Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
  • F16H15/48—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion
  • F16H15/50—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
  • F16H15/52—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of another member

Definitions

• the invention relates to an apparatus for changing revolutions.
• Said drives are formed by driving mechanisms with a variable speed drive or with an infinitely variable speed drive, e.g. drive conversion units.
• driving mechanisms with a variable speed drive or with an infinitely variable speed drive, e.g. drive conversion units.
• epicyclic gears formed by a crown gear and satellites.
• a common drawbacks of said mechanisms are their big dimensions, especially when a big range of changing of the driving relation is required.
• the advantage of the apparatus according to the invention resides in the fact that because of its design it makes it possible, for it to be of small dimensions. By means of a small axial shift of the rolling main satellite, it is possible to achieve a considerable change in revolutions of the outlet shaft.
• the main satellite is provided with an internal rotary surface, against which a rolling small satellite is pressed, being seated on a shaft, and the small satellite is adjustable both in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stator, and in the direction to the internal wall of the stator.
• the main satellite is seated on a shaft which passes through a mechanism for shifting the shaft in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stator.
• the shaft of the main satellite is swingable at least in the section between the mechanism for shifting the shaft and the main satellite. Said swing can be achieved in many ways.
• the main satellite may be provided, in the section between the mechanism for shifting the shaft and the main satellite, with an universal joint, or with a coupling of the type Oldham, or with a ball joint, etc.
• the mechanism for shifting the shaft in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stator can be realized in various ways too. According to advantageous embodiments it may consist of a sleeve, in which the shaft of the main satellite is axially fixed, and the sleeve is axially adjustable in the longitudinal axis of the stator.
• the sleeve can be provided with an external thread which is seated in a threaded hole in the stator, or the sleeve can be fixed to the stator at least by means of two direct hydraulic motors.
• the sleeve may be eventually mounted for allowing sliding in the hole of the stator and against the sleeve from one side bears a compression spring and from the opposite side a lever mechanism is provided.
• the stator is seated in a box in which the stator is adjustable in the direction of the longitudinal axis by means of a motion screw.
• a couple of rolling pushing satellites which are arranged on arms seated on the longitudinal axis of the stator, and touch points between the pushing satellites and the main satellite lie symmetrically, outside the connecting line passing through the centre of the stator and the touch point of the main satellite and the stator.
• the arms of pushing satellites may be joined together by means of a tension spring.
• the pushing satellites may bear either against the external surface of the main satellite or against a groove in the main satellite.
• Fig. 1 , 2 the first embodiment example according to the invention in the side view and face view
• Fig. 3, 4, 5 various embodiments of a mechanism for shifting the shaft in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stator
• Fig. 6, 7 an embodiment example according to the invention with a small satellite in a side view and front view
• FIG. 8 to 11 further embodiment examples according to the invention with a small satellite
• Fig. 12 an embodiment example according to the invention with a small satellite and traversable stator
• Fig. 13, 14 an embodiment example according to the invention with a couple of pushing satellites.
• FIGs. 1 and 2 there is shown, in a schematic way, an application of the apparatus according to the invention for a rolling fluid machine, known e.g. from the international patent application PCT/CZ97/00034.
• a stator 1 is represented in this case by a conical box of a rolling fluid machine, the rotor of which is formed by a main satellite 2.
• the main satellite 2 is seated in the stator on a shaft 3 which passes through a mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1.
• the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 is elasticly swingable in an area 4 between tho mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 and the main satellite 2, so that in a rest condition, the shaft 3 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1 , and the main satellite 2 is not touching the internal surface of the stator 1.
• the revolution change of the shaft 3 will be achieved by the fact that by means of the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3, the main satellite 2 is shifted in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1. Revolutions of the shaft 3 are reduced, if the main satellite 2 on Fig. 1 is moved to the right. The same effect might be achieved, of course, by means of an axial shift of the stator 1 in the direction of its longitudinal axis 100.
• the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1 may be realized by means of various known mechanisms. Three embodiment examples are shown on Figs. 3, 4 and 5.
• the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 according to Fig. 3 consists of a sleeve 40, in which, by means of a groove and collar, the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 is axially and unadjustably seated.
• the sleeve 40 is provided with an external thread which is screwed in a threaded hole of the face wall of the stator 1.
• the position of the sleeve 40, and in this way even the position of the main satellite 2 with respect to the stator 1, can be easily changed by screwing in or out the sleeve 40 by a determined part, and in this way revolutions of the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 are changed as well.
• the set up position of the sleeve 40 is locked by a lock nut 41.
• the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 makes it possible to perform a remote control of a revolution change of the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2.
• the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 consists of an analogous sleeve 40 as the mechanism shown on Fig. 3, but in this case, the sleeve 4 is mounted to the stator 1 by means of a couple of direct hydraulic motors 43, so that the shift of the main satellite 2 in the axis 100 can be controlled by shifting out piston rods of said direct hydraulic motors 43, viz. by supplying pressure liquid.
• the direct hydraulic motors 43 may be replaced with pneumatic motors.
• FIG. 5 Another embodiment example of the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 is shown on Fig. 5 and it consists again of a sleeve 40, of an analogous design as of the sleeve according to Fig. 3.
• the sleeve 40 is not provided with the external thread, but it is mounted for allowing sliding in the hole of the face wall of the stator 1 , into which it is pushed by means of a lever mechanism 45. In the opposite direction, it is moved out by means of a compression spring 44.
