WO2000008507A2 - Dispositif et procede de focalisation automatique et d'exposition a la lumiere de systemes de prise de vues - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede de focalisation automatique et d'exposition a la lumiere de systemes de prise de vues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000008507A2
WO2000008507A2 PCT/DE1999/002386 DE9902386W WO0008507A2 WO 2000008507 A2 WO2000008507 A2 WO 2000008507A2 DE 9902386 W DE9902386 W DE 9902386W WO 0008507 A2 WO0008507 A2 WO 0008507A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image recording
recording device
data
image
exposure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1999/002386
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000008507B1 (fr
WO2000008507A3 (fr
Inventor
Stephan Stach
Lutz MÜLLER
Original Assignee
Tuhh-Technologie Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tuhh-Technologie Gmbh filed Critical Tuhh-Technologie Gmbh
Priority to DE19981510T priority Critical patent/DE19981510D2/de
Priority to AU63254/99A priority patent/AU6325499A/en
Publication of WO2000008507A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000008507A2/fr
Publication of WO2000008507A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000008507A3/fr
Publication of WO2000008507B1 publication Critical patent/WO2000008507B1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/71—Circuitry for evaluating the brightness variation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for automatic focusing and exposure of image recording systems according to the preambles of claims 1 and 11 and the use of the device and / or the method according to claim 14.
  • the known image recording systems consist of an image recording device, for example a "CCD camera” (charge coupled device) or a video camera with light-sensitive photo sensors, which record the corresponding object and forward analog or digital image signals to a data processing system.
  • CCD camera charge coupled device
  • video camera with light-sensitive photo sensors
  • This data processing system can have different structures.
  • CCD cameras for example, it is known to either store the corresponding digital data supplied by the light-sensitive photo sensors on a magnetic tape or a so-called "mini disk", or to process them directly using a computer.
  • these are usually compressed before they are stored on a suitable data carrier in order to reduce the amount of data.
  • the compressed data is then either decompressed to be displayed on a suitable display device or stored to be portable.
  • these conventional image recording systems there are different possibilities both to adjust the focusing of the camera lens according to the distance between the camera and the object or to set the exposure time according to the existing lighting of the object to be recorded.
  • grayscale levels So-called “auto-focus” cameras are known, for example, which adjust the sharpness of the recorded image by means of grayscale levels.
  • the image is broken down row by row and column by column into so-called “pixels", each pixel corresponding to a specific gray value.
  • the discrete delimitation of different gray value levels (“threshold”) allows the different areas of the recorded object to be separated within the image in order to achieve a certain sharpness.
  • This information is also suitable for automatic focusing of the lens by analyzing the corresponding gray value levels and adjusting the focus in such a way that the best selectivity and thus also the optimal focus can be set with a maximum gradient between the gray value levels.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of improving the known systems for automatically adjusting the focus or exposure such that the data processing system is not only cheaper and less expensive to produce, but also has fewer components and faster results achieved.
  • the focus and exposure time setting should be user-independent and the susceptibility to interference of the known image recording systems should be reduced.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for automatic focusing and exposure of image recording systems, with an image recording device which is movable relative to the object to be recorded and which by means of a focusing direction and an exposure and / or an illumination device have images of objects different sharpness and brightness.
  • the image recording device supplies data to a data processing system and uses the data processing system Data for automatically adjusting the focus or the exposure for recording the object by the image recording device.
  • a manipulated variable is used to change the focus or the exposure for recording the object, this manipulated variable being determined by the amount of data that the data processing system processes.
  • the invention is based on the principle that the storage space required for the image data to be stored is greater, the sharper the image of the object is imaged on the photo sensors, and the storage space requirement is greater, the more the illuminance or the exposure. time approaches the optimum of the overall system (object, lenses, recording, transmission and conversion components).
  • the dependence of the storage space requirement of the image data to be stored on the sharpness set is determined.
  • the image information created during the recording is first converted into digital information in order to then be compressed by an algorithm.
  • This algorithm is designed in such a way that no image information is lost during the compression and the compression rate is variable, so that the storage space requirement of the image data to be stored changes when the parameter distance between the object and the camera or the focal length setting of the lens of the camera used, and when changing the illuminance of the object or the exposure time of the photo sensors also changes.
  • the storage space requirement is therefore related to the maximum compression rate that can be achieved, which in turn depends on the sharpness or brightness of the image.
  • the dependence of the storage space requirement on the illuminance (or the exposure duration) of the object is obtained.
  • Both dependencies that is, the dependency of the storage space requirement on the focal length setting or the distance between the object and the photo sensors and, on the other hand, when the illuminance or exposure time changes, are independent of one another and can therefore be viewed individually. That the storage space requirement of the compressed image information data is variable at the maximum possible compression rate is due to the fact that e.g. B. larger homogeneous areas of the same intensity value (that is, without details) can be summarized without the image losing its information content.
  • the manipulated variable for setting the focusing or the exposure of the distance or the lighting is the amount of compressed data, the size of the stored data File, the inverse compression rate, or a combination of these sizes.
  • This manipulated variable is passed on to a controller, which then adjusts according to the distance between the image recording device and the object or the focal length of the lens of the image recording device, or accordingly also adjusts the exposure time of the image recording device or the illuminance of the lighting device that illuminates the object.
  • the maximum manipulated variable for example the minimum compression rate, is thus a measure of the optimal setting of the image recording system.
  • This principle that is to say the corresponding device or the corresponding method, can also be used in already existing image processing systems which are equipped with the system according to the invention in such a way that the generated image data in the sense of the principle according to the invention for automatic adjustment of the focusing and / or the exposure can be used to record the object by the image recording device.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the invention
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the invention
  • An image recording device 2 is arranged above an object 1, the image recording device 2 being located within an adjustment device 17, which adjusts the distance d between the object 1 and the image recording device 2 by means of vertical movement, that is to say adjustment of the image recording device 2.
  • the image recording device 2 has a specific recording cone 15 in order to record objects 1 of different sizes.
