WO1998039450A2 - Oberflächenprotein (spsa-protein) von streptococcus pneumoniae deletierte abkömmlinge, expressionssssystem für diese proteine und vaccine mit den proteinen - Google Patents
Oberflächenprotein (spsa-protein) von streptococcus pneumoniae deletierte abkömmlinge, expressionssssystem für diese proteine und vaccine mit den proteinen Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998039450A2 WO1998039450A2 PCT/EP1998/001149 EP9801149W WO9839450A2 WO 1998039450 A2 WO1998039450 A2 WO 1998039450A2 EP 9801149 W EP9801149 W EP 9801149W WO 9839450 A2 WO9839450 A2 WO 9839450A2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
- C07K14/315—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Streptococcus (G), e.g. Enterococci
- C07K14/3156—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Streptococcus (G), e.g. Enterococci from Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumococcus)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
Definitions
- Streptococcus pneumoniae are gram-positive bacteria that are surrounded by a capsule polysaccharide and were first isolated from a healthy carrier in 1881 (1). Pneumococci are part of the natural flora of the upper human respiratory tract and colonize the nasopharynx in up to 40% of healthy adults, whereby up to four different serotypes have been demonstrated over several months (2). Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common source of infection in the United States and many other parts of the world. The infections, which are mostly endogenous, and deaths occur especially in very young children under the age of 2, in people over 60 and in immunocompromised people
- Pneumococci are also the second most common cause of bacterial meningitis (after Haemophilus influenzae type b)
- otitis media otitis media
- pneumococci caused 500,000 pneumonia, 7 million cases of otitis media and 40,000 deaths in one year (6.7).
- the mortality rate for diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is, despite the antibiotics available, at a consistently high level. For example, mortality from pneumococcal bacteremia in the past four decades has been between 25 and 29% (8).
- the capsular polysaccharide protects the pneumococci from phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's), prevents activation of the alternative pathway of the complement (10,11,12) and is therefore an important virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae (13,14,15).
- PMN's polymorphonuclear leukocytes
- the virulence of the strain with respect to the capsule depends on the chemical composition of the polysaccharide and not on the size of the capsule polysaccharide (16).
- the vaccine currently used contains the unconjugated form of 23 capsule polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- This vaccine contains the serotype polysacccharides, which cause 85-90 percent of bacteremic infections. Since there is no stimulation of the T helper cells by a polysaccharide antigen in children and the elderly (17), the use of this vaccine is restricted to adults only.
- the proteins currently considered as vaccine candidates are autolysin (20), neuraminidase (21), pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) (22), pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) (23) and the pneumolysin (24).
- Pneumolysin is an intracellular protein and belongs to the family of thiol-activated toxins (25). This 53 kDa cytoplasmic protein is released when the pneumococci spontaneously lyse under the influence of autolysin. In high concentrations, oligomers of pneumolysin form on mammalian cells and cause cell lysis by increasing the transmembrane pores. In lower concentrations, pneumolysin stimulates the production of inflammatory cytokines (26), destroys monolayer of the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract (27) in vitro and reduces the bactericidal activity and migration of the neutrophils (28). Pneumolysin also activates the classic complement pathway in the absence of anti-toxin antibodies (29).
- the pneumoccocal surface protein A (PspA) is a surface protein with structural and antigenetic variability between the different pneumococcal strains, the function of which has not yet been elucidated. PspA occurs in most clinical isolates (30) and is also important for the development of full virulence in pneumococci (31,32).
- virulence factors are an IgAl protease (33) whose gene has been cloned and characterized (34, 35), an inhibitor of elastase (36) and peptide permeases that are homologous to permeases from other streptococci that also colonize the nasopharynx.
- IgAl protease 33
- elastase 36
- peptide permeases that are homologous to permeases from other streptococci that also colonize the nasopharynx.
- permeases in which the loss of function results in reduced adherence of the pneumococci to eukaryotic cells
- One embodiment of the invention relates to a surface protein of Streptococcus pneunomiae (SpsA protein), which is characterized in that it binds to secretory IgA (slgA).
- SpsA protein Streptococcus pneunomiae
- Another embodiment of the invention relates to a secretory protein from Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is characterized in that it binds to secretory IgA (slgA).
- the surface protein or secretory protein of Streptococcus pneumonia e according to the invention can be partially digested and characterized in that it is associated with secretory IgA (slgA) binds.