• the lever mechanism 45 By readjusting the lever mechanism 45, the main satellite 2 is moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100, and in this way a revolution change of the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 is realized.
• the main satellite 2 need not be put in the rolling movement by means of a liquid, as it is at the embodiment on Fig. 1 and 2, but its rolling movement can be realized mechanically. In such a case it concerns a gearbox, where the change of the change ratio between revolutions of the driven and driving shaft is realized.
• FIGs. 6 and 7 there is illustrated another embodiment example of the apparatus according to the invention which consists of the stator 1 , the internal walls of which are tapered in a conical way.
• the main satellite 2 is seated on the shaft 3.
• the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 is seated in the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3, with respect to the stator, in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1.
• Embodiment examples of the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 are illustrated on Figs. 3, 4 and 5, and they have been described above.
• the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 is made of rigid sections, which are joined by means of an universal joint 6 in the part between the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 and the main satellite 2.
• the main satellite 2 is provided with an internal rotary surface 37, against which a rolling small satellite 7, seated on a shaft 8, is pushed.
• the small satellite 7 is traversable, together with its shaft 8, in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1 , viz. by means of an unshown mechanism, which can be carried out e.g. as the mechanism 5 for shifting the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2.
• the small satellite 7 is also pushed, by means of a pushing mechanism 9, against the internal rotary surface 37 of the main satellite 2, and, because of it, the main satellite 2 is pushed against the internal wall of the stator 1.
• the pushing mechanism 9, as to the embodiment shown on Fig. 6, is formed by a pneumatic cylinder. Of course, any other known element for realizing the pushing effect, e.g. a spring, can be applied.
• the main satellite 2 may roll in the stator 1 in the same way as the small satellite 7 in the main satellite 2, either as a friction drive, or contact surfaces may be provided with gearing, grooving, eventually with a combination of said known embodiments.
• the ratio i indicating the revolution number performed by the shaft 8 of the small satellite 7 per one revolution of the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 is determined by the formula:
• indicates the diameter of the main satellite 2
• ds indicates the diameter of the stator 1 in the spot of contact with the main satellite 2.
• the apparatus according to the invention is to work as a reducer, its basic dimensions must comply with the condition d s > d
• the stator 1 is of a conical shape with the vertex angle 14°. By shifting the main satellite 2 into the conical stator 1 by 70 mm, the main satellite 2 is shifted into the place, where the diameter ds of the stator 1 is equal to 182,8 mm.
• Such an embodiment works as a reducer which changes 7,14 times revolutions of the driven shaft 3 of the main satellite 2.
• the stator 1 is of a conical shape with the vertex angle 90°. By shifting the main satellite 2 out of the conical stator 1 by 75 mm, the main satellite 2 is shifted into the place, where the diameter ds of the stator 1 is equal to 350 mm.
• Such an embodiment works as a multiplicator of revolutions which changes 1 ,98 times revolutions of the driven shaft 3 of the main satellite 2.
• Various drive conditions can be achieved by applying exchangeable main satellites 2 with various diameters.
• the change of the change ratio can be achieved by changing the shape of internal walls of the stator 1 , the diameter of which can be changed e.g. in a linear way, parabolic or hyperparabolic way, and the like.
• FIG. 8 Further embodiment examples according to the invention are illustrated on Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, the main design parts and functions are analogous as those of the already described embodiments shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Said embodiments differ as to the shape of the contact surface between the main satellite 2 and the wall of the stator 1.
• the embodiment according to Figs. 6 and 7 has a planary (respectively a straight line bearing) contact between the main satellite 2 and the wall of the stator 1 , as to embodiments shown on Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, said contact is in fact a point contact.
• the embodiments shown on Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 differ from the embodiment shown on Figs. 6 and 7 in the following design details.
• the embodiment on Fig. 9 has a pushing mechanism 9 which is formed by a hinged mechanism with an unshown spring.
• the embodiment on Fig. 10 has, instead of an universal joint, a coupling 11 of the type Oldham.
• the embodiment on Fig. 11 has, instead of an universal joint, a ball-and-socket joint. It has also a small satellite 7 in the shape of a ball which rolls on the internal rotary surface 37 having a corresponding shape.
• the pushing mechanism 9 is formed by a joint with an unshown spring.
• the embodiment on Fig. 12 has an analogous design as the embodiment on Fig. 11.
• the difference resides in the fact that the relative motion between the main satellite 2 and the stator 1 is not achieved by a shift of the main satellite 2, but by shifting the stator 1.
• the stator 1 is transversally seated in a box 46.
• To the stator there is joined an unshown nut, through which a motion screw 47 passes, which is fixed in the box 46.
• a motion screw 47 passes, which is fixed in the box 46.
• the box 46 there are seated antifriction bearings of the shaft 3 of the main satellite 2 and of the shaft 8 of the small satellite.
• the revolution change is performed by turning the motion screw 47, and in this way the stator 1 is axially shifted with respect to the unmovable main satellite 2.
• FIG. 13 and 14 Said two embodiments differ from the embodiments on Fig. 6, 7 only by the fact that instead of one small satellite 7 they are provided with a couple of pushing satellites 17, which are carried by a couple of arms 18, seated rotatingly on the longitudinal axis 100 of the stator 1. Contact points between the pushing satellites 17 and the main satellite 2 lie symmetrically outside the connecting line passing through the centre of the stator 1 and the contact point of the main satellite 2 and the stator 1. The arms 18 of the pushing satellites 17 are joined together by means of a tension spring 12.
• the pushing satellites 17 bear against the external surface of the main satellite 2, but as to the embodiment on Fig. 14, the pushing satellites 17 bear against a groove 28 made in the main satellite 2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transmission Devices (AREA)
• Friction Gearing (AREA)
• Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=5465078

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

Citations (8)

• 1998
  • 1998-08-07 CZ CZ19982505A patent/CZ286542B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1999
  • 1999-08-02 WO PCT/CZ1999/000027 patent/WO2000008358A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1999-08-02 AU AU48953/99A patent/AU4895399A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

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