  • the image recording device 2 supplies image signals 9 to an image signal converter 4, which either converts analog signals into digital signals or forwards the digital image signals 9 directly.
  • the image signal converter 4 is suitable for converting corresponding image signals 9 into digital signals 10, which can be compressed by a compression system 5.
  • the compression system 5 compresses the digital signals 10 arriving from the image signal converter 4 and then forwards data 16 to a memory 6.
  • These manipulated variables 11 can be both the compression rate of the compression system and a size of the storage space requirement of the memory 6, that is to say for example the file size of the image file stored in the memory 6 (in KB).
  • the controller 7 either delivers the manipulated variable 11 directly to a display 8 or converts the manipulated variable 11 into a lighting exposure setting signal 12 or an exposure
  • Focus adjustment signal 13 ⁇ m which are used for automatic focusing or exposure time or illumination.
  • the illumination setting signal 12 is forwarded to an illumination device 3, which illuminates the object 1 by means of a light cone 14.
  • the exposure / sharpness setting signal 13 is forwarded to the adjusting device 17 or the image recording device 2 in order to either set the distance d between the image recording device 2 and the object 1 there or to control the corresponding exposure time or to adjust the focal length of the image recording device 2 accordingly adjust.
  • Adjustment device 17 with image recording device 2 image signal converter
  • compression system 5 memory 6 and controller 7 and the corresponding data lines are combined in the data processing system 18.
  • Fig. 2 shows the dependence of the distance between the
  • the file size is given on the Y axis in kB.
  • the values on the X axis correspond to the graduation marks on the focus wheel of the image recording device 2 and are shown here without a unit.
  • the distance d of the exposure / lens system of the camera used in the adjusting device 17 to the object 1 is changed with the focus wheel.
  • the focal length of the lens system (objective) can also be changed with a constant object distance d. Both types the focus setting is comparable and corresponds to the X axis in FIG. 2.
  • the storage space requirement of the compressed image information is plotted on the Y axis.
  • Fig. 2 11 pictures with different focus settings are made and stored compressed. Depending on the desired degree of optimization, however, more or fewer, for example 20 or 5, recordings are also possible.
  • the file sizes in kB of the compressed image information are then plotted on the Y axis.
  • FIG. 3 shows a similar dependency of the storage space requirement as in FIG. 2 with constant sharpness adjustment between the variable exposure time of the photo sensor used or the chosen illuminance of the illuminating device 3.
  • this system can be used simultaneously for the exposure duration or the illuminance optimally set the object independently of the user and system (regardless of the optical and electronic components used).
  • the degree of brightness of the recorded image is plotted on the X axis, while the Y axis, similar to FIG. 2, indicates the file size of the compressed and stored image data. It can also be seen here that the
  • Fig. 4 shows the relationships between the illuminance / exposure time, the distance d, that is, the distance between the object 1 and the image recording device 2 or the focal length setting of the lens used in the image recording device 2 and the resulting file size of the stored image, which a Represents a measure of the storage space requirement (also here in kB).
  • the setting of the illuminance is independent of the setting of the sharpness or the setting of the exposure time from the setting of the distance b or vice versa, the storage space requirement can be associated with both parameters, it is possible to show these relationships in a three-dimensional diagram as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 it can be seen that there is a certain focus setting and an illuminance (exposure time) setting in which the storage space requirement and thus the information content of the recording is maximum or the compression rate is minimal.
  • the correct setting of the illuminance (or exposure time) and the sharpness can be found if the image information continuously runs through the compression algorithm during the actual image acquisition and the size of the compressed image file or the level of the compression rate or a corresponding auxiliary size is continuously displayed on the monitor or is used to set the corresponding components.
  • the method according to the invention first runs through the entire focus area and thus quickly finds the point of the maximum file size, based on the focus setting. Then move in the diagram of Fig. 4 on the focus curve at a constant illuminance and stop at the maximum. Then the algorithm or the method according to the invention traverses the entire illuminance range by changing the exposure time or the illuminance of the illuminating device 3 or the aperture of the lens and thus quickly finds the maximum in relation to the corresponding file size. The process looks for the illuminance curve with a constant focus setting or vice versa. The maximum (peak) of the "storage space requirement mountain" can thus be determined from any position.
  • a corresponding compression algorithm is contained in a programmable electronic circuit.
  • the digital image information of the photo sensors is compressed by the compression algorithm and the compressed image information (or the identical image information) plus further information regarding the compression rate of the file size or a corresponding auxiliary size is then used to automatically optimize the sharpness as well as the illuminance or the exposure time adjust.
  • the method and the device according to the invention can be used in an image processing system by equipping it with the above-mentioned programmable electronic circuit and permanently compressing the image information with the algorithm and making the corresponding manipulated variable 11 (compression rate, storage space requirement or auxiliary variable) available becomes.
  • the required sharpness as well as the illuminance or exposure time can be adjusted quickly, easily and inexpensively, automatically or manually, even in conventional image processing systems.
  • the device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for metrological applications and for surface and structure recognition. In this way, for example, material examinations and material tests can be carried out.
  • the device and the method for structural analysis in the field of biology and chemistry, such as in electron microscopy.
  • a suitable image evaluation can also be used to estimate the quantity of the recorded objects. For example, the number of people, cells, animals or other objects can be recorded.
  • a special measurement application is the target distance detection and control.
  • distances can be determined quickly and reliably, so that distance control, such as distance control, is also possible without problems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de focalisation automatique et d'exposition à la lumière de systèmes de prise de vues, selon lequel on utilise un appareil de prise de vues (2) pour photographier des objets (1). Cet appareil de prise de vues (2) est mobile par rapport à l'objet (1). Un équipement de focalisation et un équipement d'exposition à la lumière ou d'éclairage (3) permettent de prendre des photos de différentes nettetés et luminosités. Les données de l'appareil de prise de vues (2) sont retransmises à un système de traitement de données (18) qui règle automatiquement la focalisation et/ou l'exposition à la lumière pour photographier l'objet (1). La quantité des données, éventuellement comprimées, traitées par le système de traitement de données, sert de grandeur de réglage (11) permettant de modifier la focalisation automatique et/ou l'exposition à la lumière ou l'éclairage de l'objet (1) en vue de photographier l'objet (1).
PCT/DE1999/002386 1998-08-05 1999-08-03 Dispositif et procede de focalisation automatique et d'exposition a la lumiere de systemes de prise de vues WO2000008507A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19981510T DE19981510D2 (de) 1998-08-05 1999-08-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur automatischen Fokussierung und Belichtung von Bildaufnahmesystemen
AU63254/99A AU6325499A (en) 1998-08-05 1999-08-03 Method and device for automatic focusing and illumination in image-recording systems

