WO1999032983A1 - Verfahren zum austausch von signalen zwischen über einen bus verbundenen modulen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum austausch von signalen zwischen über einen bus verbundenen modulen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999032983A1 WO1999032983A1 PCT/EP1998/008318 EP9808318W WO9932983A1 WO 1999032983 A1 WO1999032983 A1 WO 1999032983A1 EP 9808318 W EP9808318 W EP 9808318W WO 9932983 A1 WO9932983 A1 WO 9932983A1
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- bus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/36—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to common bus or bus system
- G06F13/362—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to common bus or bus system with centralised access control
- G06F13/364—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to common bus or bus system with centralised access control using independent requests or grants, e.g. using separated request and grant lines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for exchanging signals between modules connected via a bus and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
- Conventional computers have several hardware modules that are connected to a common bus, such as. B. the known ISA bus or PCI bus, are connected.
- a common bus such as. B. the known ISA bus or PCI bus
- additional lines are provided for special purposes, such as. B. special interrupt lines over the individual
- Modules can request an interrupt from the CPU.
- the number of modules that can request an interrupt increases.
- the interrupt lines mentioned are more complicated Systems still other lines for special purposes and for the direct exchange of information between individual modules. These lines are hard-wired and cannot be changed or expanded later. This is the number of transferable between individual modules
- the object of the present invention is to improve the method and device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that any can be used without additional outlay for lines
- Amounts of information can be exchanged between individual modules.
- the basic principle of the invention is that the information is exchanged via the common bus. No lines intended for specific signals are necessary for the exchange of information between modules, such as, for. B. for interrupt, DMA (direct memory access; direct memory access), etc.
- the bus participant (module) that has to send information requests the bus on a single, common line (bus request), whereupon a clock-controlled cycle is started.
- This cycle is e.g. processed as a command (RAK command) and consists of a RAK command that initiates the cycle and one or more RAK cycles, each the length of a
- Each module is assigned a predefined period of time, preferably the length of a cycle, within which it sends its information to at least one bus line. During such a predefined period, several modules can also be addressed simultaneously if different bus lines are assigned to them. It is also possible to assign several bus lines to a module within a RAK command. The individual bus part Participants can also be contacted one after the other. The bus participant that has sent the request signal therefore sends its information over the previously defined line within the time window of the cycle assigned to it. Each bus participant is configured so that it can send or receive signals at one or more defined time windows. Several bus users can also be addressed in their function as receivers with one and the same cycle or time window. Conversely, a bus subscriber who has to send different messages to different other bus subscribers can send these messages within a full cycle at different time windows to which the receiver modules are configured.
- module generally refers to individual bus users, which can be designed both as a plug-in module and as an IC (chip).
- the invention is therefore also applicable to the exchange of information between individual chips which are integrated in a module, in which case these chips communicate with one another via the bus.
- the current bus master e.g. the CPU or another module that is the current bus master
- the bus master or another module can then use the bus again.
- any number of bus users can send signals within their time window or time windows and during the remaining time periods of the
- Any number of signals can be transmitted. - All types of signals can be transmitted and not just interrupt requests or DMA (Direct Memory Access) transfers, for example. All bus participants can transmit signals to everyone else. - A bus participant can e.g. B. send a signal, everyone else can receive it. So z. For example, cross-system signals, such as impending voltage failure or bus errors, are also signaled to all bus users. - The connections between the bus participants can be configured using software and reconfigured at any time. Extensions such as B. number of signals, only require a new software configuration. - The same procedure can be used for bus systems that are DMA or bus master capable. The slight additional load on the bus caused by this transmission or transmissions, on the other hand, is of no further importance. - All bus participants are therefore only connected to one another via the bus. There are no function or subscriber-specific lines or any additional lines (with the exception of a request line and possibly the RAK line).
- Each bus participant consists of a functional part and a bus interface, hereinafter referred to as BIU (for bus interface unit).
- the BIU is a circuit with which the bus participant is connected to the bus. It takes over certain activities that concern the bus without the functional part being involved. If, for example, a bus subscriber A or its functional part determines that the state of a specific signal has changed, so he reports this to his BIU. This was previously configured so that it should communicate this change to another or more bus users (clock and line). Now the BIU of bus participant A activates the bus request signal (bus request).
