WO1999065767A1 - Avion a voilure basculante - Google Patents

Avion a voilure basculante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999065767A1
WO1999065767A1 PCT/CN1999/000079 CN9900079W WO9965767A1 WO 1999065767 A1 WO1999065767 A1 WO 1999065767A1 CN 9900079 W CN9900079 W CN 9900079W WO 9965767 A1 WO9965767 A1 WO 9965767A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wing
main
park
control
palm
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN1999/000079
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Tao Fan
Original Assignee
Tao Fan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tao Fan filed Critical Tao Fan
Priority to AU41296/99A priority Critical patent/AU4129699A/en
Publication of WO1999065767A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999065767A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C33/00—Ornithopters

Definitions

  • the field to which the invention pertains is aircraft, and in particular a pak-wing aircraft.
  • Park Wing aircraft relies on Park Wing's Park action to fly. As early as when humans learned to fly, it started with the bird's wing flight, but because of the flight mechanics involved, the manufacturing process is too complicated and too precise, and it has exceeded the scope of professional design. So far, No real park-wing aircraft came out.
  • the rigid straight-wing aircraft and the rotor helicopter have mature technology, they each have their limitations.
  • the former is driven by the engine to obtain the thrust, and the lift is used to generate lift, take off or Landing requires a flat, dedicated ground; the latter is driven by the engine-driven rotor and tail-torsional propeller to generate lift and thrust. Although it can take off and land at a fixed point, once the engine fails, the propeller loses power. It is possible that the plane crashed.
  • the object of the present invention is to make a simple-wing aircraft that generates lift and thrust by moving two wings up and down.
  • the aircraft has the skill of flying like birds and can hover in the air and fly backwards. After being lifted off, the engine can be turned off, and the human body and Puyi's aerodynamic device can be used to fly. No special site is required. It can take off and land at fixed points on the ground or on the water. Its basic weight is about 80 to 100 kg, the maximum take-off weight is about 250 to 280 kg, and the amphibious type, the maximum take-off weight is about 300 kg. It is equipped with a 25 to 50 horsepower engine.
  • the present invention provides a pak-wing aircraft including a nacelle, a wing, a tail wing, a landing gear, a power system, a transmission system, and a control system.
  • the wing includes a pair of upper Straight wings and a pair of park wings are installed on the cabin
  • the upper straight wing and the Pu wing are connected to the nacelle through the Pu wing support frame, the upper straight wing is provided on the top of the Pu wing support frame, and the pair of Pu wing is supported by the Pu wing
  • the two sides of the frame extend outwards, and the Puyi wing is connected by a concave ball joint at the end of the main middle beam and a convex ball joint on the transmission device on the supporting frame to form a ball joint, which forms an arc under the action of the transmission system Shape moves up and down.
  • the park-wing aircraft of the invention has strong maneuverability, stability and safety. In addition, it can be used for air travel, traffic management, forest, farmland protection, and various aerial operations. It is an ideal air vehicle for industrial and mining, enterprises, institutions and families, and can also be used as a model toy to develop Intelligence of children.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of a park-wing aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural perspective view of a ring transmission of a power system of a park wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural perspective view of an elliptical orbit transmission of a park-wing aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural perspective view of a push-pull arm machine transmission of a park-wing aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a knot of a central axis transmission of a park-wing aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention. Frame perspective. .
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an airfoil structure of a park-wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an airfoil structure of a simple-wing aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a main frame and a control system of a park-wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a retractable traveling landing gear of a park-wing aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of the wing width angle and the trajectory of the wing palm of the wing aircraft of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a plan view showing the forward wing sweep of the main wing and the tail wing up and down of the simple-wing aircraft of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of the leading edge flaps, trailing edge flaps, and wing tips of a wing aerodynamic device of a simple-wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the forward and backward sweep of the wings of a simple-wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the overall structure of a four-wing rotary wing of a wing aircraft of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a control system and structure of a park-wing aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a structural diagram of a center-wheel transmission system of a park-wing aircraft according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a side-view flight mechanics diagram of the Park Wing under the Park Wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a side view flight mechanics diagram of Park Wing on a Park Wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • Figures 1-2 and 6-13 show an embodiment of the Park Wing aircraft 200 according to the present invention, which is composed of an upper straight wing A, a Park wing support frame B, a nacelle (, Park W D, rear wing E, land and water landing gear? , Power system, transmission system, control system.
  • a Park Wing aircraft 200 which is composed of an upper straight wing A, a Park wing support frame B, a nacelle (, Park W D, rear wing E, land and water landing gear? , Power system, transmission system, control system.
  • the upper straight wing A is a pair of front arched upwards and about 15 ° from the middle to both ends.
  • the flat wing of the opposite angle is arranged on the upper part of the fuselage, and its rear part is connected with the rear pipe parts 114 and 115 of the support frame B, and the front part is connected with the front pipe parts 112 and 113 of the frame through the elevation angle buckle 12, and the upper part is straight.
  • the elevation angle of the wing A can be adjusted within a range of plus or minus 30 ° by the upper straight wing elevation controller 34 on the right side of the cabin.
  • the upper straight wing When flying with Pu Yi, the upper straight wing can play a role in balancing and increasing lift, just like the crustacean wing during take-off and flight, especially when flying at high frequencies, the upper straight wing cooperates with the rear of the fuselage. Propellers can improve the stability of Puyi aircraft.
  • the wing can be made of a flat wing with a flexible material or a gas-filled wing filled with an inert gas. As an auxiliary wing, it can also be removed.
  • the wing support frame B is located in the middle of the fuselage and consists of four vertical pipes 112, 113, 114, 115.
  • the upper part is connected to the upper straight wing A, and the lower part is connected to the nacelle C.
  • the lower part is connected with four transverse pipe fittings 74, 74 'and 76, 16', forming the left and right Pu wing support main spar; on both sides of the frame, there are ring transmissions G, which can provide power to Pu wing and also calibrate Pu The original trajectory of the wing movement (see Figure 2).
