WO2000005769A1 - Cellule a tension differentielle - Google Patents

Cellule a tension differentielle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000005769A1
WO2000005769A1 PCT/GB1998/002172 GB9802172W WO0005769A1 WO 2000005769 A1 WO2000005769 A1 WO 2000005769A1 GB 9802172 W GB9802172 W GB 9802172W WO 0005769 A1 WO0005769 A1 WO 0005769A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
differential voltage
cell according
voltage cell
thermoelectric device
photovoltaic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/002172
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter King
Original Assignee
Btg International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9701054.0A external-priority patent/GB9701054D0/en
Priority to GB9800968A priority Critical patent/GB2321338B/en
Application filed by Btg International Ltd filed Critical Btg International Ltd
Priority to PCT/GB1998/002172 priority patent/WO2000005769A1/fr
Priority to GB0100040A priority patent/GB2354637A/en
Priority to AU84530/98A priority patent/AU8453098A/en
Publication of WO2000005769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000005769A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80—Constructional details
    • H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
    • H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
    • H10N10/852—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising tellurium, selenium or sulfur
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a differential voltage cell which is able to convert and direct solar radiation into electrical and thermal energy.
  • Solar cells are well known devices which produce electrical energy from sunlight.
  • Thermoelectric devices are also well known and can produce electrical energy from temperature differentials. In both devices the movement of holes and electrons produce the electrical output.
  • the present invention relates to the combination of such devices in a unit cell, a number of which unit cells may be connected together.
  • One of the applications of the present invention is in the supply of power for domestic use.
  • Heating of any description for example heating water, usually requires more energy than can be supplied by the solar cells, so that the extra energy must be obtained from other sources, normally the connected national electrical grid.
  • Certain embodiments of the invention address the above problems by producing more electricity from a smaller area of semiconductor material than by conventional solar cells and, as a by-product, heating water or another liquid or gas (such as a refrigerant fluid) in a heat exchanger construction for directly useful purposes, such as hot water for showers.
  • a further improvement in efficiency of these embodiments can be achieved by control from an "intelligent" device, such as a microprocessor, even to the extent of possibly cooling the internal rooms of a house during the summer.
  • Another application of this invention is on moving vehicles, such as electric or hydrogen powered cars. Electricity, produced and regulated by airflow or otherwise, could be used to supply direct power or to power electrolytic cells.
  • Prior art devices which produce electricity through heat and light are mentioned in the literature, for example US 3,956,017, but have disadvantages.
  • a differential voltage cell in which a photovoltaic cell or solar cell is separated from a Peltier device by a thermally conductive but electrically insulating body.
  • the Peltier device may consist of a series of p-n elements in the classical configuration. A plurality of stacked Peltier devices may be used.
  • the Peltier device(s) and the solar cell are connected to each other by an electrically conductive means, such as wires, preferably in series, although parallel arrangements can also be considered.
  • the thermally conductive but electrically insulating body may be made in part, or wholly, of a ceramic or pipe or container.
  • the container or pipe is preferably metal, preferably black, having water or some other liquid or gas passing through it.
  • the electrically insulating but thermally conductive body may be made in part, or wholly, from semiconductor material, or otherwise, such as carbon, silicon, germanium, ZnS, CdS, CdSe, ZnO, GaP, CdTe, ZnTe, GaAs or a suitable form of carbon (such as diamond or C 60 structures).
  • semiconductor material such as carbon, silicon, germanium, ZnS, CdS, CdSe, ZnO, GaP, CdTe, ZnTe, GaAs or a suitable form of carbon (such as diamond or C 60 structures).
  • semiconductor material or otherwise, such as carbon, silicon, germanium, ZnS, CdS, CdSe, ZnO, GaP, CdTe, ZnTe, GaAs or a suitable form of carbon (such as diamond or C 60 structures).
  • suitable form of carbon such as diamond or C 60 structures.