- the bus subscriber B who is currently using or may use the bus is the so-called current bus master.
- the BIU of the current bus master B places a RAK command (so-called RAK for request acknowledge) on the bus or signals this via an additional bus line. All connected BIUs recognize this command, including the BIU of bus participant A. Then one or more so-called RAK cycles (for request acknowledge) are carried out according to the configuration. If it is the turn of the RAK cycle for which bus node A has been configured, its BIU sends the state of the signal to the bus line for which A's BIU has been configured. This bus line is then regarded as a virtual connection line (VIL) between modules at this time. It leaves all other lines unaffected (tri-state). A number of signals corresponding to the bus width can thus be transmitted with each RAK cycle.
- VIL virtual connection line
- the number of RAK cycles in a RAK command is then the number of defined lines (VIL) divided by the bus width.
- VIL defined lines
- one and the same RAK cycle can be used by several bus users within a RAK command in accordance with the configuration and the bus width.
- one or more lines can be assigned, up to
- a bus participant who wants to become the new bus master must first get the bus. For this purpose, he also sets the bus request line active and the BIU of the current master executes a RAK command. The new bus master then sends a corresponding signal on the line assigned to it during the cycle assigned to it. If several bus participants want to become new bus masters, they all place this request on the corresponding bus lines during the cycle assigned to them. The BIU of the current bus master then determines the person who gets the bus. The algorithm for this is programmed and is set by the configuration master in the initialization phase.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of several modules and some connecting lines; 2 is a timing diagram of a cycle;
- 3 is a timing diagram of a full cycle and various other signals
- Fig. 4-6 Time diagrams of signal sequences that are triggered by different events (change of state Fig. 4; signal edge Fig. 5; interrupt
- FIG. 7 shows a basic circuit diagram of a bus interface unit (BIU) for a receiver
- FIG. 8 shows a basic circuit diagram of a bus interface unit (BIU) for a master
- Fig. 9 shows a basic circuit diagram of a bus interface unit (BIU) for a transmitter.
- BIU bus interface unit
- BIU Bus interface unit (bus. Interface Unit)
- IRQ Interrupt Request ( . Interrupt Request)
- VIL Virtual Interface Line (Virtual ⁇ nterconnection
- VRQ request for a VIL (Virtual Interconnection
- RQ Request Management (Request Management)
- Fig. 1 several modules MO, Ml ... Mn are shown, which are connected at slots SPO, SP1 ... SPn to a bus with the lines BO to Bn.
- a line RQ (in the following request line) is provided, which is set to a positive potential (logic level 1) by a pull-up resistor R1 and to which all modules are connected via corresponding lines BRQO, BRQ1 ... BRQn.
- a clock line CLK, a reset line RESET and a bus cycle line AS are also shown here. Additional lines may be present, but are of no importance for the invention.
- the bus can have any number of lines. In principle, any number of modules can also be connected.
- one of the modules is the so-called bus master, which in the usual way sends signals via the individual bus lines. gene sends or receives from them. Wil is now another
- a module that is not a bus master transmits information to one, several or all modules, it sends a bus request signal (bus request signal) to the bus request line RQ at any time via its BRQ line. by having a logic level “0" on it, otherwise being at logic "1" due to the pull-up resistor R1
- the BRQ signal is therefore "active low”. This can also be done asynchronously to the clock on the CLK line. After the current bus activity has expired, the current bus master recognizes this request and triggers a request confirmation command (in the following RAK command for request acknowledge), even if it has nothing to do with the current request.
- This cycle shown in Fig. 2 begins with a bus command RAK (for request acknowledge), which is output on any number of bus lines BO ... Bn and thus signals all other bus participants that now one or more RAK - follow cycles. All modules recognize this
- VAK virtual confirmation cycles
- VIL Virtual J. Interconnection Line
- Each time window VAKO, VAKl ... VAKn defined by an individual VAK is assigned to one or more modules.
- the VAKn can be assigned to the module Mn in the slot Spn, which, when it is the turn, on some or all of the bus lines BO to Bn for one Timing provides a signal on the bus.
