WO1998053262A1 - Construction monolithique realisee a l'aide de blocs d'arret d'extremite prefabriques - Google Patents

Construction monolithique realisee a l'aide de blocs d'arret d'extremite prefabriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998053262A1
WO1998053262A1 PCT/GB1998/001446 GB9801446W WO9853262A1 WO 1998053262 A1 WO1998053262 A1 WO 1998053262A1 GB 9801446 W GB9801446 W GB 9801446W WO 9853262 A1 WO9853262 A1 WO 9853262A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stopend
block
blocks
guide means
precast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/001446
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Graeme Stirling Corbet
Michael Rawson
Original Assignee
Cobb Refractories Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9710423.6A external-priority patent/GB9710423D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9716169.9A external-priority patent/GB9716169D0/en
Application filed by Cobb Refractories Ltd filed Critical Cobb Refractories Ltd
Priority to GB9927085A priority Critical patent/GB2340920B/en
Priority to AU74440/98A priority patent/AU7444098A/en
Publication of WO1998053262A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998053262A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/141—Anchors therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0032—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes integrated with refractories in a panel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to monolithic constructions, particularly refractory monolithics which are used for lining furnaces, and to stopend blocks for use in such constructions .
  • Refractory monolithics shrink in volume following initial curing and drying. Accordingly, it is necessary to install these refractories in panels of defined sizes.
  • the construction joints at the edges of each installed panel allow the shrinkage of the drying concrete to be taken up at these edges such that a random "crazy paving" effect does not result, as would be the case if defined panel sizes and construction joints were not used.
  • the present invention provides a method of constructing a solid monolithic comprising the steps of:
  • cementitious material is used to denote a concrete or other suitable time setting material.
  • the first guide means is typically a temporary member such as a concrete shutter or a liner in the form of timber or steel formwork, and will be removed after the monolithic is set.
  • the second guide means may be a similar temporary structure. Alternatively, it may be a permanent wall, for example a furnace wall to which the monolithic forms a lining.
  • a number of stopend blocks are arranged in parallel between the first and second guide members to form a number of parallel cavities to be filled with cementitious material.
  • the stopend blocks may be fixedly retained via the first guide means.
  • the stopend blocks may be fixedly retained by providing a time setting cementitious material between the stopend blocks and the second guide means.
  • each of the stopend blocks may be fixedly retained by the steps of providing a passage therethrough; locating a screw threaded nut on or in the second guide means; passing a stud which co- operates with the nut through the passage in the stopend block such that a portion of the stud protrudes from the stopend block through a hole in the first guide means; and providing a washer and nut on the protruding portion of the stud such that the stopend block is fixedly retained and provides support for the first guide means.
  • each of the stopend blocks may be fixedly retained by the steps of providing a passage at least partially therethrough; locating a screw threaded ferrule within the passage; and locating a threaded stud with one end on or in the second guide means wherein the stud co-operates with the ferrule to fixedly retain the stopend block.
  • each of the stopend blocks may be fixedly retained by the steps of providing a passage therethrough; locating a screw threaded ferrule within the passage; locating a first threaded stud with one end on or in the second guide means wherein the first stud co-operates with a portion of the ferrule; locating a second threaded stud having one end which co-operates with a portion of the ferrule and another end which protrudes from the stopend block through a hole in the first guide means; and providing a washer and nut on the protruding portion of the stud such that the stopend block is fixedly retained and provides support for the first guide means.
  • the solid monolithic may be a refractory monolithic used for lining furnaces.
  • the monolithic may be used for roofs, floors or walls.
  • the method of constructing a solid monolithic may include the further step of:
  • the furnace wall may be provided with a series of tubes.