  • Plastics and polymers could also be used such as polyethylene, polyamide such as Nylon (6,6), polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, sexithiophene, 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminium and poly-p- phenylenevinylene (P.P.V.).
  • Mixtures, compounds or ceramics such as silicon carbide, boron nitride, NiO, MnO and CoO may be used, some of which are used for resistors.
  • a focusing lens, reflector, or parabolic dish is disposed to concentrate radiation onto the surfaces of a differential voltage cell according to the invention.
  • a differential voltage cell can comprise a number of unit cells, comprising . solar cells and Peltier devices, connected such that only two electrical outputs exist.
  • the unit cells can be connected in parallel or in series.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a single unit cell comprising a combined Peltier and photovoltaic device according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows embodiments diagrammatically represented, of a unit cell according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates diagrammatically the electrical connections internally in a unit cell according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 4,
  • Figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of a single unit cell with more than one combination of Peltier and photovoltaic devices according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 and Figure 6 illustrate further embodiments and show how the differential voltage cells can be used in certain applications, described previously, according to the present invention.
  • Figures 7, 8 and 9 show other embodiments of different internal constructions relating to cooling at the photovoltaic junction or junctions.
  • the unit cell of Figure 1 comprises a photovoltaic cell 2 with electrical outputs 8 and 9 and a thermoelectric (Peltier) device 4 with electrical outputs 10 and 11.
  • the Peltier device 4 comprises n- and p- type materials arranged in sequence with junctions between them (as known).
  • An electrically insulating and thermally conductive body in the form of a plate 3 is located between the cell 2 and the Peltier device 4.
  • a further similar electrically insulating and thermally conducting plate 5 is located between the underside of the Peltier device 4 and finned cooling body 6. Airflow may be provided over the body 6 as indicated at 7.
  • a lens 1 is used for concentrating sunlight on the upper surface of the photovoltaic cell 2.
  • the output 9 from the photovoltaic cell can be connected to the output 11 from the
  • Peltier device An electrical output will then be obtained between 10 and 8.
  • the temperature of the photovoltaic cell 2 will increase and heat will be transferred through the plate 3 to the Peltier device 4, the plate 5 and the fmned body 6. Only a small proportion of the output from the photovoltaic cell 2 will be used in the Peltier device 4 to transfer more heat energy from the plate to the plate 5, provided the cell 2 and device 4 are matched properly. This is due to the current produced in the Peltier device 4 from the temperature differential between the plates 3 and 5 (produced by the concentration of the lens 1) contributing to the overall effect.
  • this arrangement cooled the solar cell by 1.6°C when the motor was connected.
  • the temperature differential was held at 5°C lower than the open circuit condition.
  • the heat sink temperature was approximately 22°C at equilibrium and no extra cooling had been applied, either from water, liquid, gas or air (wind velocity ⁇ 0). If additional cooling had been used (tap water temperature on the day was 12°C) then a greater cooling figure and, in some circumstances, a larger output would have been expected.
  • V Voltage due to temperature differential across P and N arms. Other symbols which will be used are:
  • Nd doping concentration of donors (electrons) in N-arm.
  • Na doping concentration of acceptors (holes) in P-arm.
  • ni intrinsic carrier concentration of material.
  • ⁇ T voltage differential across P and N arms.
  • Nd Na
  • V and V p are equal, then A p must be increased or L increased to maintain this relationship.
  • CdTe operating up to 150°C could be used as a photo-voltaic device in this configuration, allowing the cooling water to reach temperatures of up to 60°C.