- RAK commands therefore all modules count the clock and thus also the sequence of the individual VAKs and therefore, depending on the initialization phase, know when it is their turn to send signals on the bus and also from which module these signals were sent. You can then read the signals intended for them during the corresponding VAK.
- the current bus master then triggers a full RAK command and each module that has issued a bus request can then send its message to the line assigned to it during the time window or cycle assigned to it, i.e. during the corresponding VAK Lay bus.
- the first two VAKs are preferably reserved for master requests, so-called MAKs, for example MAKO, MAK1. It is a special case of VAK's.
- a MAK is a special case of a Group VIL. So all VILs of a RAK are combined.
- the transmitters and receivers are predefined. In relation to the transmitters, each master is assigned the bus line corresponding to its slot number, whereby it may send the signal "I want to become master" via this line. With regard to the receivers, it applies that all bus users who want or need to determine the new master must evaluate all VILs of this RAK cycle.
- the VILs that are not occupied by a master are masked in the receivers as invalid - based on MAK. But they could also be used as "normal" VILs.
- the so-called configuration master determines the slots in which the master modules are located. In the case of, for example, an 8-bit wide bus and 16 bus participants, the following applies: If a master is in slot number 0 to 7, the corresponding line
- VAKO kept free for a master acknowledge MAKO; If a master is in slot numbers 8 to 15, the corresponding line BO in VAK1 is kept free for MAK1. All lines not occupied by a MAK can then be occupied by virtual connecting lines VIL.
- master acknowledge MAK cycles
- Lines masked. Lines can also be open, since there may be no module or no master-capable module in a slot. If one of the unmasked lines is at "0", each module determines who will become the new master. The old master relinquishes control and the next master takes control, which only takes effect from the next bus command. The old master still applies while the RAK command is running. All master modules can determine and save the new master from the code that is on the bus during VAKO (MAKO) and VAK1 (MAK1), if they want or need this. It is sufficient if the master-capable modules process and evaluate the information during the MAK cycles. After a master change, the new master must always be granted a bus action. In any case, a command is carried out. The old master cannot immediately become the master again. The current master can immediately access the bus without delay due to bus arbitration access if no other master has requested the bus.
- VAK cycles depends on the bus configuration or the number of modules and the number of VILs. In principle, a VAK cycle is provided for each module. A complete RAK command does not necessarily have to contain all VAK cycles but can be canceled if the last one
- Module that issued a bus request it was their turn and sent its information. This can be signaled, for example, by the fact that each module, that has issued a bus request, keeps the line RQ at the logic "0" level until its assigned VAK cycle has ended. If other modules in the VAK sequence behind him have issued a bus request, these keep the RQ line on logic
- each module has a BIU (bus interface unit) that controls the communication between the bus and the module.
- Each BIU contains a. a memory or a register, in which is written during a configuration phase, which
- VAK cycle is assigned to the respective module, which e.g. according to the slot of the modules.
- These memories also contain a register set for the individual VILs, which defines the function of the VIL.
- VILs There are two types of VILs, namely "single-
- VIL "and" Group-VIL " While with the Single-VIL only one information can be transmitted on one bus line, with the Group-VIL all bus lines can be used. With the Group-VIL, however, it may be used during the give only one transmitter or only one receiver for each VAK cycle.
- each line can be transmitted via any virtual line VIL (0 to 7, with 8-bit bus width) in any RAK cycle (e.g. 0 to 15).
- the lines of a module are combined into a group depending on the bus width and transmitted in a RAK cycle.
- a PC architecture it is e.g. For example, it makes sense that a master module that contains the PC central processing unit (PC-CPU) and the interrupt controller (s) receives all interrupt requests.
- PC-CPU PC central processing unit
- s interrupt controller
- a special case of a VAK is used for this.
- all interrupt sources must then put the state of their interrupt line on the bus.
- the interrupt IRQO can be on line BO and the interrupt IRQn on line Bn, for example.
- the RAK number and the bus line are specified for each interrupt line in the transmitter, ie modules that report the interrupt.