  • the refractory monolithic may be designed to co-operate with the tubes in the wall of the furnace.
  • the wall of the furnace may be flat, curved or conical and the refractory monolithic may be designed to co-operate with the wall therein.
  • the present invention provides a precast stopend block for use in the construction of solid monolithics.
  • the solid monolithic may be a refractory monolithic for use in lining walls of f rnaces.
  • the precast stopend block may be adapted to co-operate with the walls of the furnace.
  • the precast stopend block may have tapered edges and may have at least a portion removed for co-operating with the wall of the furnace and with fixing means .
  • the fixing means may comprise a threaded nut which may be fixed on or in the wall of the furnace; a screw threaded stud; a retaining washer; and a threaded retaining nut.
  • The, stopend block may have a passage therethrough for the location of the threaded stud.
  • the threaded stud may have one end located in the nut on the wall, and a second end protruding from a concrete shutter or liner.
  • the concrete shutter or liner may be fixedly retained to the stopend block such that a cavity exists which is defined by two shaped precast stopend blocks disposed spaced apart between the wall and the concrete shutter or liner.
  • the concrete shutter or liner may be fixedly retained by a retaining washer and retaining nut which are temporarily fixed to the second end of the threaded stud protruding from the concrete shutter or liner.
  • the precast stopend block may have a passage at least partially therethrough with a screw threaded ferrule cast into the stopend block.
  • the stopend block may have portions adapted to co-operate with an intermediate liner or concrete shutter and an outer liner or concrete shutter.
  • a threaded stud which may co- operate with the screwed ferrule and which may be fixed on or in the wall of the furnace.
  • the threaded stud may pass through the passage in the stopend block and may be provided with a retaining washer and retaining nut for fixedly retaining the outer liner or concrete shutter to the stopend block.
  • the stopend block may have shaped cutout portions which allow for the shrinkage and expansion of the monolithic during manufacture and use.
  • the stopend blocks and the cutout portions may be tapered or otherwise shaped according to specific requirements of the monolithic.
  • first threaded stud and second threaded stud both of which co-operate with the screw threaded ferrule in the passage in the stopend block.
  • the first threaded stud may fixedly retain the stopend block.
  • the second threaded stud may fixedly retain the outer liner or concrete shutter to the stopend block.
  • the first threaded stud may have one end fixed on or in the wall of the furnace.
  • the second threaded stud may be provided with a retaining washer and retaining nut.
  • the stopend block may taper from back to front; anchoring means may be provided for retaining the time setting cementitious material when hardened.
  • the anchoring means may be anchors provided on or in the wall or concrete shutter or lining.
  • stopend blocks may taper from front to back providing partial or total support for the time setting cementitious material in the primary cavity when hardened.
  • the refractory monolithic may have an insulating concrete layer and a dense refractory layer.
  • the insulating concrete layer may be precast or may be cast insitu.
  • the dense refractory may incorporate precast stopend blocks.
  • the dense refractory may be cast insitu in the voids formed between the intermediate liner or concrete shutter, the outer liner or concrete shutter and the precast stopend blocks.
  • Fig. 1A is a cross-sectional plan view of one embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. IB is a front view of the embodiment of Fig. 1A
  • Fig. 1C is an end view of the embodiment of Fig. 1A
  • Fig. ID is an enlarged plan view of part of Fig. 1A
  • Fig. 2A is a plan view of an embodiment of a stopend block of the invention
  • Fig. 2B is a front view of the stopend block of Fig. 2A
  • Fig. 3A is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3B is a front view of the embodiment of Fig.
  • Fig. 3C is an enlarged plan view of part of Fig. 3A
  • Fig. 4A is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of a stopend block of the invention
  • Fig. 4B is a front view of the stopend block of Fig. 4A
  • Fig. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the invention.
  • a refractory monolithic for use as a furnace lining is generally shown at 1 which has a membrane tubed wall generally shown at 2 that consists of a series of tubes 3 which are inter- connected by a lining membrane 4.
  • a concrete shutter 5 is provided.
