WO1999032545A1 - Formkörper aus hartschaumstoffen mit kompakter aussenhaut - Google Patents
Formkörper aus hartschaumstoffen mit kompakter aussenhaut Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999032545A1 WO1999032545A1 PCT/EP1998/008087 EP9808087W WO9932545A1 WO 1999032545 A1 WO1999032545 A1 WO 1999032545A1 EP 9808087 W EP9808087 W EP 9808087W WO 9932545 A1 WO9932545 A1 WO 9932545A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- acids
- outer skin
- compact outer
- mold
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/34—Chemical features in the manufacture of articles consisting of a foamed macromolecular core and a macromolecular surface layer having a higher density than the core
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6692—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/34
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0033—Foam properties having integral skins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
- C08G2110/0058—≥50 and <150kg/m3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the production of moldings from rigid foams with a compact outer skin, and to the moldings produced by this process.
- reaction mixtures of polyisocyanates, polyols, additives and low-boiling liquids are used in practice.
- the pressure-temperature ratio of the edge zones determines the formation of the compact edge area.
- the content of low-boiling liquids creates a dynamic balance between the liquid and gaseous phases of the low-boiling liquid. This is in the vicinity of the cooled mold wall on the side of the liquid, so that no foaming takes place in this area.
- foams with a compact outer skin can be produced with carbon dioxide as a blowing agent.
- carbamates for the formation of carbon dioxide.
- Carbamates made from alkanolamines and carbon dioxide are specifically mentioned. These carbamates are added to the polyisocyanate-polyol mixture and disintegrate during molding and foaming at higher temperatures in the center of the molds with the formation of carbon dioxide, while these compounds do not decompose in the vicinity of the cooled mold walls.
- this process is very complex since the carbamates are produced in separate reactions must be and an exact Temperaturpro fil must be observed in the molds during the foaming process.
- the object was to provide a process for the production of rigid foams with a compact outer skin which can be carried out in the simplest possible way with easily accessible raw materials.
- WO 93/15121 describes a process for the production of plastics with amide groups with elimination of carbon dioxide, with polyvalent isocyanates, carboxylic acids and optionally alcohols being reacted in the presence of tertiary amines, in particular heteroaromatic amines.
- the compositions mentioned are suitable for being processed by the RIM technique, it also being possible to produce common molded parts from integral foam. Specific information about this production of the integral foam and in particular its properties in relation to the edge zones is not given. There is also no information about it made whether the compositions disclosed there in pigmented or filler-containing execution also enable the production of integral foams.
- rigid foam in the sense of this invention should be understood to mean foams which have a medium deformation resistance or a high deformation resistance when subjected to pressure.
- rigid foams in the sense of this invention are the foams defined in DIN 7726 under points 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 as "hard foam or" semi-hard foam with a compressive strength according to DIN 53421 of at least 15 kPa (at 10% compression) .
- a rigid foam with a "compact outer skin” is to be understood as an integral foam or structural foam which has an edge zone which, owing to the shaping process, has a higher density (almost density of the polymeric framework substance) than the core of the foam.
- DIN 7726 is in such an integral foam, the average density over the core and edge zone (total density) in the range of 100 kg / m ⁇ or above.
- the polyurethane binders used in the process according to the invention essentially consist of a reaction product of at least one polyol or polyamine with at least one polyisocyanate, with at least one carboxylic acid and, if appropriate, very small amounts of water being added to the foam as the blowing agent.
- polyols and polycarboxylic acids instead of polyols and polycarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids or aminocarboxylic acids can also be used.
- the polyisocyanates are polyfunctional, the suitable polyfunctional isocyanates preferably contain on average 2 to at most 5, preferably up to 4 and in particular 2 or 3 isocyanate groups per molecule.
- the ones to use Polyisocyanates can be aromatic, cycloaliphatic or aliphatic isocyanates.
- aromatic polyisocyanates are: All isomers of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) either in isomerically pure form or as a mixture of several isomers, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI), diphenylmethane-2,4 ' Diisocyanate and mixtures of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate with the 2,4'-isomer or their mixtures with higher functional oligomers (so-called crude MDI).
- suitable cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates are the hydrogenation products of the aforementioned aromatic diisocyanates such as e.g. 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), l-isocyanatomethyl-3-isocyanato-l, 5,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane
- IPDI Isophorone diisocyanate
- H XDI hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate
- m-TMXDI m- or p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate
- dimer fatty acid diisocyanate dimer fatty acid diisocyanate
- aliphatic polyisocyanates examples include hexane-1,6-diisocyanate (HDI), 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-trimethylhexane, 1,6-diisocyanato-2,4,4-trimethylhexane, butane 1,4- Diisocyanate and 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate (C12DI).