  • the nacelle C is located between the support frame B and the landing gear F, which is mainly connected by four longitudinal pipes 138, 139, 140, 141 and two oval pipes 142, 143 in the front and rear.
  • the front and rear ends of the fittings are each connected with U-shaped fittings 144, 145, and at the bend of the U-shaped fitting, there are 4 bent pipes 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, one end It is connected with U-shaped pipe fittings and the other end is connected with oval pipe fittings to form a streamlined nacelle frame.
  • a driver's seat and a passenger seat in the front and rear.
  • the driver's seat is in front of the instrument panel of the altimeter, airspeed indicator, magnetic compass and other instruments (not shown) .
  • Park Wing D includes a left Park Wing. 1 and right Pu wing D 2 are located on both sides of the fuselage, Pu wing D is composed of main spar 74, 75, 76, main joints 77, 78, 79; middle spar 80, 81, 82, middle joint 83, 84; front spar 85, 86, 87, front joints 88, 89, 90; palm wing beams 91, 92, 93; palm joints 94, 95, 96 and wing palms, their structure and connection relationship are as follows:
  • the main spar and the main joint are composed of a main front beam 74, a main middle beam 75, a main rear beam 76, a main front section 77, a main center section 78, and a main rear section 79, respectively.
  • the main front beam and the main rear beam are telescopic beams. One end is connected to the frame B, and the other end is connected to the main front section and the main rear section.
  • the main middle beam is also a telescopic beam, and one end is a convex ball joint and a ring transmission.
  • the concave ball joint on the upper side is connected to form the ball joint 16, and the other end passes through the main joint, and is connected to the main middle section in the middle;
  • the main middle section is also a spherical joint, which is the fulcrum of the main middle beam.
  • the main joint 77, 78 and 79 are the fulcrum joints of Pu Yi. Under the action of the moment from the main center beam, the main joint ball rotates up and down to make Pu Yi move up and down;
  • the mid-wing beam and the mid-joint are respectively composed of a mid-front beam 80, a central beam 81, a mid-rear beam 82, a mid-front section 83, and a mid-back section 84.
  • One end of the middle front beam and the middle rear beam are connected to the main front section and the main rear section respectively, and the other end is connected to the middle front section and the middle rear section respectively;
  • the center beam is an extension of the main middle beam in the middle wing beam section, and comes from the main Under the action of the moment of the center beam, the role of the center wing beam and the joint joint is to shift the center of the wing back and forth when Park wing moves up and down. At the time, the trajectory of the wing tip across the space is spiral;
  • the front wing beam and the front joint are respectively composed of the front front beam 85, the front middle beam 86, and the front and rear beams.
  • the front front beam and the front and rear beams are controllable telescopic beams, one end of which is connected to the middle front section and the middle back section respectively; the other end is respectively connected to the front front section and the front and rear sections.
  • the front middle beam is the main middle beam.
  • the extension of the front spar segment is the front mid section. The role of the front spar and the front joint segment is that the two wings can be extended forward and backward under the control of the left and right wing discs 31 and 32;
  • the palm wing beam and the palm joint are respectively composed of a palm wing front beam 91, a palm wing middle beam 92, a palm wing rear beam 93, a palm front section 94, a palm middle section 95, and a palm rear section 96.
  • the palm wing front beam and the palm wing rear beam are controllable telescopic beams, and one end of them is respectively related to the front front section and the front and rear sections. Connect; the other end is connected to the anterior and posterior sections, respectively.
  • the palm wing beam is a U-shaped beam with one end connected to the anterior midsection; the other end is connected to the palm midsection.
  • the role of the palm wing beam and the palm joint is under the control of the left and right palm control disks 35 and 36.
  • the wings can be extended forward and backward;
  • the wing palm is composed of palm palm 97 , palm ring 9 8, palm tendon 99, and palm finger-D 9 .
  • the palm rest is sleeved on the outside of the midball, the palm fingers pass through the palm tendons, palm rings, and are fixed on the palm rest respectively to form the wing palm fan surface; the palm ring 98 is clamped in the U-shaped palm wing middle beam to strengthen the wings Strength between palm and main wing;
  • the front mid-section 89 is the central node of Pu Yi.
  • the center of the node is the tension line pillar 100, which supports the transverse tension line 101 and the longitudinal tension line 102. It can be used to strengthen the stiffness and strength of Pu Yi.
  • FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment of the airfoil structure of a simple-wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • the main wing beams 74, 74 ', 76, 76' are connected to the main wing rings 239, 239 'on both sides of the fuselage, and the center of the main beam 241, 241' is a spherical rotating shaft 240, 240 ', The shaft center is connected to the main beams 138 and 139 of the warehouse through the central shaft 10.
  • FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the airfoil structure of a simple-wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • Park Wing D-1 is a rigid wing. Consists of main wings and wings.
  • the main wing is composed of main spar 74, 75, 76, main joints 77, 78, 79, fixed wing surface 128, movable wing surface 129, and main wing disc 130;
  • the palm part is composed of palm wing stringer 91, and palm cross member 92
  • the palm wing disk 97 is composed of a palm wing disk 97 and a palm wing fixing surface 131.
  • the palm wing disk 97 is sandwiched between the main wing disk 130.
  • the palm wings Under the action of the wing palm control device, the palm wings can be swept forward and backward; in addition, there is an elevation angle rod on the main mid-knot ball, and the end is a front pull line, and the two ends of the pull line respectively pass through the main front section.
  • the rear end pulley is connected to the elevation control disk 47 ( Figure (Not shown in the figure), under the action of the elevation angle control device, the elevation angle of the Puyi can be changed.
  • the tail wing E is a retractable fan-shaped tail fin located at the rear of the fuselage and connected to the nacelle C through a tail main beam 126 (see Figs. 1 and 11).