  • a series of precast stopend blocks 6 are provided at equidistant spacings in the void between the concrete shutter 5 and the membrane tubed wall 2.
  • the precast stopend blocks 6 are provided with tapered edges 7 and 8 in conjunction with cutout portions 9 and 10 which co-operate with the tubes 3 in the membrane tubed wall 2.
  • the precast stopend blocks 6 bridge the gap between the concrete shutter 5 and the membrane tubed wall 2 and may be secured in position via retaining means generally shown at 11.
  • the precast stopend blocks 6 are secured to the membrane tubed wall 2 utilising a suitable time setting cementitious material 44.
  • the precast stopend blocks 6 can be secured to the membrane tubed wall 2 prior to locating the concrete shutter 5.
  • the precast stopend blocks 6 can be secured in the manner shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 described below. This can include a second retaining stud (not shown) which passes through the hole 18 in the concrete shutter 5 which co-operates with a ferrule such as 36 of Fig. 3.
  • the concrete shutter 5 is then retained via suitable fixing means such as a retaining washer and nut as shown in Fig. ID.
  • the tubes 3 are provided for the passage of heat transfer fluid to transfer heat from the refractory monolithic lining 1.
  • the retaining means 11 includes a locating nut 12, a stud 13, washer 14 and second retaining nut 15.
  • the pre-cast stopend blocks 6 have a hole generally shown at 16 therethrough for the location of the retaining means 11.
  • the retaining nut 12 is fixed to the inner membrane 4 between the tubes 3 and lies within a housing 17 in the precast stopend block 6.
  • the concrete shutter 5 has a hole 18 drilled therethrough for the location of the stud 13 which has screw threaded portions enabling the stud to be fixedly located within the retaining nut 12. Subsequently a washer 14 is passed over the portion of the stud 13 protruding through the concrete shutter 5 via the hole 18 and a further retaining nut 15 is then joined to the stud 13 to fix the precast stopend block 6 in position.
  • the retaining means 11 also fixes the position of the concrete shutter 5 with respect to the membrane tubed wall 2.
  • the voids 19 formed between the concrete shutter 5, the membrane tubed wall 2 and the tapered edges 7 and 8 of the precast stopend blocks 6 are then filled utilising a suitable cementitious material which hardens to form the refractory monolithic 1.
  • the concrete shutter 5, stud 13, retaining washer 14 and retaining nut 15 may be removed following hardening of the cementitious material provided in the voids 19.
  • Retaining anchors 20 are also provided which are fixed to the membrane tubed wall 2. These anchors 20 provide support to the refractory monolithic when the cementitious material in the voids 19 has hardened.
  • the anchors 20 are spaced vertically and horizontally through the structure, as can be seen from Figs. 1A and IB.
  • the precast stopend block 6 of Fig. 2 is of the type used in the construction of a refractory monolithic having membrane tubed walls as in Fig. 1.
  • the stopend block 6 has edges 7 and 8 which are tapered at an angle of 15° from the lateral axis of the stopend block 6.
  • Cutout portions 9 and 10 are provided in conjunction with bevelled portions 21 and 22 such that the precast stopend block 6 may co-operate with the tubes 3 in the wall 2 of the lining of the refractory monolithic 1.
  • the radius of the cutout portions 9 and 10 is determined by the radius of the tubes 3 in the wall 2 of the refractory monolithic 1.
  • the precast stopend blocks 6 lie substantially vertically and are secured between the walls of the refractory monolithic as shown in Fig. 1.
  • a further refractory monolithic is generally shown at 23 which is constructed using compound lining techniques.
  • the refractory monolithic 23 co-operates with the wall/liner 24 and the outer concrete shutter 25.
  • the total cross-sectional thickness of the refractory monolithic 23 is greater than for those having membrane tubed walls as in the embodiment of Fig. 1.
  • the refractory monolithic 23 is made up of two separate layers. These are the insulating concrete 28 and the dense refractory 29.
  • the insulating concrete 28 may be in the form of precast blocks of cementitious or other solid material. Alternatively, it may be cast insitu.
  • the insulating concrete 28 is installed adjacent to the wall/liner 24. In the case of precast blocks, this simply involves positioning the refractory adjacent to the wall/liner 24. In the case of an insitu cast refractory, this is carried out by first installing an intermediate liner 26, prior to pouring a time setting cementitious material into the void formed between the wall/liner 24 and the intermediate liner 26.
