WO2000016428A1 - Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000016428A1 WO2000016428A1 PCT/US1999/020771 US9920771W WO0016428A1 WO 2000016428 A1 WO2000016428 A1 WO 2000016428A1 US 9920771 W US9920771 W US 9920771W WO 0016428 A1 WO0016428 A1 WO 0016428A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current
- frequency
- periodic
- battery
- signal
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 claims 12
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S320/00—Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging
- Y10S320/12—Precharging analysis, e.g. determining presence of battery
Definitions
- Impedance is a complex quantity. As such, it has two components: either magnitude and phase, or real and imaginary parts (i.e., resistance and reactance) . These alternative forms of a complex quantity are equivalent.
- Publication W093/22666 teaches a method for measuring complex impedance of batteries in service.
- the apparatus he discloses is an FFT-based commercial signal analyzer (HP 3562A) and the disclosed method uses existing battery currents as excitation -- currents that may not contain the frequency or frequencies desired.
- a periodic time-varying current excites a cell/battery and provides a timing reference.
- This current excitation need not be sinusoidal but need only be periodic with its smallest period equal to 1/f ⁇ , where fi is the desired measurement frequency.
- Linear circuitry senses two signals, one proportional to the time-varying excitation current, the other proportional to the responding time-varying component of battery voltage. The two signals are processed with identical frequency-limiting filters to attenuate higher-order harmonics and noise.
- a microprocessor or microcontroller commands analog to digital converters to sample the frequency-limited current and voltage signals at evenly spaced times over a period of the excitation and accepts the digitized samples as inputs.
- the microprocessor/microcontroller combines the four averaged Fourier coefficients numerically to evaluate real and imaginary parts of the cell/battery's complex impedance at frequency f 1 .
- the disclosed method and apparatus are quite inexpensively implemented and give very accurate results under typical field conditions -- even under conditions of extreme electrical noise.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the basic elements employed to determine . complex impedance of a cell or battery in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2a is a waveform plot of a simple excitation current i(t) of FIG. 1 showing a dc component I 0 and a sinusoidally-varying ac component
- FIG. 2b is a waveform plot of the ac response v(t) showing a sinusoidally-varying ac component ⁇ V k sin(2 ⁇ f k t + ⁇ k ) .
- FIG. 2c is a plot of an alternative representation of v(t) showing a sinusoidally-varying ac component ⁇ V' k sin(2 ⁇ f k t) that is in time-phase with the ac component of i(t) and a sinusoidally-varying ac component ⁇ V" k cos(2 ⁇ f k t) that is 90 degrees out of time- phase with the ac component of i(t) .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a small-signal equivalent circuit model of a particular 12 -volt automotive battery rated 800 cold-cranking amps .
- FIG. 4a is a waveform plot of the current of the battery depicted in FIG. 3 when it is subjected to a two ampere load current that is periodically switched "on” and “off” at a 10 Hz rate.
- FIG. 4b is a waveform plot of the battery's time-varying voltage response to the current excitation depicted in FIG. 4a.
- FIG. 5a is a waveform plot of the time- varying signal at the output of a low-pass filter whose input signal is the waveform depicted in FIG. 4a.
- FIG. 5b is a waveform plot of the time- varying signal at the output of a low-pass filter whose input signal is the waveform depicted in FIG. 4b.
- FIG. 6a is a waveform plot of the time- varying signal at the output of a band-pass filter whose input signal is the waveform depicted in FIG. 4a.
- FIG. 6b is a waveform plot of the time- varying signal at the output of a band-pass filter whose input signal is the waveform depicted in FIG. 4b.
- FIG. 7 depicts a block diagram of a first embodiment of measuring apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 8 depicts a block diagram of a second embodiment of measuring apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 9 depicts a block diagram of a particular variation of the invention embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 10 depicts a block diagram of another variation of the invention embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 11 depicts a block diagram of still another variation of the invention embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- Figure 1 discloses the basic elements employed to determine real and imaginary parts of complex impedance of an electrochemical cell or battery in accordance with the present invention.
- Current excitation and processing circuitry 5 excites a periodic time-varying current i(t) that is coupled to cell/battery 10 by current-coupling contacts A and B.
- a responding periodic time-varying voltage V 0 +v(t) across cell/battery 10 couples to voltage sensing and processing circuitry 15 through voltage-coupling contacts C and D.
- Current excitation and processing circuitry 5 and voltage sensing and processing circuitry 15 each communicate bilaterally with computation and control circuitry 20 via communication paths 25 and 30, respectively.
- Current excitation and processing circuitry 5 may comprise an oscillator or other active circuit that generates a periodic ac current signal.
- circuitry 5 may comprise circuitry for simply modulating the cell/battery's own dc discharge or charge current in a periodic manner.
- i(t) comprises a single sinusoidal ac component at the discrete frequency f k having amplitude ⁇ I k , along with a possible dc component I 0 .
- i(t) comprises a composite multi- frequency signal
- the ac term in (1) represents a single sinusoidal component of i(t) at frequency fj.
- the dc term I 0 need not be present. However, if present, positive I 0 corresponds to a modulated charging current and negative I 0 corresponds to a modulated discharging current according to the convention defined in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2b illustrates this waveform.
- the ac response voltage v(t) has amplitude ⁇ V k and differs in time- phase from the ac component of i(t) by the phase angle ⁇ k .
- equation (2) represents a single sinusoidal component of v(t) at frequency f k .
- ⁇ V' k sin(2 ⁇ f k t) is in time-phase with the ac component of i(t) .
- ⁇ V" k cos(2 ⁇ f k t) is in time- quadrature, or 90 degrees out of time-phase, with the ac component of i(t) .
- the complex impedance at frequency f is defined as
- equation (6) assumes that the ac current signal varies as sin(2 ⁇ f k t) and therefore has zero phase.
- the definition of complex impedance can be easily extended to the more general case in which both current and voltage are shifted by an arbitrary phase angle ⁇ from a reference zero-phase signal, sin(2 ⁇ f k t) .
- V' k ⁇ V k cos( ⁇ + ⁇ k ) (9)
- V" k ⁇ V k sin( ⁇ + ⁇ k ) (10)
- V' I' +V" I" R(f k ) V k l k + V k l k ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 (12 ) 1 ⁇ 1 k and
- Equations (11) , (12) , and (13) are more general than equation (6) since they permit both i(t) and v(t) to be shifted in time-phase by an arbitrary angle ⁇ .
- equation (6) shows that Z(f k ) is independent of ⁇ .
- phase shift ⁇ affects values of I' k , I" k , V' k and V" k , it has no effect on the determination of R(f k ) and X(f k ) as long as the phase shift is common to both i(t) and v(t) . As will be seen below, this fact is of fundamental importance to my invention.
- the excitation waveform also has the half -period symmetry property
- V' k and V" k are Fourier coefficients of the response voltage and are given by the integrals
- V' k -Jv(t)sin(2 ⁇ kf 1 t)dt (19)
- the Fourier coefficient integrals, equations (16), (17), (19), and (20), can be approximated by well-known numerical techniques such as the Trapezoidal Rule.
- V , , 0.5 ⁇ v(T/4)-v(3T/4) ⁇ (23)
- V" I 0.5 ⁇ v(0)-v(T/2) ⁇ (24)
- V' 0.17678 ⁇ v(T / 8) - v(5T / 8) + v(3T / 8) - v(7T / 8) ⁇ + 0.25 ⁇ v(T / 4) - v(3T / 4) ⁇
- V ⁇ 1 0.17678 ⁇ v(T/8)-v(5T/8)-v(3T/8) + v(7T/8) ⁇ +0.25 ⁇ v(0)-v(T/2) ⁇
- I ll , 0.083333 ⁇ i(T/6)-i(2T/3)-i(T/3) + i(5T/6) ⁇
- V , 0.083333 ⁇ v(T / 12) - v(7T / 12) + v(5T / 12) - v(l IT / 12) ⁇
- V 0.083333 ⁇ v(T/6)-v(2T/3)-v(T/3) + v(5T/6) ⁇
- n is an integer number of periods.
- the Trapezoidal Rule numerical evaluations of equations (21) -(32) express linear relationships, the 5 order of averaging and of summing can be interchanged .