  • N and P arms materials which may be used in the N and P arms, and/or the photovoltaic device or otherwise (such as the conductor connecting the N and P arms) are, and note that a plurality of these materials may be used in the N and P arms:
  • HgIn 2 Te 8 PbS, PbSe, PbTe, GdSe, NiD, Mg 2 Si Mg 2 Ge, Mg 2 S n , Sb 2 Te 3 , Bi 2 Se 3 , Bi 2 Te 3 , B, Se, Te, SnO 2 , ⁇ -In 2 Te 2 , B-In 2 Te 3 , InSb, CdO, CdS, ZnSb, CdSb, Bi 2 S 2 , Bi 2 Se 2 , Bi 2 Te 2 , Mg 2 Sb 2 , Zn 2 As 2 , Cd 2 As 2 , GaSe, GaTe, InSe, TlSe, Ga 2 Te 3 , CuInSe 2 , CuS, Zn 3 P 2 , CuAlO 2 , In 2 O 3 , SnO 2 .
  • FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the device containing a number of possible variations.
  • the photovoltaic cell comprises n- and p-type semiconductors 14,
  • the layers 16/17 and 21 are preferably made from a ceramic or polymer material having properties of high thermal conductivity but electrically insulating. By this process an electrical output is produced at 10 and 11 while the temperature at layer 17 is greater than the temperature at layer 21. Heat at 21 will then be transferred via the conduit 22 to the fluid 23.
  • a chamber 13 may be used to insulate from heat or trap heat around the solar cell 14, 15 and also possibly the conduit 18 and layers 16, 17.
  • the chamber 13 could also be used to contain the flow of water, or another liquid or gas, employed to cool the solar cell 14, 15.
  • Figure 2 A further modification of Figure 2 would be to replace the conduit 22 with a heat sink as in Figure 1, use air for cooling the lower surface 21 and allow heat from the solar cell 14, 15 to be absorbed by the fluid 19 flowing through the sandwiched between the layers 16, 17. 9 would be connected to 11 for the overall output. Once the fluid 19 had absorbed heat, electrical output and hot water could result as described previously.
  • connection 10 would be connected to 9, because the current is flowing in a different direction, so that in the beginning (e.g. in the morning) the layer 21 becomes the hot face and the layer 17 the cool face.
  • the conduit 18 and its fluid 19 absorb the heat flowing from the Peltier device 20 and the solar cell 14, 15.
  • a switch 28 may be employed, as shown in Figure 3, controlled by a device such as a microprocessor 27, to change the connections between 9, 10 and 11, i.e. to connect 9 to 11 in the event of the layer 17 becoming hotter than the layer 21.
  • Output was 0.58V at 98mA from the device, the Peltier device and solar cell being combined as described.
  • the normal output of the solar cell was 0.4V at 100mA in direct sunlight.
  • fluids 19 and 23 flow and regulate the temperature in the layers 16, 17 and 21.
  • One of the conduits 18 or 22 could be the cold inlet from a water mains supply and the other the heated water derived from the function of the cell (as explained previously) with connections 9, 10 and 1 1 being controlled as in Figure 3.
  • some control of the flow of the fluids 19 and 23 is required.
  • cold water can be directed to flow through the conduit 18 and the solar cell used to drive the Peltier device 20 such that the fluid 23 is cooled below its ambient temperature. In this way the device could possibly be used to cool the house during the summer.
  • This device can be placed in the positions shown by Figures 5 (52) and 6 (61).
  • Figure 4 shows a further embodiment in block diagram form which illustrates that a number of Peltier devices 31, 47 and solar cell devices 30, 32 can be used within the same unit cell.
  • fluid flows 33 and 35 are not included so that surfaces 40 and 41 and surfaces 36 and 37 touch while conducting heat.
  • This device (used for example in the positions shown in Figure5 (52) and Figure 6 (61)) allows radiation to impinge on the solar cells 30 and 32 transferring the heat via Peltier devices 31 and 47 to a flowing fluid 34, which can be air, liquid or gas within a pipe or other suitable container or conduit.
  • 42, 44, 45 and 46 are the outputs from the solar cells and Peltier devices connected via 43, so that currents flow in addition and can be controlled by a switch similar to that indicated at 27, 28 in Figure 3.
  • a switch similar to that indicated at 27, 28 in Figure 3.
