WO1999067832A1 - Plaques collectrices pour electrodes bipolaires de batteries au plomb - Google Patents
Plaques collectrices pour electrodes bipolaires de batteries au plomb Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999067832A1 WO1999067832A1 PCT/FR1999/001410 FR9901410W WO9967832A1 WO 1999067832 A1 WO1999067832 A1 WO 1999067832A1 FR 9901410 W FR9901410 W FR 9901410W WO 9967832 A1 WO9967832 A1 WO 9967832A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wires
- composite plate
- plate according
- lead
- alloy
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical group CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910020220 Pb—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003319 Araldite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/18—Lead-acid accumulators with bipolar electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/029—Bipolar electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/668—Composites of electroconductive material and synthetic resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the embodiment of composite plates for Pb-Pb0 2 batteries with bipolar electrodes, plates in which the electronic conduction is ensured by wires constituted at least superficially by lead or lead alloy arranged, according to a regular network, perpendicular to the faces of the plate, these wires being coated with a polymer stable in an acid medium and capable of creating a strong bond with the metal or alloy constituting the wires, the total volume of the conductive wires being less than 4% of the total volume of the plate.
- PCT patent WO 97/23917 of 12/11/96 consists in the use of a plate made conductive by adding to the polymer lead powder or one of its alloys. In this case, taking into account the powder content necessary for obtaining a sufficient conductivity by percolation, it can be seen that the mass of the plate is still greater than 30 g / dm 2 .
- the bipolar plate consists of a polymer-metal composite material, the electronic conduction being ensured by the metal, used either in the form of fibers, or in the form of pins, passing through the polymer material .
- the distribution of the conductive fibers is not ordered and the distance to be traveled by the electric charges is not constant, the fibers not being parallel to each other.
- Japanese patent n ° 59 121787 dated 07/13/84 includes a significant improvement compared to the case of the use of metallic fibers, since it describes a bipolar collector consisting of a resin substrate crossed by metal pins whose ends emerge on either side; the embodiment of this' bipolar wall consists in piercing a resin substrate based on polypropylene and in introducing the metal pins into the holes; the next step consists of forming the ends of the pins in 3 different shapes, which leads to a complicated process at the industrial stage and therefore expensive.
- the method of introducing metal pins into the holes in the support does not create an effective bond between the metal and the resin, and leakage of acid electrolyte may occur on either side of the bipolar wall creating shunt currents between the different unit cells of the bipolar battery.
- the object of the present invention is a composite plate and methods for producing such plates which do not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the optimum structure of the plate has been determined, optimum resulting from obtaining significant lightening, sufficient conductivity and good sealing against the electrolyte.
- the conductive plate according to the invention intended for Pb-Pb0 2 batteries, consists of a plate of a polymer stable in sulfuric acid medium in which are inserted conductive wires consisting at least superficially of lead or lead alloy , placed perpendicular to the surface of said plate and ensuring electronic conduction.
- the elements ensuring the conduction may be wires, the cross section of which is advantageously, but not necessarily, circular, said wires being arranged perpendicular to the large surfaces of the plate.
- the regularity necessary in the arrangement of these wires must lead to the sections leading to the 2 surfaces of the plate being centered on the crossing points of a regular network whose patterns are square or better, equilateral triangular.
- the optimal distance between the center of 2 conductive sections is essentially a function of the electronic conductivity characteristics of the active materials ultimately covering the plate and not of the conduction in the wires, insofar as these have, for practical reasons of placing in use, a diameter greater than 0.2 mm.
- Figure 1 shows an arrangement of the wires in a square pattern
- Figure 2 shows an arrangement of the wires in an equilateral triangular pattern.
- the ohmic drop in the active material is the product of R by the current affecting a drainage sector (B) of the surface. If the surface current density is i, we note that the voltage drop ⁇ V linked to the drainage of the charges is, for a square pattern: ia'K
- the overall ohmic drop is, in all rigor, the sum of the ohmic drop on each side of the screen (positive and negative active materials) and the ohmic drop in the wires ensuring the electronic conduction from one side to the other .
- the fall in the wires is negligible and the ohmic fall in the positive active material is clearly preponderant compared to that relating to the negative active material.