  • the intermediate liner 26 is supported by suitable timber or steel formwork or props pending hardening of the time setting material to form the insulating concrete layer 28.
  • Support anchors 27 are provided, and are located with a portion 30 in the insulating concrete 28 and a portion 31 in the dense refractory 29.
  • the anchors 27 are also provided with joints 32 which enable the portion 31 to be located in the portion 30 following installation of the insulating concrete 28 and prior to the casting of the dense refractory 29.
  • the portion 30 of the support anchors 27 are fixedly secured to the wall/liner 24.
  • the refractory monolithic 23 is constructed in a known way, enabling the precast stopend blocks 33 to be secured to the wall/liner 24.
  • Fixing means generally shown at 34 are provided.
  • the fixing means 34 includes a threaded stud 35 and a screw threaded ferrule 36.
  • the ferrule 36 is located in a passage 37 which passes through at least a portion of the stopend block 33 and the insulating concrete 28.
  • the stud 35 is screwed into the ferrule 36 such that a portion of the stud resides within the stopend block 33 and a portion protrudes into the insulating refractory 28.
  • One end of the stud 35 is then fixed to the wall/liner 24.
  • a series of studs 35 are provided at intervals along the stopend blocks 33 as shown particularly in Fig. 3B.
  • the studs 35 are secured to the wall/liner 24 prior to forming the insulating refractory 28. This can be accomplished by constructing the insulating refractory 28 in horizontal layers, in a known fashion.
  • the passage 37 passes through the stopend block 33 and a second retaining stud (not shown) is passed through a hole (not shown) in the concrete shutter/liner 25 and the stud is inserted into the passage to co-operate with the ferrule 36.
  • the concrete shutter/liner 25 is then retained via suitable fixing means such as a retaining washer and nut as shown in Fig. ID.
  • precast stopend blocks 33 can be secured to the wall/liner 24 in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and Fig. 2 and described above.
  • the outer concrete shutter/liner 25 is positioned, being held in place with suitable timber or steel formwork or props, prior to casting the dense refractory 29 in a similar fashion to that of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
  • the precast stopend blocks 33 can be fixedly secured to the outer concrete shutter/liner 25, in a similar way to that also shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1, utilising a retaining washer and retaining nut attached to a portion of the stud protruding through the outer concrete shutter/liner 25.
  • the precast stopend blocks 33 are shown further in Fig. 4.
  • the stopend block 33 has edge faces 38 and 39 which are tapered at 15° from the lateral axis of the stopend block 33.
  • Cutout portions 40 and 41 are provided for the location of the intermediate liner 26 as shown in Fig. 3.
  • Further cutout portions 42 and 43 are provided in order to give improved sealing during hardening of the dense refractory 29 and in use, when the material shrinks or expands.
  • a monolithic generally shown at 45 has applications in the floors, ceilings and walls of, for example, buildings as well as in furnaces.
  • the monolithic 45 has precast stopend blocks 46 which are suspended from, for example, roof supporting I beams 47 by way of fixing means 48 such as those described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4.
  • the monolithic generally shown at 45 is constructed by suspending a plurality of stopend blocks 46 from a series of I beams 47, installing an upper concrete shutter or liner 49, and a lower concrete shutter or liner 50, prior to casting the monolithic using a time setting cementitious material 51.
  • the embodiment shown utilises fixing means such as that shown in Fig. 3, wherein the stopend blocks 46 fixedly retain the upper concrete shutter or liner 49.
  • the lower concrete shutter or liner 50 is supported by suitable timber formwork or props.
  • the invention may also be used in other types of monolithic constructions .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une construction monolithique, par exemple un revêtement de four réfractaire, qu'on fabrique en coulant un matériau monolithique (19) entre des blocs d'arrêt d'extrémité (6) préfabriqués, un coffrage permanent ou provisoire tel qu'une paroi de four (4), et un coffrage amovible (5).
PCT/GB1998/001446 1997-05-22 1998-05-19 Construction monolithique realisee a l'aide de blocs d'arret d'extremite prefabriques WO1998053262A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9927085A GB2340920B (en) 1997-05-22 1998-05-19 Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
AU74440/98A AU7444098A (en) 1997-05-22 1998-05-19 Monolithic construction using precast stopend block