  • the temperature of the upper and lower faces of 48, 49 the solar cells respectively are hotter than the surfaces 38, 39 and the fluid 34. Heat is then usefully transferred to the fluid 34 during the course of the day.
  • FIG. 5 shows at 52 a single unit cell as described in any of Figures 1-4. It gives an example of how the cell may be utilised (as previously described by some examples). Solar radiation can be concentrated by a lens or Fesnel lens 51 onto the surface of the cell 52.
  • FIG. 6 is another variation on Figure 5 showing an exaggerated view of a cell ⁇ l, according to the invention, on a roof 58.
  • Solar radiation 56 is reflected or concentrated by a reflector or other device 57 onto the cell 61 and also by a parabolic reflector 62 positioned away from the roof.
  • the cell 61 is supported by a mounting bracket 60 and is supplied through a pipe 59 with water or other fluid from the house. Whether mounted on a roof or elsewhere, the cell may advantageously be disposed in a partially or wholly gas-tight chamber, for reasons of heat retention, keeping cool, general protection or otherwise enhancing its performance, as already mentioned in relation to Figure 2.
  • this device could be configured depending on the environment in which it is used.
  • thermoelectric materials 71, 78, 80, 82, 86 and 89 which are thin (of the order of 100' s of ⁇ m) and produce the photoelectric current therein. Accordingly the majority of the heat differential is dropped across the thermoelectric materials 73, 75, 83, 87 and 90 which have a longer length (of the order of mm). A voltage and hence current is thus produced by the thermoelectric elements when the lower surfaces 88, 91, 84, 74, 76 are being cooled or having their temperatures controlled.
  • Intermediate layers 72, 79, 81, 82, 93 and 94 may or may not be incorporated in the constructions and are materials which are thin ( ⁇ 100's ⁇ m) and have different doping concentrations or are opposite doped designation semiconductor (p-type or n- type) when compared to their closest two neighbouring materials.
  • Lower conductors, 74, 76, 84, 88, 91 may also be semiconductors.
  • thermoelectric material can be used either to aid in cooling the photovoltaic material and hence its junction or as an additional voltage source in series to boost the output of the unit cell.
  • Materials that could be used in these constructions are described and listed above.
  • An external current can be applied to the thermoelectric device to facilitate cooling, intermittently or to assist start-up of the cell, and control means (which may operate in response to information received from thermometers, clocks and other sources) may be provided to apply such external current when appropriate.
  • the photovoltaic material 70 would be a thin, electrically conductive and possibly thermally insulating material such as a metal or high bandgap semiconductor.
  • the layer 72 would be n-type material having a high bandgap, high electrical and thermal conductivity.
  • the material 71 would have bandgap energies suitable for terrestrial radiation at the temperature of operation for the photovoltaic junction. In some cases it would be preferable if the material 71 were thermally insulating.
  • Conducting surfaces 70, 77 and 85 will be opaque, transparent or partially transparent to radiation in different places.
  • Figure 8 shows a p-type arm but the same could be applied to a n-type arm with the p and n positions swapped around.
  • the intermediate layers 79, 81 and 92 are the same as layer 72 except that they are transparent, whereas layer 72 is not.
  • the Eg of layer 78 is greater than that of layer 80 which is greater than that of layer 82 so that longer wavelength radiation is absorbed closer to the conductor 84.
  • Layer 83 is again the same as layer 73. More or less of this segmentation (as with layers 78, 80 and 82) can be used in the other constructions if necessary.
  • Figure 9 is similar to Figure 7 except that the layer 89 is a N-type photovoltaic material.
  • Layer 85 can be N or P-type or metal.
  • a photovoltaic junction is formed between layers 89 and 85 which will, probably, have a lower junction voltage than the junction layers 85 and 86.
  • Intermediate layers 94 and 93 are similar to layer 72.
  • Layers 90 and 87 are similar to layers 75 and 73. Materials 85, 86 and 89 in some cases must be thermally insulating.