- the diameter of the conducting wires this will be determined essentially by the facilities for obtaining a wire having sufficient mechanical characteristics for its handling, in particular during the phase of bringing into contact with the polymer. If we want the mass of metallic conductors to remain less than 25% of the total mass of the screen and if possible, be of the order of 10% of this, we note that, for distances between the center of the sections of the wires between 0.5 and 1.5 cm, the diameter of the wires will be between 0.5 and 1.5 mm; the diameter can advantageously be all the greater as “a” is larger.
- the diameter of the wires and the distance between the center of the sections of the wires will be chosen so that the total volume of the wires remains between 0.2% and 4% of the total volume of the plate.
- the thickness of the plate in addition to the limitations linked to the mode of implementation of the polymer, it should be greater than a critical value which has been determined by the behavior with respect to the oxidation of the lead or lead alloy constituting the surface of the wires. Indeed, for very small thicknesses of the plate, therefore a short length of the wire, for example 0.2 mm, we observe, after cycling (charge-discharge) an oxidation of the wire such that the electrolyte can then, by interstices, connect the 2 faces of the plate. This lack of sealing is obviously inadmissible for the correct functioning of the bipolar electrode.
- the studies that we have carried out have shown that, on the other hand, even for small apparent surfaces of lead constituting ' the wires (of the order of 2% of the total surface), a thickness greater than 0.5 mm makes it possible to avoid these risks for many charge and discharge cycles.
- the plate will advantageously have a thickness of between 0.5 and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm.
- the length of the conductive wires can advantageously be slightly greater than the thickness of the plate, thereby ensuring perfect contact with the active ingredients.
- the overflow of the wires on each side of the plate is between 0.1 and 0.3 mm.
- the current affecting lead or the lead alloy constituting the surface of the wires represents, even at the end of charging (overloading of the element), only a small fraction of the overall current, most of the current being affected by the evolution of oxygen, the oxides covering metallic lead or one of its alloys acting as a screen. Furthermore, the larger the contact surface between the wire and the polymer, the more the risks of leakage due to the existence of gaps are reduced.
- Another important point specified in this invention relates to the importance of the bond which must exist between lead or one of its alloys constituting the surface of the wires with the polymer coating them. This is, in fact, to avoid decohesion between the metal wire and the polymer. As a result, it has been found that it is preferable to choose an acid-resistant epoxy resin or ebonite as the polymer. In the case of an epoxy resin, the mixture will be poured into a mold before its polymerization around the wires arranged according to the defined pattern.
- the hot mixture will be injected into a mold containing the suitably arranged wires.
- the wires ensuring the electronic conduction consist either of pure lead, or of a lead alloy, for example Pb-Sn, Pb-Ca or Pb-Sb, or of a metal resistant to oxidation
- a plate 10 cm x 10 cm and 1 mm thick was produced, with pure lead wires arranged in a triangular pattern whose side was 8 mm.
- the lead wires 99.5% purity
- the son being arranged in a mold following the triangular pattern supra, it was poured between them the following mixture: ARALDITE ® AV138M + Hardener HV 998 (CIBA). After polymerization at a temperature of 50 ° C., the plate was removed from the mold and surfaced by light abrasion.
- This plate was partially covered on one of its faces by positive active material, whose surface mass was such that the capacity restored in 10 hours of discharge was 75 mAh / cm 2 '. The same procedure was carried out on the other side by covering with the negative active material.