  • a fixed airfoil is formed between the front wing 103 and the center beam 104.
  • the middle of the tail is a triangular support frame 105, the upper side of the frame is an upper stabilizer wing 106, and the left and right sides are extension arms 107, 107 '.
  • the inside of the support frame is a telescoping pressure gun (108), and the front and rear tail swing arms 109 are engaged with the spherical seat 127 at the end of the tail main beam 126 to form an up and down pressure that can be enlarged and reduced. Scalloped airfoil.
  • FIGS 2 and 8 show the three-wheeled land and water landing gear F used by the park wing aircraft 200 of the present invention.
  • the landing gear is composed of the front wheel 7 and the main wheels 6, 6 ', and can take off or take off on the ground. After landing, when the discontinuous frames 124 and 125, 125 'are installed on the front and main wheels (the discontinuity can be filled with an inert gas lighter than air), the landing gear can not only make the aircraft on the ground but also on the ground.
  • Driving taking off or landing on water.
  • Below the main landing gear main beam 71 a screw propeller 70 is provided below the main landing gear main beam 71.
  • the front end of the propeller is a table gear 68 which meshes at right angles with the table gear 69 on the main shaft of the main landing gear.
  • a thruster control lever 72 is connected to the drive shaft of the thruster 70.
  • the thruster control lever 72 is pushed forward, and the transmission gear of the thruster meshes with the transmission gear on the main shaft of the main landing gear to provide the propeller 70 with the aircraft on the water Driving power.
  • FIG. 9 also shows another embodiment of the retractable traveling landing gear 1 of the plain-wing aircraft of the present invention.
  • the landing gear F 1 is driven by the foot pedal 132 on the main beam of the front wheel under the action of the human body, and the two lifting cables 133 and 134 on the disk are pulled.
  • the lifting cable 133 is divided into four rear cables and passed through The pulleys on both sides of the landing gear main beams 135 and 135 'are fixed to the upper sides of the landing gear telescopic beams 136 and 136'; the lifting line 134 is divided into two pull lines forward and downward through the pulleys on both sides of the front main beam 27, and fixed Telescopic on the front wheels Both sides of the beam 137.
  • the transmission wheel 3 on the left side of the transmission 2 is connected to the transmission wheel 120 through a transmission belt 4.
  • On the outside of the transmission wheel 120 are table-type combination gears 121 and 122.
  • the table-type gear 123 coaxial with the gear 122 with the telescopic shaft 220 meshes with the landing gear transmission wheel 5 to provide power for ground driving.
  • the landing gear main beams 135 and 135 'rise upward or extend the telescopic beams 136 and 136. 'Stick out.
  • the mechanical power can also be transmitted through the transmission wheel 21 on the transmission central shaft, and the landing gear F l D is lifted .
  • the landing gear lifting control lever 221 is moved backward to lock the pedal 132, and the landing gear is limited.
  • the lifting of the landing gear is convenient for increasing the width of the Pu wing and improving the lift. Facilitates take-off and landing.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show the power system of the Park Wing aircraft 200 of the present invention.
  • the power source of the aircraft is divided into mechanical power and human power:
  • the mechanical power system is a 25-50 hp piston engine 1 installed in the lower part of the nacelle.
  • the power wheel of the engine can be divided into two paths when transmitting power. One path is transmitted to the driven wheel 24 through the transmission belt, and then transmitted to the propeller rotating wheel 25 by the transmission belt 28 to provide back-up backup power for the propeller 26; the other is It is transmitted to the gearbox 2 through the transmission shaft. After the internal gear combination of the gearbox, the left and right transmission wheels are separated. Or the power for running on the water; the right transmission wheel is connected to the transmission wheel 9 on the transmission center shaft 10 through a transmission belt 8 to provide power for the annular transmission devices on both sides of the Pu wing frame;
  • the human body power transmission system is at the front end of the cabin.
  • a human body power transmission device which is composed of left and right foot pedals 17, 17 ', a large roulette 18, and a small roulette 19.
  • the big roulette is connected to the roulette 21 on the transmission central shaft through the gear chain 20, which can provide the human body with wing power for the circular transmission;
  • the small roulette is connected to the gearbox through the gear chain 22
  • the coaxial disk 23 on the upper side is connected, which can provide human power for the aircraft to run on the ground or on the water.
  • the engine can be turned off, and human power and aerodynamic devices on Puyi wings can be used for air flight.
  • the engine 1, gearbox 2 and other attachments of mechanical power are removed from the aircraft, the aircraft becomes a human-powered wing aircraft.
  • Figures 1-2 show the transmission system of the Pu-wing aircraft 200 of the present invention.
  • the system is a ring-shaped transmission device G, which is arranged on the left and right sides of the Pu-wing support frame B.
  • the ring-shaped chassis is composed of a ring-shaped chassis and a ring-shaped track. 11.
  • Each of the four disks is symmetrically arranged above and below the inner and outer planes of the annular track (not shown in the figure).
  • a rolling wheel 12 is formed on the circular track, and the outer side of the wheel is fixed on a circular chain 13, which is connected with the gears 14, 15 above and below the circular track chassis (see FIG. 2).
  • the outer side of the endless chain is fixed with a concave ball joint, which is connected with the convex joint at the end of the main middle beam to form a 90-degree rotation up, down, left and right.
  • the transmission wheel 9 on the transmission central shaft will drive the transmission gear disks 14, 14 ′ and 15, 15 ′ on the ring gear G, and the rolling wheels on the ring gear chain Disks 12, 12 'will run forward, backward, and up and down along the circular track.
  • Park Wing When the rolling wheel moves forward from the bottom to the rear on the circular track, Park Wing will move from the upper front to the lower side. When moving up, down, and backward, Park Wing moves up and down from Park Bottom. The trajectory of the wing tip in flight is spiral. We call this Park Wing flight mode without artificial manipulation of pure mechanical movement as primitive. Park Wing flight (or horizontal power flight).