- the receiver for PC architecture, the PC master with interrupt controller
- only the RAK number in which the interrupts are delivered must be specified. In the
- Configuration registers of the individual BIUs are defined for the virtual connection lines for each VIL, for example:
- Bit3 Transmission of level or edge Bit4-7: RAK number at which VIL is transmitted (4 bit)
- Bit8-13 Bus line number on which VIL is transmitted (only for single VIL)
- the corresponding information is placed on the corresponding bus line with a corresponding RAK number.
- the remaining lines remain in a so-called tri-state state, which means that they are released and then used by another bus part. can be "driven” and thus be set to logical 0 or 1.
- the module In the configuration area, e.g. B. of an EEPROM, the module contains information about which type of RAK requires the function and which the BIU of the respective module masters. It also specifies whether there are restrictions on the assignment of a VIL to a bus line. Under certain circumstances, when configuring a VIL, it must be placed on a specific bus line.
- the bus lines are used as CAD lines (for command / addresses / data).
- one of the modules wants to send a signal to at least one other module.
- the bus master ends its current bus activity at time t2 and issues the RAK command (request acknowledge) as a command on the bus in the time interval t2-t3. This is followed by a pause t3-t4, for example the length of a cycle.
- the bus master sets the AS line to logic "0". This signal shows all bus participants that a command, here the RAK command, is on the bus.
- this module outputs its information in the time interval t6-t7 to the bus line or lines that function during this time interval of VIL lines.
- the module that made the request then takes it away from the line RQ. If no further module e has been sent in Request-S igna l, so the line RQ goes back to logic "1". At this point the RAK command can be canceled. However, it is also possible to complete this command until the VAKn in the time interval t8-t9. At time t9, the bus master or possibly a new bus master takes over the bus again and can start its activities.
- a register can therefore be provided in the configuration area of each BIU, which records whether the corresponding module can suppress pauses and before which VAKs there are no pauses. If all existing modules can suppress these pauses, the distribution of the VILs can also take place from this point of view during the configuration.
- the configuration master sets the appropriate registers in the BIUs. In this case, a RAK
- the number of further VAK cycles can be freely defined and can in principle be of any size.
- the individual VILs are defined in the configuration registers of the BIUs.
- the modules that have defined one or more output lines for this VAK cycle activate the CAD line configured for them and place them on the current level or edge of the output signal. All modules that have defined an input for this cycle and for this CAD line temporarily store the status of the line and place it at the corresponding input.
- the signal AS can also be used for another purpose. As shown in Fig. 3 shown, become inactive (HIGH) again immediately after the RAK command. It can but can also be used to inform the addressed bus user of the length of the command or the number of data. An 8-bit wide bus is assumed. With a write command, the recipient of the data does not know the number of data, sometimes for one
- the master With a read access, the master also shows via AS how long it wants to read data. For a 16-bit wide bus, if the smallest addressable
- Unit as usual is 1 byte, can be done as follows.
- the bus delivers 2 bytes to the receiver for every clock cycle.
- the receiver does not know the number of bytes actually sent by the sender as valid, which of both bytes or whether both are valid. This is then solved so that e.g. in the case of a write access, the recipient of the data is informed, on the one hand, of the receiving address (even or odd) and, on the other hand, of the number as a modulo in the command.
- the recipient of the data can then determine whether he should only use 1 byte (then always the lower one) or both bytes in the last cycle of a command. As long as it is not yet the last cycle, which it recognizes at AS LOW, it uses both bytes. If AS becomes HIGH inactive, it is the last one
- the signal AS can also be used by the master to indicate to bus participants that a command has been terminated prematurely. If the end has come too early for a bus participant, because it is only in a later RAK cycle it is his turn to make a bus request again.
- VAK cycle Another special case of a VAK cycle is triggered by an interrupt request from a module. This is also announced on the RQ line. The corresponding VAK cycle is then defined as PAK (for PC interrupt acknowledge).
- PAK for PC interrupt acknowledge
- Outputs can be located on different modules, as with the other VILs.
- the master is e.g. a PC module and configured for PC compatibility.
- the modules that have a PC interrupt line for this master activate the corresponding line and set it to the desired level.
- the master temporarily stores the level and passes it on to its PC-compatible interrupt controller. Interrupts that are not used are masked in the interrupt controller of the master. The unused lines remain in the tri-state state.
- condition for triggering a request for a VIL can be specified in the configuration phase.