- a pure sine wave is the best choice from a sampling point of view since exact results can then be obtained with only four samples taken per period.
- pure sinusoidal excitation is not a very good choice since its implementation requires a distortion- free sine wave generator along with power- consuming linear amplification circuitry.
- a better choice of excitation from a hardware standpoint is a symmetrical square wave. This waveform can be easily generated by simply using an active device, such as a mosfet or a bipolar transistor, as a controlled switch -- turning the battery's load current, or its charging current, on and off with equal times spent in each state.
- Such a switched device dissipates virtually no power since it passes no current when it is in the "off” state and has nearly zero voltage across it when turned “on” .
- the Fourier coefficients of a symmetrical square wave are proportional to 1/k where k is the harmonic index.
- higher-order harmonics are diminished naturally when using symmetrical square wave excitation.
- a second way to improve accuracy is by using filters to attenuate higher-order harmonics.
- filters can be either of the low-pass type or of the band-pass type. Either type will attenuate higher-order harmonics and will thus increase measurement accuracy without requiring an increased number of samples per period.
- filters will also enhance noise immunity by rejecting out-of- band signals resulting from spurious currents flowing through the battery during measurement. From a noise immunity standpoint, a sharply tuned band-pass filter is generally superior to a simple low-pass filter.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram representing a small- signal equivalent circuit model of a typical 12 -volt lead-acid storage battery.
- the element values disclosed in FIG. 3 were obtained from measurements performed on an actual automotive battery rated 800 cold-cranking amperes. Using well-known formulas, one can calculate the complex impedance of the circuit of FIG. 3 at any given frequency. This impedance was calculated at 10 Hz and found to be
- Figure 4a discloses one period of a square- wave excitation current i(t) of the model of FIG. 3 resulting from periodically switching a 2 A load "on” and "off", with equal times spent in each state.
- the time-varying response voltage of the battery model to this current excitation is disclosed in FIG.4b.
- the next seven sampling times then follow at 12.5 ms intervals, or every 45°. at the fundamental frequency.
- the four fundamental frequency Fourier coefficients (i', , (l ⁇ .) , (N ⁇ ) an d (V",) were calculated from the sampled values of i(t) and v(t) shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b by using equations (25) -(28). The results are-
- FIGS. 5a and 5b Current and voltage waveforms at the outputs of the low-pass filters, i'(t) and v'(t) , are illustrated in FIGS. 5a and 5b, respectively.
- the average value of the current is again seen to be -1 A confirming the fact that the low-pass filter passes the dc component without attenuation.
- the eight sampling times indicated in each figure are the same as those disclosed in FIGS 4a and 4b.
- the four fundamental frequency Fourier coefficients, i', , l" j , ( and (V" were again calculated from the sampled current and voltage by using equations (25) -(28). The results are
- the filters were intentionally "detuned" to 10.5 Hz, thus placing the fundamental frequency f x at the lower edge of the pass-band. Each filter therefore again introduced 45° phase shift and 3 dB attenuation at frequency fi.
- FIGS. 6a and 6b Current and voltage waveforms at the outputs of the band-pass filters, i'(t) and v'(t) , are illustrated in FIGS. 6a and 6b, respectively. These waveforms appear to be sinusoids, thus indicating that the higher-order harmonics have been largely removed. The average value of the current waveform is now zero since the band-pass filter totally rejects the dc level. The eight sampling times indicated in each figure are again those disclosed in FIGS 4a and 4b.
- Figure 7 discloses a first embodiment of practical apparatus for measuring real and imaginary parts of complex impedance of cell/battery 10 according to the present invention.
- Current excitation and processing circuitry 5 of FIG. 1 comprises controlled switch 25, resistive load 30, differential voltage amplifier 35, current-signal filter 40, and analog to digital converter 45.
- Controlled switch 25 may comprise a mosfet, bipolar transistor, or other active device operated as a switch.
- Voltage sensing and processing circuitry 15 of FIG. 1 comprises coupling capacitor 50, voltage amplifier 55, voltage-signal filter 60, and analog to digital converter 65.
- Computation and control circuitry 20 of FIG. 1 simply comprises microprocessor/microcontroller 20.
- the apparatus of FIG. 7 generates a periodic time-varying current i(t) through cell/battery 10 as follows: Using its internal clock as a primary timing reference, microprocessor/microcontroller 20 periodically commands controlled switch 25 to switch "on" via command line 70. This command is asserted for one-half period and is initiated every other half-period thereby generating a symmetrical square- wave current i(t) through cell/battery 10 via contacts A and B, controlled switch 25, and resistive load 30. Figure 4a illustrates this waveform. Other techniques for generating a periodic excitation current under the timing control of microprocessor/microcontroller 20 will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
- microprocessor/microcontroller 20 could periodically output appropriate digital words to digital-to-analog circuitry replacing controlled switch 25.
- any periodic waveform including a sine waveform, could be generated.
- the features of importance are that the i(t) waveform be periodic, and that its timing be under the control of microprocessor/microcontroller 20.
- Differential voltage amplifier 35 senses the voltage developed across resistive load 30 and outputs a signal that is proportional to i(t) .
- This current signal passes through current-signal filter 40 which removes higher-order harmonics to produce a signal proportional to i'(t) , the frequency-limited representation of i(t) .
- Analog to digital converter 45 accepts the frequency-limited current signal as its input.
- analog to digital converter 45 samples the instant value of i'(t) and converts this quantity to digital format.
- Microprocessor/microcontroller 20 subsequently inputs this digital i'(t) data via communication path 85.
- Voltage amplifier 55 senses the voltage across cell/battery 10 at contacts C and D through coupling capacitor 50, which removes the dc component
- V 0 the output of voltage amplifier 55 is proportional to the ac response signal v(t) .
- Voltage-signal filter 60 processes this signal and yields an output signal proportional to the frequency-limited voltage v'(t) .
- the filter response characteristic of voltage-signal filter 60 is chosen to be identical to that of current-signal filter 40. Accordingly, as has been shown above, harmful effects resulting from the filters' attenuation and phase shift cancel out of the complex impedance determination .
- Filters 40 and 60 may be either low-pass filters or band-pass filters and can be either of the switched-capacitor type, or of a more conventional type. If filters 40 and 60 are of the switched- capacitor type, their common cut-off or center frequency is determined by microprocessor/microcontroller 20 by virtue of the frequency of the clock signal outputted on command line 75. If more conventional active or passive filters are employed, the cut-off or center frequency is fixed and command line 75 is eliminated.
- Analog to digital converter 65 accepts the frequency-limited voltage signal v'(t) as its input. Upon a "Strobe Data" command asserted by microprocessor/microcontroller 20 on command line 80, analog to digital converter 45 samples the instant value of v'(t) and converts this quantity to digital format. Microprocessor/microcontroller 20 subsequently inputs the digital v'(t) data via communication path 90.
- Microprocessor/microcontroller 20 asserts its "Strobe Data" line 80 at M equally spaced times between each successive time that it issues a command on line 70 to turn switch 25 "on” . This effectively synchronizes the data samples to the excitation waveform.
- the sampled values of i'(t) and v'(t) are inputted into microprocessor/microcontroller 20 on data paths 85 and 90, respectively, and averaged over as many periods as are necessary to remove noise.
- microprocessor/microcontroller 20 calculates averaged Fourier coefficients (l'.) av , (l".) av , (V',) av and (V ⁇ by applying the appropriate four equations such as those disclosed in equations (21) -(32). It then calculates real and imaginary parts of impedance by applying equations (38) and (39) .
- the invention embodiment of FIG. 7 acquires i'(t) and v'(t) data samples simultaneously.
- One disadvantage of this embodiment is that its accuracy is critically dependent upon having a close match between the characteristics of the filters inserted into the current-signal and voltage-signal paths. This requirement is particularly troublesome when the two filters are narrow band band-pass filters. Such filters are difficult to match since both attenuation and phase shift change rapidly within a narrow frequency range .
- FIG. 8 discloses a second embodiment of the invention that solves this problem. Instead of using separate filters in the current and voltage signal paths, a single filter 105 serves both functions. Microprocessor/microcontroller 20 selects the appropriate signal path for the filter by means of commands issued to analog multiplexer 95 on command line 100. Since the same filter is employed in both signal paths, the requirement of close matching is satisfied automatically.