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the park wing aircraft of the present invention.
  • the upper straight wing A is a detachable auxiliary wing, and can be installed or removed at connection points 116, 117, 118, and 119 on both sides of the fuselage according to the needs of flight.
  • the fuselage is a closed streamlined fuselage BC: consisting of the support frame B and the cabin C.
  • the transmission system is an elliptical orbit transmission G 15 is provided in a streamlined Both sides of the fuselage BC can be used to replace the ring gear G.
  • the device consists of an elliptical orbit 17 5 and a small ellipse 176 forming an elliptical orbit.
  • the elliptical orbit has a central axis 10 and two ends of the central axis. It is a telescopic arm 168, 168 '.
  • the front end of the telescopic arm has a rolling wheel 192.
  • On the inner side of the rolling wheel is a supporting wheel 196.
  • On the outer side is a type 4 ball joint. This ball joint is opposite to the convex ball joint at the end of the main beam. Socketed to form one that can be rotated 90 degrees up, down, left and right. ⁇ ⁇ articulation 16.
  • the transmission wheel 9 on the transmission central shaft drives the telescopic arm to run on the elliptical orbit.
  • FIG. 4 also shows another embodiment of the transmission system of the park wing aircraft 200 according to the present invention.
  • This system is composed of a push-pull arm transmission G 2 and is installed on the left and right sides of the Puyi support frame B. It can be used to replace the ring transmission G and the elliptical track transmission.
  • the system is composed of the central axis 10 and the central axis power arm 166 , 166 'form the central crankshaft.
  • the central axis power arm is a telescopic arm.
  • the telescopic rod 167 of the power arm is connected to the transmission wheel 169 inside the power arm through a pull wire. On the rotating handle of the transmission wheel 169, two pull wires pass through the two sides of the central shaft respectively.
  • the pulleys 170 and 171 are connected to the moving plate 172.
  • the rear part of the moving plate is connected to the diamond-shaped push-pull rod 173, and on each side of the rear seat 174 of the diamond-shaped push-pull pestle, a pull wire is connected to the angle winch 177.
  • On each side of the support frame B there are vertical rails 178, 178 ', and there are pulleys 179, 180 on the upper and lower ends of the track.
  • the central axis power arm is connected to the push-pull arm 185 through a ball joint 184, and the end of the push-pull arm is a rotatable ball joint 186 fixed to the inner side of the track moving plate 181.
  • the push-pull arm transmission device drives the transmission wheel 9 on the central axis to drive the central crankshaft to rotate.
  • the push-pull arm 185 moves the moving disc on the track. 181 is pulled down from top to bottom. At this time, under the action of the pull pull of Park Wing, Park Wing is pulled upwards from the bottom.
  • the push-pull rod on the transmission wheel 190 moves the ball joint at the end of the main midsection from front to back. Pushing, when Park Wing moves downwards, Park Wing moves from top to front and back to back. The trajectory of the wing tip in flight is spiral. This kind of flight mode with no manual manipulation and control is called primitive Park. Wing flight or horizontal power flight.
  • FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of a transmission system of a park wing aircraft 200 according to the present invention.
  • the system is composed of a central shaft transmission G 3 , which is arranged on the left and right sides of the wing support frame B, and can be used to replace the ring transmission G, the elliptical track transmission ⁇ and the push-pull arm transmission G 2 .
  • This device is composed of a central shaft 10 and a central shaft power arm 194, 194 'to constitute a central crankshaft.
  • the central axis power arm is a telescopic arm.
  • the telescopic rod 195 of the power arm is connected to a rotating wheel 197 on the inner side of the arm through a pull wire.
  • the pulleys 198 and 199 are connected to the moving plate 205.
  • the rear part of the moving plate is connected with the diamond-shaped push-pull rod 201.
  • a pull wire is connected with the angle winch 204.
  • the end of the ball joint 16 is a rotating wheel 210, which can be moved forward and backward by being clamped in the guide rail.
  • the end of the central axis power arm is connected to the push-pull arms 212, 212 'through ball joints 211, 211', and the end of the push-pull arm is a rotatable joint 213, 213 'and the arched support 214, 214' on the main joint ⁇ ⁇ Phase connection.
  • the transmission wheel 9 on the transmission center shaft will drive the rotation of the center crankshaft.
  • the push-pull arm pulls down the Pu wing from top to bottom.
  • the transmission wheels 209, 209 The push-pull lever pushes the ball joint 16 from front to back, so that when Park Wing moves downward, Park Wing moves from top to front and back and down; when the central axis power arm moves from bottom to top, the push-pull arm moves Park Wing from below
  • the push-pull rod of the transmission wheel pulls the ball joint 16 at the end of the main midsection from the back to the front, so that when Park Wing moves up and down, Park Wing moves from the lower back to the front.
  • the trajectory of the wing tip in the air is spiral.
  • This kind of artificial wing-free flight mode is called the original pu-wing flight mode or horizontal power flight mode.
  • the diamond-shaped push-pull rod contracts to move the moving disk backward, and the turntable at the front of the moving disk pulls down the rotating wheel 197 through the pulling wire.
  • the turning handle 197 and the turning wheel 197 are turned downward.
  • the central axis power arm telescopic pestle 195 and 195 ′ are extended outward to increase the width of Pu Yi.
  • the angle winch handles 215 and 215 are moved upward.
  • the central axis power arm telescopic rods 195, 195' shrink inward, so that the width of the Pu Yi is reduced.
  • Figures 6-13 show the control system of the park wing aircraft 200 of the present invention.
  • This system mainly controls and controls the main wing, the palm, the elevation control device, the wing tip control device, the leading-edge flaps and the trailing-edge flap control devices, the frequency and width of the wing and the tail.
  • the main wing is the main wing section from the main spar to the front joint section.
  • the operation and control are as follows: On the main beam of the front landing gear, a left wing stern plate 31 and a right wing control plate 32 are installed.
