RU2089015C1 - Method for determining frequency characteristics of battery power supply sources - Google Patents
Method for determining frequency characteristics of battery power supply sources Download PDFInfo
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- RU2089015C1 RU2089015C1 RU95109340A RU95109340A RU2089015C1 RU 2089015 C1 RU2089015 C1 RU 2089015C1 RU 95109340 A RU95109340 A RU 95109340A RU 95109340 A RU95109340 A RU 95109340A RU 2089015 C1 RU2089015 C1 RU 2089015C1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
Abstract
Description
Изобретение относится к электротехнике, в частности к эксплуатации аккумуляторных батарей. The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to the operation of rechargeable batteries.
Знание частотных характеристик химических источников тока (ХИТ) позволяет судить о работоспособности источников тока, техническом состоянии, степени заряженности, выполнять синтез систем автоматического управления процессом заряда. Knowledge of the frequency characteristics of chemical current sources (CIT) makes it possible to judge the operability of current sources, technical condition, degree of charge, and to perform the synthesis of automatic control systems for the charge process.
Известны различные способы исследования частотных характеристик аккумуляторных источников питания, в частности путем определения активных и реактивных составляющих ее полного внутреннего сопротивления из условия равенства передаточных функций моделирующей установки и математического выражения полного внутреннего сопротивления батареи в операторной форме [1]
Недостатками способа являются малая точность из-за субъективности оценки совпадения переходных характеристик модели и батареи и большое время, затрачиваемое на определение параметров.There are various methods of studying the frequency characteristics of battery power sources, in particular by determining the active and reactive components of its total internal resistance from the condition of equality of the transfer functions of the simulator and the mathematical expression of the total internal resistance of the battery in operator form [1]
The disadvantages of the method are the low accuracy due to the subjectivity of the assessment of the coincidence of the transient characteristics of the model and the battery and the large time spent on determining the parameters.
Наиболее близким к изобретению по технической сущности и достигаемому результату является способ определения амплитудно-частотных и фазочастотных характеристик ХИТ на основании измерения амплитуд и сдвига фаз синусоидального тока фиксированной частоты в аккумуляторе и напряжения на его клеммах [2] При этом ток, формируемый генератором синусоидального тока с регулируемой частотой, пропускают через ХИТ. Переменное напряжение, измеряемое на клеммах ХИТ как отклик на воздействующий ток, подают на специальное измерительное устройство, состоящее из блоков измерения амплитуды и измерения сдвига фаз между напряжением и током. The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a method for determining the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the HIT based on measuring the amplitudes and phase shift of a sinusoidal current of a fixed frequency in the battery and voltage at its terminals [2] In this case, the current generated by the sinusoidal current generator with adjustable frequency, passed through the HIT. An alternating voltage, measured at the HIT terminals as a response to the acting current, is supplied to a special measuring device consisting of units for measuring the amplitude and measuring the phase shift between voltage and current.
Для осуществления указанного способа требуется генератор сложной конструкции с целью обеспечения строго синусоидального тока 0,1 10 А различной частоты (0,01 1000 Гц), включающий генераторы напряжений прямоугольной и треугольной формы, формирователь синусоидального напряжения и источник тока, управляемый напряжением. Для измерения переменного напряжения на клемме аккумулятора необходимы приборы высокой чувствительности при ограничении пропускаемого через аккумулятор тока допустимой плотностью. To implement this method, a generator of complex design is required to provide a strictly sinusoidal current of 0.1 10 A of various frequencies (0.01 to 1000 Hz), including rectangular and triangular voltage generators, a sinusoidal voltage generator and a voltage-controlled current source. To measure the alternating voltage at the battery terminal, high-sensitivity devices are necessary while limiting the current density passed through the battery to an acceptable density.
Способ практически применим для исследования частотных характеристик аккумуляторов малой емкости, так как реализация его при снятии характеристик источников большой емкости и повышенного напряжения, например, тяговых аккумуляторных батарей, требует создания генераторов синусоидального тока большой мощности с большим диапазоном частоты. The method is practically applicable for studying the frequency characteristics of small-capacity batteries, since its implementation when taking characteristics of high-capacity sources and high voltage, for example, traction batteries, requires the creation of high-power sinusoidal current generators with a large frequency range.
Задача изобретения повышение точности определения амплитудно-частотных и фазочастотных характеристик всех типов аккумуляторов (включая тяговые аккумуляторные батареи) в широком диапазоне частот при упрощении конструкции измерительного устройства. The objective of the invention is to increase the accuracy of determining the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of all types of batteries (including traction batteries) in a wide frequency range while simplifying the design of the measuring device.
