WO1999000275A1 - Generateur de gaz a excitation electrique et sortie modulable - Google Patents

Generateur de gaz a excitation electrique et sortie modulable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999000275A1
WO1999000275A1 PCT/US1998/012469 US9812469W WO9900275A1 WO 1999000275 A1 WO1999000275 A1 WO 1999000275A1 US 9812469 W US9812469 W US 9812469W WO 9900275 A1 WO9900275 A1 WO 9900275A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas generator
propellant
chamber
charge
initiator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/012469
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James R. Sides
Stephen C. Gold
Robert E. Black, Iii.
Brian K. Wheatley
David B. Johns
Original Assignee
Atlantic Research Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlantic Research Corporation filed Critical Atlantic Research Corporation
Publication of WO1999000275A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999000275A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/264—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic
    • B60R21/2644—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
    • B60R22/4628—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/12—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product having contiguous layers or zones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to gas generating devices for tightening seat belt tensioners used in vehicles and, more particularly, to pyrotechnic gas generators utilizing a shaped charge to deliver a known tailorable output with predictable performance.
  • Gas generating devices are used in automotive safety systems to provide propellant gases for different purposes such as in motor vehicle seat belt restraint systems, particularly in a pretensioner of known construction which may be provided for each particular seat belt assembly.
  • a pretensioner removes slack in the seat belt assembly upon sensing a predetermined condition such as a certain magnitude of vehicular deceleration occurring immediately prior to an accident or unanticipated event.
  • the propellant gases provided by the gas generator are used to advance a piston assembly in the pretensioner which is interconnected with the seat belt to remove existing slack.
  • the propellant gases of the gas generator may be used to mechanically translate other types of mechanisms to remove slack.
  • Gas generating devices are usually either electrically or mechanically activated.
  • a sensor sends an electrical signal to the gas generator to initiate combustion of the propellant contained therein.
  • the sensor is typically remotely located such that the signal is sent along one or more lead wires which are interconnected with a pyrotechnic device within the ignition assembly of the gas generator.
  • electrically activated gas generators of which we are aware are typically formed with, for example, a pin style initiator containing a primer charge placed over a bridge wire connected to the pins.
  • This well known type of initiator is disposed at one end of a director can containing a larger output charge.
  • the aforementioned sensor is used to send current to the pins which heats the bridge wire to ignite the primary charge in the initiator.
  • the primary charge in turn ignites the output charge which ruptures the remote end of the director can.
  • the resulting pressurized gas is then directed to act against, for example, a piston in the tensioner device.
  • the aforementioned gas generators characteristically experience certain difficulties that affect reliability in performance and can result in high manufacturing costs.
  • the output charge is typically in a powder or granulated form that is contained within a single chamber of the director can.
  • the output charge powder is blown out of the can where it burns into the belt tensioner assembly. This potentially affects safe and reliable use of the tensioner assembly.
  • the pressure envelope generated by the output charge blown outside of the director can now has unknown performance characteristics which may result in either malfunction or inadequate tensioning of the tensioner assembly.
  • Yet another object is to use relatively few components with minimal use of seals in the manufacture of such a device.
  • a device according to the present inventions can be manufactured which utilizes a powder or granulation as the output charge, these materials are often sensitive to the environment and must be effectively sealed to avoid degradation which contributes to increased manufacturing costs.
  • a powder is a loose granulated material, there is always a possibility that some of it may escape from the device and burn within the tensioner assembly, notwithstanding efforts to prevent this occurrence.
  • a further object is to make use of shaped charged materials that reliably burn within the gear generating device to ensure reproducible and reliable performance characteristics. Disclosure of the Invention
  • the present invention relates to an electrically activated gas generator such as for use in a belt tensioner assembly of a vehicle, or an inflator.
  • the gas generator comprises an initiator containing a propellant charge and a firing mechanism which can be actuated to ignite the charge.
  • An output housing is connected to the initiator at one end thereof and has a substantially closed opposite end which defines a hollow chamber with the initiator.