  • the pull line 148 of the right wing control panel passes through the Puyi support bridge 40
  • One end is fixed to the front anterior segment 88 of the right anterior joint, and the other end is fixed to the anterior segment 90 (the same for the left and right wings).
  • Figures 2, 8, and 13 show the manipulation and control of the wings.
  • left and right wing control panels of the main gear of the front landing gear there are left palm control panel 35 and right palm control panel 36, respectively.
  • the pull wire 149 of the right palm control panel is fixed to the front of the palm joint through the Puyi support bridge 40.
  • Section 94, the other end is fixed to the posterior section 96, (the left palm and the right palm are the same).
  • the left and right wing disc control handles each have a left palm control handle 33 and a right palm control handle 34.
  • Primitive Park-wing flight is considered as a straight-line flight at hook speed. At this time, all forces and moments are in equilibrium. If this balance is disturbed by external forces, torque needs to be generated to restore balance.
  • the palm's palm can move back and forth to accomplish these two functions, that is, maintaining balance and restoring balance after the balance is destroyed.
  • the left and right wing palmar longitudinal handles can be pushed forward at the same time.
  • the palm wing front beam is contracted, and the palm wing rear beam is extended. Both palms stretch forward simultaneously to overcome the center of gravity of the aircraft Move forward to keep the plane balanced. (See Figure 13)
  • the left and right wing palms are pulled backward at the same time.
  • the left and right wing palms will be swept backwards at the same time to overcome the aircraft's center of gravity and move back to restore the aircraft's balance.
  • the plane is laterally unbalanced, if the lift on the left wing is greater than that on the right wing, when the plane tilts to the right, you can push the right palm handle forward and the left palm handle backwards. At this time, the right palm extends forward and the left palm extends backwards. Sweeping, the plane began to tilt to the left, and restored to horizontal balance, and vice versa.
  • the wings can also cooperate with the main wing and the tail wing according to flight requirements.
  • FIGs 6 and 8 show the operation of the elevation control device.
  • This device is controlled by the elevation angles on both sides of the cabin, the hand brake 43, the hand brake 44, the hand buckle 45, the control plate 46, the control pedal foot buckle 49, the rear cable 216, and the elevation angle control rocker 47 and the rocker at the lower part of the main middle section. 48, rocker flange 165, rocker puller 217, front pull wire 218 (see Figure 8, Figure 6).
  • the two ends of the front pull wire are respectively fixed at the upper and lower parts of the palmar section, and then pass through the pulleys at the upper and lower ends of the palmar column support 219, then pass through the upper and lower pulleys of the palmar section, and then return to the pulleys that pass through the upper and lower palmar 97
  • the middle part is connected with the elevation control rocker 47; the two ends of the rear cable are fixed at the end of the rocker 48, and then pass through the pulleys and the wing support bridge on the main front section and the main rear section. connection.
  • the leading and trailing edges of Pu-wing can be regarded as approximately horizontal up-and-down motion, and the elevation angle of Pu-wing can be regarded as zero degree.
  • the four fingers can be used to close the hand brake, and the hand buckle will automatically lock the hand brake.
  • the rocker is released from the flange seat under the pull force of the hand brake cable, so the elevation angle changes.
  • Pu Yi makes a positive elevation angle.
  • Pu Yi makes a negative elevation angle.
  • the control panel foot pedal 49 is depressed, the steering wheel 110 can rotate the control panel 46 to control the elevation angle of Pu Yi.
  • the control of the Puyi elevation angle is very important. If you can flexibly adjust the Puyi elevation angle, you will achieve good flight results.
  • Figures 6, 8, and 13 also show the operation of the wingtip control device, which is controlled by the wingtip control panel 50 on both sides of the machine gun, the wingtip control handbrake 51, the wingtip control handhold 52, the rear pull wire 155, and The wing-tip control rocker 54, the rocker 55, the wing-tip control rocker flange 56, the rocker puller 156, and the front pull wire 157 in the upper part of the elevation-angle control rocker.
  • the middle part of the wing tip front pull wire is connected to the control panel 54 and then passes through the upper and lower pulleys of the palm panel, and the two ends are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the wing tip rocker 158.
  • the wingtip control rocker is pulled out of the flange seat under the pull of the cable between the hands, so the change of the wingtip is controlled by the wingtip control panel 50 in the cabin.
  • the handle up the wing tip presses down and bends inward.
  • you press down the wing tip is lifted upwards.
  • the wing tip returns to its original position.
  • adjust the wings of Park Wing to get the most Good aerodynamics and reduced wingtip vortices.
  • FIGS 6, 8, and 13 show the operation of the leading edge flap and trailing edge flap control:
  • the control of the leading edge flap control device is composed of a flap pedal 57 on the right side of the cabin, a control cable 159, a leading edge flap 58, and a leading edge flap rocker 59.
  • the leading edge flap is usually attached to the leading edge of Park Wing.
  • the flap pedal 57 When the flap pedal 57 is depressed downward, the lower end of the rocker arm under the leading edge of Park Wing is pulled back by the pull line, while the upper end pushes the leading edge flap forward.
  • the front and bottom are unfolded; when the pedal disc loses its pedaling force, the leading edge flap is attached to the leading edge of Pu Yi.
  • the leading edge flaps are deployed to increase the camber of the airfoil, increase lift or prevent stalling.
  • the operation of the trailing edge flap control device is controlled by the trailing edge flap levers 73, 73 'on the left and right sides of the cabin, the control cable 160, the trailing edge flaps 60, 60', and the trailing flap rocker arms 61, 61 '. Composed of.
  • the trailing edge flap levers 73, 73 'on the left and right sides of the cabin the control cable 160, the trailing edge flaps 60, 60', and the trailing flap rocker arms 61, 61 '.
  • the trailing edge flap levers 73, 73 'on the left and right sides of the cabin the control cable 160, the trailing edge flaps 60, 60', and the trailing flap rocker arms 61, 61 '.
