WO1999050736A1 - Indexage d'enregistrements a partir du papier - Google Patents

Indexage d'enregistrements a partir du papier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999050736A1
WO1999050736A1 PCT/US1998/020593 US9820593W WO9950736A1 WO 1999050736 A1 WO1999050736 A1 WO 1999050736A1 US 9820593 W US9820593 W US 9820593W WO 9950736 A1 WO9950736 A1 WO 9950736A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
annotation
recording
paper
time
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/020593
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Dymetman
Max Copperman
Original Assignee
Xerox Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9807001.4A external-priority patent/GB9807001D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9806973.5A external-priority patent/GB9806973D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9806977.6A external-priority patent/GB9806977D0/en
Application filed by Xerox Corporation filed Critical Xerox Corporation
Priority to US09/276,532 priority Critical patent/US6665490B2/en
Publication of WO1999050736A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999050736A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • G06F3/03545—Pens or stylus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/0304—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means
    • G06F3/0317—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means in co-operation with a patterned surface, e.g. absolute position or relative movement detection for an optical mouse or pen positioned with respect to a coded surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/0304—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means
    • G06F3/0317—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means in co-operation with a patterned surface, e.g. absolute position or relative movement detection for an optical mouse or pen positioned with respect to a coded surface
    • G06F3/0321—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means in co-operation with a patterned surface, e.g. absolute position or relative movement detection for an optical mouse or pen positioned with respect to a coded surface by optically sensing the absolute position with respect to a regularly patterned surface forming a passive digitiser, e.g. pen optically detecting position indicative tags printed on a paper sheet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/19—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays
    • H04N1/195—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays the array comprising a two-dimensional array or a combination of two-dimensional arrays
    • H04N1/19594—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays the array comprising a two-dimensional array or a combination of two-dimensional arrays using a television camera or a still video camera
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N1/32128—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title attached to the image data, e.g. file header, transmitted message header, information on the same page or in the same computer file as the image
    • H04N1/32133—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title attached to the image data, e.g. file header, transmitted message header, information on the same page or in the same computer file as the image on the same paper sheet, e.g. a facsimile page header
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H04N2201/3214—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image of a date
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H04N2201/3215—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image of a time or duration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3226—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of identification information or the like, e.g. ID code, index, title, part of an image, reduced-size image
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3253—Position information, e.g. geographical position at time of capture, GPS data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3269—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of machine readable codes or marks, e.g. bar codes or glyphs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3271—Printing or stamping

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to information capture and processing, and more particularly to paper-based indexing of recordings.
  • EP-A-495612 discloses a notetaking system based on a notepad computer with an integrated audio/video recorder, whereby a document is created or retrieved.
  • each character or stroke that is input by the user is invisibly time-stamped by the computer.
  • the audio/video stream is continuously time-stamped during recording.
  • the user selects part of the note and invokes a "playback selection" command.
  • the computer then examines the time-stamp and winds the records toe the corresponding place in the audio/video recording, where it starts playing, so that the user hears and/or sees what was being recorded at the instant the selected text or strokes were input.
  • a similar system is Hewlett Packard's Filochart system).
  • the present invention provides a method carried out in an information processing system, for providing access to a data set, comprising: recording the data set and, concurrently therewith, recording user data, the user data being dependent upon user actions carried out during the recording of said data set.
  • the invention preferably provides a method carried out in an information processing system, for providing access to a data set, comprising: (a) providing a manually operable an positionable input device, the input device including a marking device and an image capture device intergral therewith for capturing images at or near a marking tip of the marking device, (b) providing a recording device for recording said data set, and means for automatically time-stamping said data set, (c) in response to the user, with respect to a substrate, the substrate comprising a sheet medium and coded machine-readable markings formed on the sheet medium, said markings being formed so as to define a plurality of zones on the substrate, each zone containing machine readable first markings defining a page identification code, the page identification code being unique to the substrate, (A) positioning the input device at a location on the substrate, or (B) causing the input device to perform a movement across the substrate, capturing images of the substrate within the field of view of said image capture device while the input device is positioned at said location or during said movement,
  • the invention further provides a method carried out in an information processing system for outputting randomly accessible parts of a recorded data set, the data set having been recorded according to the above methods, comprising: storing association data defining a mapping between user data and respective parts of said data set, and in response to a user input defining a user action selection, said user action selection defining a selected one of the user actions, using the user data corresponding to the selected user action, outputting the part(s) of the data set corresponding to said user action.