- This second embodiment of FIG. 8 functions exactly the same as the first embodiment of FIG. 7 except that microprocessor/microcontroller 20 now also issues commands on line 100, and the i'(t) and v'(t) data samples are acquired sequentially during different periods rather than being acquired simultaneously.
- Microprocessor/microcontroller 20 determines, under program control, the timing of the i(t) transitions and the timing of the acquisitions of the i'(t) and v'(t) data samples. If switched capacitor filters are employed in the current and voltage signal paths, microprocessor/microcontroller 20 also determines the filters' cut-off or center frequency. Accordingly, the apparatus when configured with switch-capacitor filters is completely software tunable and permits measuring complex impedance at any desired predetermined frequency over a wide range. However, when using filters having fixed response characteristics, the measurements will be limited to a more narrow frequency range.
- Filter block 120 contains a plurality of conventional filters, each having a different cut-off or center frequency.
- Microprocessor/microcontroller 20 selects a desired one of these fixed filters by issuing an appropriate command to analog multiplexer 125 on command line 130.
- four conventional filters are disclosed.
- this apparatus is capable of measuring complex impedance of cell/battery 10 at four widely separated spot frequencies.
- the number four was simply chosen as an example. In practice, any number of fixed filters could be employed.
- microprocessor/microcontroller 20 initiates the i(t) transitions and therefore naturally possesses the timing reference necessary for synchronizing the sampling times to the excitation waveform.
- FIG. 10 An alternative way of accomplishing this objective is disclosed in FIG. 10.
- the periodic current i(t) is generated externally to microprocessor/microcontroller 20 by a periodic signal source 135, which may comprise an actual function generator or may simply comprise the alternator of the battery's charging system.
- a timing reference is derived from i(t) by circuitry 140 that detects a particular periodically repeating point on the i(t) waveform. The resulting sequence of periodic timing pulses is communicated to microprocessor/microcontroller 20 on line 145 where it issues interrupts.
- a software routine servicing these interrupts initializes hardware or software timers to subsequently locate the M sampling times during each period.
- microprocessor/microcontroller 20 still possesses sufficient information to synchronize the sampling times to the excitation waveform.
- FIG. 11 A variation of this technique is disclosed in FIG. 11.
- the battery is being charged from the ac mains by a battery charger comprising transformer 150 and rectifier 155.
- Circuitry 160 derives timing pulses from the ac power source by detecting zero crossings.
- a periodic sequence of timing pulses is again communicated to microprocessor/microcontroller 20 on line 145 where it issues interrupts.
- This invention variation permits measuring the battery's impedance at the power line frequency while it is being charged (or at twice this frequency with full-wave rectification) and takes advantage of the fact that my invention does not require the excitation to be sinusoidal -- only periodic .
- the steps leading to the evaluation of real and imaginary parts of complex impedance at frequency fi in accordance with my invention include one or more of the following:
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU62456/99A AU6245699A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries |
EP99949619A EP1119882B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries |
JP2000570861A JP2002525586A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cell and battery |
DE69941720T DE69941720D1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE COMPLEX IMPEDANCE OF CELLS AND BATTERIES |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/152,219 US6002238A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries |
US09/152,219 | 1998-09-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000016428A1 true WO2000016428A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
WO2000016428A9 WO2000016428A9 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
Family
ID=22541994
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/020771 WO2000016428A1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6002238A (en) |
EP (1) | EP1119882B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002525586A (en) |
CN (2) | CN100410678C (en) |
AU (1) | AU6245699A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69941720D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000016428A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7555394B2 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2009-06-30 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Measuring circuit and a method for determining a characteristic of the impedance of a complex impedance element for facilitating characterization of the impedance thereof |
US7788052B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2010-08-31 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Method and device for determining state of health of the battery, and battery power supply system |
Families Citing this family (239)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6329793B1 (en) | 1996-07-29 | 2001-12-11 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for charging a battery |
US7003410B2 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2006-02-21 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with relative test output |
US6331762B1 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2001-12-18 | Midtronics, Inc. | Energy management system for automotive vehicle |
US8198900B2 (en) | 1996-07-29 | 2012-06-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Automotive battery charging system tester |
US6885195B2 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2005-04-26 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for auditing a battery test |
US7706991B2 (en) | 1996-07-29 | 2010-04-27 | Midtronics, Inc. | Alternator tester |
US6445158B1 (en) | 1996-07-29 | 2002-09-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | Vehicle electrical system tester with encoded output |
US8872517B2 (en) | 1996-07-29 | 2014-10-28 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with battery age input |
US6081098A (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2000-06-27 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for charging a battery |
US6351102B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 | 2002-02-26 | Midtronics, Inc. | Automotive battery charging system tester |
US6566883B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2003-05-20 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US6850037B2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2005-02-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | In-vehicle battery monitor |
US6914413B2 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2005-07-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Alternator tester with encoded output |
US6633165B2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2003-10-14 | Midtronics, Inc. | In-vehicle battery monitor |
US6332113B1 (en) | 1996-10-07 | 2001-12-18 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US5914605A (en) | 1997-01-13 | 1999-06-22 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US6747456B2 (en) | 1997-10-02 | 2004-06-08 | Guardian Link Limited | Electro-chemical deterioration test method and apparatus |
US7126341B2 (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 2006-10-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Automotive vehicle electrical system diagnostic device |
US7688074B2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2010-03-30 | Midtronics, Inc. | Energy management system for automotive vehicle |
US8958998B2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2015-02-17 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with network communication |
US7774151B2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2010-08-10 | Midtronics, Inc. | Wireless battery monitor |
US7705602B2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2010-04-27 | Midtronics, Inc. | Automotive vehicle electrical system diagnostic device |
US6586941B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2003-07-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery tester with databus |
US6871151B2 (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 2005-03-22 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with network communication |
EP1032955A4 (en) | 1998-07-27 | 2002-08-07 | Gnb Technologies | Apparatus and method for carrying out diagnostic tests on batteries and for rapidly charging batteries |
US6294896B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 2001-09-25 | Keith S. Champlin | Method and apparatus for measuring complex self-immitance of a general electrical element |
US6037777A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 2000-03-14 | Champlin; Keith S. | Method and apparatus for determining battery properties from complex impedance/admittance |
US6002238A (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 1999-12-14 | Champlin; Keith S. | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries |
US6262563B1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2001-07-17 | Keith S. Champlin | Method and apparatus for measuring complex admittance of cells and batteries |
JP4030217B2 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2008-01-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Abnormality determination device and abnormality determination method for battery pack |
US7058525B2 (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2006-06-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery test module |
US7505856B2 (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2009-03-17 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery test module |
WO2000062049A1 (en) | 1999-04-08 | 2000-10-19 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US6795782B2 (en) | 1999-04-08 | 2004-09-21 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery test module |
US7039533B2 (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2006-05-02 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery test module |
US6456045B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 | 2002-09-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Integrated conductance and load test based electronic battery tester |
US6359441B1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2002-03-19 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US6316914B1 (en) | 1999-05-05 | 2001-11-13 | Midtronics, Inc. | Testing parallel strings of storage batteries |
US6441585B1 (en) | 1999-06-16 | 2002-08-27 | Midtronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for testing rechargeable energy storage batteries |
US6313607B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2001-11-06 | Keith S. Champlin | Method and apparatus for evaluating stored charge in an electrochemical cell or battery |
US6137269A (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2000-10-24 | Champlin; Keith S. | Method and apparatus for electronically evaluating the internal temperature of an electrochemical cell or battery |
US6737831B2 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2004-05-18 | Keith S. Champlin | Method and apparatus using a circuit model to evaluate cell/battery parameters |