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19835284.0 1998-08-05
DE19835284A DE19835284C2 (de) 1998-08-05 1998-08-05 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur automatischen Fokussierung und Belichtung von Bildaufnahmesystemen

Publications (3)

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WO2000008507A2 true WO2000008507A2 (fr) 2000-02-17
WO2000008507A3 WO2000008507A3 (fr) 2000-05-11
WO2000008507B1 WO2000008507B1 (fr) 2000-07-06

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DE (2) DE19835284C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000008507A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005017840A1 (de) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-26 Premier Image Technology Corp. Verfahren zum Fokussieren einer Bilderfassungseinrichtung
US8822147B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2014-09-02 General Electric Company Sequential analysis of biological samples
US9201063B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2015-12-01 General Electric Company Sequential analysis of biological samples
US9677125B2 (en) 2009-10-21 2017-06-13 General Electric Company Detection of plurality of targets in biological samples

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DE10309040A1 (de) * 2003-03-01 2004-09-09 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Belichtungszeitoptimierung
JPWO2007086387A1 (ja) * 2006-01-30 2009-06-18 日本電気株式会社 撮像装置、撮像制御方法及び撮像制御プログラム

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005017840A1 (de) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-26 Premier Image Technology Corp. Verfahren zum Fokussieren einer Bilderfassungseinrichtung
US8822147B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2014-09-02 General Electric Company Sequential analysis of biological samples
US9201063B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2015-12-01 General Electric Company Sequential analysis of biological samples
US9518982B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2016-12-13 General Electric Company Sequential analysis of biological samples
US9677125B2 (en) 2009-10-21 2017-06-13 General Electric Company Detection of plurality of targets in biological samples

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19981510D2 (de) 2001-07-26
DE19835284A1 (de) 2000-02-10
WO2000008507B1 (fr) 2000-07-06
WO2000008507A3 (fr) 2000-05-11
DE19835284C2 (de) 2001-03-01
AU6325499A (en) 2000-02-28

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