  • This invention preferably provides a method carried out in an information processing system for outputting randomly accessible parts of a recorded data set, the data set having been recorded according to the above methods, comprising: (k) providing a manually operable an positionable input device, the input device including an image capture device intergral therewith for capturing images at or near a tip of the input device, and providing an output device for outputting said data set, (1) in response to the user, with respect to a substrate, the substrate comprising a sheet 3 medium and coded machine-readable markings formed on the sheet medium, said markings being formed so as to define a plurality of zones on the substrate, each zone containing machine readable first markings defining a page identification code, the page identification code being unique to the substrate, (A) positioning the input device at a location on the substrate, or (B) causing the input device to perform a movement across the substrate, capturing images of the substrate within the field of view of said image capture device while the input device is positioned at said location or during said movement, (m) from the image captured in
  • the invention further provides a programmable information processing system when suitably programmed for carrying out the method of any of the preceding claims, the system including a processor, memory, a manually operable an positionable input device, the input device including a marking device and an image capture device intergral therewith for capturing images at or near a marking tip of the marking device, a recording device for recording said data set, means for automatically time-stamping said data set, and an output device for outputting said data set, the processor being operable in conjunction with the memory, input device, recording device, automatic time-stamping means, and output device, to execute instructions corresponding to said methods.
  • the invention is concerned with ways of indexing recordings with notes written on paper, in a number of embodiments.
  • a preferred embodiment is via coded substrates (see GB application 98 (applicants' ref R/98003/JDR), which provides functionalities not provided by other embodiments (because they are standard functionalities of the coded substrates).
  • the invention may be embodied in a system for taking notes on paper during a recording (typically audio or video) and using them as an index to control playback of the recording. Extensions may allow the user to take notes either on paper or with an electronic device, and to control playback either with a paper copy or an electronic version of the notes. 4
  • the user makes a note on paper with a combined pen/camera or with pen or pencil; if with pen or pencil, either subsequently scanning in the marks or writing under the eye of a camera.
  • An identifying feature of the note is computed.
  • the feature is stored with the current time-stamp of the recording. This process may be repeated.
  • a note may be subsequently selected. Its identifying feature is computed and matched against the set of stored features and the time-stamp associated with the matching element is recovered, and used to initiate replay of the associated portion of the recording.
  • a preferred embodiment uses substrates, e.g. paper, or documents produced therefrom, which include visible or invisible coded markings identifiying the substrate and preferably locations or zones within it.
  • This marking scheme in turn preferably uses Xerox DataGlyphs.
  • handwritten paper notes may be timestamped without respect to an explicit recording (examples: ships log, news reporting).
  • Handwritten paper notes may be time-correlated with instrumentation logs (examples: laboratory experiments, telescope parameters, surgery-room parameters, meteorological conditions).
  • instrumentation logs examples: laboratory experiments, telescope parameters, surgery-room parameters, meteorological conditions.
  • a variant would not use time, but directly associate parameter values (such as the telescope's position) with the note. In this case a specialized application would be needed to interface to the instrument.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the components of a printed document as printed on a coded substrate
  • Figure 2 shows a sample of zones, and the disposition of machine readable data, on a coded substrate
  • Figures 3 and 4 show how digital data is encoded in the zones illustrated in Fig. 2; 5
  • Figure 5 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a pointer which may be used in implementing the invention
  • Figure 6 shows a configuration for passing page identification codes and/or page location codes from the pointer of Fig. 5 to a network computer, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 7 illustrates an overview of a system suitable for implementing an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a first processing operation, in recording according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic illustration of a second processing operation, in recording according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a third processing operation, in recording according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a fourth processing operation, in recording according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic illustration of a first processing operation, in retrieval according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic illustration of a second processing operation, in retrieval according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 14 illustrates an overview of a system suitable for implementing an embodiment of the invention permitting paper annotaion for electronic retrieval;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic illustration of a first processing operation, in recording according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of FigJ4;
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic illustration of a second processing operation, in recording according to one embodiment of the invention, performed in the processor device of Fig. 14; 1.