- HDI hexane-1,6-diisocyanate
- C12DI 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate
- aromatic isocyanates are preferred, preferably diphenylmethane diisocyanate, either in the form of the pure isomers, as isomer mixtures of the 2,4 '- / 4,4' isomers or else the MDI liquefied with carbodiimide, which is known, for example, under the trade name Isonate 143 L. and the so-called "raw MDI", ie an isomer / oligomer mixture of MDI, such as are commercially available, for example, under the trade names PAPI or Desmodur VK.
- quasi-prepolymers ie reaction products of MDI or of TDI with low molecular weight diols, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or triethylene glycol.
- quasi prepolymers are known to be a mixture of the aforementioned reaction products with monomeric diisocyanates.
- aliphatic and cycloaliphatic isocyanates are able to react quickly and completely to the foams according to the invention even at room temperature.
- their isocyanuration products or biuretization products in particular those of the HDI or IPDI, are also to be used.
- the liquid polyhydroxy compounds with two or three hydroxyl groups per molecule such as e.g. di- and / or trifunctional polypropylene glycols in the molecular weight range from 200 to 6000, preferably in the range from 400 to 3000.
- Statistical and / or block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide can also be used.
- Another group of polyethers to be used preferably are the polytetramethylene glycols, which e.g. be produced by the acidic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran, the molecular weight range of the polytetramethylene glycols being between 200 and 6000, preferably in the range from 400 to 4000.
- liquid polyesters which are obtained by condensation of di- or tricarboxylic acids, e.g. Adipic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, azelaic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid or phthalic acid with low molecular weight diols or triols such as e.g. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, glycerin or trimethylolpropane can be produced.
- di- or tricarboxylic acids e.g. Adipic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, azelaic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid or phthalic acid
- diols or triols such as e.g. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glyco
- polyesters based on ⁇ -caprolactone also called “polycaprolactones”.
- polyester polyols of oleochemical origin can also be used.
- Such polyester polyols can, for example, by completely ring opening epoxidized triglycerides of an at least partially olefinically unsaturated fatty acid-containing fat mixture with one or more alcohols with 1 to 12 carbon atoms and then partial transesterification of the triglyceride derivatives to alkyl ester polyols with 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical getting produced.
- polystyrene resin examples include polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polystyren
- the polyol component is a diol / triol mixture of polyether and polyester polyols.
- carboxylic acids to be used according to the invention react with the isocyanates in the presence of catalysts with the elimination of carbon dioxide to form amides, so they have the double function of being involved in the construction of the polymer structure and, at the same time, acting as blowing agents by eliminating the carbon dioxide.
- Carboxylic acids are understood to mean acids which contain one or more - preferably up to three - carboxyl groups (-COOH) and at least 2, preferably 5 to 400 carbon atoms.
- the carboxyl groups can be saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl radicals or connected to aromatic radicals They can contain further groups such as ether, ester, halogen, amide, amino, hydroxyl and urea groups, but carboxylic acids which are preferred as liquids are preferred Room temperature can be easily incorporated, such as native fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures, COOH-terminated polyesters, polyethers or polyamides, dimer fatty acids and trimer fatty acids.
- carboxylic acids are: acetic acid, Valerian, Capron, Capryl, Caprin, Laurin, Myristin, Palmitin, Stearin, Isostearin, Isopalmitin, Arachin, Behen, Cerotin and Melissin Acids and the mono- or polyunsaturated acids palmitoleic, oleic, elaidic, petroselinic, eruca, linoleic, linolenic and gadoleic.
- adipic acid sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid, oxalic acid, muconic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxy-stearic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, di- or trimerized unsaturated fatty acids, optionally in a mixture with monomeric unsaturated fatty acids and optionally partial esters of these compounds.
- esters of polycarboxylic acids or carboxylic acid mixtures which have both COOH and OH groups such as esters of TMP [C2H5-C (CH2 ⁇ H) 3], glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, glycol or their alkoxylates with adipic acid, Sebacic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid or grafted or partially esterified carbohydrates (sugar, starch, cellulose) and ring opening products of epoxides with polycarboxylic acids.
- TMP C2H5-C (CH2 ⁇ H) 3
- glycerol pentaerythritol
- sorbitol glycol or their alkoxylates with adipic acid
- Sebacic acid citric acid, tartaric acid or grafted or partially esterified carbohydrates (sugar, starch, cellulose) and ring opening products of epoxides with polycarboxylic acids.
- the “carboxylic acids” preferably include “hydroxycarboxylic acids”.
