GB2455592A - Generating electrical power using solar radiation - Google Patents

Generating electrical power using solar radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2455592A
GB2455592A GB0808482A GB0808482A GB2455592A GB 2455592 A GB2455592 A GB 2455592A GB 0808482 A GB0808482 A GB 0808482A GB 0808482 A GB0808482 A GB 0808482A GB 2455592 A GB2455592 A GB 2455592A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
copper
solar radiation
tin
electrical power
generating electrical
Prior art date
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Application number
GB0808482A
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GB0808482D0 (en
Inventor
Christopher Strevens
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of GB0808482D0 publication Critical patent/GB0808482D0/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H01L35/28—

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A Seebeck device comprising a hot junction illuminated with solar radiation and a cold junction having a heatsink arranged in the shade. An array of vanes of copper plated with thick tin on one side is connected in series as the hot junction and a similar array as the cold junction.

Description

Description
Due to the success of solar generators the Ptelier Effect could be used as the generator with no moving points. An array of vanes of copper plated with thick tin on one side is connected in series as the hot junction and a similar array as the cold junction.
1'be generator makes electric current as a result of the difference in Fermi level of the electron gas in the dissimilar metals so the voltage generated depends on this difference V=Fcopper-Ftin and the power=IV=heat input -heat output watts.
The heat input is the A(temperature (TI) of the solar input side)4 a (Stefan's Constant) and the output is Aa(T2)4 So: I -An(TJ 4-T24)/(Foopper-Ftin) and the power Aa(T14-T24) Effieiencr(T14-T24)/T14 The work function of tin is 4.42 and for copper it is 4.65 the difference is 0.23 so each junction generates 0.23 volts to make 12.19 volts 54 junctions in series are required.
To make useful power(1E6 Watt) a current of 82034 amps is required. The hulk resistivity of copper is p 6787lO ohm-in or 2.67E-7 ohm-cm so for a conductor L cm long and A cm'2 area then the resistance is 2.67E-7 L/A. To give a low loss on the copper conductors on the DC side voltage drop should be 0.19 volts and for a conductor 5 meters long for the interconnections the area needs to be (2.67E-7 x500/A)x82034=0. 19 k=2.67E- 7x500x82034/0.19=57.639 cm square or 7.6 by 7.6 cm a platted copper conductor would * *. do a flex but to connect the plates together solid welded on could be used. **S. * *
The plates would needlo be of an area to collect the solar heat, if the solar heat is * collected over an area by mirrors of A(=3333 for a megawatt) square meters then a heat * of 300A would be delivered and to keep the temperature of the plates low the one megawatt needs to be spread over aT4A=1E6. T550K a5.67O 400(40)x108 Wm So A= 1 E6/(5.6E-8x5504)/53= I E6151 24.35/53=195.14/53=3.68 square meters each that is I.9x1.9 meters. Both the copper layer and the tin layer should be 0.3 cm thick to take the current. *SS
The cold junction needs to be at 330K so needs to be A= I E61(5.6E-8x3304)/53 = 28.41 square meters or 5.3 by 5.3 meters for each of the 53 cold junctions and they should be 0.11 cm thick both for the copper and tin layers to take the current. The tin conductors would need to be of a thickness determined by the resistivity of tin.
The DC output would be fed to an inverter to generate alternating current for distribution on a grid.
Other metals or semiconductors could be used. * .* *, * I. *"JI. * * S. S. * I'll
S S..
I S.
S **.*
I *55 * Description
Due to the success of solar generators the Ptelier Effect could be used as the generator with no moving points. An array of vanes of copper plated with thick tin on one side is connected in series as the hot junction and a similar array as the cold junction.
1'be generator makes electric current as a result of the difference in Fermi level of the electron gas in the dissimilar metals so the voltage generated depends on this difference V=Fcopper-Ftin and the power=IV=heat input -heat output watts.
The heat input is the A(temperature (TI) of the solar input side)4 a (Stefan's Constant) and the output is Aa(T2)4 So: I -An(TJ 4-T24)/(Foopper-Ftin) and the power Aa(T14-T24) Effieiencr(T14-T24)/T14 The work function of tin is 4.42 and for copper it is 4.65 the difference is 0.23 so each junction generates 0.23 volts to make 12.19 volts 54 junctions in series are required.
To make useful power(1E6 Watt) a current of 82034 amps is required. The hulk resistivity of copper is p 6787lO ohm-in or 2.67E-7 ohm-cm so for a conductor L cm long and A cm'2 area then the resistance is 2.67E-7 L/A. To give a low loss on the copper conductors on the DC side voltage drop should be 0.19 volts and for a conductor 5 meters long for the interconnections the area needs to be (2.67E-7 x500/A)x82034=0. 19 k=2.67E- 7x500x82034/0.19=57.639 cm square or 7.6 by 7.6 cm a platted copper conductor would * *. do a flex but to connect the plates together solid welded on could be used. **S. * *
The plates would needlo be of an area to collect the solar heat, if the solar heat is * collected over an area by mirrors of A(=3333 for a megawatt) square meters then a heat * of 300A would be delivered and to keep the temperature of the plates low the one megawatt needs to be spread over aT4A=1E6. T550K a5.67O 400(40)x108 Wm So A= 1 E6/(5.6E-8x5504)/53= I E6151 24.35/53=195.14/53=3.68 square meters each that is I.9x1.9 meters. Both the copper layer and the tin layer should be 0.3 cm thick to take the current. *SS
The cold junction needs to be at 330K so needs to be A= I E61(5.6E-8x3304)/53 = 28.41 square meters or 5.3 by 5.3 meters for each of the 53 cold junctions and they should be 0.11 cm thick both for the copper and tin layers to take the current. The tin conductors would need to be of a thickness determined by the resistivity of tin.
The DC output would be fed to an inverter to generate alternating current for distribution on a grid.
Other metals or semiconductors could be used. * .* *, * I. *"JI. * * S. S. * I'll
S S..
I S.
S **.*
I *55 *

