (Israel) Ltd. System for controlling the level of potential pollutants in a waste treatment plant
WO2015058409A1 (fr) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 车战斌 Procédé de combustion de combustible solide et brûleur associé
CN110240355A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-17 浙江欣源企业管理有限公司 一种垃圾渗滤液处理方法及其装置
CN110240355B (zh) * 2019-05-30 2022-02-11 浙江欣源企业管理有限公司 一种垃圾渗滤液处理方法及其装置
CN111023112A (zh) * 2019-10-23 2020-04-17 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 一种二噁英抑制剂自适应投加系统及方法

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