  • the invention concerns means of taking notes on paper during a recording
  • Two means are described, one in which the position of the annotation is used to identify it, and one in which the shape of the annotation identifies it.
  • An alternative form involves a facility to take notes using an electronic device (keyboard, palmtop, ...), but to print them and control playback using the printed copy, or to take notes on paper but control playback through an electronic device.
  • the user takes notes on paper; for each note, the system stores some identifying feature of the note with the time-stamp of the recording (as of the moment the note was taken).
  • the user selects a note from the paper; the system determines the identifying feature of the note, looks it up among those it has stored, and retrieves the associated time-stamp (which is subsequently used to play the recording starting at the position identified by the time-stamp, in accordance with prior art).
  • FIG. 7 An overview of the system is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the components are: A sheet of paper, on which a person takes notes during a recording session or playback of a recording in order to indexing the recording, or selects a note in order to control playback of an indexed recording;
  • a camera which delivers an image of the paper to 7
  • a recording or playback device which produces the current Timestamp during a recording session or playback of a recording when indexing the recording, or consumes a timestamp and plays the recording beginning at that timestamp, when playback is being controlled;
  • the identifying feature of an annotation is its position on the page.
  • the position of the marks the user makes on the page are used to define a region that bounds the entire annotation. This can be done in many ways, and the exact method used is not important.
  • a representation of the region identifies the annotation and is stored with the time-stamp. You select a note on the page by pointing at some part of it. The pointed-at position is checked against the defined regions, and the time-stamp of the one it lies within is retrieved. 8
  • Coded substrates provide one mechanism for recovering positional information, and an externally mounted camera provides another.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the components of a pointed document as printed on a coded substrate.
  • the printed document 102 comprises a layer 104 of printed visible (human-readable) information printed on a coded substrate 106.
  • the coded substrate 106 in turn comprises a layer 108 of visible or invisible machine readable markings printed on a sheet medium 110 (e.g. paper).
  • Figure 2 shows a sample of zones, and the disposition of machine readable data, on a coded substrate.
  • Each zone or cell 202 includes a border 204 and an orientation marker 206.
  • a first set of markings 208 over part of the interior of the cell 202 are encoded representations of the page-id, while a second set of markings 210 over a (smaller) part of the interior of the cell 202 are encoded representations of the localisation (page-loc) - uniquely defining the position of the cell 202 within the page.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 show how digital data is encoded in the zones illustrated in
  • Fig. 3 shows the binary data, i.e. 47 bits of page-id in the upper section 302
  • Fig. 4 shows the same data as in Fig. 3, but represented by Data Glyph markings. Encoding using data glyphs and the retrieval of data therefrom is discussed further in US-A-5,486,686, EP-A-469864, and the abovementioned GB application (ref.R/98003/JDR).
  • first set of glyphs markings
  • second set in lower section 404 the two sets of glyphs being encoded representations of page-id and loc codes.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a pointer which may be used in implementing the invention.
  • the pointer 502 comprises a marking device 504 (which may be a pen or any other marking device suitable for making marks which 9 are visible to a user), and an image capture device 506.
  • the image capture device 506 is able to capture images of an area A of a document 508.
  • the marking device 504 may be omitted.
  • the document 508 may be a 'blank' coded substrate, or such a substrate having human-readable information printed thereon.
  • Figure 6 shows a configuration for passing page identification codes and/or page location codes from the pointer of Fig. 5 to a network computer, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • the image capture device (e.g. CCD camera) 506 is coupled by wired or wireless (e.g. IR or RF) link to processing device 602 and in use provides image data defining capture images to the processing device 602.
  • the operative elements of the processing device 602 are a grame grabber circuit 604, image decoding software 606, and a CPU 608, which are known in the art. (In certain embodiments, the camera 506 and processing device 602 may be combined into an integral handheld unit).
  • the processing device 602 extracts from the image data the corresponding page-id and page-location data ( ⁇ pid, loc>) and communicates them in a wired or wireless fashion to a local device (here, a network computer 610, which is linked to the network (intranet, internet) in a known manner).
  • a local device here, a network computer 610, which is linked to the network (intranet, internet) in a known manner.
