WO1999002893A1 - Boite de vitesses a engrenages - Google Patents

Boite de vitesses a engrenages Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999002893A1
WO1999002893A1 PCT/EP1998/004063 EP9804063W WO9902893A1 WO 1999002893 A1 WO1999002893 A1 WO 1999002893A1 EP 9804063 W EP9804063 W EP 9804063W WO 9902893 A1 WO9902893 A1 WO 9902893A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
bearing
phosphate
needles
cover layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/004063
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Ploetz
Wolfgang Fugel
Leo Müntnich
Original Assignee
INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG filed Critical INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG
Publication of WO1999002893A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999002893A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/4694Single-split roller or needle cages
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08Orthophosphates
    • C23C22/12Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08Orthophosphates
    • C23C22/18Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • F16C19/466Needle bearings with one row or needles comprising needle rollers and an outer ring, i.e. subunit without inner ring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34Rollers; Needles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/56Selection of substances
    • F16C33/565Coatings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
    • F16C2240/64Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings in the nanometer range
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gear change transmission with at least one gear mounted on a needle bearing on a gear shaft, which can be coupled via a coupling element to the gear shaft, with needles arranged radially between an inner race assigned to the gear shaft and an outer race assigned to a hub of the gear in a roller bearing cage are.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of avoiding the formation of corrugations in a new, previously unknown manner in a gear change transmission.
  • this object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1 in that at least the rolling surface of the bearing needles is provided with a phosphate cover layer.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that the formation of corrugations is avoided or reduced to a considerable extent by the phosphate cover layer in the coupled state of the gear shaft and idler gear.
  • the phosphate cover layers are used in conjunction with a suitable lubricant and prevent direct metallic contact between the bearing needles and the associated raceways, even if the lubricating film is torn open, so that the bearing needles cannot dig into the raceway and thus enable better sliding and Rolling behavior.
  • roller bearing cage should also be provided with a phosphate cover layer.
  • the phosphate cover layer acts as a friction-reducing layer between the rolling element and the cage, so that at high centrifugal forces the cage can be supported on the rolling elements via its inner mount without, however, clamping the rolling elements or preventing them from rolling. In this way, the undesirable slipping conditions of the bearing are prevented.
  • the thickness of the phosphate cover layer is adjusted to the required radial play, which according to claim 4 should have a thickness in the range of 1 to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the additional phosphate cover layer sets a much smaller bearing clearance than desired in later operation. It is taken into account here that the phosphate cover layer is gradually removed with increasing long-term stress, so that the desired bearing clearance only arises after a certain running time. After this period, the bearing components involved, such as raceways and rolling elements, have run into each other so that the separating effect of the Phosphate top layer can optionally be dispensed with and the lubricating effect of the lubricant is generally sufficient in itself.
  • the phosphate cover layer should be formed as a zinc or a manganese phosphate layer, wherein machine parts subjected to sliding or rolling friction are preferably coated with a layer consisting of manganese phosphate.
  • bearing needles and the bearing cage are subjected to a pretreatment before phosphating.
  • the formation of the phosphate cover layers can be influenced in a variety of ways by pretreatments or mechanical influences. It is known, for example, that grinding or blasting with sand or steel grain creates ideal conditions for the growth of the layer. In this case, the surface is covered with a large number of active centers, so that the pickling attack which initiates the layer formation and the growth of the coating take place very uniformly.
  • acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid reduces the number of crystallization nuclei present on the metal surface for the layer structure, so that coarse-crystalline, thick coatings are formed after these treatments.
  • the crystallization begins at many points, so that the phosphate crystals unite on the surface after a short time.
  • the thickness of the layer, its roughness and the time it takes for it to form completely remain small.
  • a thick, coarsely crystalline layer results, whereby the time to complete formation is considerably longer.
  • the phosphate layers can be influenced by special pre-rinsing.
  • pre-rinse solutions By briefly touching the metal surfaces with pre-rinse solutions, the layer enlarging ends and layer thickening effects of pickling in acids removed. Thin, finely crystalline cover layers are again formed, with at least the phosphating time decreasing at the same time. Similar to these activating pre-rinses, brushing or rubbing off the metal surface before phosphating works. In this case, particularly thin, fine-crystalline layers are produced again.
  • Another known mechanical means for influencing the layer formation consists in the way in which the metal surface is brought into contact with the phosphating solution.
  • the thickness of the coating formed decreases with increasing relative speed between the metal surface and the phosphating solution.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a partially illustrated gear change transmission for a motor vehicle
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a partial longitudinal section through an idler gear
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail from a cross section through an idler gear bearing according to FIG. 2.
  • the motor vehicle transmission 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a housing 2 in which a transmission shaft 3 and a countershaft 4 are mounted via roller bearings 5 and 6.
  • a transmission shaft 3 and a countershaft 4 are mounted via roller bearings 5 and 6.
  • gear shaft 3 On the gear shaft 3 are freely rotatable gears 7, so-called Idler wheels arranged, and clutches 8, via which the idler wheels 7 are positively connected to the gear shaft 3.
  • the idler gears 7 mesh with gears 9 which are arranged on the countershaft 4.
  • the idler gears 7 are supported on the gear shaft 3 by way of needle roller and cage assemblies 10, each of which consists of a roller bearing cage 11 and needles 12 arranged in it.
  • a sleeve 1 3 is provided between the needle ring and the idler gear 7, so that the needles 12 roll on raceways 14 and 1 5, which are formed on the one hand on the inner circumferential surface 16 of the sleeve 1 3 and on the other hand on the gear shaft 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partially illustrated idler gear 7, which is mounted on the gear shaft 3 via the needle ring 10.
  • An unspecified hub of the idler gear 7 has a cylindrical receptacle in which the sleeve 1 3 is arranged.
  • the bearing needles 12 of the needle ring 10 roll on the associated raceways 14 and 15.
  • the roller bearing cage 11 is guided through the bearing thread 12 and has a radially running gap 17 so that it can spring open in the circumferential direction.
  • the needle wreath 10 consisting of bearing needles 1 2 and the roller bearing cage 1 1 was introduced to produce a zinc phosphate cover layer. This was left in the bath until the zinc phosphate top layer on the steel surface had reached a thickness of 15 ⁇ m. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that the internal clearance of the bearing is determined via the thickness of the zinc phosphate cover layer on the bearing needles 1 2.
  • the radial play will be significantly less than after a few hours of operation, since, as already described above, the phosphate cover layer is gradually removed with increasing continuous use, ie the bearing play increases until it reaches the desired value.
  • the zinc phosphate cover layer is of particular importance for the inner mounting of the cage 11, since when large centrifugal forces take effect, the cage 11 springs open in the direction of the raceway 14 and the lubricating film between the cage 11 and is torn off Bearing needle 12 can come. In this case, the lubrication takes over the phosphate cover layer on the inner holder of the cage 1 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une boîte de vitesses à engrenages comportant au moins un engrenage (7) monté sur un arbre de transmission (3) par l'intermédiaire d'un roulement à aiguilles. Cet engrenage (7) peut être accouplé avec l'arbre de transmission (3) par l'intermédiaire d'un élément d'accouplement (8), des aiguilles (12) étant disposées dans une cage de roulement (11) radialement entre un chemin de roulement intérieur (15) associé à l'arbre de transmission (3) et un chemin de roulement extérieur (14) associé à un moyeu de l'engrenage (7). Cette boîte de vitesses à engrenages est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins la surface de roulement des aiguilles (12) est munie d'une couche de revêtement en phosphate permettant d'éviter le striage.
PCT/EP1998/004063 1997-07-07 1998-07-01 Boite de vitesses a engrenages WO1999002893A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19728919.3 1997-07-07
DE19728919A DE19728919B4 (de) 1997-07-07 1997-07-07 Zahnräderwechselgetriebe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999002893A1 true WO1999002893A1 (fr) 1999-01-21