US6363303B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2002-03-26 | Midtronics, Inc. | Alternator diagnostic system |
US6307378B1 (en) * | 2000-01-03 | 2001-10-23 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Method and apparatus for measurement of electrochemical cell and battery impedances |
AU4133601A (en) * | 2000-01-03 | 2001-07-16 | Penn State Research Foundation, The | Method and apparatus for measurement of electrochemical cell and battery impedances |
US6466025B1 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2002-10-15 | Midtronics, Inc. | Alternator tester |
JP4671462B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2011-04-20 | パナソニック株式会社 | Airtight inspection method for nickel metal hydride secondary battery |
US6225808B1 (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-05-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Test counter for electronic battery tester |
US7398176B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2008-07-08 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery testers with secondary functionality |
US7446536B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2008-11-04 | Midtronics, Inc. | Scan tool for electronic battery tester |
US7598743B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2009-10-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery maintenance device having databus connection |
US8513949B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2013-08-20 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester or charger with databus connection |
US6759849B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2004-07-06 | Kevin I. Bertness | Battery tester configured to receive a removable digital module |
US6967484B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2005-11-22 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with automotive scan tool communication |
US7598744B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2009-10-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Scan tool for electronic battery tester |
NZ523124A (en) | 2000-06-26 | 2004-08-27 | Snap On Tech Inc | Alternator testing method and system using timed application of load |
US6304087B1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-10-16 | Midtronics, Inc. | Apparatus for calibrating electronic battery tester |
US6906523B2 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2005-06-14 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for testing cells and batteries embedded in series/parallel systems |
US6519539B1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2003-02-11 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Measurement of fuel cell impedance |
US6816797B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2004-11-09 | Hydrogenics Corporation | System and method for measuring fuel cell voltage and high frequency resistance |
US6362601B1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-03-26 | Curtis Instruments, Inc. | Method of battery charge restoration based on estimated battery plate deterioration and/or based on battery state of health |
ES2178954B1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2004-04-16 | Lear Automotive (Eeds) Spain, S.L. | SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC EVALUATION OF THE STATE OF HEALTH AND CHARGING OF THE BATTERY OF A VEHICLE. |
US6369577B1 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-04-09 | Dhc Specialty Corp. | Electronic battery tester |
US6417669B1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-07-09 | Keith S. Champlin | Suppressing interference in AC measurements of cells, batteries and other electrical elements |
US6788025B2 (en) | 2001-06-22 | 2004-09-07 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery charger with booster pack |
US7015674B2 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2006-03-21 | Midtronics, Inc. | Booster pack with storage capacitor |
US7501795B2 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2009-03-10 | Midtronics Inc. | Battery charger with booster pack |
US7479763B2 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2009-01-20 | Midtronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for counteracting self discharge in a storage battery |
US6653817B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-11-25 | General Motors Corporation | State-of-charge detection device for a battery |
US6544078B2 (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2003-04-08 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery clamp with integrated current sensor |
US6469511B1 (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2002-10-22 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery clamp with embedded environment sensor |
US6466026B1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2002-10-15 | Keith S. Champlin | Programmable current exciter for measuring AC immittance of cells and batteries |
US6941234B2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2005-09-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Query based electronic battery tester |
DE10297339T5 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2005-01-27 | Midtronics, Inc., Willowbrook | Electronic battery tester with relative test output signal |
US6696819B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2004-02-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery charge control device |
EP1485726B1 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2010-10-13 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with battery failure temperature determination |
JP2005526365A (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2005-09-02 | グリーンライト パワー テクノロジーズ、インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for indicating fault conditions in fuel cells and fuel cell components |
US7148657B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2006-12-12 | Spx Corporation | Apparatus and method for regulating and monitoring a chargeable device with minimal operator intervention |
US7672798B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2010-03-02 | Spx Corporation | Apparatus and method for determining the temperature of a charging power source |
WO2004010157A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-29 | Mir-Chem Gmbh | Method for measuring a physical or chemical operating parameter for an analysis system |
FR2842305B1 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-10-01 | Inst Nat Polytech Grenoble | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE INDEPENDENCE OF AN ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEM |
US7723993B2 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2010-05-25 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester configured to predict a load test result based on open circuit voltage, temperature, cranking size rating, and a dynamic parameter |
US7472820B2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2009-01-06 | Spx Corporation | Code reading apparatus and method |
JP2004119227A (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-15 | Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The | Internal impedance measuring method of storage battery |
JP2006508508A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2006-03-09 | ハイドロジェニクス コーポレイション | Method and apparatus for monitoring fuel cell voltage |
US6781382B2 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2004-08-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
DE10394007T5 (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2006-02-02 | Midtronics, Inc., Willowbrook | Apparatus and method for predicting the remaining discharge time of a battery |
US6888468B2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2005-05-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for protecting a battery from overdischarge |
CA2513421A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-19 | Hydrogenics Corporation | System and method for measuring internal resistance of electrochemical devices |
US6891378B2 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2005-05-10 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US6765389B1 (en) | 2003-06-12 | 2004-07-20 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of computing AC impedance of an energy system |
US7408358B2 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2008-08-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester having a user interface to configure a printer |
US6913483B2 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2005-07-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Cable for electronic battery tester |
EP1501146A3 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2007-04-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system, fuel cell operation method, program, and recording medium |
US7319304B2 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2008-01-15 | Midtronics, Inc. | Shunt connection to a PCB of an energy management system employed in an automotive vehicle |
GB0317513D0 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2003-08-27 | Megger Ltd | A method and apparatus for determining the complex impedance of an electrical component |
US8164343B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2012-04-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system |
US7154276B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2006-12-26 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system |
US9018958B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2015-04-28 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system |
US9255955B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2016-02-09 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system |
DE10345057B4 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-09-15 | Rheinisch-Westfälisch-Technische Hochschule Aachen | Method and device for determining the state of charge of a battery |
US6919725B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-07-19 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester/charger with integrated battery cell temperature measurement device |
US7977914B2 (en) | 2003-10-08 | 2011-07-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery maintenance tool with probe light |
WO2005045453A1 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-19 | Ansaldo Fuel Cells S.P.A. | Apparatus and method for fuel cell resistance test |
US7595643B2 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2009-09-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for simulating a battery tester with a fixed resistance load |
US7116109B2 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2006-10-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for simulating a battery tester with a fixed resistance load |
KR200344389Y1 (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2004-03-11 | 주식회사 파워트론 | Battery cell voltage Measuring circuit using the high voltage common mode differential amplifier |
US7598699B2 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2009-10-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Replaceable clamp for electronic battery tester |
US20050206346A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-22 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery charger with automatic customer notification system |
US7777612B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2010-08-17 | Midtronics, Inc. | Theft prevention device for automotive vehicle service centers |