  • a propellant grain or gas generant in the form of an extrudable, cast, or injection molded type propellant is disposed in the hollow chamber.
  • An intrinsic characteristic of the propellant grain according to the invention is that propellant burning is advantageously confined to the chamber with only the released pressurized combustion gases exiting the chamber to actuate the belt tensioner assembly.
  • the propellant grain is also effective for ensuring cost effective manufacture of the gas generator having consistent performance characteristics.
  • the initiator includes a nose end disposed at one end of the chamber and through which the ignition charge burns into the chamber to ignite the propellant grain.
  • the propellant grain is disposed adjacent the nose.
  • the propellant grain is prevented from breaking up within the chamber by means of a support disposed adjacent the propellant grain and extending longitudinally between opposite ends of the chamber.
  • the propellant grain is preferably in the form of a thin strip rolled into a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical roll is inserted into the chamber such that a longitudinal axis of the rolled strip is coincident with the longitudinal axis of the chamber.
  • the support may be a thin and flexible apertured member superimposed onto the thin strip and rolled therewith so as to have coincident longitudinal axes. In this manner, the thin strip propellant grain and support form a series of alternately disposed radially spaced sections of a spiral to promote even burning.
  • the support may be formed from a porous, such as a screen, material to ensure complete ignition of substantially the entire propellant grain during combustion.
  • the cylinder formed by the rolled charge and support has an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the preferably cylindrical nose and is disposed, at a rear end thereof, to surround the nose in radially outward adjacent relationship.
  • the rolled charge and support extend forwardly of the nose to the opposite end of the chamber.
  • the housing may be of shorter extent by a distance equal to the nose length.
  • substantially the entire rolled charge/support is disposed forwardly of the nose with the rear end of the charge abutting against the front face of the nose. It is believed that placement of the entire rolled charge in the aforesaid manner will ensure proper ignition of the entire rolled charge/support .
  • the propellant grain is preferably made from a propellant having a gas generating composition consisting essentially of an oxidizer component and a hydroxyl- terminated polybutadiene binder component .
  • the propellant grain may also be made from a propellant composite formed with ester-plasticized, plastisol-grade polyvinyl chloride (PVC) binders. These materials maybe easily processed into desired strip dimensions using extrusion or injection method.
  • a block of the material may be sliced into desired dimension.
  • the front end of the housing is preferably formed with at least one orifice through which the pressurized gas from the shaped propellant is vented.
  • the orifice (s) may extend in the axial or radial direction.
  • a seal preferably covers orifice (s) to isolate the charge from the external environment and/or to retain a predetermined level of pressure in the chamber before the seal is ruptured during actuation.
  • the initiator is preferably contained within an initiator housing connected to the output housing of the gas generator.
  • both the initiator and output housing have the same diameter.
  • the initiator housing includes a forwardly extending skirt swaged over the initiator to retain the same in the generator.
  • this skirt is formed as a separate member from the initiator housing. This enables both the initiator housing and skirt to be economically formed from stamped members, as opposed to machined members .
  • a gas generator utilizes propellants made from powdered material in which the chamber is divided into two chambers. The first chamber is formed around the initiator nose and the powder therein is initially ignited by the initiator which in turn ignites a second charge of powder loaded in a second chamber forwardly of the first chamber. It is theorized that this dual chamber arrangement enhances the efficiency of a powder charge by enabling the charge to completely burn within the generator without escaping as burning material into the tensioner assembly.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section view of a first preferred embodiment of a gas generator in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section view of a second preferred embodiment of the generator
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the Fig. 2 embodiment disposed within a test block fixture
  • Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section view of the first embodiment of Fig. 1 disposed in the test fixture;
  • Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment of Fig. 3 disposed within the test fixture;
  • Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section view of a modification to the first embodiment of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 8 is a longitudinally section view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an alternative embodiment of the output propellant charge.
  • the pretensioner generally includes a piston which is appropriately interconnected with the seat belt restraint system.
  • the gas generator 10 advances the piston in a desired direction to transmit the necessary retractive forces to the seat belt restraint system to remove any existing slack therein.