  • the trailing edge flap levers 73, 73 'on the left and right sides of the cabin the control cable 160, the trailing edge flaps 60, 60', and the trailing flap rocker arms 61, 61 '.
  • Puyi frequency tuning device 62 At the front of gearbox 2. This device divides Puyi's frequency from 8 to 60 times per second into four gears ( Figure Not shown), controlled by FM lever 63.
  • the FM control lever When the FM control lever is moved from front to back by one gear, the frequency of Park Wing can reach 8 to 15 times per second, which is a slow gear.
  • the FM control lever When the FM control lever is moved to second gear, the frequency can be changed per second.
  • this gear is a low speed gear; when the FM control pestle is turned to the third gear, the frequency of Pu Yi can reach 30 to 50 times per second, this gear is a medium speed gear; when the FM control lever is turned to In the fourth gear, Park Yi's frequency can reach more than 60 times per second, and this gear is a high-speed gear.
  • the reason why the Pu-wing aircraft can break through the obstacles of Pu-wing frequency and achieve high-frequency flight is different from the bird's Pu-wing flight mode. Most birds have difficulty in breaking the frequency of Pu-wing more than 10 times per second. Frequency, and most insects fly at more than 50 beats per second. The reason is not only physiological, but also the limitations of the airfoil structure and the simple wing style.
  • the whole wing When a bird moves two wings in flight, the whole wing can be seen as a whole moving downward when lowering the wings, and the wings are no longer lifted upwards as a whole, but the humerus is raised first, and the hind forelimbs are very low. Quickly reach the highest point, so that up and down movements complete a cycle, which is difficult to achieve in less than 10 seconds.
  • the difference between the Parkwing aircraft and the Parkwing mode of birds is that the wings of the Parkwing aircraft are no longer purely up and down, but are driven by transmissions, such as ring transmission G or elliptical orbit.
  • the two wings move up and down while accompanying rotation (see Figure 10), so that the resistance generated by birds such as birds becomes lift, and at the same time, the two wings are overcome at high frequencies.
  • the drive system plays a leading role in completing each cycle of up and down movements of Park Wing.
  • the transmission wheels 14, 14 at the lower end of the device approximately every 3 rotations, the rolling wheel on the ring gear track drives the ball joint to run up, down, left and right, so that the two wings move up and down to complete a cycle.
  • the telescopic boom will drive Park Wing up and down for one cycle every one revolution in the orbit. If the normal operating speed of the engine is set to 5000 revolutions per minute, then the frequency of Park Wing of the Park Wing aircraft will be affected by the elliptical orbit transmission. Up to 3,000 times per minute.
  • the wing angle of Pu Yi is controlled and controlled by the angle footboards 37, 37 'on both sides of the cabin (see Figures 2, 8, and 10). Both ends of the angle control lines 38 and 38 'pass through the main front beam 74 and the main rear beam 76, respectively, and are fixed on the main front section 77 and the main rear section 79. The other two ends are combined into one and fixed on the foot pedal 37. Between the main front section and the main front beam, between the main rear section and the main rear beam, there are two Puyi support bridges 40, 41. All the Puyi control cables are laid on the bridge surface, except for the amplitude control cables. In front of the foot pedal There is an angled foot pedal 42 at the end, and a foot buckle 39 in the middle of the foot pedal.
  • the foot pedal 42 When the foot pedal 42 is stepped down, the main wing beam contracts inward, and the Puyi support bridge arches upward. At this time, the Puyi ’s The angle increases; when the foot pedal loses the depression force, the foot pedal 39 locks the foot pedal 37. At this time, the width of Pu Yi was also limited. Under the action of the pedal power, the footrest 37 can define the width in three gears, so that the angle can be 45. ⁇ 90. Within range.
  • FIGS 1, 8, and 11 show the control and control of the rear wing.
  • the two ends of the rear wing elevation control cable 161 are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the wing swing arm 109, the middle and the control lever. 64-phase connection.
  • the upper end of the control rod 64 is the rear wing elevation control handle 65, and at the front left of the cabin is the rear wing contraction control foot pedal 66.
  • the front end of the foot pedal is a foot pedal 67, and the foot pedal cable 162 is fixed through the tail main beam 126.
  • the extension arms on the left and right sides of the tail retract inward, so the retractable airfoil is pressed into the tail triangle by the telescopic press pestle 108 Inside the support frame 105, a lower stabilizer wing is formed, and the tail wing is retracted (see FIG. 11).
  • the telescopic pressure lever loses the downward pulling force, and the left and right extension arms of the tail wing eject the compressed wing outward, so the wing area is enlarged.
  • the forefoot is lifted upward, the foot buckle is ejected upward, and the foot pedal is locked.
  • the tail telescope is also restricted. Under the control of the rear wing telescopic foot pedal, the size of the rear wing area can be extended and retracted within a range of 3: 1.
  • FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the Park Wing aircraft 200-1 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment 200-1 differs from the above-mentioned embodiment 200 mainly in the wings and the aircraft Wing movement (see Figures 1 and 3).
  • the aircraft has ADi, AD ⁇ and AD 2, ⁇ 2 'four wings (wings may also be a two or eight).
  • the shape of the wing is similar to a bird wing, but other shapes are also possible.
  • the wing ADi has a transom 222 at the front, and slats 223 are arranged at the rear.
  • the center of the main spar 224 is the wing disc 225, the inside of the wing disc is the main wing, and the outside is the wing palm 226.
  • in-line telescopic arms 227, 227 ' may also be cross-shaped with eight wings.
  • the ends of the telescopic boom are rolling wheels 228, 228 'and 229, 229'.
  • the root of the main spar of the ADi wing passes through the rolling wheel 228 and is folded back at an angle of 90 degrees to be connected with the guide wheel 231 on the guide disc 230 that is rearward of the elliptical track.