- the following options are available:
- the level or. Status is transmitted, whereby positive and negative edges can trigger a request. This is shown in Fig. 4 shown.
- the status of the corresponding channel is always transmitted in the defined VAK cycle.
- a request is triggered when the channel value (edge) changes.
- the request shown in dashed lines in FIG. 4 comes from another module, which is then also served in the current RAK cycle at a corresponding time window.
- Another possibility is to trigger the request with an edge (cf. FIG. 5). If a positive edge occurs, the will occur once in the corresponding VAK cycle Logically transfer the value "1", otherwise logically "0".
- a PC interrupt can also be triggered using the VILs.
- a VIL line is selected for transmission for an interrupt line. All PC interrupts can go from different transmitters to the receiver (Group VIL) during a VAK and can be kept ready for further processing by an interrupt controller.
- the interrupt controller in PC architectures requires a positive edge on the IRQ line with a subsequent positive level to correctly execute the interrupt.
- the IRQ line is reset to logic "0" after the IRQ has been processed.
- an IRQ according to FIG. 6 can be treated on the receiver side.
- the triggering of an IRQ by a VIL causes the receiver to set its corresponding IRQ register to "0" for a certain duration and then to display the IRQ by a positive edge followed by a high level. Even if the register has not been reset before, the IRQ is recognized correctly. It is therefore no longer necessary to reset the corresponding IRQ.
- the configuration master determines the requirements and capabilities of the individual modules. This enables him to describe the VIL registers in all configuration areas of the BIUs. For example, if a module A wants to report the occurrence of an event to a module B via a VIL, the VAK and CAD number of the VIL in module A (output) must match the numbers of the VIL of module B (input) during configuration. This ensures that the information at the same time (VAK number) is on a defined
- CAD number is transferred.
- the configuration master distributes the VILs in such a way that on the one hand no conflict and on the other hand the lowest possible number of VAKs is required becomes.
- the number of VAKs is also recorded in each BIU (configured by the configuration master).
- BIU bus interface units
- FIG. 7 Receiver (Fig. 7), a bus master (Fig. 8) and a transmitter (Fig. 9) are configured. Since each module can usually work as a transmitter and receiver, the circuits of FIGS. 7 and 9 are of course included in each module, whereby individual modules, such as counters, etc. can of course be used jointly for transmitter and receiver. As far as a module can also work as a master, the circuit of FIG. 8 is also included. 7 to 9 therefore serve only to explain the basic principle of the invention. The following description assumes that all three BIU's le, Im and ls have already been configured. The following description is adapted to the timing. If a module wants to send a signal as a transmitter, this is from the functional part of the module to the BIU ls (FIG. 9) on one line
- a counter 9m is started in the master, which counts the maximum number of RAK cycles according to the configuration in the BIU of the master.
- the bus for the CPU of the master is blocked during the RAK command. If the master has set the RAK line 13 active, approximately the same thing runs in parallel in the BIUs of the transmitter (FIG. 9) and the receiver (FIG. 7).
- a counter 9e or 9s is started in both BIUs, which counts the clocks (CLK) on line 5.
- the clock is provided here by a clock generator 14 in the BIU of the master and is supplied to all BIUs via a single common clock line 15. The clocks are counted as long as line 13 is active.
- the outputs of the counters 9e and 9s are fed to a comparator 10e, 10s and compared with the content of a configured register 16e or 16s.
- the RAK number of the corresponding clock for which the transmitter or receiver is configured is thus stored in these registers 16e, 16s.
- the comparator 10s determines a match in the transmitter's BIU, ie "its" VIL cycle has been reached, it reports this via a line 12s to a decoder 18s, which is thereby activated, and a preprogrammed line number for the VIL from a register 17s decoded.
- This activates one of the output signals 0 ... 7 of the decoder, namely that which corresponds to the configured line number of the bus.
- the state of the signal to be sent is placed on the selected bus line D0 ... D7 via a tri-state buffer 19 assigned to this output and is therefore available to all other bus users.
- the configured RAK number is recognized in the same way via the counter 9e, the comparator 10e and the configuration register 16e.
