WO1999039137A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999039137A1 WO1999039137A1 PCT/DE1999/000248 DE9900248W WO9939137A1 WO 1999039137 A1 WO1999039137 A1 WO 1999039137A1 DE 9900248 W DE9900248 W DE 9900248W WO 9939137 A1 WO9939137 A1 WO 9939137A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- burner
- module
- determined
- parameters
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
- F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/16—Flame sensors using two or more of the same types of flame sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an incinerator. It also relates to a device for performing the method.
- a suitable firing control is usually provided. With such a firing control, the concentration of at least one reaction product arising in the combustion process is usually determined.
- the older German application 197 10 206.9 “Method and device for combustion analysis and flame monitoring in a combustion chamber” describes a method in which the temperature distribution and the concentration distribution of a reaction product formed in the combustion process are determined in a flame by means of an optical system. With such a method, the changes in the concentration distribution of the reaction product to be examined can also be determined locally in the combustion chamber, in particular in a flame. However, only global effects of the combustion process flow into the combustion control, so that the efficiency with locally determined distributions is only limited.
- a firing system for the controlled combustion of solid fossil fuels is known from German utility model DE 80 17 259.4 41, in which several radiation sensors are assigned to the flame area of each individual burner of the firing system. On the basis of the radiation intensity determined for each individual burner, there is a
- Control of the individual burners enables.
- the disadvantage here is that the radiation intensity of an individual flame is determined by a plurality of radiation sensors each receiving a line of the flame.
- the radiation sensors are pivotably arranged to receive a partial area of the flame.
- Such an arrangement is particularly time-consuming and expensive.
- the resulting different local densities of combustion gases are not taken into account in the combustion control. This means that the control of the combustion system is minimal with regard to particularly low pollutant emissions.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for operating an incineration system with which 3 the combustion process can be set particularly easily and quickly for particularly low pollutant emissions. This is to be achieved with simple means in a device suitable for carrying out the method.
- the object is achieved by a method for operating a combustion system with a number of burners, the composition of the fuel mixture of each burner being controlled by means of at least one setpoint value determined on the basis of dynamic characteristics that characterize the combustion process, in which the setpoint value for each individual burner is controlled Dependence on its share in the total share of a reaction product arising in the combustion process, whereby for each burner its share in the reaction product is determined on the basis of the dynamic parameters.
- the invention is based on the consideration that global measured values are not sufficient for a particularly simple and quick setting of a particularly low emission of pollutants. Rather, the individual contribution of each burner should be determined and taken into account in the firing control.
- the determination of the proportion of an individual burner in the concentration of a reaction product arising in the combustion process, in particular at the outlet of the combustion chamber, makes it possible to take into account the influence of each individual burner with regard to the total proportion of the pollutant emission.
- the combustion behavior of an individual burner and its influence on the combustion process can thus be optimized.
- the local course of at least one reaction product to be examined is advantageously calculated for each individual burner up to the outlet of the combustion chamber.
- the proportion of the or each burner in the 4 reaction product determined in a spatially resolved manner.
- at least one target value for the composition of the fuel mixture of this burner is determined.
- the overall combustion is homogenized and improved by optimizing the individual burners by tracking the respective share of the total share of the reaction product to be examined in the combustion chamber.
- the proportion of each individual burner at the exit of the combustion chamber is determined for a particularly reliable influence on the actually occurring emissions.
- the proportion of each burner in the reaction product is expediently determined taking into account the static parameters characterizing the combustion plants.
- the combustion model reproduces the combustion process particularly advantageously.
- This combustion model describes the combustion process based on the chemical reaction kinetics with suitable differential approaches.
- the transport processes e.g. based on the diffusion, the mass flow and / or the heat flow.
- the chemical reactions in the combustion chamber or in the flame e.g. the oxidation is described on the basis of elementary reactions taking place during the combustion.
- the physical connections between the transport processes or material flows of the individual burners with each other and between components of the combustion chamber, e.g. Heat flow between the burner and the wall of the combustion chamber are taken into account in the combustion model with the help of the exchanged heat flow, convection and / or radiation.
- the combustion model is supplied with parameters as input variables.
- the values of the concentration of the reaction product to be investigated for example the combustion radical CO or CH in the flame of the selected burner, are preferably used as parameters of the combustion process. 5 quantity or supply of the selected burner, the air supply or air quantity supplied to the selected burner and / or at least one variable of components which are in heat exchange with this burner, for example other burners or the wall of the combustion chamber.
