WO1999016302A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von tierstreu sowie durch das verfahren hergestellte tierstreu - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von tierstreu sowie durch das verfahren hergestellte tierstreu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999016302A1 WO1999016302A1 PCT/EP1998/006200 EP9806200W WO9916302A1 WO 1999016302 A1 WO1999016302 A1 WO 1999016302A1 EP 9806200 W EP9806200 W EP 9806200W WO 9916302 A1 WO9916302 A1 WO 9916302A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- litter
- bentonite
- clay mineral
- cellulose material
- clay
- Prior art date
Links
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of a substance for absorbing liquids, in particular litter which absorbs animal excrement, cellulose materials, in particular waste paper and / or cardboard being crushed and then mixed and pressed with bentonite (clay flour) or a clay mineral with at least 50% smectite content become. Furthermore, the invention relates to a litter for holding liquids or a litter produced by the method mentioned at the beginning.
- a litter of cellulose material and clay powder which absorbs animal excrement is known from DE 40 28 933.
- the patent specification specifies a mixing ratio of 90:10 to 70:30 volume percent (before the components are mixed and based on the total volume).
- the object of the present invention is to provide a litter or a method for producing the same, with which a higher lump resistance and absorbency and the simplest possible processability can be achieved or possible. The best possible odor binding should also be achieved.
- the object is achieved in that, based on the cell 1, ulcer aterial antei 1 in comminuted form, about 1 to 10 percent by volume of bentonite or clay mineral are added to it.
- the litter to be produced has the best product properties if the proportion of the bentonite powder is 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 6 parts by volume to 100 parts by volume of the cellulose material.
- water is added to the comminuted cellulose material or the mixture of cellulosic aterial and bentonite, in particular as a spray.
- the goal is to increase the moisture content to about 13 to 25 percent by weight. This enables good processability and economic throughput on a roller press.
- the moistened mixture is through small die holes of 1.5 to 3 mm in diameter pressed through the roller press.
- the subject of the invention is also a litter produced by the process and litter in which the clay mineral - or bentonite content - based on the mass of the cellulose material - is 25% to 260%, preferably 50% to 160%.
- the litter has a bulk density of about 500 to 650 g per liter. Particularly good properties result for a weight of 550g per liter.
- Waste paper is preferably used as the cellulose material to produce excrement-absorbing litter, for example cat litter. This has an average moisture content of about 4 to 10% - preferably 10% - and a density of 800 g per liter. But it is also possible to use paper or cardboard or other cellulose products.
- the cellulose material is crushed in two stages to a fine-fiber, in particular cotton-like shape, namely in a pre-shredder up to 8 mm in length and in a fine shredder down to a fiber length of about 0.5 to 2 mm.
- the comminution is preferably carried out using a sieve with a perforation (rffei trapez) of 1.5 mm, similar to the preparation of the material for the production of gypsum fiber boards. In bulk, the density is about 40g per liter.
- Another component of the litter is bentonite or a clay mineral with a smectite content of 50% to 90%.
- Sodium bentonite or calcium bentonite are preferably used.
- the bentonite has a smectite content of 50% to 90%.
- For the rest, mostly accompanying minerals are included.
- the bentonite or clay mineral is processed as powder or flour with grain sizes of up to 0.07 mm. If the grain sizes are smaller, they are more intimately mixed with the cellulose material. Smaller grain sizes, for example 0.05 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.01 mm, 0.005 mm, 0.002 mm or 0.001 mm, are therefore advantageous, the values mentioned representing upper limits or identifying the predominant proportion.
- the finely fibrous cellulose material is subsequently mixed with bentonite powder or clay mineral, preferably in a ploughshare mixing drum.
- the bentonite powder also known as clay powder
- the bentonite powder has a density of about 1050g per liter and according to an analysis is preferably composed as follows:
- the powder preferably has a grain size of predominantly less than 2 ⁇ m.
- bentonite powder Based on the volume of the cellulose material, about 2 to 6% bentonite powder are added. For example, 10 liters of fiberized cellulose material corresponding to 400g and 0.5 liters of untreated cellulose material and 0.2 liters corresponding to 210g to 0.6 liters corresponding to 630g bentonite powder are added.
- Water is also added in the mixing drum, preferably via fine nozzles as a spray.
- the aim is to increase the moisture content from about 10% to 13 to 25%, preferably 14% (parts by weight). With a lower Bentoni tantei 1, more water tends to be added.
- the mass set in this way is pressed through bores. These are preferably die-drilled holes on a so-called roller press with hole diameters of 1.5 to 3 mm.
- the pressing process creates a litter with a grain size of predominantly 0.5 to 3mm.
- Processing on the roller press involves extrusion granulation with a flat die.
- the use of a roller press for the production of animal litter is not yet known.
- the mixture (cellulose and bentonite or clay mineral) is fed vertically from above to a horizontally arranged die in free fall.
- a pan head with preferably two rotating panes is rotatably arranged on this.
- Various parameters can be coordinated to optimize the product, such as the number of columns, the dimensions of the column, the die diameter, the number of press channels, the length and the diameter and geometric shape of the press channels, the distance between the rollers and the die.