  • a sensor/firing pin assembly is provided for sensing a condition in which activation of the pretensioner would be desirable and thereafter transmitting an appropriate signal to the gas generator. More particularly, the piston is slidably received within a cylinder and interconnected with the seat belt restraint system by an appropriate connector.
  • the end of- the cylinder in which the piston is located may be received within a pretensioner housing that includes a gas chamber positioned adjacent the piston.
  • the pretensioner housing also receives the gas generator 10 which communicates with the gas chamber.
  • An exemplary system is depicted in Fig. 1 of U.S. Patent 5,485,790, the relevant disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
  • gas generator 10 includes an appropriately shaped output housing 12 (i.e. preferably cylindrical) which is open at a rear end 14 thereof to receive an initiator 16 which is disposed within an initiator housing 18.
  • the pin style initiator 16 contains a primer charge placed over a bridge wire (not shown) connected to electrical pins 20 which are in turn connected to the firing pin/sensor assembly.
  • the aforementioned sensor is used to send current to the electrical pins 20 which heats the bridge wire to ignite the primer charge within the initiator.
  • the primer charge in turn ignites the output charge 22 which is located at the front or nose end 24 of the initiator 16. This output charge 22 rapidly ignites and the resulting pressurized gas is vented into the gas chamber to actuate the tensioning piston.
  • the output propellant charge 22 is formed as a propellant grain in the form of an extrudable injection molded, cast, or cast/cut type propellant that is preferably a thin rectangular strip 23 having predetermined constant length, width and thickness dimensions.
  • a porous support material 26 or other suitable apertured material of similar dimensions is disposed (e.g., bonded, co-extruded, co-injection molded) on the strip 23.
  • the 'sandwich' 23, 26 is rolled into a cylindrical or spiral form in which the thin strip charge 23 and porous support material 26 form a series of alternately disposed, radially spaced sections of a spiral. As can be best seen in Fig.
  • the rolled charge 22 is disposed between the initiator nose 24 and the substantially closed end 28 of the chamber 30 formed therebetween such that the longitudinal axis L of the charge is coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the initiator assembly 16.
  • the rear end face 32 of the rolled charge 22 rests against the front of the nose 24 so that the charge is disposed substantially entirely forwardly of the nose.
  • This rolled configuration and placement of the charge 22 is believed to positively locate all the surfaces of the charge in a predetermined position to ensure an even burn within a predetermined pressure envelope.
  • the resulting gas is directed out through one or more orifices 34 formed at the front axial end 28 of the output housing 12.
  • these orifices 34 extend axially to direct the gases out through the axial end 28 of the can.
  • the orifices 34 may be located in the housing sidewall 36 adjacent the front end 28 so as to extend radially.
  • a seal material 38 such as an adhesively backed aluminum tape, may be located to cover the orifice openings 34.
  • the seal material 38 isolates the rolled charge 22 from the external environment and may also be configured to allow a predetermined pressure (e.g. 50-200 psi) to build up within the chamber 30 during ignition which may be necessary in certain applications and in certain types of propellants.
  • the propellant is preferably made from a propellant composition formed with ester-plasticized, plastisol- grade polyvinyl chloride (PVC) binders, or a composition consisting essentially of an oxidizer component and a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene binder component.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • An acceptable propellant composition is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent 4,981,534, assigned to Atlantic Research Corporation, Alexandria, Virginia, the Assignee of the present invention.
  • the disclosure of the '534 patent is incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.
  • the propellant material disclosed in the '534 patent is sold under the trade name, "ARCITE 497L" '" .
  • Another acceptable propellant material composition is disclosed in United States pending patent application entitled “QUICK CURE HYDROXYL-TERMINATED BINDER SYSTEM FOR GAS GENERATING COMPOSITIONS", to Robert S. Scheffee et al., Serial No. 08/538,487 filed October 3, 1995, the disclosure thereof being incorporated by reference herein in its entirety as well.
  • the '487 application is also assigned to Atlantic Research Corporation, the Assignee of the present invention.