- These parameters which characterize the combustion process are dynamic parameters which are characterized by the associated instantaneous values for a time range.
- At least one geometric size of the combustion chamber and / or the number of burners used are preferably used as parameters of the combustion system - also called boiler sizes.
- the parameters of the incineration plant are static parameters that describe the incineration plant in terms of its structure and geometry.
- the parameters are determined on the basis of measurements.
- the concentration of the reaction product is reconstructed by computer tomography from an emission spectrum recorded in the combustion process.
- at least some of the parameters are advantageously output from a memory as archived parameters. Using these archived parameters, the individual phases of the combustion process can be simulated, whereby the combustion process can be optimized with regard to a particularly low pollutant emission by changing individual parameters, for example the addition of oxygen for the 0 2 enrichment.
- the parameters of the burner to be examined are processed by means of the combustion model into an output variable that characterizes this burner, for example a concentration value of a combustion radical to be examined at the exit of the combustion system .
- This output size of the burner 6 is then expediently compared with the weighted average of the output variables of the other burners. From this comparison alone, it is possible to draw conclusions about a possible malfunction or bad function of the respective burner.
- the resulting comparison value is preferably used to form at least one of the target values for the composition of the fuel mixture of the burner in question.
- the combustion behavior of the burner in question is particularly advantageously homogenized and optimized with regard to the overall combustion.
- a setpoint module for determining the setpoint for the composition of the fuel mixture of each individual burner as a function of its share in the total proportion of a reaction product formed in the combustion process is provided according to the invention, the determination of the proportion of each individual burner
- a combustion analysis module for processing the dynamic parameters is connected upstream of the setpoint module.
- the combustion model is expediently stored in the combustion analysis module.
- a data processing module for determining the dynamic parameters is provided for each burner, the data processing module being connected to the combustion analysis module for processing the dynamic parameters.
- a data module is provided for archived parameters of the or each burner.
- the data module is preferably connected to the combustion analysis module for processing the archived parameters.
- the static parameters supplied to the combustion analysis module are expediently stored in a data memory.
- the combustion behavior of the individual burner or a combination of several burners can be simulated particularly advantageously by means of the parameters archived in the data module and in the data memory and the resulting flue gas values.
- the stored parameters are varied by small amounts and processed using the combustion model described above until a specifiable flue gas value or value of the reaction product is set. Based on the determined value, which for example represents a particularly low emission of the reaction product, setpoints of the individual burners are then determined with regard to the composition of the respective fuel mixture.
- the combustion analysis module is preferably connected on the one hand directly and on the other hand with the intermediary of a mean value module and / or a weighting module to the setpoint value module.
- a setpoint value determined by the setpoint module for the composition of the fuel mixture of the burner in question can thus be determined as a function of the other burners involved in the combustion process.
- the combustion behavior of each burner can be set using the setpoint module. A particularly low pollutant emission is thus achieved by such a targeted control of each burner.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that by determining the proportion of an individual burner in the total value of a reaction product to be investigated, for example a flue gas size, the mode of operation of each individual burner can be set such that the overall combustion is particularly low Pollutant emission is improved.
- the burner-resolved determination of the respective flue gas values of all burners at the outlet the combustion system and the subsequent optimization of the burners with each other enables a uniform burning behavior of all burners.
- the processing speed in this combustion model is particularly high due to the splitting of the entire combustion into the individual burners. This method is therefore suitable together with the device for controlling an incineration plant in real time.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device for operating an incineration plant
- the combustion process of an incineration plant takes place in a combustion or combustion chamber 1 with a number of burners 2A to 2Z.
- Optical sensors 3 in the form of special cameras each capture a partial area T in the combustion chamber 1.
- Radiation data D are recorded for each burner 2A to 2Z from its flame 2A 'to 2Z' in the form of emission spectra.
- These radiation data D are fed to a measuring module, hereinafter referred to as data processing module 4.
- the data processing module 4 can be designed, for example, as a rapidly responding programmable logic controller and / or powerful personal computer.
- a temperature distribution and concentration profiles of the reaction products, such as NOx, CO and CH, which are produced during combustion are calculated in the data processing module 4 by means of computer tomographic reconstruction.
- the temperature is determined by ratio pyrometry and the concentration of the reaction products or the combustion radicals by emission spectroscopy.