  • 610 has its own unique network address, but need not have any information output device (e.g. display screen, printer).
  • information output device e.g. display screen, printer
  • the user writes on a coded substrate with the pointer (a hand-held pen/camera combination). As she writes, the positions of the pointer while it is in contact with the page are recovered. (This is one of the functionalities of the coded substrates; it is enabled by a substrate of glyphs on the page.)
  • the user selects an annotation by clicking the pointer on some part of the annotation; the position of the pointer is recovered (again, as a natural product of the use of Intelligent Paper).
  • coded substrates also — for free — automatically launches the annotation/playback application when you click on the page, and automatically 10 locates the set of note identifiers and time-stamps for the page in use, wherever they're stored.
  • Figure 8 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 7.
  • a bounding region (for example, a bounding rectangle) is computed and serves as the annotation identifier.
  • the camera lies in a hand-held device.
  • the camera is in a fixed position over the desk.
  • This invention does not use the full set of concepts of those European patent applications, but employs the mounted camera concept from those works.
  • the user annotates a sheet of paper with pen or pencil.
  • the page is within the field of view of the camera. It has registration marks on it which allow distinct images of it to be registered properly with each other in the case that the page is moved. It may also have identification marks to distinguish it from other sheets of paper.
  • the user selects an annotation by pointing at some part of the annotation. Pointing is recognized by the image processing system. (Selection techniques are discussed in EP-A-622,722 and EP-A-840,199).
  • Figure 9 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 7 in this embodiment.
  • the identifying feature of the annotation is a number that is encoded in marks on the paper ahead of time.
  • the user scans one of the marks, then writes on the paper next to it.
  • the scanned mark is decoded, and the number is stored with the time-stamp of the recording.
  • the user selects a note by scanning the mark. It is decoded into a number, and the time-stamp associated with that number is retrieved.
  • Glyphs are a natural choice for encoding the numbers.
  • the additional functionalities of coded sybstrates can be provided by using such substrates without localisation codes pages as the special-purpose pages.
  • Figure 10 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 7 in this embodiment.
  • an image is recovered by the camera.
  • Processing the image and decoding the glyphs in the standard manner (using one of Xerox's glyph toolkits, either SmartPaper, DAE, or DataGlyphs) produces a number, which serves as the annotation identifier.
  • annotations are written on the page with pen or pencil and subsequently scanned.
  • the shape of the annotation identifies the annotation. This is similar to a method used in PaperLink to implement paper hyperlinks.
  • An annotation is selected to control playback by scanning it.
  • the annotation identifier (a set of features extracted from the scanned image) and time-stamp are stored for each note.
  • the user selects an annotation, it is compared to the stored images (or features are extracted and compared to the stored feature sets). The one that matches best is identified, and its time-stamp is retrieved. 12
  • Matching should be tractable and robust because there is a limited set of annotation identifiers to match against.
  • Figure 11 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 7 in which embodiment.
  • an image is recovered by the camera.
  • Standard image processing of it produces a set of image features, which serves as the annotation identifier.
  • a given page of notes is associated with a particular recording. Under the assumption that multiple pages of notes are taken, referring to multiple recordings, storing this association with the note/time-stamp mapping, and identifying this aggregate structure via a page identifier becomes useful.
  • Intelligent Paper incorporates page identification, and as mentioned, the mounted-camera embodiment provides for page identification. Pre-marked pages can also provide page identification by keeping the numbers distinct across distinct pages. For the shape-processing embodiment, a set of image features can serve to identify a page. The user can make an arbitrary mark on the page to identify it, then scan the mark. Collisions are possible but can be detected.
  • Audio and video recordings are in widespread use, but this technique can index any data stream whose values change over time. For example, if the user had a
  • GPS device whose values were accessible to the system, notes could be associated with locations.
  • annotations are input via a keyboard we have them in the form of ascii text. They can be printed in any fashion. An annotation is selected from the printed page by scanning it with a hand-held scanner. The scanned text is recovered using OCR. The annotation containing the most closely matching text is identified, and its associated time-stamp is retrieved. OCR accuracy can be improved by storing font information at the point of printing the annotations.
  • Figure 12 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 7 in this embodiment.
