WO1999001877A1 - Überspannungsableiter für hoch- oder mittelspannung - Google Patents
Überspannungsableiter für hoch- oder mittelspannung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999001877A1 WO1999001877A1 PCT/DE1998/001858 DE9801858W WO9901877A1 WO 1999001877 A1 WO1999001877 A1 WO 1999001877A1 DE 9801858 W DE9801858 W DE 9801858W WO 9901877 A1 WO9901877 A1 WO 9901877A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- arrester
- housing
- surface wave
- temperature
- wave sensor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a surge arrester for high or medium voltage with an arrester block which is arranged in a gas-tight manner in an encapsulation housing.
- Such a surge arrester is known for example from EP 0 388 779 A2.
- the measurement of the heating of a spark gap-free conductor can be used to monitor its aging condition. Even with arresters with a spark gap, the measurement of the temperature allows statements about processes in the arrester. In addition, information about further operating variables of the arrester, which can be determined in the interior of the encapsulation housing, is also desirable.
- the task is to create an overvoltage arrester which allows particularly simple and convenient monitoring of its operating state and its aging state, for example the temperature, the current, the gas pressure or the gas moisture, and a method which reliably monitors the Arrester and a derivation of statements about the state of the arrester are permitted.
- a sensor in particular a temperature sensor, is arranged in the form of a surface wave sensor within the encapsulation housing in the arrester block.
- the method according to the invention provides that a measured variable, in particular the temperature in the interior of the encapsulation housing, is measured by means of a surface wave sensor, that the measured values are transmitted to the outside by means of an antenna and that the electrical energy converted in the conductor is determined in particular from the temperature.
- a surface wave sensor that can be queried by radio is a passive, acoustic band element to which an interrogation signal in the form of an electromagnetic wave can be radiated from the outside, outside the encapsulating housing of the arrester, which can be received by means of an antenna and depending on certain physical quantities, e.g. the U - ambient temperature of the surface wave sensor is returned in a modified form and can be picked up again by an antenna outside the encapsulation housing.
- the measured value for the measured variable in particular the temperature inside the encapsulation housing of the surge arrester, is thus available for further processing on a query device outside the encapsulation housing, which can be arranged, for example, at the base of the arrester, for further processing and can be used, for example, by means of an optical waveguide Radio, or be forwarded to a central data processing system via another measuring line.
- the signals that are reflected back by different surface acoustic wave sensors can also be encoded by the individual surface acoustic wave sensors, so that signals from several closely adjacent surge arresters can easily be distinguished and assigned accordingly.
- the behavior of a surface wave sensor can in principle also be irreversibly changed by temporarily overloading the sensor. In this way, an overload that occurred in the past can also be determined on the basis of the changed behavior of the surface wave sensor. This property can be used to register arrester overloads or total failures.
- the leakage current can be determined which, in connection with the applied voltage, provides information about the state of aging and the expected service life of the arrester allowed.
- the instantaneously flowing discharge current can also be determined from a temporary heating of the arrester.
- the method according to the invention can be designed such that in the event of a sudden increase in the temperature of the arrester block, the electrical energy converted in the 7-conductor is determined from the temperature difference and the heat capacity.
- Such a leakage current normally only flows for a very short time, so that a very high amount of energy is converted into heat in the arrester block. This leads to a temporary strong heating of the arrester, which manifests itself in a temperature jump, which is recorded by the surface sensor. From the temperature difference of such a temperature jump, multiplied by an average heat capacity of the arrester material or from a corresponding calibration curve, the energy converted in the 7 ⁇ conductor can be calculated or the derivation processes be counted to document the condition of the arrester or to initiate maintenance.
- the temperature values are continuously recorded by the surface wave sensor.
- a stationary interrogation unit then continuously emits signals to the surface wave sensor and receives the returned signals for evaluation.
- the individual surface wave sensors of a group of drains are only interrogated or periodically with a transportable interrogation device.
- An advantageous embodiment of the surge arrester according to the invention provides that the surface wave sensor is arranged within an at least partially metallic housing, the walls or other constituent parts of which form an antenna, and that in the axial direction of the arrester block between two arrester elements or between one
- the metallic housing can typically be designed as a hollow cylinder with end caps, which consists, for example, of aluminum.
- the metallic housing can then have, for example, at least one longitudinal slot which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arrester body and acts as a slot antenna for receiving and emitting the signals which are exchanged between the interrogation device and the surface wave sensor.
- two connecting lines of the surface wave sensor arranged in the interior of the metallic housing are conductively connected to this housing.
- the metallic housing or a part thereof can also be designed as a stripline antenna (patch antenna), which consists of two conductive layers with a dielectric layer arranged between them.
- Such slot antennas and stripline antennas or so-called micro-strip antennas are known, for example, from Meinke, Grundlach: “Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik", 5th edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, and from the specialist article "Input Ir ⁇ pedance and Radiation Pattern of Cylindrical-Rectangular and Wraparound Microstrip Antennas ", IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Vol. 38, No. 5, May 1990.
- the housing carries the leakage current in the event of leakage.