- the data processing module 4 from sensors 8 arranged at the outlet of the combustion chamber 1, in particular in the flue gas duct 6, are supplied with measured values M of the respective concentration of the reaction products to be examined.
- the measured values M of the or each sensor 8 represent the respective total or global value of the concentration of one of the reaction products to be detected. In other words:
- the measured values M of the or each sensor 8 describe the concentration of the reaction product at the outlet of the combustion chamber 1 and thus the corresponding pollutant emission.
- measured values M ' are fed to the data processing module 4 via sensors (not shown in any more detail).
- the measured values M ' characterize e.g. the fuel supply, the air supply of the or each burner 2A to 2Z or at least one variable of components in heat exchange with one of these burners 2A to 2Z, e.g. another burner 2B to 2Z or the wall of the combustion chamber 1.
- the radiation data D and the measured values M, M ' are converted by means of the data processing module 4 by computer tomographic reconstruction of the emission spectra or by analog-digital conversion to the dynamic parameters Kp characterizing the combustion process and fed to a combustion analysis module 10.
- H tr d tt d DJ dd 3 PJ ds 3 P- ⁇ tu ⁇ LP tr LP Pd d C ⁇ 3 H p- CD pj: P- d li ⁇ o LP d ⁇ CL Z ⁇ li ott • o rt n CL ti PJ ⁇ tt tt li ⁇ O ⁇
- the device for operating a combustion system described above achieves homogeneous combustion in the combustion chamber 1 with a particularly low pollutant emission. This is achieved in particular by the optimized burning behavior of each burner 2A to 2Z with regard to the respective proportion of the total emission of a pollutant or reaction product to be optimized.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU33250/99A AU740219B2 (en) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-01-29 | Method and apparatus for operating a combustion plant |
DE59903735T DE59903735D1 (de) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-01-29 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage |
DK99914392T DK1051585T3 (da) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-01-29 | Fremgangsmåde og apparat til drift af et forbrændingsanlæg |
AT99914392T ATE229630T1 (de) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-01-29 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage |
EP99914392A EP1051585B1 (de) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-01-29 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage |
US09/630,152 US6361310B1 (en) | 1998-01-30 | 2000-07-31 | Method and apparatus for operating a combustion plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803715.5 | 1998-01-30 | ||
DE19803715 | 1998-01-30 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/630,152 Continuation US6361310B1 (en) | 1998-01-30 | 2000-07-31 | Method and apparatus for operating a combustion plant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999039137A1 true WO1999039137A1 (de) | 1999-08-05 |
Family
ID=7856206
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1999/000248 WO1999039137A1 (de) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-01-29 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6361310B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1051585B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE229630T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU740219B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59903735D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1051585T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999039137A1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1854868A1 (de) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-11-14 | General Electric Company | System und Verfahren zur Verringerung der Schlackebildung an bestimmten Stellen in einem Dampferzeugersystem |
EP1855053A1 (de) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-11-14 | General Electric Company | System, Verfahren und Artikel zum Einstellen von Temperaturniveaus an bestimmten Stellen in einem Dampferzeuger |
US7581945B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2009-09-01 | General Electric Company | System, method, and article of manufacture for adjusting CO emission levels at predetermined locations in a boiler system |
WO2010055020A1 (de) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen der verbrennung von brennmaterial in einem kraftwerk |
WO2010055025A1 (de) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen der verbrennung eines kraftwerks auf der grundlage einer realen konzentrationsverteilung eines stoffes |
EP2199679A1 (de) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Verbrennung in einem Kraftwerk |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7931466B2 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-04-26 | Equistar Chemicals, Lp | Flare gas flammability control |
ITPD20130186A1 (it) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-03 | Sit La Precisa S P A Con Socio Uni Co | Metodo di controllo del funzionamento di un bruciatore |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8017259U1 (de) | 1980-06-28 | 1983-04-28 | Steag Ag, 4300 Essen | Feuerungsanlage zur gesteuerten verbrennung von festen fossilen brennstoffen |
US4622922A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Combustion control method |
JPS63217130A (ja) * | 1987-03-03 | 1988-09-09 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 自動燃焼調整装置 |
US4969408A (en) * | 1989-11-22 | 1990-11-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | System for optimizing total air flow in coal-fired boilers |