- This electrode was placed on the screen between 2 compartments which were each filled with an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid with a concentration of 490 g / 1. In these compartments were placed a positive Pb0 2 electrode in one, a negative Pb electrode in the other. The part of the plate not covered by the active ingredients made it possible to ensure, through a seal, the seal between the 2 compartments.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000556409A JP2002519820A (ja) | 1998-06-19 | 1999-06-15 | 鉛電池の双極電極用集電極板 |
KR1020007013778A KR20010071410A (ko) | 1998-06-19 | 1999-06-15 | 납 배터리의 쌍극 전극용 집전판 |
EP99925081A EP1095416A1 (fr) | 1998-06-19 | 1999-06-15 | Plaques collectrices pour electrodes bipolaires de batteries au plomb |
CA002335727A CA2335727A1 (fr) | 1998-06-19 | 1999-06-15 | Plaques collectrices pour electrodes bipolaires de batteries au plomb |
US09/736,539 US20020160264A1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2000-12-13 | Collector plates for bipolar electrodes of lead batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR98/07740 | 1998-06-19 | ||
FR9807740A FR2780204B1 (fr) | 1998-06-19 | 1998-06-19 | Plaques collectrices pour electrodes bipolaires de batteries pb-pbo2 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/736,539 Continuation US20020160264A1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2000-12-13 | Collector plates for bipolar electrodes of lead batteries |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999067832A1 true WO1999067832A1 (fr) | 1999-12-29 |
Family
ID=9527585
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1999/001410 WO1999067832A1 (fr) | 1998-06-19 | 1999-06-15 | Plaques collectrices pour electrodes bipolaires de batteries au plomb |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20020160264A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1095416A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002519820A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20010071410A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2335727A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2780204B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999067832A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2799308B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-30 | 2002-01-25 | Sorapec | Perfectionnements apportes aux collecteurs bipolaires pour pile a combustible de type pem |
FR2819638B1 (fr) * | 2001-01-17 | 2003-04-18 | Sorapec | Procede de realisation d'une liaison electrique entre une electrode d'accumulateur et un collecteur bipolaire |
US8597817B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2013-12-03 | East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Bipolar battery and plate |
US9941546B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2018-04-10 | East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Bipolar battery and plate |
US9634319B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2017-04-25 | East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Bipolar battery and plate |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3553019A (en) * | 1967-07-26 | 1971-01-05 | Electric Power Storage Ltd | Multicell electric storage battery having electrodes formed by spines projecting from the partitions between cells |
FR2132440A1 (fr) * | 1971-04-06 | 1972-11-17 | Ici Ltd | |
JPS56149776A (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1981-11-19 | Toray Ind Inc | Lead acid battery |
JPS59121787A (ja) * | 1982-12-28 | 1984-07-13 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池のバイポ−ラ電極用導電性隔壁とその製造方法 |
JPH05121091A (ja) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-05-18 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 複極仕切板および複極式積層電池 |
-
1998
- 1998-06-19 FR FR9807740A patent/FR2780204B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-06-15 CA CA002335727A patent/CA2335727A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-06-15 KR KR1020007013778A patent/KR20010071410A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-06-15 JP JP2000556409A patent/JP2002519820A/ja active Pending
- 1999-06-15 WO PCT/FR1999/001410 patent/WO1999067832A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-06-15 EP EP99925081A patent/EP1095416A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-12-13 US US09/736,539 patent/US20020160264A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3553019A (en) * | 1967-07-26 | 1971-01-05 | Electric Power Storage Ltd | Multicell electric storage battery having electrodes formed by spines projecting from the partitions between cells |
FR2132440A1 (fr) * | 1971-04-06 | 1972-11-17 | Ici Ltd | |
JPS56149776A (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1981-11-19 | Toray Ind Inc | Lead acid battery |
JPS59121787A (ja) * | 1982-12-28 | 1984-07-13 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池のバイポ−ラ電極用導電性隔壁とその製造方法 |
JPH05121091A (ja) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-05-18 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 複極仕切板および複極式積層電池 |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 102, no. 4, 28 January 1985, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 28420, SHIN-KOBE ELECTRIC MACHINERY CO: "Conductive partition in lead-acid battery with high polar electrodes" XP002097179 * |
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 96, no. 12, 22 March 1982, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 88601, TORAY INDUSTRIES: "Lead-acid batteries" XP002097178 * |
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 97, no. 12, 20 September 1982, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 95550, DURKOVIC F: "Bipolar electrode for lead battery" XP002013559 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 028 (E - 095) 19 February 1982 (1982-02-19) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 480 (E - 1425) 31 August 1993 (1993-08-31) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 243 (E - 277) 8 November 1984 (1984-11-08) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1095416A1 (fr) | 2001-05-02 |
KR20010071410A (ko) | 2001-07-28 |
JP2002519820A (ja) | 2002-07-02 |
US20020160264A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
CA2335727A1 (fr) | 1999-12-29 |
FR2780204B1 (fr) | 2000-09-08 |
FR2780204A1 (fr) | 1999-12-24 |
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