US7119686B2 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2006-10-10 | Midtronics, Inc. | Theft prevention device for automotive vehicle service centers |
US7772850B2 (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2010-08-10 | Midtronics, Inc. | Wireless battery tester with information encryption means |
US7106070B2 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2006-09-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Broad-band low-inductance cables for making Kelvin connections to electrochemical cells and batteries |
US20060038572A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Midtronics, Inc. | System for automatically gathering battery information for use during battery testing/charging |
US8442877B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2013-05-14 | Midtronics, Inc. | Simplification of inventory management |
US8344685B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2013-01-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | System for automatically gathering battery information |
US9496720B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2016-11-15 | Midtronics, Inc. | System for automatically gathering battery information |
US8436619B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2013-05-07 | Midtronics, Inc. | Integrated tag reader and environment sensor |
DE102005035416A1 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2006-04-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for reconstructing an electrical signal |
AT500968B8 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2007-02-15 | Avl List Gmbh | METHOD FOR MONITORING THE OPERATING STATE OF A FUEL CELL STACK |
JP2008522350A (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2008-06-26 | ハイドロジェニクス コーポレイション | System and method for detecting and displaying a fault condition of an electrochemical cell |
US7710119B2 (en) | 2004-12-09 | 2010-05-04 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery tester that calculates its own reference values |
US9851414B2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2017-12-26 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Energy storage cell impedance measuring apparatus, methods and related systems |
US7554294B2 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2009-06-30 | The Johns Hopkins University | Battery health monitor |
US7498767B2 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2009-03-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | Centralized data storage of condition of a storage battery at its point of sale |
DE112006002329B4 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2022-06-09 | Midtronics, Inc. | Diagnostic device for automotive electrical systems |
US8032189B2 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2011-10-04 | Research In Motion Limited | System and method for managing battery slump during wireless communications using signal triggered voltage monitoring |
US7791028B2 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2010-09-07 | Tautheta Instruments Llc | Apparatus and method for system identification |
CN1967270B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2010-06-09 | 北华大学 | Method and system for testing battery impedance spectroscopy |
US7675293B2 (en) * | 2006-05-04 | 2010-03-09 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Method and apparatus for in-situ characterization of energy storage and energy conversion devices |
DE602006004023D1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2009-01-15 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Method of measuring the resonant frequency of a battery |
ATE553394T1 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2012-04-15 | Delphi Tech Inc | BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM |
FR2907272B1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-12-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR MANAGING THE END OF DISCHARGE OF A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY |
US7791348B2 (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2010-09-07 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery tester with promotion feature to promote use of the battery tester by providing the user with codes having redeemable value |
US7622893B2 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2009-11-24 | Linear Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for measuring the voltage of a power source |
US7808375B2 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2010-10-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery run down indicator |
CN101183142B (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2011-03-16 | 李庆兰 | On-line measurement method of accumulator cell essential resistance, electrical current work module and accumulator cell essential resistance on-line measurement instrument |
US10379168B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2019-08-13 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Apparatuses and methods for testing electrochemical cells by measuring frequency response |
GB2491304B (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2013-01-09 | Midtronics Inc | Battery tester and electric vehicle |
US9274157B2 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2016-03-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery tester for electric vehicle |
US8203345B2 (en) | 2007-12-06 | 2012-06-19 | Midtronics, Inc. | Storage battery and battery tester |
AT504698B1 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2013-10-15 | Avl List Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE OPERATING STATUS OF A BATTERY |
US7959476B2 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2011-06-14 | Midtronics, Inc. | Clamp for electrically coupling to a battery contact |
WO2017003917A1 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-05 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Energy storage cell impedance measuring apparatus, methods and related systems |
CN102209905B (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2013-12-25 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Apparatus and method for synchronizing and measuring current and voltage of secondary battery pack |
KR101114317B1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2012-02-14 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | Insulation resistance measurement circuit under no influence of battery voltage |
CN101666861B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-10-31 | 深圳市普禄科智能检测设备有限公司 | Device and method for detecting storage battery based on multi-frequency point AC electricity discharging method |
JP5444857B2 (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2014-03-19 | 横河電機株式会社 | Electrochemical reaction measuring method and electrochemical reaction measuring device |
US9588185B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2017-03-07 | Keith S. Champlin | Method and apparatus for detecting cell deterioration in an electrochemical cell or battery |
WO2011109343A2 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-09 | Midtronics, Inc. | Monitor for front terminal batteries |
JP4947173B2 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-06-06 | 横河電機株式会社 | AC impedance measuring device |
US9229062B2 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2016-01-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic storage battery diagnostic system |
US20110300416A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2011-12-08 | Bertness Kevin I | Battery pack maintenance for electric vehicle |
US10046649B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2018-08-14 | Midtronics, Inc. | Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device |
US11740294B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2023-08-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | High use battery pack maintenance |
US8738309B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2014-05-27 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery pack maintenance for electric vehicles |
US9419311B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2016-08-16 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery maintenance device with thermal buffer |
US9201120B2 (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2015-12-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester for testing storage battery |
GB201014384D0 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2010-10-13 | Imp Innovations Ltd | Battery monitoring in electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and other applications |
US9331507B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2016-05-03 | The Johns Hopkins University | Control apparatus and method for conducting fast battery charge |
US8961004B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2015-02-24 | The Johns Hopkins University | Battery phase meter to determine internal temperatures of lithium-ion rechargeable cells under charge and discharge |
US9128165B2 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2015-09-08 | Datang Nxp Semiconductors Co., Ltd. | Battery cell impedance measurement method and apparatus |
US8820626B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2014-09-02 | Blackberry Limited | Diagnostic use of physical and electrical battery parameters |
US8860420B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2014-10-14 | Blackberry Limited | Diagnostic use of physical and electrical battery parameters and storing relative condition data |
US8829911B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2014-09-09 | Blackberry Limited | Diagnostic use of a plurality of electrical battery parameters |
EP2571131B1 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2018-01-24 | BlackBerry Limited | Diagnostic use of a plurality of electrical battery parameters |
US10429449B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2019-10-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery pack tester |
ITMI20112226A1 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-07 | Materials Mates Italia S R L | APPARATUS FOR CURRENT MEASUREMENT. |
US20140340045A1 (en) * | 2012-01-26 | 2014-11-20 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Apparatus for battery state estimation |
LV14799B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-03-20 | Vladimir Cheremnykh | Accumulatot battery with a multiple-component lead-out contact |
US11325479B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2022-05-10 | Midtronics, Inc. | Hybrid and electric vehicle battery maintenance device |
US9851411B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2017-12-26 | Keith S. Champlin | Suppressing HF cable oscillations during dynamic measurements of cells and batteries |
US9529055B2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2016-12-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Impedance measuring device for laminated battery |
JP2014106119A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-09 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Ac impedance measuring device |
DE102012224312A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | A method of determining a temperature of a cell of a battery, detecting device and battery |
US9244100B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-01-26 | Midtronics, Inc. | Current clamp with jaw closure detection |
US9312575B2 (en) | 2013-05-16 | 2016-04-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery testing system and method |