- Below the die the product emerging from it, ie the individual pellets, is preferably separated by a rotating blade.
- the material fed in free fall forms a carpet of material on the die and is now constantly rolled over by the rotating rollers.
- endless press strands are built up in the open press channels of the die. The material is twisted due to the shear effect of the roller. This leads to good feed behavior in the press channels and to smooth (tough) pellets, in which the consistency is largely preserved through mechanical stress.
- the press channels can be simple continuous, in particular vertical, bores. These can be drilled out to a larger diameter in a lower section. This can cause the material in the press channel to swell and stabilize.
- the pressing effect can be increased by conical, funnel-shaped extensions of the pressing channels on the top of the die.
- Particularly important for processing in the roller press is the adjustment of the moisture content of the mixture described above. The moisture should be so high that processing in the roller press with high throughput, acceptable heating and high dimensional stability of the pellets is possible. For example, with lower humidity, there are higher pressures within the press, higher temperatures, higher wear, and a greater amount of dust after the pellets have escaped.
- the litter produced in the manner described above as the end product has very good lump resistance, odor binding and suction. Tests with cat urine have shown that soaked areas of the litter form lumps with great strength, which can be removed in one operation, for example with a fork scoop. Since the litter has an extremely high suction effect, penetrating liquid does not spread, but is quickly absorbed by swelling. Moist or swollen litter components do not adhere to the floor, such as a pure bentonite litter.
- the intermediate product - the moistened mixture of cellulose material and bentonite powder - is particularly suitable for economical processing on the roller press, i.e. for a high throughput.
- the main field of application of the invention is a cat litter or the production thereof. Other applications are possible.
- the suitability of the fabric for quick absorption of liquids is important.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98954298A EP1021082A1 (de) | 1997-10-01 | 1998-09-30 | Verfahren zur herstellung von tierstreu sowie durch das verfahren hergestellte tierstreu |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19743394.4 | 1997-10-01 | ||
DE19743394 | 1997-10-01 | ||
DE19838194A DE19838194A1 (de) | 1997-10-01 | 1998-08-24 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tierstreu sowie durch das Verfahren hergestellte Tierstreu |
DE19838194.8 | 1998-08-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999016302A1 true WO1999016302A1 (de) | 1999-04-08 |
Family
ID=26040490
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1998/006200 WO1999016302A1 (de) | 1997-10-01 | 1998-09-30 | Verfahren zur herstellung von tierstreu sowie durch das verfahren hergestellte tierstreu |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1021082A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999016302A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1983003255A1 (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1983-09-29 | Skamol Skarrehage Molerverk As | A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method |
DE3816225A1 (de) * | 1988-05-11 | 1989-11-23 | Strabit Werke Gmbh | Geruchs- und feuchtigkeitsbindendes streumittel sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
DE4028933A1 (de) | 1990-09-12 | 1992-03-19 | Guenter Warnke | Verfahren zur herstellung eines stoffs zur aufnahme von fluessigkeiten, insbesondere (tier-)exkremente aufsaugende streu, sowie eine nach dem verfahren hergestellte streu |
DE4311488A1 (de) * | 1993-04-07 | 1994-10-13 | Sued Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sorptionsmitteln auf der Basis von Cellulosefasern, zerkleinertem Holzmaterial und Tonmineralien |
DE4327159A1 (de) * | 1993-08-12 | 1995-02-16 | Sued Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sorptionsmitteln auf der Basis von Smektiten und cellulosehaltigen Materialien mit niedrigem Schüttgewicht |
DE19653152A1 (de) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-25 | Sued Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sorptionsmitteln auf der Basis von cellulosehaltigem Material und Tonmineralien |
-
1998
- 1998-09-30 EP EP98954298A patent/EP1021082A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-09-30 WO PCT/EP1998/006200 patent/WO1999016302A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1983003255A1 (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1983-09-29 | Skamol Skarrehage Molerverk As | A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method |
DE3816225A1 (de) * | 1988-05-11 | 1989-11-23 | Strabit Werke Gmbh | Geruchs- und feuchtigkeitsbindendes streumittel sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
DE4028933A1 (de) | 1990-09-12 | 1992-03-19 | Guenter Warnke | Verfahren zur herstellung eines stoffs zur aufnahme von fluessigkeiten, insbesondere (tier-)exkremente aufsaugende streu, sowie eine nach dem verfahren hergestellte streu |
DE4311488A1 (de) * | 1993-04-07 | 1994-10-13 | Sued Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sorptionsmitteln auf der Basis von Cellulosefasern, zerkleinertem Holzmaterial und Tonmineralien |
DE4327159A1 (de) * | 1993-08-12 | 1995-02-16 | Sued Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sorptionsmitteln auf der Basis von Smektiten und cellulosehaltigen Materialien mit niedrigem Schüttgewicht |
DE19653152A1 (de) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-25 | Sued Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sorptionsmitteln auf der Basis von cellulosehaltigem Material und Tonmineralien |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1021082A1 (de) | 2000-07-26 |
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