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9710423.6 1997-05-22
GBGB9710423.6A GB9710423D0 (en) 1997-05-22 1997-05-22 Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
GB9716169.9 1997-08-01
GBGB9716169.9A GB9716169D0 (en) 1997-08-01 1997-08-01 Monolithic construction using precast stopend block

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998053262A1 true WO1998053262A1 (fr) 1998-11-26

Family

ID=26311561

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/001446 WO1998053262A1 (fr) 1997-05-22 1998-05-19 Construction monolithique realisee a l'aide de blocs d'arret d'extremite prefabriques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7444098A (fr)
GB (1) GB2340920B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998053262A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3077058A (en) * 1957-12-30 1963-02-12 Universal Oil Prod Co Insulated chamber
BE646081A (fr) * 1963-04-03 1964-08-17
FR2495284A1 (fr) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-04 Mediterranee Const Navales Ind Procede de protection des ecrans a faisceaux tubulaires de chambres de combustion de chaudieres, notamment d'incineration d'ordures menageres
DE8603826U1 (de) * 1986-02-13 1986-05-07 Abicht, Roland, Ing.(grad.), 5828 Ennepetal Feuerfeste Auskleidung für einen Industrieofen
US4763584A (en) * 1987-03-02 1988-08-16 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Means of attaching refractory to a furnace wall
EP0281863A1 (fr) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-14 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société Anonyme dite: Dispositif de protecton d'écrans de chaudières, notamment pour fours d'incinération d'ordures, et procédé de fabricaton de ce dispositif
DE9017334U1 (de) * 1990-12-20 1991-03-07 K + K Ofenbau GmbH, 4040 Neuss Brennkammer-Wandabkleidung
DE4324423C1 (de) * 1993-07-21 1994-04-28 Didier Werke Ag Feuerfeste Auskleidung von Wänden und Formstein hierfür
WO1997009577A1 (fr) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-13 Zampell Advanced Refractory Technologies Inc. Carreau refractaire, dispositif de montage et procede de montage

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9001733U1 (de) * 1990-02-14 1990-05-31 Finke, Lothar Navigationshilfsgerät

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3077058A (en) * 1957-12-30 1963-02-12 Universal Oil Prod Co Insulated chamber
BE646081A (fr) * 1963-04-03 1964-08-17
FR2495284A1 (fr) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-04 Mediterranee Const Navales Ind Procede de protection des ecrans a faisceaux tubulaires de chambres de combustion de chaudieres, notamment d'incineration d'ordures menageres
DE8603826U1 (de) * 1986-02-13 1986-05-07 Abicht, Roland, Ing.(grad.), 5828 Ennepetal Feuerfeste Auskleidung für einen Industrieofen
EP0281863A1 (fr) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-14 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société Anonyme dite: Dispositif de protecton d'écrans de chaudières, notamment pour fours d'incinération d'ordures, et procédé de fabricaton de ce dispositif
US4763584A (en) * 1987-03-02 1988-08-16 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Means of attaching refractory to a furnace wall
DE9017334U1 (de) * 1990-12-20 1991-03-07 K + K Ofenbau GmbH, 4040 Neuss Brennkammer-Wandabkleidung
DE4324423C1 (de) * 1993-07-21 1994-04-28 Didier Werke Ag Feuerfeste Auskleidung von Wänden und Formstein hierfür
WO1997009577A1 (fr) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-13 Zampell Advanced Refractory Technologies Inc. Carreau refractaire, dispositif de montage et procede de montage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2340920A (en) 2000-03-01
GB2340920B (en) 2001-09-05
GB9927085D0 (en) 2000-01-12
AU7444098A (en) 1998-12-11

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