- the current carrying capacity of the metallic housing must be designed so that the leakage current can be carried by it without the housing or the surface wave sensor being damaged by overheating.
- the housing can be glued to the directly adjacent diverter elements or contacted by spring pressure.
- the invention can also be advantageously designed in that the housing is cylindrical and is fitted into the outer contour of the arrester block.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the surface wave sensor is attached to an inner wall of the housing, which is directly adjacent to a diverting element.
- the surface wave sensor adopts the temperature of the adjacent diverter element without major delays, so that the temperature displayed reliably represents the current diverter temperature.
- the surface wave sensor in the gas space of the surge arrester outside the arrester block in order to monitor the temperature of the surge arrester or another measured variable, such as the gas density or gas moisture of a filling gas.
- the surface wave sensor with the antenna is dielectrically favorable, i. H. is fitted without major field distortions of the electrical field.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a surge arrester
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the structure of an arrester block with a metallic housing inserted into it
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of the metallic housing with the surface wave sensor
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a housing with a micro-strip antenna
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a housing with a housing wall built up in layers
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a housing with an intermediate wall designed as a slot antenna.
- a surge arrester 1 for high voltage is placed on a foundation 2. It consists, among other things, of an encapsulation housing 3, which gas-tightly encloses an arrester block 4, and end fittings 5, 6, which close off the encapsulation housing 3 at both ends, and field control elements 7, 8.
- the arrester block 4 consists of cylindrical arrester elements 15, 16, 17 , 18 in the form of non-linear resistors, for example zinc oxide resistors, which are pressed together axially by means of spring pressure or conductively glued or held together by other means.
- the high-voltage connection is arranged on the armature 5, while the earth connection is connected to the armature 6.
- 3 elements 11, 12, 13 are shown in black, each of which represents a housing 18 of a surface wave sensor 19.
- an interrogation unit 9 is shown, which emits high-frequency electromagnetic waves via an antenna, the wave fronts being symbolically designated by 10. These waves are picked up by the antennas of the surface wave sensors in the housings 11, 12, 13 and, after passing through the respective surface wave sensor and a change in the respective signal, for example the temperature, corresponding to the measured value measured in each case, are radiated back to the interrogation unit 9.
- the local measured value, in particular the temperature value, recorded by the individual surface wave sensors is determined and stored from the returned signals.
- the values can be forwarded to a control room by means of a measuring line 14.
- the temperature of the arrester block can be speaking positions can be determined individually. If the arrester's quiescent current increases due to aging, the arrester gradually heats up and can be registered accordingly. If this warming takes place locally unevenly, this indicates a premature aging of certain discharge elements.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a part of the arrester block 4 with diverting elements 15, 16, 17, 18.
- a housing 18 of a surface wave sensor 19 is arranged between the diverting elements 16, 17.
- a longitudinal slot 20 is arranged in the housing 18, the longitudinal direction of which runs parallel to the axis of the arrester block 4. This slot 20 acts as an antenna for receiving and reflecting the interrogation signals from the interrogation unit 9.
- the housing 18 is made of aluminum or steel, for example, and is so thick-walled that it forwards the leakage current from the discharge element 16 to the discharge element 17 without being thermally overloaded.
- the surface wave sensor 19 is conductively connected to two different points of the housing 18 by means of its connecting lines.
- a “wraparound patch” or a stripline antenna of any shape can also be provided, as shown in FIG. 4, to apply a “wraparound patch” or a stripline antenna of any shape to the housing 18 or to integrate into the outer wall of the housing 18, which is then conductively connected to the surface wave sensor 19 and is used for radiation or reception of the signals.
- the cylindrical wall of the housing 18, as shown in FIG. 5, can at least partially be formed as a body consisting of two conductive layers with a dielectric arranged between them, so that this arrangement can also be used as an antenna.
- the inner layer 23 is then made of solid metal and carries the leakage current.
- a dielectric 24, for example PTFE, is applied to this layer and is covered on the outside by a conductive layer 25.
- the conductive layer is conductively connected to the solid metallic layer only at one end 26 of the housing.
- FIG. 6 shows that an intermediate wall 27 of the housing can also be formed as an integral part thereof in the form of an antenna, for example a slot antenna.