  • Another acceptable propellant composition is disclosed in United States pending patent application entitled “EXTRUDABLE GAS-GENERATING COMPOSITIONS", to Brian K. heatley et al . , Serial No. 08/538,325, filed October 3, 1995, the disclosure thereof being incorporated by reference herein in its entirety as well.
  • the '325 application is also assigned to Atlantic Research Corporation, the Assignee of the present invention.
  • the propellant is also preferably made from a propellant composition formed with extrudable or injection moldable thermoplastic or plastisol type propellants, or castable propellants based on carboxyl or hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene binders as typified by the further example in Table 1 below:
  • the propellant formulation with its plastisol PVC binder has properties that make it particularly suitable for use in the present invention.
  • the formulation When mixed at ambient temperature, the formulation yields a moderate viscosity fluid with an essentially infinite potlife.
  • the plastisol PVC and plasticizer combination showed negligible reactivity at ambient temperature.
  • the curing of the propellant may be accomplished by elevating the temperature of the propellant mixture to effect solvation of the PVC by the plasticizer, a process that occurs rapidly at about 300°F. This permits extrusion processing of the grain propellant onto the porous support material.
  • the feature of utilizing a castable or extrudable propellant material for use in a gas generator 10 as disclosed herein advantageously assures that, unlike unpredictable powder charges, predetermined surface configurations of the charge can be appropriately positioned in a fixed known manner, relative to the initiator 16, to ensure that the propellant grain 22 completely burns within the housing chamber 30. This in turn advantageously prevents the charge material 22 from escaping and undesirably burning within the belt tensioner assembly (or in other products such as air bag inflators) . More importantly, this propellant grain configuration assures that the propellant will burn in a known manner to operate within a predefined pressure envelope necessary to ensure appropriate slack removal and tensioning of a seat belt. Can generator 10 may also be used in conjunction with other types of inflators (e.g. air bag inflators) .
  • inflators e.g. air bag inflators
  • the output propellant charge 22 is preferably made from a rectangular strip of aforementioned propellant material having nominal dimensions of 0.5 inches in width, 4 inches in length, and 0.020 inch thick (a range of 0.005 - 0.040 inch is acceptable) .
  • the propellant strip may have other rectangular or other dimensions depending on the surface area of the propellant necessary to obtain a predetermined type of pressure distribution.
  • the Fig. 2 embodiment 100 is substantially the same as the Fig. 1 embodiment 10 with the exception that the rolled propellant 122 is formed with a central through bore 124 having an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the initiator nose 24. This enables the rolled propellant 122 to be slid rearwardly over the nose 24 such that rear portions of the rolled charge are located in radially outwardly spaced adjacent relationship to the nose with the remainder of the charge extending forwardly therefrom within the chamber 130.
  • the gas generator 100 may be shorter than the Fig. 1 embodiment by a distance equal to the nose length. Subject to testing, it is theorized that placement of the rolled charge 122 in the aforementioned manner will also ensure that full surfaces of the charge will evenly burn.
  • the cylindrical output housing 12 is welded to the initiator housing 18 as at 100.
  • Housings 12, 18 preferably have the same diameter resulting in a single diameter generator. This single diameter geometry enables the housings 12, 18 to be welded together, thereby eliminating the need for an additional seal as occurs in a two diameter housing such as depicted in Fig. 3.
  • the Fig. 3 embodiment 200 is otherwise the same as the Fig. 2 embodiment, excepting the two diameter configuration that is currently industry typical.
  • Figs. 4-6 are illustrations of the three embodiments of the invention disposed within a test assembly block 300.
  • the block 300 is formed with a test chamber 310 having a predetermined volume (e.g., 10 cc's) corresponding to the cylinder volume into which the gas generator 10, 100, 200 vents during actual use.
  • a test port 320 disposed at the opposite end of the chamber 310 is used to measure the pressure distribution of the gas over a predetermined time interval.
  • the test assembly block 300 includes a stepped portion 330 (see Figs. 4 and 6) adapted to receive the enlarged diameter annular portion 340 of the two diameter housing of Fig. 3 to ensure proper placement of the generator 200 within the test facility.