  • FIG 8 can be used in either Figure 7 or Figure 9 or both. It is envisaged during operation that some constructions, provided surfaces 85 and 70 and also 84 and 86 are thermally insulated in a chamber sealed or otherwise, will function with the lower surfaces at a higher temperature than the photovoltaic junctions between layers 85 and 86, 89 and 85, and 70 and 71. If these junction temperatures can be brought below -30°C materials with energy gaps such as germanium and GaSb could be used effectively.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une cellule à tension différentielle comprenant une ou plusieurs unités, chacune de ces unités comportant un dispositif photovoltaïque ou une cellule solaire (2), ainsi qu'un dispositif thermoélectrique à effet Peltier (4). Ces deux dispositifs sont séparés l'un de l'autre par une couche (3) d'un matériau de conduction thermique qui est également électriquement isolant, le dispositif à effet Peltier étant connecté thermiquement par une couche (5) à un puits de chaleur ou à un échangeur thermique (6). Une lentille (1) sert par ailleurs à concentrer la lumière du soleil sur le dispositif photovoltaïque, la température produite dans ce dernier (2), qui serait normalement perdue, créant ainsi une différence de température destinée à fournir une sortie électrique dans le dispositif thermoélectrique (4). Les sorties des deux dispositifs sont électriquement connectées, des échangeurs thermiques pouvant être incorporés dans l'une desdites couches (3 ou 5), ou dans les deux, afin de pouvoir régir le fonctionnement de la cellule ou de produire une puissance thermique effective à d'autres fins.
PCT/GB1998/002172 1997-01-18 1998-07-21 Cellule a tension differentielle WO2000005769A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9800968A GB2321338B (en) 1997-01-18 1998-01-19 A differential voltage cell
PCT/GB1998/002172 WO2000005769A1 (fr) 1997-01-18 1998-07-21 Cellule a tension differentielle
GB0100040A GB2354637A (en) 1998-07-21 1998-07-21 A differential voltage cell
AU84530/98A AU8453098A (en) 1997-01-18 1998-07-21 A differential voltage cell

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9701054.0A GB9701054D0 (en) 1997-01-18 1997-01-18 Differential voltage cell
PCT/GB1998/002172 WO2000005769A1 (fr) 1997-01-18 1998-07-21 Cellule a tension differentielle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000005769A1 true WO2000005769A1 (fr) 2000-02-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/002172 WO2000005769A1 (fr) 1997-01-18 1998-07-21 Cellule a tension differentielle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8453098A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000005769A1 (fr)

Cited By (18)

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CN100340009C (zh) * 2002-08-29 2007-09-26 石川岛播磨重工业株式会社 发电装置及方法
WO2007134825A2 (fr) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Ulrich Pilz Dispositif et procédé de production d'énergie à partir des rayonnements solaires
GB2455592A (en) * 2007-12-24 2009-06-17 Christopher Strevens Generating electrical power using solar radiation
EP2099079A1 (fr) 2008-03-05 2009-09-09 Stichting IMEC Nederland Piégeur d'énergie hybride comportant une unité thermopile et cellules photovoltaïques
US7728219B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2010-06-01 Sunmodular, Inc. Photovoltaic cells, modules and methods of making same
CN101951196A (zh) * 2010-09-25 2011-01-19 蒋建华 一种太阳能光伏-热电一体化装置
CN102130106A (zh) * 2010-12-25 2011-07-20 紫光股份有限公司 一种同时进行光电转换和热电转换的太阳能电池
WO2011060951A3 (fr) * 2009-11-20 2011-07-21 Getes Geothermie Ag Dispositif de génération de courant
FR2966988A1 (fr) * 2010-11-02 2012-05-04 Eryma Security Systems Centrale electrique produisant de l’energie electrique a partir de multiples sources d’energie renouvelable
ES2398841A1 (es) * 2010-03-01 2013-03-22 Fº JAVIER PORRAS VILA Generador solar de espejos convexos, con circuito potenciador.