US9651592B2 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2017-05-16 | Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. | Impedance detector apparatus and method |
US20150168499A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery tester and battery registration tool |
US10843574B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2020-11-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Calibration and programming of in-vehicle battery sensors |
US9923289B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2018-03-20 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery clamp with endoskeleton design |
US20150219723A1 (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-06 | Donald H. Marvin | Continuous Monitoring Architecture for Power Storage Systems |
US10473555B2 (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2019-11-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Automotive maintenance system |
CN104155611B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-01-18 | 清华大学 | Alternating-current impedance analytical method of electrochemical energy storage device and analytical method of working state of electrochemical energy storage device |
DE102014217087A1 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining an internal resistance of an electrical energy store |
US10222397B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2019-03-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Cable connector for electronic battery tester |
CN106461728A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Equivalent circuit model of battery |
WO2016123075A1 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | Midtronics, Inc. | Alternator tester |
WO2016176405A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | Calibration and programming of in-vehicle battery sensors |
CN106526321B (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2020-03-13 | 日置电机株式会社 | Impedance measuring device and impedance measuring method |
US9966676B2 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2018-05-08 | Midtronics, Inc. | Kelvin connector adapter for storage battery |
US10345384B2 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2019-07-09 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Device, system, and method for measuring internal impedance of a test battery using frequency response |
US10656233B2 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2020-05-19 | Dynexus Technology, Inc. | Method of calibrating impedance measurements of a battery |
EP3252483B1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Nxp B.V. | Load detector |
US10608353B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2020-03-31 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery clamp |
CN107703450A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏银佳电子设备有限公司 | A kind of battery resistance detecting circuit |
DE102016216664A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining the functional reliability of a battery |
CN106290480A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-01-04 | 四川赛尔雷新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of detection device and method based on impedance data screening electrolyte film forming defective products |
US11054480B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-07-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electrical load for electronic battery tester and electronic battery tester including such electrical load |
TWI622780B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-05-01 | Dhc Specialty Corp | Asymmetric battery detection device |
US10855095B2 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2020-12-01 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Battery impedance detection using voltage and current measurements |
AT520558B1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Recursive, time series-based method for determining the state of an electrochemical reactor |
DE102018100692B4 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-08-22 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Method for monitoring a battery, monitoring system and monitoring circuit |
DE112019000492T5 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2020-10-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | HIGH CAPACITY BATTERY BALANCING DEVICE |
DE112019000495T5 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2020-10-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery maintenance device for a hybrid and electric vehicle |
CN108398599B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-05-31 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of electric locomotive frequency coupled impedance measurement method |
FR3083321B1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-03-05 | Safran Electronics & Defense | FLOW VALVE CURRENT SENSOR |
JPWO2020003841A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-08-12 | ヌヴォトンテクノロジージャパン株式会社 | Battery monitoring device, integrated circuit, and battery monitoring system |
JP7467337B2 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2024-04-15 | ヌヴォトンテクノロジージャパン株式会社 | Integrated circuit, battery monitoring device, and battery monitoring system |
TWI685183B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-02-11 | 群光電能科技股份有限公司 | Hybrid-mode boost power factor corrector |
US11018384B2 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-05-25 | Nxp B.V. | Dual-cell supervisor circuit for high-voltage automotive battery packs |
US11513160B2 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | Vehicle battery maintenance device |
CN109613102B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-11-12 | 北京英视睿达科技有限公司 | Method and device for determining transmitter parameters |
US11054481B2 (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2021-07-06 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Multispectral impedance determination under dynamic load conditions |
JP7172838B2 (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-11-16 | 株式会社デンソー | battery monitor |
US12000902B2 (en) | 2019-05-02 | 2024-06-04 | Dynexus Technology, Inc. | Multispectral impedance determination under dynamic load conditions |
US11566972B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2023-01-31 | Midtronics, Inc. | Tire tread gauge using visual indicator |
US11104242B2 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-08-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Bus bar resistance identification via AC signal injection and battery control therefrom |
US11545839B2 (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2023-01-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | System for charging a series of connected batteries |
US11668779B2 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2023-06-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device |
US11474153B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2022-10-18 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery pack maintenance system |
US11973202B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2024-04-30 | Midtronics, Inc. | Intelligent module interface for battery maintenance device |
US11422102B2 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2022-08-23 | Dynexus Technology, Inc. | Multispectral impedance measurements across strings of interconnected cells |
US11543461B2 (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2023-01-03 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Multi-cell AC impedance measurement system |
US11486930B2 (en) | 2020-01-23 | 2022-11-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with battery clamp storage holsters |
US11519969B2 (en) | 2020-01-29 | 2022-12-06 | Dynexus Technology, Inc. | Cross spectral impedance assessment for cell qualification |
US11272854B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-15 | Analog Devices International Unlimited Company | Noise cancellation in impedance measurement circuits |
CN112083299B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2023-05-26 | 国网重庆市电力公司北碚供电分公司 | DC system insulation fault prediction method based on Kalman filtering |
CN114252789A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-29 | 大唐恩智浦半导体有限公司 | Battery impedance measuring circuit |
DE102020215243B4 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-05-11 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Device for monitoring battery cells in a battery string in the idle state |
CN113219352B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2024-03-29 | 西安新艾电气技术有限公司 | Impedance spectrum on-line detection system and method for battery strings |
CN112924881B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2024-07-23 | 西安新艾电气技术有限公司 | Impedance spectrum online detection system and method for multi-battery strings |
CN112763928B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2024-03-29 | 西安新艾电气技术有限公司 | Online detection system and detection method for impedance spectrum of series-parallel battery system |
CN113156322B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2024-05-14 | 西安新艾电气技术有限公司 | Battery on-line impedance spectrum detection system and method based on digital module |
CN113049973B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-13 | 河南工学院 | Power battery detection device |
CN114236408A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 西南交通大学 | Controllable broadband impedance measuring method and device for lithium battery |
US11802917B1 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-10-31 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Impedance measurements in battery management circuits |
EP4317996A1 (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-02-07 | Baars beheer B.V. | Determining impedance of physical system |
CN117269803B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏林洋亿纬储能科技有限公司 | Passive measurement system and method for battery cluster resistance detection system of electric energy storage system |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5574355A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-11-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detection and control of thermal runaway in a battery under charge |
US5598098A (en) * | 1994-08-11 | 1997-01-28 | Champlin; Keith S. | Electronic battery tester with very high noise immunity |
US5821756A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1998-10-13 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with tailored compensation for low state-of charge |
Family Cites Families (137)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2514745A (en) | 1946-12-19 | 1950-07-11 | Heyer Ind Inc | Changeable scale electrical testing instrument |
US3356936A (en) | 1964-02-12 | 1967-12-05 | Litton Prec Products Inc | Method and means for total battery voltage testing |
US3607673A (en) | 1968-03-18 | 1971-09-21 | Magna Corp | Method for measuring corrosion rate |
US3753094A (en) * | 1969-07-01 | 1973-08-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ohmmeter for measuring the internal resistance of a battery and directly reading the measured resistance value |
US3593099A (en) | 1969-07-24 | 1971-07-13 | Hans K Scholl | Automatic battery tester with recording means for battery performance |
US3889248A (en) | 1970-01-28 | 1975-06-10 | Ritter Esther | Faulty battery connection indicator |
US3676770A (en) * | 1970-05-15 | 1972-07-11 | Anderson Power Products | Pulse sampling battery fuel gauging and resistance metering method and means |
US3729989A (en) | 1970-12-10 | 1973-05-01 | D Little | Horsepower and torque measuring instrument |