  • a spacer ring 350 is used to retain the front end of the housing 112 or 220 in proper location relative to test chamber 310 but is unnecessary when testing the Fig. 1 embodiment (see Fig. 5) .
  • the test block assembly 300 can be used to test both single diameter generators 10, 100 as well as the two diameter housing 200 in conformance with all embodiments of the present invention.
  • the initiator housing 18 of known construction is formed with a forwardly projecting cylindrical skirt 19 that is swaged around the initiator 16 to secure the components together.
  • this geometry requires that the initiator housing 18 be machined, a relatively expensive process.
  • the initiator housing 400 may be formed without the cylindrical skirt 19. Instead, the skirt 19 may be replaced with a cylindrical retaining ring 410 having a radially outwardly projecting annular shoulder 412 formed at a rear end thereof and a forwardly projecting cylindrical skirt 414 that may be swaged around the initiator 16 in the manner of Fig. 1.
  • the shoulder 412 is welded or otherwise secured to the initiator housing 400 and output housing 12. This geometry enables the initiator housing 400 and retainer ring 410 to be formed as stamped members in a less expensive manufacturing process than would otherwise occur with machining.
  • Fig. 8 is an illustration of yet a further embodiment 500 of the present invention in which the closed chamber of the output housing 504 is divided into two chambers 506 and 508 by means of a director can 510 disposed within the output housing. More specifically, the director can 510 is formed with a radially outwardly tapered rear open end 512 that is disposed against the initiator housing 18 in overlapping contact with the swaged skirt 19 at the front end thereof. The forward end of the director can 510 is closed to define the first chamber 506 around the initiator nose 24 and the second chamber 508 between the director can and output housing 504. Both the first and second chambers 506, 508 in this embodiment are filled with a powdered propellant, such materials being well known and conventional in the prior art.
  • a powdered propellant such materials being well known and conventional in the prior art.
  • the amount of primary charge located in the first 506 chamber between the initiator 16 and director can 510 will vary depending on the system requirements .
  • the device 500 operates by electrical signals supplied to the initiator 16 through the pins 20 in the aforesaid manner.
  • the initiator 16 in turn ignites the primary charge within the first chamber 506.
  • the director can closed end 520 ruptures to ignite the output charge in the second chamber 508.
  • the total device output is then vented from the output housing 504 either by rupturing the output can or through orifices (e.g. radial orifice 530) in the aforesaid manner.
  • Fig. 8 embodiment of the invention relies upon powdered materials for the propellant charge, care must be taken to avoid the problems of the prior art noted with powdered systems as explained hereinabove .
  • the feature of loading the propellant charge into first and second chambers 506, 508 is believed to result in an ignition process that will prevent the powder from exiting the device 500 and undesirably burning within the belt tensioner assembly.
  • the dual chamber system of Fig. 8 is believed to provide for repeatable performance .
  • swage seals 550 are respectively disposed between the initiator 16 and director can 510, initiator housing skirt 19 and output housing 504, the initiator 18 housing and output housing to seal the chambers 506, 508 from the external environment.
  • the embodiment of- Fig. 8 does have more seals than the Figs. 1-3 and 7 embodiments described hereinabove .
  • Fig. 9 is an illustration of an alternative embodiment of a gas generant 600 wherein a plurality of alternately arranged strips of propellant 602 and support screen material 604 are arranged to form a hollow cylinder that may be positioned within the hollow chamber in the location, for example, occupied by the gas generant 22 or 122 in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, or in the remaining figure illustrations .
  • Each of the propellant strips and each of the support screen members are preferably of uniform thickness to ensure proper ignition.
  • the propellant grain with alternating laminate strips of gas generant and porous support material in a layered configuration (e.g., a spiral roll or stacked strips oriented axially to the gas flow) . Both sets of strips preferably have uniform dimensions to avoid flashing.
  • the porous support material may be reactive or non- reactive with the propellant.
  • the porous support material is non-reactive, but may react with the combustion products of the gas generant so long as the overall ballistic performance of the gas generator is as intended.