  • an image is recovered by the camera.
  • Optical character recognition is performed, producing a text.
  • This text is matched against the set of stored annotation identifiers (which are the text of the annotation, in this embodiment) and the closest match serves as the annotation identifier.
  • an identifying mark can be printed with each note (in the margin, for instance).
  • the mark is used as the key in time-stamp retrieval, or if the mark represents a number, the number is used as the key.
  • the user selects the note by hand-scanning the mark, which is recognized using techniques appropriate to the kind of mark. Possible marks are glyphs, bar codes, numbers or symbols in OCR fonts, icons, or text.
  • Figure 13 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 7 in this embodiment. This is similar to Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 14 An overview of the system is shown in Fig. 14. The elements are the same as in Fig. 7, with one addition: the images are stored in the table with the Annotation EDs and Timestamps. This allows a composite image (a) identical to the paper that the notes were written on to be constructed and displayed for the user on a screen.
  • the image of the page In the positional case, i.e. with localisation code (loc), when the annotations are made, the image of the page must be stored. The final stored image is displayed to the user. The mouse position (relative to the page image frame) is used just as the position on the paper would be for retrieval purposes.
  • a display can be built from the various scanned notes. When the display is built, the time-stamps must be associated with regions of the display, so that the mouse can be used for retrieval.
  • Figure 15 shows the operations performed by the processor of Fig. 14 for positional-based retrieval.
  • This Figure shows the elements as used in retrieval (using annotations to control playback of an indexed recording) in the positional cases (coded substrates and Over-the-desk Camera).
  • the composite image (a) described above is displayed on a screen to the user.
  • the user selects an annotation with the mouse by placing it on some part of the annotation. Because regions in image (a) corresponds to regions on the original paper sheet the notes were written on, the mouse coordinates identify one of the regions serving as annotation identifiers.
  • the timestamp stored with the annotation identifiers is retrieved and used for playback.
  • Figure 16 shows the elements as used in retrieval in the hand-scanning case.
  • Timestamps are associated directly with regions of the display when the display is built, so the mouse position when the user selects an annotation identifies a timestamp directly. This timestamp is retrieved and used for playback.

Abstract

L'accès à une donnée mise en mémoire se fait au moyen d'un scanner (506) à positionnement manuel, qui balaie une ou plusieurs régions d'une feuille et émet un signal de balayage. La feuille porte des repères lisibles par la machine, qui définissent deux ou plusieurs zones de ladite feuille (108) ; les repères (204) contenus dans chaque zone indiquent la position de celle-ci sur la feuille. Le signal de balayage est utilisé pour fournir des données de position indiquant une ou plusieurs positions indiquées par les repères (606) lisibles par la machine. Une ou plusieurs positions indiquées par les données de position sont codées avec des informations de temps, de façon à fournir des données codées de position et de temps. Les données de temps indiquant les informations de temps sont associées à la donnée mise en mémoire, de façon à permettre l'accès à ladite donnée au moyen des données codées de position et de temps.
PCT/US1998/020593 1998-04-01 1998-09-30 Indexage d'enregistrements a partir du papier WO1999050736A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/276,532 US6665490B2 (en) 1998-04-01 1999-03-25 Obtaining and using data associating annotating activities with portions of recordings

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9806973.5 1998-04-01
GBGB9807001.4A GB9807001D0 (en) 1998-04-01 1998-04-01 Cross-network functions via linked hardcopy and electronic documents
GB9806977.6 1998-04-01
GB9807001.4 1998-04-01
GBGB9806973.5A GB9806973D0 (en) 1998-04-01 1998-04-01 Routing document identifiers
GBGB9806977.6A GB9806977D0 (en) 1998-04-01 1998-04-01 Paper indexing of recordings

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US09/276,532 Continuation-In-Part US6665490B2 (en) 1998-04-01 1999-03-25 Obtaining and using data associating annotating activities with portions of recordings

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PCT/US1998/020596 WO1999050751A1 (fr) 1998-04-01 1998-09-30 Identificateurs de documents d'acheminement
PCT/US1998/020597 WO1999050787A1 (fr) 1998-04-01 1998-09-30 Fonctions interreseaux par liaison de documents imprimes et de documents electroniques

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