US3886443A (en) | 1971-05-13 | 1975-05-27 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | Electric camera shutter with voltage checking circuit |
US3873911A (en) | 1971-09-14 | 1975-03-25 | Keith S Champlin | Electronic battery testing device |
US3811089A (en) | 1972-07-14 | 1974-05-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Remote engine tachometer |
US3969667A (en) | 1972-08-23 | 1976-07-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Device for determining the state of charge in batteries |
GB1437025A (en) | 1972-08-30 | 1976-05-26 | Deutsche Automobilgesellsch | Method and device for determining the state of charge of galvanic energy sources |
US3808522A (en) | 1972-11-03 | 1974-04-30 | Anderson Power Products | Method of testing the capacity of a lead-acid battery |
US3979664A (en) | 1973-03-29 | 1976-09-07 | Brunswick Corporation | Capacitor discharge ignition testing apparatus employing visual spark gap indicator |
US3909708A (en) | 1974-01-02 | 1975-09-30 | Keith S Champlin | Electronic battery testing device |
US3936744A (en) | 1974-04-30 | 1976-02-03 | David Perlmutter | Automotive alternator and solid state regulator tester |
US3946299A (en) | 1975-02-11 | 1976-03-23 | Gould, Inc. | Battery state of charge gauge |
US3947757A (en) | 1975-02-24 | 1976-03-30 | Grube Donald B | Voltage regulator tester |
US3984762A (en) | 1975-03-07 | 1976-10-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for determining battery state of charge by measuring A.C. electrical phase angle change |
US3984768A (en) | 1975-06-11 | 1976-10-05 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Apparatus for high voltage resistance measurement |
FR2319983A1 (en) | 1975-07-30 | 1977-02-25 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROL OF AN ACCUMULATOR BATTERY | |
US4008619A (en) | 1975-11-17 | 1977-02-22 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Vacuum monitoring |
US4126874A (en) | 1975-12-27 | 1978-11-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply circuit for camera |
US4086531A (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1978-04-25 | Compunetics, Incorporated | Electrical system test apparatus |
US4070624A (en) | 1976-07-26 | 1978-01-24 | American Generator & Armature Co. | Apparatus for testing starters and alternators |
US4114083A (en) | 1977-06-15 | 1978-09-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Battery thermal runaway monitor |
US4112351A (en) | 1977-09-01 | 1978-09-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Dual threshold low coil signal conditioner |
US4193025A (en) | 1977-12-23 | 1980-03-11 | Globe-Union, Inc. | Automatic battery analyzer |
US4178546A (en) | 1978-01-06 | 1979-12-11 | Rca Corporation | Alternator test apparatus and method |
US4392101A (en) | 1978-05-31 | 1983-07-05 | Black & Decker Inc. | Method of charging batteries and apparatus therefor |
US4207611A (en) | 1978-12-18 | 1980-06-10 | Ford Motor Company | Apparatus and method for calibrated testing of a vehicle electrical system |
US4369407A (en) | 1979-08-29 | 1983-01-18 | Sheller-Globe Corporation | Regulator tester |
US4322685A (en) | 1980-02-29 | 1982-03-30 | Globe-Union Inc. | Automatic battery analyzer including apparatus for determining presence of single bad cell |
US4315204A (en) | 1980-05-22 | 1982-02-09 | Motorola, Inc. | Ripple detector for automotive alternator battery charging systems |
US4316185A (en) | 1980-07-17 | 1982-02-16 | General Electric Company | Battery monitor circuit |
GB2088159B (en) | 1980-11-20 | 1985-01-30 | Harmer & Simmons Ltd | Battery charging apparatus |
IT1130536B (en) | 1980-11-26 | 1986-06-18 | Marelli Autronica | CIRCUIT FOR THE DETECTION AND SIGNALING OF FAULTS AND OPERATING ANOMALIES IN A RECHARGE SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC ACCUMULATORS |
US4363407A (en) | 1981-01-22 | 1982-12-14 | Polaroid Corporation | Method and system for testing and sorting batteries |
US4423379A (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1983-12-27 | Sun Electric Corporation | Battery testing techniques |
US4408157A (en) | 1981-05-04 | 1983-10-04 | Associated Research, Inc. | Resistance measuring arrangement |
US4424491A (en) | 1981-05-20 | 1984-01-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Automatic voltage imbalance detector |
US4396880A (en) | 1981-06-05 | 1983-08-02 | Firing Circuits Inc. | Method and apparatus for charging a battery |
US4514694A (en) | 1981-07-23 | 1985-04-30 | Curtis Instruments | Quiescent battery testing method and apparatus |
US4459548A (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1984-07-10 | Snap-On Tools Corporation | Alternator testing apparatus |
US4423378A (en) | 1981-12-04 | 1983-12-27 | Bear Automotive Service Equipment Company | Automotive battery test apparatus |
US4390828A (en) | 1982-03-17 | 1983-06-28 | Transaction Control Industries | Battery charger circuit |
US4520353A (en) | 1982-03-26 | 1985-05-28 | Outboard Marine Corporation | State of charge indicator |
US4709202A (en) | 1982-06-07 | 1987-11-24 | Norand Corporation | Battery powered system |
US4707795A (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1987-11-17 | Alber Engineering, Inc. | Battery testing and monitoring system |
FR2556475B1 (en) * | 1983-12-12 | 1986-09-05 | Asulab Sa | METHOD FOR MEASURING THE DISCHARGE OF A BATTERY AND APPARATUS USING THE SAME |
JPS61170678A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1986-08-01 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery state detector |
US4719428A (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1988-01-12 | Tif Instruments, Inc. | Storage battery condition tester utilizing low load current |
US4679000A (en) | 1985-06-20 | 1987-07-07 | Robert Clark | Bidirectional current time integration device |
US4667279A (en) | 1986-04-01 | 1987-05-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Transformer coupled pard bucker for DC power supplies |
US4710861A (en) | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-01 | Martin Kanner | Anti-ripple circuit |
US4697134A (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1987-09-29 | Commonwealth Edison Company | Apparatus and method for measuring battery condition |
US4956597A (en) | 1987-02-04 | 1990-09-11 | American Monarch Corporation | Method and apparatus for charging batteries |
JPS63146775U (en) | 1987-03-19 | 1988-09-28 | ||
US5004979A (en) | 1987-11-03 | 1991-04-02 | Bear Automotive Service Equipment Company | Battery tach |
US4816768A (en) | 1988-03-18 | 1989-03-28 | Champlin Keith S | Electronic battery testing device |
DE3811371A1 (en) | 1988-04-05 | 1989-10-19 | Habra Elektronik | METHOD FOR CHARGING AND SIMULTANEOUSLY CHECKING THE CONDITION OF A NICKELCADMIUM BATTERY |
US4825170A (en) | 1988-05-25 | 1989-04-25 | Champlin Keith S | Electronic battery testing device with automatic voltage scaling |
US4881038A (en) | 1988-05-25 | 1989-11-14 | Champlin Keith S | Electric battery testing device with automatic voltage scaling to determine dynamic conductance |
US4912416A (en) | 1988-06-06 | 1990-03-27 | Champlin Keith S | Electronic battery testing device with state-of-charge compensation |
US4820966A (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-04-11 | Ron Fridman | Battery monitoring system |
US4968941A (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1990-11-06 | Rogers Wesley A | Apparatus for monitoring the state of charge of a battery |
US5397991A (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1995-03-14 | Electronic Development Inc. | Multi-battery charging system for reduced fuel consumption and emissions in automotive vehicles |
GB2222887B (en) | 1988-09-19 | 1993-06-16 | David John Howard Peacock | Power measurement apparatus |
US5281919A (en) | 1988-10-14 | 1994-01-25 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Automotive battery status monitor |
US4929931A (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1990-05-29 | Honeywell Inc. | Battery monitor |
US4931738A (en) | 1989-01-27 | 1990-06-05 | Kaufel Group, Ltd. | Battery monitoring system of cell groups and display |
JPH07120536B2 (en) | 1989-03-31 | 1995-12-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Battery level recognition device |
US5047722A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-09-10 | Ssmc Inc. | Apparatus for measuring internal resistance of wet cell storage batteries having non-removable cell caps |
US5144248A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1992-09-01 | Alexander Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for measuring the voltage and charge of a battery |
US5254952A (en) | 1989-09-11 | 1993-10-19 | Snap-On Tools Corporation | Automatic battery and charging system tester with motor-driven carbon pile loading |
KR930008260B1 (en) | 1989-09-29 | 1993-08-27 | 가부시기가이샤 도시바 | Intellegent power system for portable computer |
US5032825A (en) | 1990-03-02 | 1991-07-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Battery capacity indicator |
CA2018639A1 (en) | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-08 | James D. Blair | Method and apparatus for comparing fuel cell voltage |
US5140269A (en) * | 1990-09-10 | 1992-08-18 | Champlin Keith S | Electronic tester for assessing battery/cell capacity |
US5126675A (en) | 1990-09-14 | 1992-06-30 | Yang Tai Her | Battery capacity monitor |
US5268845A (en) | 1991-02-14 | 1993-12-07 | Dell Corporate Services Corp. | Method for detecting low battery state without precise calibration |
CA2038160C (en) | 1991-03-13 | 1996-10-22 | Jiri K. Nor | Charging circuits for rechargeable batteries and cells |
US5302902A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1994-04-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Abnormal battery cell voltage detection circuitry |
US5315533A (en) | 1991-05-17 | 1994-05-24 | Best Power Technology, Inc. | Back-up uninterruptible power system |
US5214385A (en) | 1991-05-22 | 1993-05-25 | Commonwealth Edison Company | Apparatus and method for utilizing polarization voltage to determine charge state of a battery |
US5352969A (en) | 1991-05-30 | 1994-10-04 | Black & Decker Inc. | Battery charging system having logarithmic analog-to-digital converter with automatic scaling of analog signal |
US5241275A (en) | 1991-05-31 | 1993-08-31 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Method of measuring remaining capacity of a storage cell by comparing impedance plot characteristics |
US5365160A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1994-11-15 | Telxon Corporation | Apparatus and method for charging batteries |
US5214370A (en) | 1991-09-13 | 1993-05-25 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Battery charger with thermal runaway protection |
US5650937A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1997-07-22 | Universite Paris Val De Marne | Device and method for measuring the charge state of a nickel-cadmium accumulator |
US5381096A (en) | 1992-04-09 | 1995-01-10 | Hirzel; Edgar A. | Method and apparatus for measuring the state-of-charge of a battery system |
DE69325388T2 (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 2000-01-13 | Keith S. Champlin | ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH AUTOMATIC COMPENSATION FOR INSUFFICIENT CHARGE CONDITION |
WO1993022666A1 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-11 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Testing a battery connected to operating equipment |
US5352968A (en) | 1992-05-28 | 1994-10-04 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Battery charge state determination |