  • the guide plate 230 can move up, down, inside, and outside, and is used to change the elevation angle and wing shape of the wing to meet the needs of flight.
  • the guide plate moves outward, and under the action of the wire drawing 233, 233 'and 234, 234' at the rear of the airfoil, the palm retracts backward; when the wings are moved forward simultaneously
  • the guide plate moves inward, and under the action of the front drawing of the wings 235, 235 7 and 236, 236', the wings extend forward.
  • the right handle 238 is pulled backwards and the left handle 238 'is pushed forward, the right palm wings contract backward, and the left palm wings extend forward. vice versa.
  • the airflow acting on the airfoil is pushed backwards and downwards by Park, which generates a strong reaction lift and thrust to the airfoil;
  • the lower wings AD 2 and AD 2 ′ move from backward to upward and downward and the palm is twisted upwards.
  • the gap between the wings at the rear of the wing under the same airflow And the front transom is opened by the airflow from above, reducing the simple resistance on the airfoil.
  • This type of movement can be called a four-piece rotary wing movement, and further includes six and eight-piece rotary wing movement.
  • FIG. 15 shows yet another embodiment of a park-wing aircraft 200-2 of the present invention.
  • Puyi BD, BD ' are a pair of slit wings, and the trailing edges of the wings are arranged with slit wings 242, 242' in this order.
  • Elevation angle rockers 245, 245 ' are provided on the outside of the cradle, and are connected to the elevation angle controller 247 on the left side of the nacelle through pull wires 246, 246'.
  • a guide pestle 248 is connected to the guide wheel 249 at the lower part of the elevation controller.
  • the guide wheel 249 meshes with a transmission wheel 250 of the same diameter on the transmission central shaft 10.
  • a guide wheel 251, 251' of the same diameter is engaged with each of them, and a guide pestle 252, 252 'and a wing palm rocker 253, 253 'connected.
  • the palmar rocker arm is connected to the palmar main ribs 255 and 255 'via pull wires 254 and 254', respectively.
  • the transmission center shaft drives Park Wing to start up and down, and at the same time, the transmission wheels 250 and 250 ′ also drive the elevation drive guide wheel 249 and the wing palm drive guide wheels 251 and 251 ′ to start working.
  • the wing rings are connected to the stern plates 31, 32 on the main beam of the front landing gear through pull wires 258, 258'.
  • pull wires 258, 258' When the control handles 29 and 30 are pushed forward at the same time, Pak Wing BD, BD 'extend forward at the same time; when the two handles are pushed backward, the two wings simultaneously Sweep back.
  • telescopic rods 260, 260 'control buckles 261, 261' are provided on the central axis power arms 259, 259 ', and two pull wires at the end of the buckle handle pass through the pulleys 262, 263 on both sides of the central axis and move The disks 264 are connected.
  • the rear part of the moving plate is connected with the diamond push rods 265, 265 '.
  • the wing angle of Pak Wing can be 45 °-60 °-90. The three angles are changed by the angle controller. When the angle is adjusted from 45 ° to 60 °, hold the handle of the angle controller. When Pu Yi moves from the bottom to the top, the four fingers close the hand brakes 269, 269 'and release.
  • the telescopic lever control clasps 261, 261 'set on the central axis power arm are out of the 45 ° position of the Puyi wing, and the telescopic rods 260, 260' are extended outward under the upward reaction force of the Puyi wing, which is locked by the control clasp.
  • 60 ° gear; 90. Adjust to 450.
  • Park Yi moves from top to bottom
  • the four fingers close the handbrake with force and then relax.
  • the retracting pestle contracts inward under Park Yi's upward reaction force
  • the control buckle locks at 45. Gear.
  • the Piao wing width adjustment is very useful when the plane takes off or lands.
  • FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of a sun wheel transmission system of a park wing aircraft according to the present invention.
  • This system consists of a center wheel 269 and a guide bar 270 to form a transmission device to transmit the power of Puyi.
  • Pak Wing's main spar 271, 271 ' is connected to the nacelle through spherical rotating support shafts 272, 272'.
  • the inner end of the main spar is a telescopic structure, and the ends are spherical joints 273, 273 ', which are connected to the guide bar 270 through a ball seat 274.
  • a link 275 is also connected to the main wing mover 276.
  • the center wheel drive device will drive Park Wing up and down, and pull the main wing mover handle 277 forward or backward. Park Wing can extend forward and sweep back.
  • Figures 17 and 18 show the mechanics of Park Wing ’s flight. Whether a Park Wing plane can fly and in what way, people do n’t even think about birds in the air. It seems that the bird's flight is very simple. In fact, from the perspective of aerodynamics, the flight of the bird's wing is quite complicated. Like other aircraft, the Puyi aircraft also needs lift to overcome its own gravity, and thrust to overcome the resistance to advance. Most modern airplanes use turbojets or propellers of turbine engines to generate thrust. They rely on air pressure to generate lift through the pressure difference between the upper and lower rigid straight wings to achieve air flight. Rotorcraft helicopters use a large rotor on the upper fuselage.
  • the aircraft has a Pak wing frequency of 15 times per second, under the action of the elevation control device, from the top to the bottom from A Pak to a, the aerodynamic force F acting on 0 on the wing surface can be decomposed into lift and The resistance F 2 , because the front edge of Park Wing is pushed down to a negative elevation angle, moves from the upper front A to the lower back B along an arc.
  • the relative airflow V G felt by the airfoil comes from the front and the bottom, creating an instant at the point of action 0 thrust. Therefore, the aerodynamic force F is inclined at an angle 6 in front of the vertical point of the action point.
  • the lift is inclined upward and forward, and the resistance F 2 is perpendicular to the lift F 1 in the direction of the air flow Vo.
  • the aerodynamic force F is deviated to the rear in the vertical direction, and it is decomposed into the resistance F 2 in the direction of the air current Vo and the lift force F 1 perpendicular to the resistance F 2 .
  • the main force is lift.