- “Hydroxycarboxylic acids” include monohydroxymonocarboxylic acids, monohydroxypolycarboxylic acids, polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids and
- Hydroxyalkoxycarboxylic acids with 2 to 600, preferably with 8 to 400 and in particular with 14 to 120 C atoms are to be understood which contain 1 to 9, preferably 2 to 3, hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups on an HC radical, in particular on an aliphatic radical.
- the polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids and the polyhydroxypolycarboxylic acids including the corresponding hydroxyalkoxy carboxylic acids are combined to form polyhydroxy fatty acids.
- the preferably used dihydroxy fatty acids and their preparation are described in DE-OS 33 18 596 and EP 237 959, to which express reference is made.
- the polyhydroxy fatty acids used according to the invention are preferably derived from naturally occurring fatty acids. Therefore, they usually have an even number of carbon atoms in the main chain and are not branched. Those with a chain length of 8 to 100, in particular 14 to 22, carbon atoms are particularly suitable.
- natural fatty acids are mostly used as technical mixtures. These mixtures preferably contain a part of oleic acid. They can also contain other saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In principle, mixtures of different chain lengths can also be used in the preparation of the polyhydroxyfatty acids or polyhydroxyalkoxyfatty acids which can be used according to the invention and which may also contain saturated portions or else polyhydroxyalkoxycarboxylic acids with double bonds.
- the pure polyhydroxy fatty acids are suitable here, but also mixed products obtained from animal fats or vegetable oils which, after preparation (ester cleavage, purification stages), contain monounsaturated fatty acids> 40%, preferably> 60%.
- monounsaturated fatty acids > 40%, preferably> 60%.
- these are commercially available natural raw materials such as beef tallow with a chain distribution of 67% oleic acid, 2% stearic acid, 1% heptadecanoic acid, 10% saturated acids with chain length Cj2 to C ⁇ , 12% linoleic acid and 2% saturated acids> C ⁇ % Carbon atoms or, for example, the oil of the new sunflower (NSb) with a composition of approx.
- the polyhydroxy fatty acids used according to the invention are preferably derived from monounsaturated fatty acids, e.g. of 4,5-tetradecenoic acid, 9,10-tetradecenoic acid, 9,10-pentadecenoic acid, 9,10-hexadecenoic acid, 9,10-heptadecenoic acid, 6,7-octadecenoic acid, 9,10-octadecenoic acid, 11,12-
- monounsaturated fatty acids e.g. of 4,5-tetradecenoic acid, 9,10-tetradecenoic acid, 9,10-pentadecenoic acid, 9,10-hexadecenoic acid, 9,10-heptadecenoic acid, 6,7-octadecenoic acid, 9,10-octadecenoic acid, 11,12-
- Octadecenoic acid 11,12-eicosenoic acid, 11,12-docosenoic acid, 13,14-docosenoic acid, 15,16-tetracosenoic acid and 9,10-ximenoic acid.
- oleic acid (9,10-octadecenoic acid) is preferred.
- Both ice and trans isomers of all the fatty acids mentioned are suitable.
- polyhydroxy fatty acids derived from less common unsaturated fatty acids such as decyl-12-enoic acid, stilingic acid, dodecyl-9-enoic acid, ricinoleic acid, petroselinic acid, vaccenic acid, elaostearic acid, punicic acid, licanic acid, parinaric acid, gadoleic acid, arachidonic acid, 5 Eicosenoic acid, 5-docosenoic acid, cetoleic acid, 5,13-docosadienoic acid and / or seiacholeic acid.
- Polyhydroxy fatty acids which have been prepared from isomerization products of natural unsaturated fatty acids are also suitable.
- the polyhydroxy fatty acids produced in this way differ only in the position of the hydroxy or hydroxyalkoxy groups in the molecule. They are generally in the form of mixtures.
- Naturally occurring fatty acids are preferred as starting components in the sense of natural raw materials in the present invention, but this does not mean that synthetically produced carboxylic acids with corresponding C numbers are not suitable.
- a hydroxyalkoxy group of the polyhydroxy fatty acids is derived from the polyol that has been used to ring open the epoxidized fatty acid derivative.
- polyhydroxy fatty acids whose hydroxyalkoxy group is derived from preferably primary difunctional alcohols having up to 24, in particular up to 12, carbon atoms.
- Suitable diols are propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol and hexanediol, dodecanediol, preferably 1,2-ethanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, polypropylene glycol, polybutanediol and / or polyethylene glycol with a degree of polymerization of 2 to 40 particularly suitable as diol compounds polypropylene glycol and / or polytetrahydrofuran diol and their mixed polymerization products.