- On Multiplexer 18e to whose inputs IN 0 ... IN 7 the bus lines D0 ... D7 are connected, selects the configured line based on the content of a configuration register 17e for the line number.
- the output OUT of the multiplexer 18e thus carries the signal on the configured bus line.
- This signal is fed to a flip-flop 19 which, after a predetermined delay time, which is determined by a delay element 20, clocks the flip-flop 19, at the output Q of which the received signal is conducted on a line 2e to the module of the receiver.
- the maximum number of RAK cycles or RAK clock cycles is configured in a register lim and is compared in a comparator 10m with the content of the counter 9m. If the configured number of clock cycles has been reached, this is reported by the comparator 10m to the arbitration 7, which thus deactivates the "Grant BIU" signal, resets the start / stop unit 8, stops the counter 9 and the RAK signal the line 13 deactivated.
- the RAK line 13 to which all BIUs are connected is shown in addition to the request line 5. This line is active as long as the RAK cycle is running.
- this flip-flop can be reset and line 5 can be switched inactive. This can be recognized by the arbitration 7 in the BIU of the master, whereupon the RAK cycle is terminated prematurely via the start / stop unit 8. If several modules send a request at the same time or during a RAK cycle, the BIU of the sender that is configured to be the last to act will keep line 5 active, which ensures that all requests are serviced.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98965282A EP0961975A1 (de) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-12-18 | Verfahren zum austausch von signalen zwischen über einen bus verbundenen modulen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
US09/367,725 US6425031B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-12-18 | Method for exchanging signals between modules connected via a bus, and a device for carrying out said method |
CA002281589A CA2281589C (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-12-18 | Method for exchanging signals between modules connected via a bus and a device for carrying out said method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19756885A DE19756885B4 (de) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Verfahren zum Austausch von Signalen zwischen über einen Bus verbundenen Modulen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
DE19756885.8 | 1997-12-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999032983A1 true WO1999032983A1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
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PCT/EP1998/008318 WO1999032983A1 (de) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-12-18 | Verfahren zum austausch von signalen zwischen über einen bus verbundenen modulen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6425031B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0961975A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2281589C (de) |
DE (1) | DE19756885B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999032983A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1133194A2 (de) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-12 | Tenovis GmbH & Co. KG | Elektrisches Gerät |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6775328B1 (en) | 1999-08-11 | 2004-08-10 | Rambus Inc. | High-speed communication system with a feedback synchronization loop |
EP1150467A1 (de) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-10-31 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Kodierstruktur für Parellelbusse |
DE102009027625A1 (de) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrische Schaltung zur Übertragung von Signalen zwischen zwei Mastern und einem oder mehreren Slaves |
Citations (1)
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US5623672A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1997-04-22 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Arrangement and method of arbitration for a resource with shared user request signals and dynamic priority assignment |
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US5088024A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1992-02-11 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Round-robin protocol method for arbitrating access to a shared bus arbitration providing preference to lower priority units after bus access by a higher priority unit |
US5263163A (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1993-11-16 | Codex Corporation | Arbitration among multiple users of a shared resource |
US5301283A (en) * | 1992-04-16 | 1994-04-05 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Dynamic arbitration for system bus control in multiprocessor data processing system |
US5907689A (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 1999-05-25 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Master-target based arbitration priority |
US6223237B1 (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2001-04-24 | Adaptive Systems, Inc. | Expandable communications bus |
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1997
- 1997-12-19 DE DE19756885A patent/DE19756885B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-12-18 CA CA002281589A patent/CA2281589C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-18 WO PCT/EP1998/008318 patent/WO1999032983A1/de active Application Filing
- 1998-12-18 US US09/367,725 patent/US6425031B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-18 EP EP98965282A patent/EP0961975A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1133194A2 (de) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-12 | Tenovis GmbH & Co. KG | Elektrisches Gerät |
EP1133194A3 (de) * | 2000-03-08 | 2004-10-13 | Tenovis GmbH & Co. KG | Elektrisches Gerät |
Also Published As
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US6425031B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
DE19756885B4 (de) | 2005-04-21 |
EP0961975A1 (de) | 1999-12-08 |
DE19756885A1 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
CA2281589C (en) | 2005-02-08 |
CA2281589A1 (en) | 1999-07-01 |
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