US5551780A (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1996-09-03 | Rwe Entsorgung | Method to determine characteristic features of processes forming radicals |
DE19509412A1 (de) * | 1995-03-15 | 1996-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feuerungsregelung einer Dampferzeugeranlage |
DE19710206A1 (de) | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennungsanalyse sowie Flammenüberwachung in einem Verbrennungsraum |
Family Cites Families (7)
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US3292855A (en) * | 1965-10-01 | 1966-12-20 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Microwave sensing apparatus and method for burner control |
US4059385A (en) * | 1976-07-26 | 1977-11-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Combustion monitoring and control system |
US4913647A (en) * | 1986-03-19 | 1990-04-03 | Honeywell Inc. | Air fuel ratio control |
JPS6321730A (ja) | 1986-07-16 | 1988-01-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | マグネトロン |
US4887958A (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1989-12-19 | Hagar Donald K | Method and system for controlling the supply of fuel and air to a furnace |
US5794549A (en) * | 1996-01-25 | 1998-08-18 | Applied Synergistics, Inc. | Combustion optimization system |
US5755819A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1998-05-26 | General Electric Company | Photodiode array for analysis of multi-burner gas combustors |
-
1999
- 1999-01-29 EP EP99914392A patent/EP1051585B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-29 AU AU33250/99A patent/AU740219B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-01-29 AT AT99914392T patent/ATE229630T1/de active
- 1999-01-29 WO PCT/DE1999/000248 patent/WO1999039137A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-01-29 DE DE59903735T patent/DE59903735D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-29 DK DK99914392T patent/DK1051585T3/da active
-
2000
- 2000-07-31 US US09/630,152 patent/US6361310B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8017259U1 (de) | 1980-06-28 | 1983-04-28 | Steag Ag, 4300 Essen | Feuerungsanlage zur gesteuerten verbrennung von festen fossilen brennstoffen |
US4622922A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Combustion control method |
JPS63217130A (ja) * | 1987-03-03 | 1988-09-09 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 自動燃焼調整装置 |
US4969408A (en) * | 1989-11-22 | 1990-11-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | System for optimizing total air flow in coal-fired boilers |
US5551780A (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1996-09-03 | Rwe Entsorgung | Method to determine characteristic features of processes forming radicals |
DE19509412A1 (de) * | 1995-03-15 | 1996-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feuerungsregelung einer Dampferzeugeranlage |
DE19710206A1 (de) | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennungsanalyse sowie Flammenüberwachung in einem Verbrennungsraum |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 006 (M - 781) 9 January 1989 (1989-01-09) * |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1854868A1 (de) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-11-14 | General Electric Company | System und Verfahren zur Verringerung der Schlackebildung an bestimmten Stellen in einem Dampferzeugersystem |
EP1855053A1 (de) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-11-14 | General Electric Company | System, Verfahren und Artikel zum Einstellen von Temperaturniveaus an bestimmten Stellen in einem Dampferzeuger |
US7469647B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-12-30 | General Electric Company | System, method, and article of manufacture for adjusting temperature levels at predetermined locations in a boiler system |
US7475646B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2009-01-13 | General Electric Company | System and method for decreasing a rate of slag formation at predetermined locations in a boiler system |
US7581945B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2009-09-01 | General Electric Company | System, method, and article of manufacture for adjusting CO emission levels at predetermined locations in a boiler system |
CN101025270B (zh) * | 2005-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | 通用电气公司 | 调节锅炉系统中预定位置的温度水平的系统、方法及产品 |
WO2010055020A1 (de) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen der verbrennung von brennmaterial in einem kraftwerk |
WO2010055025A1 (de) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen der verbrennung eines kraftwerks auf der grundlage einer realen konzentrationsverteilung eines stoffes |
CN102272522A (zh) * | 2008-11-11 | 2011-12-07 | 西门子公司 | 用于在发电站中监测燃料燃烧的设备和方法 |
US8603831B2 (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2013-12-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of determining a composition of fuel in a power station |
EP2199679A1 (de) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Verbrennung in einem Kraftwerk |
WO2010072708A1 (de) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-07-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum optimieren der verbrennung in einem kraftwerk |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6361310B1 (en) | 2002-03-26 |
DK1051585T3 (da) | 2003-03-24 |
AU3325099A (en) | 1999-08-16 |
DE59903735D1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
ATE229630T1 (de) | 2002-12-15 |
EP1051585B1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
AU740219B2 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
EP1051585A1 (de) | 2000-11-15 |
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