- triols or higher alcohols can also be used to open the ring, for example glycerol and trimethylolpropane and their adducts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with molecular weights up to 1,500. Polyhydroxyfatty acids are then obtained with more than 2 hydroxyl groups per molecule.
- a hydroxy carboxylic acid can also be used instead of a polyol as the compound containing hydroxyl groups, e.g. Citric acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, lactic acid. Ester groups then arise instead of ether groups.
- amines, hydroxyl-bearing amines or amine carboxylic acids can also be used to open the ring.
- dihydroxy fatty acids in particular from diols, are preferably used. They are liquid at room temperature and can be easily mixed with the other reactants.
- dihydroxy fatty acids include both the ring opening products of epoxidized unsaturated fatty acids with water and the corresponding ring opening products Understand diols and their crosslinking products with other epoxy molecules.
- the ring opening products with diols can also be referred to more precisely as dihydroxyalkoxy fatty acids.
- the hydroxyl groups or the hydroxyalkoxy group are preferably separated from the carboxy group by at least 1, preferably at least 3, in particular at least 6, CH 2 units.
- Preferred dihydroxy fatty acids are:
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids are also suitable, e.g. Linoleic acid,
- Linolenic acid and ricinic acid Linolenic acid and ricinic acid.
- Cinnamic acid is a concrete example of an aromatic carboxylic acid.
- Tetramethylimidazole l (3-aminopropyl) imidazole, pyrimidazole, 4-dimethylamino-pyridine, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine, 4-morpholino-pyridine, 4-methylpyridine and N-dodecyl-2-methylimidazole.
- the above-mentioned starting materials for the PU binder namely polyisocyanate, polyol, polyamine and carboxylic acids and also amine catalysts, are used in the following proportions: 0.1 to 1, preferably 0.8 to 1 equivalent of a mixture of carboxylic acid and Alcohol and 0.0001 to 0.5, preferably 0.001 to 0.1 Equivalent amine catalyst, where the alcohol: acid ratio can be 20: 1 to 1:20.
- the amines should preferably be used in a concentration of 0.05 to 15, in particular 0.5 to 10,% by weight, based on the sum of hydroxycarboxylic acid and Isocyanate.
- organometallic compounds such as tin (II) salts of carboxylic acids, strong bases such as alkali metal hydroxides, alcoholates and phenolates, e.g. Di-n-octyl tin mercaptide, dibutyl tin maleate, diacetate, dilaurate, dichloride, bisdodecyl mercaptide, tin II acetate, ethyl hexoate and diethyl hexoate or lead phenyl ethyl dithiocarbaminate.
- organometallic compounds such as tin (II) salts of carboxylic acids, strong bases such as alkali metal hydroxides, alcoholates and phenolates, e.g. Di-n-octyl tin mercaptide, dibutyl tin maleate, diacetate, dilaurate, dichloride, bisdodecyl mercaptide, tin
- the organometallic catalysts can also be used alone if certain carboxylic acids are used, namely hydroxy and amino carboxylic acids.
- DABCO TMR-2 etc. from Air Products may be mentioned as the trimerization catalyst, which are quaternary ammonium salts dissolved in ethyl glycol.
- aliphatic tertiary amines in particular with a cyclic structure.
- tertiary amines those are also suitable which additionally carry groups reactive towards the isocyanates, in particular hydroxyl and / or amino groups.
- Diethanolphenylamine and its ethoxylation and propoxylation products diaza-bicyclo-octane (Dabco), triethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine (Desmorapid DB, BAYER), bis-dimethylaminoethyl ether (Calalyst AI, UCC), tetramethylguanidine, bis-dimethylaminomethylphenol, 2,2 '-Dimorpholinodiethy lether, 2- (2-
- the catalysts can also be in oligomerized or polymerized form, e.g. as N-methylated polyethyleneimine.
- the method according to the invention for the production of rigid foams with a compact outer skin can only be realized with the lowest water content in the system. If the system is processed without pigments, the water content must be below 0.2%. Binder mixtures containing pigment or filler are even more sensitive to traces of water; here the water content must preferably be below 0.1%.
- the polyurethane binders of the moldings produced according to the invention also have because of the carboxylic acid / isocanate reaction Urethane groups from the reaction of the isocyanates with the polyols and / or polyhydroxycarboxylic acids. They also contain a very minor amount of urea groups from the reaction of the isocyanates with the small amounts of water or the polyamines or aminocarboxylic acids in the system. They also contain ester groups or ether groups from the polyols used.
- the production of the foam according to the invention is largely independent of the water content of the fillers and pigments. This results in very constant properties of the moldings, in particular with regard to the pore structure and thus the bulk density of the core material and the compactness of the outer skin.