Claims (1)

  1. Claims: Claim 1 This invention is method of extracting elecrical power from direct solar energy using the Ptelier effect with a heat sink which is the solar shadow with a view of the sky. * ** * * * * ** ***. * * * ** * S * ** **
    S *S.
    S S ** * S * *SS.
    S *.S
    S
    Claims: Claim 1 This invention is method of extracting elecrical power from direct solar energy using the Ptelier effect with a heat sink which is the solar shadow with a view of the sky. * ** * * * * ** ***. * * * ** * S * ** **
    S *S.
    S S ** * S * *SS.
    S *.S
    S
GB0808482A 2007-12-24 2008-05-12 Generating electrical power using solar radiation Withdrawn GB2455592A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0725393.3A GB0725393D0 (en) 2007-12-24 2007-12-24 Solar generator of electricity using ptelier effect

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0808482D0 GB0808482D0 (en) 2008-06-18
GB2455592A true GB2455592A (en) 2009-06-17

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB0725393.3A Ceased GB0725393D0 (en) 2007-12-24 2007-12-24 Solar generator of electricity using ptelier effect
GB0808482A Withdrawn GB2455592A (en) 2007-12-24 2008-05-12 Generating electrical power using solar radiation

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB0725393.3A Ceased GB0725393D0 (en) 2007-12-24 2007-12-24 Solar generator of electricity using ptelier effect

Country Status (1)

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GB (2) GB0725393D0 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000626A1 (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-09-06 E Brossmann Solar collector for converting directly heat energy into electric energy
JPS6267888A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-03-27 Saamobonitsuku:Kk Thermoelectric power generation device
WO2000005769A1 (en) * 1997-01-18 2000-02-03 Btg International Ltd A differential voltage cell
GB2381377A (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Integrated Technologies Thermoelectric power generation device
US20040129308A1 (en) * 2003-01-04 2004-07-08 Huan Vinh Luong Solar thermal electric cells and panels
WO2007134825A2 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Ulrich Pilz Arrangement and method for obtaining energy from solar radiation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000626A1 (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-09-06 E Brossmann Solar collector for converting directly heat energy into electric energy
JPS6267888A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-03-27 Saamobonitsuku:Kk Thermoelectric power generation device
WO2000005769A1 (en) * 1997-01-18 2000-02-03 Btg International Ltd A differential voltage cell
GB2381377A (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Integrated Technologies Thermoelectric power generation device
US20040129308A1 (en) * 2003-01-04 2004-07-08 Huan Vinh Luong Solar thermal electric cells and panels
WO2007134825A2 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Ulrich Pilz Arrangement and method for obtaining energy from solar radiation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0725393D0 (en) 2008-02-13
GB0808482D0 (en) 2008-06-18

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