Сущность изобретения состоит в том, что в способе определения частотных характеристик аккумуляторных источников питания фиксируют несинусоидальные приложенные к батарее напряжение и ток в ней и, разлагая их в гармонический ряд Фурье, по значениям амплитуд и начальных фаз гармоник напряжения и тока определяют комплексные сопротивления батареи для каждой гармоники, их активные и реактивные составляющие. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method for determining the frequency characteristics of rechargeable power supplies, non-sinusoidal voltage and current are applied to the battery and, decomposing them into a Fourier harmonic series, complex impedances of the battery are determined for each amplitude of the voltage and current harmonics for each voltage and current harmonics, their active and reactive components.
Сравнение предлагаемого изобретения не только с прототипом, но и с другими техническими решениями не позволило выявить в них признаки, отличающие предлагаемое решение от прототипа, что позволяет сделать вывод о его соответствии критерию охраноспособности "изобретательский изобретательский уровень". Comparison of the proposed invention not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions did not reveal the features that distinguish the proposed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that it meets the eligibility criterion of "inventive and inventive step".
На фиг. 1 представлена структурная схема устройства для реализации способа; на фиг. 2 кривые изменения напряжения и тока при питании аккумуляторной батареи от генератора прямоугольных импульсов. In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a device for implementing the method; in FIG. 2 curves of changes in voltage and current when the battery is powered by a rectangular pulse generator.
Устройство содержит источник периодического несинусоидального напряжения 1, аккумулятор с последовательно соединенным безиндуктивным резистором 2, аналого-цифровой преобразователь (АЦП) 3 с двумя входами, на которые подаются ток в аккумуляторе и напряжение на нем, электронную вычислительную машину 4. The device contains a source of periodic non-sinusoidal voltage 1, a battery with a non-inductive resistor 2 connected in series, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 3 with two inputs to which the current in the battery and voltage on it are supplied, and an electronic computer 4.
Сущность способа определения частотных характеристик аккумуляторных источников питания заключается в следующем:
На исследуемый аккумулятор с последовательно включенным образцовым резистором 2 подают периодическое несинусоидальное напряжение от генератора. В качестве такого генератора может быть применен, например, генератор прямоугольных импульсов (типа Г 5-6А). Напряжение на безиндуктивном резисторе пропорционально току в аккумуляторе. Аналого-цифровой преобразователь с двумя входами или два преобразователя (типа Ф 422) через равные промежутки времени измеряют ток в аккумуляторе и напряжение на его клеммах. Например, питание аккумуляторной батареи можно осуществлять от генератора прямоугольных импульсов.The essence of the method for determining the frequency characteristics of battery power sources is as follows:
The test battery with a series-connected model resistor 2 serves periodic non-sinusoidal voltage from the generator. As such a generator, for example, a rectangular pulse generator (type G 5-6A) can be used. The voltage across the non-inductive resistor is proportional to the current in the battery. An analog-to-digital converter with two inputs or two converters (type Ф 422) at regular intervals measure the current in the battery and the voltage at its terminals. For example, the battery can be powered by a square wave generator.
Возможно применение специального генератора, обеспечивающего форму напряжения с широким спектром высоких гармоник. It is possible to use a special generator that provides a voltage form with a wide range of high harmonics.
Измеренные несинусоидальные ток и напряжение, например, с помощью компьютера 4 раскладываются в ряды Фурье
По найденным значениям амплитуд тока Imk, амплитуд напряжения Umk и начальным фазам (ψiк, ψuк) для отдельных номеров К гармоник ряда вычисляют комплексные внутренние сопротивления аккумулятора
По комплексным сопротивлениям получают амплитудно-частотные и фазочастотные характеристики аккумуляторных источников питания.Measured non-sinusoidal current and voltage, for example, using computer 4 are laid out in Fourier series
Based on the found values of the current amplitudes I mk , voltage amplitudes U mk and the initial phases (ψ ik , ψ uk ) for individual numbers of harmonics of a series, the complex internal resistances of the battery are calculated
According to the complex resistances, the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of battery power sources are obtained.
В отличие от прототипа в предлагаемом способе отсутствует необходимость в генераторе строго синусоидального тока с регулируемой частотой, вследствие чего повышается точность определения частотных характеристик аккумуляторов, уменьшается время, затрачиваемое на проведение эксперимента и обработку результатов, появляется возможность использования этого способа в автоматизированных системах диагностики аккумуляторных батарей. Unlike the prototype, in the proposed method there is no need for a strictly sinusoidal current generator with adjustable frequency, as a result of which the accuracy of determining the frequency characteristics of the batteries increases, the time spent on the experiment and processing the results is reduced, it becomes possible to use this method in automated battery diagnostic systems.
Проведенные исследования различных типов аккумуляторов подтвердили возможность использования предлагаемого способа для получения частотных характеристик и оценки технического состояния, степени заряженности и работоспособности аккумуляторных батарей. Studies of various types of batteries have confirmed the possibility of using the proposed method to obtain frequency characteristics and assess the technical condition, degree of charge and battery performance.
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| RU95109340A RU2089015C1 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1995-06-06 | Method for determining frequency characteristics of battery power supply sources |
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|---|---|
| RU95109340A (en) | 1997-04-27 |
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