- the housing can also be designed as a cage made of electrically conductive rods running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arrester block.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/462,151 US6433989B1 (en) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Overvoltage protector for high or medium voltage |
DE59806875T DE59806875D1 (de) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Überspannungsableiter für hoch- oder mittelspannung |
JP50612399A JP3485578B2 (ja) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | 高圧或いは中高圧用避雷器 |
BR9810367-9A BR9810367A (pt) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Condutor de sobretensão para tensão alta ou média |
EP98941275A EP0996956B1 (de) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Überspannungsableiter für hoch- oder mittelspannung |
AT98941275T ATE230894T1 (de) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Überspannungsableiter für hoch- oder mittelspannung |
AU89726/98A AU744855B2 (en) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Overvoltage protector for high or medium voltage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19728961.4 | 1997-06-30 | ||
DE19728961A DE19728961A1 (de) | 1997-06-30 | 1997-06-30 | Überspannungsableiter für Hoch- oder Mittelspannung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999001877A1 true WO1999001877A1 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
Family
ID=7834897
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1998/001858 WO1999001877A1 (de) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Überspannungsableiter für hoch- oder mittelspannung |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6433989B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0996956B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3485578B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1129145C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE230894T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU744855B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9810367A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19728961A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2195731C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999001877A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29806355U1 (de) * | 1998-03-31 | 1998-06-10 | Siemens Ag | Hochspannungsgerät, insbesondere Überspannungsableiter |
WO2001037215A1 (de) * | 1999-11-18 | 2001-05-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Mobiler datenträger mit einem transponder aus einem oberflächenwellenbauelement mit schlitzantenne |
DE10000617A1 (de) * | 2000-01-10 | 2001-07-12 | Abb Hochspannungstechnik Ag | Ueberspannungsableiter |
DE10063697B4 (de) | 2000-12-20 | 2006-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Position eines Elements in einem Fahrzeug, insbesondere für Insassenschutzsysteme |
DE102006053986A1 (de) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Siemens Ag | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102010050684B4 (de) * | 2010-11-06 | 2015-01-22 | Reinhausen Power Composites Gmbh | Hochspannungsisolator |
CN102033184B (zh) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-03-27 | 辽宁省电力有限公司 | 避雷器电压分布无线测量系统 |
DE102012210331B4 (de) | 2012-06-19 | 2014-02-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Überspannungsableiter für hohe Spannungen |
DE102014114255B4 (de) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-05-30 | Fibro Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur serienmäßigen Bearbeitung und/oder Herstellung eines Werkstückes |
WO2016145015A1 (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-15 | Hubbell Incorporated | Temperature monitoring of high voltage distribution system components |
DE102017200125B3 (de) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-03-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung und Verfahren für eine Zustandsüberwachung eines Überspannungsableiters |
DE102019108358A1 (de) * | 2019-03-30 | 2020-10-01 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Signalen aus einem zumindest teilweise metallischen Gehäuse |
WO2020240694A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 劣化判定装置 |
DE102019208520A1 (de) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Überwachungsanordnung für ein elektrisches Betriebsmittel und Überwachungssystem |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4249418A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1981-02-10 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Temperature detector using a surface acoustic wave device |
JPH02290571A (ja) * | 1989-02-07 | 1990-11-30 | Meidensha Corp | 避雷器の劣化検出方法 |
EP0716489A2 (de) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metallgekapselte Hochspannungsschaltanlage |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4495459A (en) * | 1982-09-20 | 1985-01-22 | General Electric Company | Surge arrester discharge counting apparatus |
NO167618C (no) | 1989-03-20 | 1991-11-20 | Alcatel Stk As | Overspenningsavleder for elektriske apparater. |
FR2685532B1 (fr) * | 1991-12-20 | 1994-12-30 | Soule Sa | Parafoudre a proprietes mecaniques perfectionnees. |
DE4200076A1 (de) * | 1992-01-03 | 1993-08-05 | Siemens Ag | Passiver oberflaechenwellen-sensor, der drahtlos abfragbar ist |
-
1997
- 1997-06-30 DE DE19728961A patent/DE19728961A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-06-30 WO PCT/DE1998/001858 patent/WO1999001877A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-06-30 EP EP98941275A patent/EP0996956B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-30 BR BR9810367-9A patent/BR9810367A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-30 RU RU2000102352/09A patent/RU2195731C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-30 CN CN98806739A patent/CN1129145C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-30 JP JP50612399A patent/JP3485578B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-30 DE DE59806875T patent/DE59806875D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-30 US US09/462,151 patent/US6433989B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-30 AU AU89726/98A patent/AU744855B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-30 AT AT98941275T patent/ATE230894T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4249418A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1981-02-10 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Temperature detector using a surface acoustic wave device |
JPH02290571A (ja) * | 1989-02-07 | 1990-11-30 | Meidensha Corp | 避雷器の劣化検出方法 |
EP0716489A2 (de) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metallgekapselte Hochspannungsschaltanlage |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
HABASHY T M ET AL: "INPUT IMPEDANCE AND RADIATION PATTERN OF CYLINDRICAL-RECTANGULAR AND WRAPAROUND MICROSTRIP ANTENNAS", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 38, no. 5, 1 May 1990 (1990-05-01), pages 722 - 731, XP000135619 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 067 (P - 1167) 18 February 1991 (1991-02-18) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19728961A1 (de) | 1999-02-04 |
RU2195731C2 (ru) | 2002-12-27 |
EP0996956B1 (de) | 2003-01-08 |
ATE230894T1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
AU744855B2 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
US6433989B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
CN1129145C (zh) | 2003-11-26 |
CN1261980A (zh) | 2000-08-02 |
EP0996956A1 (de) | 2000-05-03 |
JP3485578B2 (ja) | 2004-01-13 |
BR9810367A (pt) | 2000-08-29 |
AU8972698A (en) | 1999-01-25 |
JP2000511362A (ja) | 2000-08-29 |
DE59806875D1 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
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