Abstract

Générateur de gaz (10) généralement cylindrique fixé dans un boîtier d'unité de commande de tension de ceinture de sécurité. Ce générateur de gaz incorpore un dispositif d'allumage (16) excité électriquement et introduit dans l'extrémité ouverte d'un boîtier de sortie (12) fermé à son extrémité avant. Une chambre fermée définie entre le dispositif d'allumage et l'extrémité avant du boîtier contient un propulseur pyrotechnique (22) sous forme de blocs de poudre de matériau propulseur pouvant être extrudé ou moulé. Dans le mode de réalisation préféré, la charge est constituée par une bande mince (23) sur laquelle un matériau de support poreux (26) est posé et enroulé en forme cylindrique présentant une série de sections de spirale alternées et éloignées les unes des autres dans un sens radial. Ce support poreux assure la combustion de la totalité des surfaces des blocs de poudre lors de l'allumage par le dispositif d'allumage, ce qui permet d'obtenir un fonctionnement fiable et modulable du générateur de gaz.
PCT/US1998/012469 1997-06-27 1998-06-19 Generateur de gaz a excitation electrique et sortie modulable WO1999000275A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88465797A 1997-06-27 1997-06-27
US08/884,657 1997-06-27

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001026938A1 (fr) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-19 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Generateur de gaz
EP1216898A1 (fr) * 1999-08-23 2002-06-26 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Generateur de gaz permettant d'actionner un dispositif de contrainte de passager
FR2878210A1 (fr) * 2004-11-25 2006-05-26 Livbag Soc Par Actions Simplif Dispositif de securite pour vehicule automobile a micro-generateur de gaz
WO2014079587A1 (fr) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 Trw Automotive Gmbh Prétensionneur de ceinture pour système de retenue des occupants d'un véhicule
WO2015135481A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Feng Zhide David Prétendeur de ceinture de sécurité
CN113661097A (zh) * 2019-01-18 2021-11-16 日本化药株式会社 气体发生器

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EP1216898A1 (fr) * 1999-08-23 2002-06-26 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Generateur de gaz permettant d'actionner un dispositif de contrainte de passager
EP1216898A4 (fr) * 1999-08-23 2004-12-08 Nippon Kayaku Kk Generateur de gaz permettant d'actionner un dispositif de contrainte de passager
WO2001026938A1 (fr) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-19 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Generateur de gaz
US6823796B1 (en) 1999-10-14 2004-11-30 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Gas generator
CZ299491B6 (cs) * 1999-10-14 2008-08-13 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Vyvíjec plynu
FR2878210A1 (fr) * 2004-11-25 2006-05-26 Livbag Soc Par Actions Simplif Dispositif de securite pour vehicule automobile a micro-generateur de gaz
WO2006056517A1 (fr) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Autoliv Development Ab Dispositif de securite de vehicule automobile comportant un micro-generateur de gaz
CN104812633A (zh) * 2012-11-26 2015-07-29 Trw汽车股份有限公司 用于车辆乘客-安全带拉回系统的安全带张紧器
WO2014079587A1 (fr) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 Trw Automotive Gmbh Prétensionneur de ceinture pour système de retenue des occupants d'un véhicule
US9751496B2 (en) 2012-11-26 2017-09-05 Trw Automotive Gmbh Seat belt tensioner for a vehicle passenger restraint system
CN104812633B (zh) * 2012-11-26 2018-12-18 Trw汽车股份有限公司 用于车辆乘客-安全带拉回系统的安全带张紧器
DE102012023031B4 (de) 2012-11-26 2023-02-23 Zf Automotive Germany Gmbh Gurtstraffer für ein Fahrzeuginsassen-Rückhaltesystem
WO2015135481A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Feng Zhide David Prétendeur de ceinture de sécurité
CN107428311A (zh) * 2014-03-11 2017-12-01 智得·戴维·冯 安全带预紧器
US10315618B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2019-06-11 Zhide David FENG Belt pretensioner
CN113661097A (zh) * 2019-01-18 2021-11-16 日本化药株式会社 气体发生器

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