- the invention further relates to a C-terminally deleted derivative of a surface protein or secretory protein according to the invention, which is characterized in that it binds to secretory IgA (slgA).
- the invention further relates to a deleted derivative of a surface protein or secretory protein according to the invention, which is characterized in that
- the secretory IgA (slgA) binding domain is present, so that the descendant binds to secretory IgA (slgA).
- the derivative according to the invention can be characterized in that the surface protein or the secretory protein are deleted except for the secretory IgA (slgA) binding domain.
- the surface protein according to the invention can be characterized by 523 amino acids according to FIG. 2 (positions 1 to 523).
- the invention further relates to an N-terminally deleted derivative of the surface protein, which is characterized in that it (i) in the region of positions 1 to 159 according to FIG. 2 has been deleted by 1 to a maximum of 159 amino acids,
- the invention further relates to an N-terminal and C-terminally deleted derivative of the surface protein according to the invention, which is characterized in that it
- the offspring according to the invention can be characterized in that it is not deleted in the region of positions 174 to 285.
- Another embodiment of the invention relates to a ⁇ ? secretory IgA (slgA) binding protein, which is characterized in that its amino acid sequence is at least 80% identical to that of the surface protein according to the invention or one of its derivatives.
- slgA secretory IgA
- a further embodiment of the invention relates to an expression system, in particular for Escherichia coli, for expressing a surface protein, a secretory protein, a derivative or a protein according to the Invention comprising a DNA sequence encoding the surface protein or the progeny.
- the invention relates to a vaccine for protection against diseases caused by Streptococcus pneunomiae, which can be produced with the aid of a surface protein according to the invention, a secretory protein or a derivative.
- Figure 1 Western blot analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 [serotype 1] (lane 1), NCTC 10319 [serotype 47, R36A] (lane 2), ATCC 11733 [serotype 2, R36A] (lane 3) and ATCC 12213 [serotype 1 , I-192R] (lane 4) with secretory immunoglobulin A.
- a peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgA antibody was used to detect the binding.
- Figure 2 Nucleic acid sequence of the gene spsA and the amino acid sequence of the protein SpsA (Streptococcus pneumoniae secretory IgA binding protein) from Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 serotype 1.
- RBS Ribosomal binding site; Leader: signal sequence of SpsA (amino acid 1-37); mature protein: SpsA after processing; Repeats: 9 repeating sequences of 20 amino acids each.
- FIG. 3 Western blot analysis with slgA after cloning of spsA and sps ⁇ fragments in the expression vector pQE (Pharmacia) and overexpression of the proteins in Escherichia coli M15 [pREP4].
- Lane 1 SpsA (AS1-523; pQSHA12);
- Lane 2 N-terminus of SpsA (AS1-324; pQSHA14);
- Lane 3 truncated N-terminus of SpsA (AS1-159; pSHA3);
- Lane 4 Repeats from SpsA (AS325-523; pQSHA30).
- Figure 4 Southern blot analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 [serotype 1] (lane 1) and Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 11733 [serotype 2, R36A] (lane 2) with a 32 phosphorus- labeled DNA probe from spsA (A), from a 5 '-spsA fragment [ntl-nt476] (B) and pspA (C).
- nt nucleotide.
- the gene coding for the slgA binding protein was detected by screening a LambdaZAP expression bank of Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 (serotype 1) with secretory IgA.
- the selected positive clone, pSHAl has a 5085 bp insert of Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 in the phase id pBK-CMV.
- deletion clones of pSHAl the gene coding for the slgA binding protein could be detected in the subclone pSHA2.
- the subclone pSHA2 showed a binding of the secretory IgA in the Western blot.
- the sequencing and subsequent analysis of the sequence of the 2204 large insert showed an open reading frame from nucleotide 282 to 1853 in pSHA2 (FIG. 2).
- This 1572 bp reading frame codes for a 523 amino acid slgA binding protein from pneumococci of serotype 1.
- the molecular weight of the protein called SpsA is 59151 Da (FIG. 2).
- the comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of spsA with the sequences stored in the EMBL database showed a 78.8% identity to the pspA of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- a 64.1% identity to PspA was demonstrated at the protein level. The identity is primarily limited to the C-terminus of the two proteins.
- the C-terminus of the PspA consists of ten repeats, each 20 amino acids long (41).
- the identity to the C-terminus of SpsA, which consists of nine repeats, is 92.5%.