- the amount of the reactants polyisocyanate, polyol and carboxylic acid is chosen so that the polyisocyanate is used in excess.
- the equivalence ratio of NCO to OH groups is 5: 1, preferably 2: 1 to 1.2: 1, an isocyanate excess of 5 to 50% is very particularly preferred.
- the molded body to be produced according to the invention it is colored.
- Color pigments are used for this. These are preferably pigment pastes, i.e. finely dispersed pigments, which are usually dispersed in a reaction component in the polyether polyol. Specific examples are the Bayflex color pastes from Rheinchemie.
- foam stabilizers known per se, for example based on siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymers such as those sold by the Goldschmidt company under the trade name Tegostab.
- other silicone-free stabilizers can also be used, for example LK-221, LK-223 and LK-443 from AirProducts.
- drying agents in the form of molecular sieve pastes. If the water content is very high, these components may need to be dried beforehand.
- release agents can be used in the metal mold, for example Acmos release agents for PUR with the type designations 39-5001, 39-4487, 37- 3200 and 36-3182. In many cases, however, it may also be sufficient to provide the metal mold with a layer of fluorinated polymers as a release agent (Teflon® layer).
- the moldings produced according to the invention can be used in a large number of industries, preferably in the interior of vehicles, in particular motor vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks, camping vehicles and caravans, rail vehicles, ships and aircraft or for foamed moldings for the construction sector.
- motor vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks, camping vehicles and caravans, rail vehicles, ships and aircraft or for foamed moldings for the construction sector.
- Polyol and isocyanate components are mixed in the specified mixing ratio and placed in a metal mold impregnated with release agent, which can be closed with a lid.
- a foam can be removed from the mold, which has a compact outer skin that adheres firmly to the cellular foam.
- the outer skin had a thickness of up to about 1 mm and the entire molded body had a bulk density of 140 kg / m ⁇
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000525476A JP2001527107A (ja) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-11 | 緻密なスキン層を有する硬質発泡プラスチック成形体 |
EP98965812A EP1045875A1 (de) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-11 | Formkörper aus hartschaumstoffen mit kompakter aussenhaut |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19756950.1 | 1997-12-22 | ||
DE19756950A DE19756950A1 (de) | 1997-12-22 | 1997-12-22 | Formkörper aus Hartschaumstoffen mit kompakter Außenhaut |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999032545A1 true WO1999032545A1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
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ID=7852784
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1998/008087 WO1999032545A1 (de) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-11 | Formkörper aus hartschaumstoffen mit kompakter aussenhaut |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1045875A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001527107A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19756950A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999032545A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3644168A (en) * | 1970-06-12 | 1972-02-22 | Upjohn Co | Varied density polyisocyanurate foam structure |
DE3041589A1 (de) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-06-09 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Carbonsaeure-/carbaminsaeure-anhydride und ihre verwendung als co(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)-abspaltendes treibmittel zur herstellung zelliger oder schaumstoffartiger kunststoffe |
EP0372292A2 (de) * | 1988-12-03 | 1990-06-13 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus Polyurethanschaumstoffen |
WO1993015121A1 (de) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-05 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffen mit amid-gruppen |
JPH08245741A (ja) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-24 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | インテグラルスキン付ポリウレタンフォームの製造法 |
JPH08277314A (ja) * | 1995-04-04 | 1996-10-22 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 |
-
1997
- 1997-12-22 DE DE19756950A patent/DE19756950A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-12-11 EP EP98965812A patent/EP1045875A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-11 JP JP2000525476A patent/JP2001527107A/ja active Pending
- 1998-12-11 WO PCT/EP1998/008087 patent/WO1999032545A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3644168A (en) * | 1970-06-12 | 1972-02-22 | Upjohn Co | Varied density polyisocyanurate foam structure |
DE3041589A1 (de) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-06-09 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Carbonsaeure-/carbaminsaeure-anhydride und ihre verwendung als co(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)-abspaltendes treibmittel zur herstellung zelliger oder schaumstoffartiger kunststoffe |
EP0372292A2 (de) * | 1988-12-03 | 1990-06-13 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus Polyurethanschaumstoffen |
WO1993015121A1 (de) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-05 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffen mit amid-gruppen |
JPH08245741A (ja) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-24 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | インテグラルスキン付ポリウレタンフォームの製造法 |
JPH08277314A (ja) * | 1995-04-04 | 1996-10-22 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9648, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A25, AN 96-482289, XP002096591 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9701, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A25, AN 97-007496, XP002096590 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001527107A (ja) | 2001-12-25 |
DE19756950A1 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
EP1045875A1 (de) | 2000-10-25 |
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