JP3048755B2 (en) | 1992-07-10 | 2000-06-05 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Rechargeable battery charger |
JPH082149B2 (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1996-01-10 | 株式会社マキタ | Charger |
US5281920A (en) | 1992-08-21 | 1994-01-25 | Btech, Inc. | On-line battery impedance measurement |
US5442274A (en) | 1992-08-27 | 1995-08-15 | Sanyo Electric Company, Ltd. | Rechargeable battery charging method |
US5336993A (en) | 1992-09-09 | 1994-08-09 | Thomas Richard E | Assembly for testing rectifiers and regulators of automotive alternators |
FI96370C (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1996-06-10 | Fps Power Systems Oy Ab | Method for checking the internal impedance of a backup power supply battery and a backup power supply |
US5343380A (en) | 1992-11-17 | 1994-08-30 | Champlin Keith S | Method and apparatus for suppressing time-varying signals in batteries undergoing charging or discharging |
CN1075552A (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1993-08-25 | 胡学军 | Numeral instrument for measuring earth resistance |
US5717336A (en) | 1992-12-24 | 1998-02-10 | Elcorp Pty. Ltd. | Method and apparatus for determining the charge condition of an electrochemical cell |
US5485090A (en) | 1993-02-11 | 1996-01-16 | Hewlett-Packard Corporation | Method and apparatus for differentiating battery types |
US5298797A (en) | 1993-03-12 | 1994-03-29 | Toko America, Inc. | Gate charge recovery circuit for gate-driven semiconductor devices |
US5550485A (en) | 1993-06-04 | 1996-08-27 | Falk; Dean A. | Multifunction alternator testing device |
US5331268A (en) | 1993-08-02 | 1994-07-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dynamically charging a battery |
JP2596910Y2 (en) | 1993-11-30 | 1999-06-28 | 日本エー・エム・ピー株式会社 | Female contact |
US5642031A (en) | 1994-02-28 | 1997-06-24 | Black & Decker Inc. | Battery recharging system with state of charge detection that initially detects whether a battery to be charged is already at or near full charge to prevent overcharging |
US5596260A (en) | 1994-05-13 | 1997-01-21 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Apparatus and method for determining a charge of a battery |
US5519383A (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1996-05-21 | De La Rosa; Pablito A. | Battery and starter circuit monitoring system |
US5606242A (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1997-02-25 | Duracell, Inc. | Smart battery algorithm for reporting battery parameters to an external device |
US5621298A (en) | 1994-10-06 | 1997-04-15 | Motor Appliance Corporation | Power supply with automatic charge measuring capability |
US5488300A (en) | 1994-10-21 | 1996-01-30 | Jamieson; Robert S. | Method and apparatus for monitoring the state of charge of a battery |
US5633573A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1997-05-27 | Duracell, Inc. | Battery pack having a processor controlled battery operating system |
US5652501A (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1997-07-29 | Unitrode Corporation | Voltage sensor for detecting cell voltages |
US5602462A (en) | 1995-02-21 | 1997-02-11 | Best Power Technology, Incorporated | Uninterruptible power system |
US5592093A (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1997-01-07 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery testing device loose terminal connection detection via a comparison circuit |
US5561380A (en) | 1995-05-08 | 1996-10-01 | Chrysler Corporation | Fault detection system for electric automobile traction system having floating ground |
RU2089015C1 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-08-27 | Сибирская государственная горно-металлургическая академия | Method for determining frequency characteristics of battery power supply sources |
JPH0933623A (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-07 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery capacity meter |
JPH0962419A (en) | 1995-08-25 | 1997-03-07 | Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd | Wireless data input device |
JP3379298B2 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 2003-02-24 | 新神戸電機株式会社 | Device for determining the life of sealed lead-acid batteries |
US5633801A (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-05-27 | Fluke Corporation | Pulse-based impedance measurement instrument |
US5701089A (en) | 1995-10-12 | 1997-12-23 | Autozone, Inc. | Alternator/starter testing device |
US5677077A (en) | 1996-02-22 | 1997-10-14 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Sensor circuit for providing maximum and minimum cell voltages of a battery |
US5757192A (en) | 1996-05-20 | 1998-05-26 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting a bad cell in a storage battery |
FR2749397B1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1998-08-14 | Telecommunications Sa | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE STATE OF CHARGE OF A BATTERY |
US5675234A (en) | 1996-07-10 | 1997-10-07 | Safe Flight Instrument Corporation | Multicell battery monitoring system |
JP3564885B2 (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 2004-09-15 | 新神戸電機株式会社 | Power supply with sealed lead-acid battery |
AU4816297A (en) | 1996-10-07 | 1998-05-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Midpoint battery monitoring |
US5773978A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-06-30 | Snap-On Technologies, Inc. | Battery impedance monitor |
US5914605A (en) | 1997-01-13 | 1999-06-22 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester |
US5872443A (en) | 1997-02-18 | 1999-02-16 | Williamson; Floyd L. | Electronic method for controlling charged particles to obtain optimum electrokinetic behavior |
US5831435A (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1998-11-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery tester for JIS Standard |
US6002238A (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 1999-12-14 | Champlin; Keith S. | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries |
-
1998
- 1998-09-11 US US09/152,219 patent/US6002238A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-09-10 AU AU62456/99A patent/AU6245699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-10 EP EP99949619A patent/EP1119882B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-10 CN CNB2004100549621A patent/CN100410678C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-10 CN CN99812919A patent/CN1325551A/en active Pending
- 1999-09-10 JP JP2000570861A patent/JP2002525586A/en active Pending
- 1999-09-10 WO PCT/US1999/020771 patent/WO2000016428A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-09-10 DE DE69941720T patent/DE69941720D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-03 US US09/454,629 patent/US6172483B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5821756A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1998-10-13 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with tailored compensation for low state-of charge |
US5598098A (en) * | 1994-08-11 | 1997-01-28 | Champlin; Keith S. | Electronic battery tester with very high noise immunity |
US5574355A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-11-12 | Midtronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detection and control of thermal runaway in a battery under charge |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1119882A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7555394B2 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2009-06-30 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Measuring circuit and a method for determining a characteristic of the impedance of a complex impedance element for facilitating characterization of the impedance thereof |
US7788052B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2010-08-31 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Method and device for determining state of health of the battery, and battery power supply system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6172483B1 (en) | 2001-01-09 |
EP1119882A1 (en) | 2001-08-01 |
US6002238A (en) | 1999-12-14 |
AU6245699A (en) | 2000-04-03 |
CN1558253A (en) | 2004-12-29 |
DE69941720D1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
JP2002525586A (en) | 2002-08-13 |
CN1325551A (en) | 2001-12-05 |
EP1119882A4 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
EP1119882B1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
WO2000016428A9 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
CN100410678C (en) | 2008-08-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6002238A (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring complex impedance of cells and batteries | |
US6262563B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring complex admittance of cells and batteries | |
US5717336A (en) | Method and apparatus for determining the charge condition of an electrochemical cell | |
US20030206021A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring and analyzing electrical or electrochemical systems | |
US6294896B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring complex self-immitance of a general electrical element | |
CA2334404C (en) | Method of and apparatus for measuring battery capacity | |
KR100264515B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining battery capacity by measuring and analysing battery,s voltage response signal generated by current pulse | |
US8035396B2 (en) | Method and device for measuring internal impedance of stationary battery | |
JP2000266791A (en) | Laplace transformation impedance measuring method and device thereof | |
JP2008003055A (en) | Watt-hour meter control device and watt-hour meter | |
CN111596254B (en) | Anomaly detection method, device, equipment and medium for energy metering chip | |
US20050021254A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining the complex impedance of an electrical component | |
US20060071777A1 (en) | Measuring method for deciding direction to a flickering source | |
JPH071289B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring conductivity without influence of polarization | |
Bien et al. | Estimation of power system parameters based on load variance observations-laboratory studies | |
JPH03176678A (en) | Evaluating method with ac for ic tester | |
CN210243800U (en) | Internal resistance measuring circuit of storage battery | |
RU2154834C2 (en) | Method of measurement of components of impedance and device for its implementation | |
US20030016003A1 (en) | Method of measuring frequency of AC power | |
KR20050078950A (en) | A true impedance value measuring method, immunized from mixed noise | |
JP2597861Y2 (en) | Ion concentration measurement device | |
KR950004833B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring powerfactor of wattmeter | |
JPH0632255B2 (en) | Method of measuring leakage current of lightning arrester | |
JPH09196988A (en) | Deterioration detector for zinc oxide type lightning arrester | |
SU63877A1 (en) | Method of measuring modulation depth |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 99812919.4 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: C2 Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: C2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
COP | Corrected version of pamphlet |
Free format text: PAGES 1/4-4/4, DRAWINGS, REPLACED BY NEW PAGES 1/4-4/4; DUE TO LATE TRANSMITTAL BY THE RECEIVING OFFICE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2000 570861 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1999949619 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1999949619 Country of ref document: EP |