- the repeats of PspA are involved in attaching the protein to the pneumococcal cell wall. This mechanism requires a choline-mediated interaction between the membrane-associated lipoteichoic acid and the repeat region of PspsA (42). To attach to the cell wall, at least six of the 20 amino acid repeats must be expressed, otherwise the PspA is secreted (42, 43).
- the identity in the N-terminus of the two proteins SpsA and PspA is only 34.5%.
- the signal sequence (leader) of SpsA is 37 amino acids long and shows a 75.7% identity to the signal sequence of the IgA receptor from Streptococcus agala ctiae (45, 46).
- spsA pQSH12
- pQSH14 the N-terminus
- pQSH30 the nucleic acid sequence which codes for the nine repeats of SpsA
- binding domain of SpsA could be restricted to amino acids 160 to 324 by a further subclone of pSHAl, which only expresses amino acids 1 to 159 of the N-terminus of SpsA (pSHA3) and does not bind slgA (FIG. 3).
- SpsA therefore codes for a new surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, whose biological function is the binding of secretory immunoglobulin A in the N-terminus of SpsA.
- the secretory IgA which consists of an IgA-J-IgA-SC (SC: secretory component) complex, is the most important immunoglobulin in the human respiratory and gastrointestinal tract.
- the precursor of the secretory IgA an IgA dimer linked by the 15.6 kDa J chain, is synthesized in B lymphocytes and binds to a poly-immunoglobulin receptor located on the basolateral surface of the epithelial cells. This poly-Ig receptor mediates transcytosis through the cells (47).
- the C-terminal part of the receptor is separated and becomes the secretory component of the (IgA) 2 ⁇ J chain complex. After transport to the apical membrane of the cells, the complex fuses with the membrane and is released as secretory IgA (48).
- the secretory component which is covalently bound to the complex by a disulfide bridge, protects the synthesized slgA in external liquids from denaturation and proteolysis.
- the secretory IgA binding protein, SpsA, from Streptococcus pneumoniae is therefore a promising new candidate for vaccine development.
- Example 1 This example describes the secretory IgA binding of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in a Western blot.
- the proteins of the Streptococcus pneumoniae lysate (ODgQO adjusted by l'O and after absorption of the bacteria in 100 ⁇ l digestion solution (20% glycerol, 3% SDS, 3% ß-mercaptoethanol, 0.05% bromophenol blue) boiled at 94 ° C. for 10 minutes ) were separated in SDS-PAGE and then transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane.
- the filters were incubated with secretive IgA [1 ⁇ g / ml] (Sigma, Kunststoff, Germany) in 0.1 M PBS for 1 hour at room temperature with shaking. After washing three times with 0.1 M PBS, the filters were incubated for 1 hour with a Goat-Anti Human IgA-HRP conjugate antibody (ICN, Eschwege, Germany). The color development was carried out after three washes with 1 mg of 4-chloro-1-naphthol and 0.1% H 2 0 2 per 1 ml of PBS.
- This example describes the binding of 125j oc j-labeled secretory IgA from Streptococcus pneumoniae strains.
- 100 ng slgA in 1 ml 0.05 M phosphate buffer pH 7.5 were added after the addition of 20 ⁇ g chloramine T with 350 ⁇ Ci 12 5 iodine and the reaction was stopped after 5 minutes by adding 20 ⁇ g Na-Metabisul- fit.
- the labeled proteins were separated from the unlabeled proteins with a PDIO column (Pharmacia, Freiburg, Germany) and frozen at -20 ° C.
- slgA binding to the Streptococcus pneumoniae strains was measured by measuring the activity of the bacteria in the gamma counter (Packard, Dreieich, Germany).
- Example 3 This example describes the cloning of the chromosomal DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 into the vector Lambda ZAP Express TM and the screening of the gene bank for a Streptococcus pneumoniae secretory IgA binding protein (SpsA).
- the chromosomal DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 was isolated, partially digested with Sau3A and fractionated according to the size of the DNA fragments in a sodium chloride gradient which was formed by freezing and thawing a 20% strength sodium chloride solution.
- the ligation of the 2.0 kb to 6.0 kb DNA fragments of the chromosomal DNA in the BamHI-cut Lambda ZAP Express TM and in vi tro packaging was carried out using a commercial kit according to the manufacturer (Stratagene, Heidelberg, Germany).
- the phage gene library was plated out without further amplification and the recombinant plaques were examined for the expression of a secretory IgA binding protein.