  • Park Wing moves from A Park to B from top to bottom, and the airflow is pushed to D at the lower rear.
  • the thrust is relatively reduced and the lift is relatively increased.
  • From bottom to top, from B to A, the lift is relatively reduced and the resistance is relatively increased.
  • the aircraft entered a state of straight flying at the hook speed under the original Puyi flight.
  • the components of the load supporting structure such as the straight wing A, the Pu-wing support frame B, the nacelle (:, the land and water landing gear F, the Pu-wing, the tail spar, and other components) Titanium alloy, nylon, carbon fiber composite material or other similar aviation new materials.
  • the park wing aircraft of the present invention can be used for air travel, traffic management, forest, farmland
  • the protection and aerial operation of each scale are ideal air vehicles and can also be used as model toys.

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un avion à voilure basculante comprenant un compartiment des moteurs, une voilure, une queue, un train d'atterrissage, un réseau d'énergie, un ensemble propulseur-transmission et un système de commande. La voilure précitée comprend à son tour une paire d'ailes supérieures et une paire de voilures basculantes situées sur le compartiment des moteurs. Les ailes supérieures et la voilure basculante sont reliées au compartiment des moteurs par l'intermédiaire d'une structure de support de voilure basculante. Les ailes supérieures se trouvent au niveau du sommet de la structure de support. Les deux voilures basculantes s'étendent de part et d'autre de la structure de support et sont connectées au dispositif de propulsion-transmission de la structure d'appui par le biais de la rotule d'articulation formée d'une rotule d'articulation concave au niveau de l'extrémité du mât principal et d'une rotule d'articulation convexe reposant sur le dispositif de propulsion-transmission de manière à basculer, sous l'effet de l'ensemble de propulsion-transmission, vers le haut et vers le bas en formant un arc.
PCT/CN1999/000079 1998-06-12 1999-06-09 Avion a voilure basculante WO1999065767A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU41296/99A AU4129699A (en) 1998-06-12 1999-06-09 The ornithopter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN98114766.6 1998-06-12
CN98114766.6A CN1239051A (zh) 1998-06-12 1998-06-12 扑翼飞机

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WO1999065767A1 true WO1999065767A1 (fr) 1999-12-23

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PCT/CN1999/000079 WO1999065767A1 (fr) 1998-06-12 1999-06-09 Avion a voilure basculante

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CN (2) CN1239051A (fr)
AU (1) AU4129699A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999065767A1 (fr)

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WO2022003464A1 (fr) * 2020-06-30 2022-01-06 Heleng Inc. Drone

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FR2921340B1 (fr) * 2007-09-20 2011-09-09 Univ Paris Sud Engin volant a ailes battantes
CN102826221A (zh) * 2011-06-13 2012-12-19 章静 一种相交轴的循环扑翼飞行器
CN102649477B (zh) * 2012-05-17 2014-08-06 傅东升 扑翼飞机
CN103832588A (zh) * 2012-11-24 2014-06-04 刘祖学 大鸟飞行器
CN103523221B (zh) * 2013-10-11 2015-11-18 南京航空航天大学 带主动扭转控制的仿生飞行器
CN104477385B (zh) * 2014-12-15 2016-08-17 佛山市神风航空科技有限公司 一种无人扑翼飞行器
CN106364672B (zh) * 2016-10-21 2018-12-21 胡高 弹性翼扑翼飞行器
CN108045576A (zh) * 2018-01-15 2018-05-18 缪顺文 可变形仿生旋翼扑翼固定翼一体飞行器
CN110162080A (zh) * 2018-02-12 2019-08-23 赵博实 穿戴式单手无人机控制器
CN110789709B (zh) * 2019-10-12 2022-10-11 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 一种具有前缘缝翼的复合材料水平尾翼
CN112078792A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2020-12-15 李得正 一种仿生鸟飞行器
CN112319792A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-05 广东国士健科技发展有限公司 一种重心在两翼之下的扑翼飞行器

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FR2582616A1 (fr) * 1985-05-31 1986-12-05 Bouillon Henri Ornithoptere
DE3537365A1 (de) * 1985-10-19 1987-04-23 Dausch Ernst Schwingenflugzeug mit muskelkraftantrieb
FR2620679A1 (fr) * 1987-09-22 1989-03-24 Pouget Andre Planeur a ailes battantes mues par la force musculaire, dont le battement des ailes est assiste par des ressorts d'equilibrage
CN1061193A (zh) * 1990-11-03 1992-05-20 高伯寿 人力飞行器
CN1071131A (zh) * 1992-07-26 1993-04-21 冯建光 人力飞行器
CN2213118Y (zh) * 1994-09-14 1995-11-22 任寿年 混合式扑翼机

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US4417707A (en) * 1982-01-26 1983-11-29 Ken Leong Human powered hang glider
FR2582616A1 (fr) * 1985-05-31 1986-12-05 Bouillon Henri Ornithoptere
DE3537365A1 (de) * 1985-10-19 1987-04-23 Dausch Ernst Schwingenflugzeug mit muskelkraftantrieb
FR2620679A1 (fr) * 1987-09-22 1989-03-24 Pouget Andre Planeur a ailes battantes mues par la force musculaire, dont le battement des ailes est assiste par des ressorts d'equilibrage
CN1061193A (zh) * 1990-11-03 1992-05-20 高伯寿 人力飞行器
CN1071131A (zh) * 1992-07-26 1993-04-21 冯建光 人力飞行器
CN2213118Y (zh) * 1994-09-14 1995-11-22 任寿年 混合式扑翼机

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022003464A1 (fr) * 2020-06-30 2022-01-06 Heleng Inc. Drone
US11345474B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2022-05-31 Heleng Inc. Drone

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AU4129699A (en) 2000-01-05
CN1288426A (zh) 2001-03-21
CN1081155C (zh) 2002-03-20
CN1239051A (zh) 1999-12-22

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