US8410350B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2013-04-02 Ns Acquisition Llc Modular solar panels with heat exchange
EP2828898A1 (fr) * 2012-08-10 2015-01-28 Dimerond Technologies, LLC Cellules solaires avec c urs en nanofils d'oxyde de titane et / ou de carbure de silicium et extérieurs en graphène
EP2876697A3 (fr) * 2013-11-26 2015-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Module électronique, procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel module électronique et procédé de fabrication d'un tel module électronique
FR3017199A1 (fr) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-07 Francois Ducrocq Dispositif solaire de transfert de chaleur
WO2017165938A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Unité combinée d'électricité solaire et solaire thermique hautement efficace
IT201800010839A1 (it) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-05 Univ Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Apparato di supporto e raffreddamento di un pannello fotovoltaico
US11563160B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2023-01-24 The Boeing Company Internally heated concentrated solar power (CSP) thermal absorber
WO2024062277A1 (fr) * 2022-09-25 2024-03-28 ROBERTO, Arpino Panneau de couverture de récupération d'énergie thermique pour produire de l'électricité

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WO2007134825A2 (fr) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Ulrich Pilz Dispositif et procédé de production d'énergie à partir des rayonnements solaires
WO2007134825A3 (fr) * 2006-05-19 2008-06-26 Ulrich Pilz Dispositif et procédé de production d'énergie à partir des rayonnements solaires
US7728219B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2010-06-01 Sunmodular, Inc. Photovoltaic cells, modules and methods of making same
US8410350B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2013-04-02 Ns Acquisition Llc Modular solar panels with heat exchange
GB2455592A (en) * 2007-12-24 2009-06-17 Christopher Strevens Generating electrical power using solar radiation
EP2099079A1 (fr) 2008-03-05 2009-09-09 Stichting IMEC Nederland Piégeur d'énergie hybride comportant une unité thermopile et cellules photovoltaïques
US11563160B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2023-01-24 The Boeing Company Internally heated concentrated solar power (CSP) thermal absorber
WO2011060951A3 (fr) * 2009-11-20 2011-07-21 Getes Geothermie Ag Dispositif de génération de courant
ES2398841A1 (es) * 2010-03-01 2013-03-22 Fº JAVIER PORRAS VILA Generador solar de espejos convexos, con circuito potenciador.
CN101951196A (zh) * 2010-09-25 2011-01-19 蒋建华 一种太阳能光伏-热电一体化装置
FR2966988A1 (fr) * 2010-11-02 2012-05-04 Eryma Security Systems Centrale electrique produisant de l’energie electrique a partir de multiples sources d’energie renouvelable
CN102130106A (zh) * 2010-12-25 2011-07-20 紫光股份有限公司 一种同时进行光电转换和热电转换的太阳能电池
EP2828898A1 (fr) * 2012-08-10 2015-01-28 Dimerond Technologies, LLC Cellules solaires avec c urs en nanofils d'oxyde de titane et / ou de carbure de silicium et extérieurs en graphène
EP2828898A4 (fr) * 2012-08-10 2015-06-24 Dimerond Technologies Llc Cellules solaires avec c urs en nanofils d'oxyde de titane et / ou de carbure de silicium et extérieurs en graphène
EP2876697A3 (fr) * 2013-11-26 2015-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Module électronique, procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel module électronique et procédé de fabrication d'un tel module électronique
FR3017199A1 (fr) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-07 Francois Ducrocq Dispositif solaire de transfert de chaleur
WO2017165938A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Unité combinée d'électricité solaire et solaire thermique hautement efficace
IT201800010839A1 (it) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-05 Univ Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Apparato di supporto e raffreddamento di un pannello fotovoltaico
WO2020115651A1 (fr) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita' Di Bologna Appareil de support et de refroidissement d'un panneau photovoltaïque
WO2024062277A1 (fr) * 2022-09-25 2024-03-28 ROBERTO, Arpino Panneau de couverture de récupération d'énergie thermique pour produire de l'électricité

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