- the proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose filters, and after saturation with 10% skim milk in 0.1 M PBS, secretarial IgA [1 ⁇ g / ml] (Sigma, Kunststoff, Germany) in 0.1 M PBS for 1 hour Incubated room temperature with shaking.
- the filters were incubated for 1 hour with a Goat-Anti Human IgA-HRP conjugate antibody.
- Positive plaques were isolated and, after amplification, the in vivo excision of the pBK-CMV phagmid was carried out using the Exassist helper phage and XLOLR system according to the manufacturer's instructions (Stratagene, Heidelberg, Germany).
- This example describes DNA sequencing and the derivation of the amino acid sequence.
- the translation of the nucleic acid sequence into the amino acid sequence was carried out with the aid of the GeneWorks program, version 2.45 (Intelligence, Montain View, CA).
- This example describes the construction of the subclones of pSHAl and their characterization in the Western blot.
- Subclone pSHA2 (ntl-nt2203 from pSHAl) was obtained by deleting a 2882 bp EcoRI fragment and subclone pSHA3 (ntl-nt757) by deleting a 4328 bp HindiII fragment from pSHAl.
- Another subclone called pSHA4 (nt2952-nt5085 from pSHAl) was obtained by deleting a 2133 bp SacI fragment.
- the characterization of the clones was carried out after separation of the proteins of the cell lysate [ODgQO of ⁇ r ⁇ set and according to the bacteria ⁇ acceptance in 100 ul lysis solution (20% glycerol, 3% SDS, 3% ß-mercaptoethanol, 0.05% bromophenol blue) Boiled for 10 minutes at 94 ° C.] of the recombinant E. coli cells in SDS-PAGE and transfer of the proteins to a nitrocellulose membrane in the Western blot with secretory IgA.
- the filters were incubated with secretory IgA [1 ⁇ g / ml] (Sigma, Kunststoff, Germany) in 0.1 M PBS for 1 hour at room temperature with shaking. After washing three times with 0.1 M PBS, the filters were incubated for 1 hour with a Goat-Anti Human IgA-HRP conjugate antibody. The color development was carried out after three washes with 1 mg of 4-chloro-1-naphthol and 0.1% H 2 0 2 per 1 ml of PBS.
- This example describes the PCR amplification and cloning of spsA, the 5 'region of spsA (ntl-nt972) and the 3' region (nt973-ntl572) of spsA into the expression vector pQE30 (Pharmacia).
- the PCR primers for spsA and the sps ⁇ fragments were derived from the spsA sequence of Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400 serotype 1 obtained in pSHAl.
- the 5 'primer SH22 (5'-GCGCGCG CGCGGATCCTTGTTTGCATCAAAAAGCGAAAG-3') is 39 bp long and begins with a modified start codon of the sps ⁇ gene (TTG instead of ATG).
- the 5 'primer for the repeats, SH24 (5' -GCGCGCGCGCGCGGATCCACAGGCT GGAAACAAGAAAAC-3 '), begins with the initial sequence of the first repeat at nucleotide 973 of the sps ⁇ gene.
- the 3 'primer of spsASH23 begins with the stop codon and the 3 'primer of the N-terminus, SH25 (5'-CTCAGCTAATTAAGCTTTTTTTGGAGTAGATG2 nucleotide-3), starts at
- the primers SH22-SH23 were used to construct pQSH12, the primers SH22-SH25 to construct pQSH14 and the primers SH24-SH23 to construct pQSH30.
- the 5 'primers contained a B-amtil restriction site for cloning, the 3' primers a HindiII restriction site.
- the amplification of the genomic pneumococcal DNA with the 5 'and 3' primers (20 pmol each) was carried out in a thermal cycler (MWG-Biotech, Ebersberg, Germany) in a 100 ⁇ l volume with 2.5 units of the Goldstar Taq polymerase according to the manufacturer (Eurogentec, Seraing, Belgium) and 50 ng chromosomal DNA.
- the samples were denatured at 94 ° C for two minutes and the amplification was carried out in 35 cycles consisting of 1 minute denaturation of the DNA at 94 ° C, 1 minute annealing of the primer at 55 ° C and 2 minutes extension at 72 ° C.
- the primers SH22 to SH23 were also used for the amplification and cloning of the spsA genes from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 2
- the primers SH22 to SH25 could also be used for the amplification and cloning of the 5 'region of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 47 (R36A rough, NCTC 10319).