Family

ID=7834866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1998/004063 WO1999002893A1 (fr) 1997-07-07 1998-07-01 Boite de vitesses a engrenages

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19728919B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999002893A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111853209A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-10-30 弗兰德有限公司 具有预加应力的传动装置壳体壁的传动装置

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JP2002181050A (ja) 2000-03-16 2002-06-26 Nsk Ltd 転がり摺動部材とその製造方法及び転がり摺動ユニット
DE10316410A1 (de) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-21 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Käfig für ein Radialwälzlager
DE102004009472A1 (de) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kraftfahrzeuggetriebe mit ölnebelgeschmierter zweireihiger Nadellagerung
DE102006024614A1 (de) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Schaeffler Kg Verfahren zum Behandeln einer Wälzlagerkomponente und Wälzlagerkomponente
DE202006009624U1 (de) * 2006-06-19 2007-10-31 Paatz Viernau Gmbh Verbundstabile Beschichtung
DE102010024598A1 (de) 2010-06-22 2011-12-22 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Getriebevorrichtung und Schmiervorrichtung sowie Wälzlager für die Getriebevorrichtung
DE102014223016A1 (de) 2014-11-12 2016-05-12 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Rollenkranz
DE102015200461A1 (de) 2015-01-14 2016-07-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Planetenradlagerung mit U-förmig gestalteter Hülse
DE102016202318A1 (de) 2016-02-16 2017-08-17 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Geräuschoptimierte Losradlagerung

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GB2121120A (en) * 1982-04-27 1983-12-14 Timken Co Rolling bearings
DE4113526A1 (de) * 1991-04-25 1992-10-29 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Waelzlager
GB2270721A (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-23 Daido Metal Co Bearings.
DE9408946U1 (de) * 1994-06-01 1994-07-28 INA Wälzlager Schaeffler KG, 91074 Herzogenaurach Zahnräderwechselgetriebe
US5630668A (en) * 1994-08-19 1997-05-20 Nsk Ltd. Thrust needle-shaped roller bearing, rolling bearing, and cage of the thrust needle-shaped roller bearing

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GB2121120A (en) * 1982-04-27 1983-12-14 Timken Co Rolling bearings
DE4113526A1 (de) * 1991-04-25 1992-10-29 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Waelzlager
GB2270721A (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-23 Daido Metal Co Bearings.
DE9408946U1 (de) * 1994-06-01 1994-07-28 INA Wälzlager Schaeffler KG, 91074 Herzogenaurach Zahnräderwechselgetriebe
US5630668A (en) * 1994-08-19 1997-05-20 Nsk Ltd. Thrust needle-shaped roller bearing, rolling bearing, and cage of the thrust needle-shaped roller bearing

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111853209A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-10-30 弗兰德有限公司 具有预加应力的传动装置壳体壁的传动装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19728919B4 (de) 2005-12-01
DE19728919A1 (de) 1999-01-14

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