- This example describes the study of the adherence of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains to human epithelial cells.
- mice with pneumolysin toxoid confers a significant degree of protection against at least nine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect. Immune. 62: 5683-5688
- Pneumococcal surface protein A is serologically highly variable and is expressed by all clinically important capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect. Immune. 58: 3293-3299
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EP98916880A EP0991762A2 (de) | 1997-03-03 | 1998-03-02 | OBERFLÄCHENPROTEIN (SPSA-PROTEIN) VON $i(STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE) DELIERTE ABKÖMMLINGE, EXPRESSIONSSSYSTEM FÜR DIESE PROTEINE UND VACCINE MIT DEN PROTEINEN |
JP53813798A JP2001524073A (ja) | 1997-03-03 | 1998-03-02 | 肺炎連鎖球菌の新規の表面タンパク質(SpsA−タンパク質)、欠失した誘導体、該タンパク質用の発現システム及び該タンパク質を含むワクチン |
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DE19708537A DE19708537A1 (de) | 1997-03-03 | 1997-03-03 | Neues Oberflächenprotein (SpsA-Protein) von Streptococcus pneumoniae etc. |
DE19708537.7 | 1997-03-03 |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0846766A2 (de) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-06-10 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | IgA Fc-bindendes Protein von Streptococcus pneumoniae |
WO2002008426A2 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-01-31 | Hansa Medical Ab | Fh-binding protein of streptococcus pneumoniae |
US6503511B1 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 2003-01-07 | Medimmune, Inc. | Derivatives of choline binding proteins for vaccines |
WO2007071711A2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals Sa | Vaccine |
WO2007116028A2 (en) | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-18 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals S.A. | Conjugate vaccines |
WO2009000826A1 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals S.A. | Vaccine comprising streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide conjugates |
EP2140878A1 (de) | 2000-09-15 | 2010-01-06 | GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals S.A. | Impfstoff gegen Streptococcus Pneumoniae |
EP2364720A1 (de) | 2005-12-13 | 2011-09-14 | GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals S.A. | Impfstoffzusammensetzungen mit einem saponin-adjuvans |
WO2011110241A1 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals S.A. | Immunogenic composition comprising s. pneumoniae polysaccharides conjugated to carrier proteins |
WO2012156391A1 (en) | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-22 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals S.A. | Vaccine against streptococcus pneumoniae |
EP2612680A1 (de) | 2008-04-16 | 2013-07-10 | GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA | Impfstoff |
WO2017067962A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals S.A. | Vaccine |
US9714283B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2017-07-25 | Adma Biologics, Inc. | Compositions and methods for the treatment of immunodeficiency |
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Families Citing this family (2)
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US6800744B1 (en) | 1997-07-02 | 2004-10-05 | Genome Therapeutics Corporation | Nucleic acid and amino acid sequences relating to Streptococcus pneumoniae for diagnostics and therapeutics |
WO2000029434A2 (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2000-05-25 | St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | PNEUMOCOCCAL CHOLINE BINDING PROTEINS, CbpG AND CbpD, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC USES THEREOF |
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WO1996039113A2 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-12 | Uab Research Foundation | Oral administration of pneumococcal antigens |
WO1997041151A2 (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 1997-11-06 | The Rockefeller University | Choline binding proteins for anti-pneumococcal vaccines |
WO1998018930A2 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-07 | Human Genome Sciences, Inc. | Streptococcus pneumoniae antigens and vaccines |
WO1998021337A2 (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-05-22 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | C3 BINDING PROTEIN OF $i(STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE) |
-
1997
- 1997-03-03 DE DE19708537A patent/DE19708537A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-03-02 WO PCT/EP1998/001149 patent/WO1998039450A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-02 JP JP53813798A patent/JP2001524073A/ja active Pending
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WO1996039113A2 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-12 | Uab Research Foundation | Oral administration of pneumococcal antigens |
WO1997041151A2 (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 1997-11-06 | The Rockefeller University | Choline binding proteins for anti-pneumococcal vaccines |
WO1998018930A2 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-07 | Human Genome Sciences, Inc. | Streptococcus pneumoniae antigens and vaccines |
WO1998021337A2 (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-05-22 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | C3 BINDING PROTEIN OF $i(STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE) |
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DE19708537A1 (de) | 1998-09-10 |
WO1998039450A3 (de) | 1998-11-05 |
JP2001524073A (ja) | 2001-11-27 |
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