WO1998019410A3 - Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing - Google Patents

Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998019410A3
WO1998019410A3 PCT/US1997/018911 US9718911W WO9819410A3 WO 1998019410 A3 WO1998019410 A3 WO 1998019410A3 US 9718911 W US9718911 W US 9718911W WO 9819410 A3 WO9819410 A3 WO 9819410A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency division
division multiplexing
single chip
orthogonal frequency
digital receiver
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/018911
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1998019410A2 (en
Inventor
Dawood Alam
Matthew James Collins
David Huw Davies
Peter Anthony Keevill
John Matthew Nolan
Thomas Foxcroft
Jonathan Parker
Original Assignee
Discovision Ass
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9622728.5A external-priority patent/GB9622728D0/en
Application filed by Discovision Ass filed Critical Discovision Ass
Priority to JP52054998A priority Critical patent/JP2001527706A/en
Priority to IL12965597A priority patent/IL129655A0/en
Priority to AU51471/98A priority patent/AU727726B2/en
Priority to CA002270149A priority patent/CA2270149A1/en
Priority to BR9712722-1A priority patent/BR9712722A/en
Priority to EP97946266A priority patent/EP0938795A2/en
Publication of WO1998019410A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998019410A2/en
Publication of WO1998019410A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998019410A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0054—Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0212—Channel estimation of impulse response
    • H04L25/0214—Channel estimation of impulse response of a single coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
    • H04L25/023—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols
    • H04L25/0232—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols by interpolation between sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2649—Demodulators
    • H04L27/26524—Fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators in combination with other circuits for demodulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2657—Carrier synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2662—Symbol synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2662—Symbol synchronisation
    • H04L27/2665—Fine synchronisation, e.g. by positioning the FFT window
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0065—Serial concatenated codes

Abstract

The invention provides a single chip implementation of a digital receiver for multicarrier signals that are transmitted by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. Improved channel estimation and correction circuitry are provided. The receiver has highly accurate sampling rate control and frequecy control circuitry. BCH decoding of tps data carriers is achieved with minimal resources with an arrangement that includes a small Galois field multiplier. An improved FFT window synchronization circuit is coupled to the resampling circuit for locating the boundary of the guard interval transmitted with the active frame of the signal. A real-time pipelined FFT processor is operationally associated with the FFT window synchronization circuit and operates with reduced memory requirements.
PCT/US1997/018911 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing WO1998019410A2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP52054998A JP2001527706A (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Single-chip VLSI implementation of digital receiver using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
IL12965597A IL129655A0 (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Digital receiver
AU51471/98A AU727726B2 (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Single chip VLSI implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
CA002270149A CA2270149A1 (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
BR9712722-1A BR9712722A (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Digital receiver for multiport signals, and, process to estimate a channel's frequency response.
EP97946266A EP0938795A2 (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9622728.5 1996-10-31
GBGB9622728.5A GB9622728D0 (en) 1996-10-31 1996-10-31 Timing synchronization in a reciever employing orthogonal frequency division mutiplexing
GB9720550A GB2318953A (en) 1996-10-31 1997-09-26 OFDM receiver with FFT window sync.
GB9720550.4 1997-09-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998019410A2 WO1998019410A2 (en) 1998-05-07
WO1998019410A3 true WO1998019410A3 (en) 1998-08-27

Family

ID=26310320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/018911 WO1998019410A2 (en) 1996-10-31 1997-10-22 Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0938795A2 (en)
JP (2) JP2001527706A (en)
KR (1) KR20000052956A (en)
CN (1) CN1249099A (en)
AU (1) AU727726B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9712722A (en)
CA (1) CA2270149A1 (en)
IL (1) IL129655A0 (en)
WO (1) WO1998019410A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6292511B1 (en) * 1998-10-02 2001-09-18 Usa Digital Radio Partners, Lp Method for equalization of complementary carriers in an AM compatible digital audio broadcast system
US6940933B1 (en) 1999-06-23 2005-09-06 Cingular Wireless Ii, Llc Apparatus and method for synchronization in a multiple-carrier communications system by observing a phase-frequency relationship of a plurality of pilot signals
US6930995B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2005-08-16 Cingular Wireless Ii, Llc Apparatus and method for synchronization in a multiple-carrier communication system by observing a plurality of synchronization indicators
US6389087B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2002-05-14 At&T Wireless Services, Inc. Apparatus and method for synchronization in a multiple-carrier communication system by observing energy within a guard band
JP4745586B2 (en) * 2000-03-30 2011-08-10 クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド Method and apparatus for mobile station applications to identify specified events
DE60028200T2 (en) 2000-08-01 2007-03-15 Sony Deutschland Gmbh Device and method for channel estimation for OFDM system
JP3960511B2 (en) * 2001-05-07 2007-08-15 日本放送協会 OFDM signal analyzer
EP1267536A1 (en) 2001-06-13 2002-12-18 Conexant Systems, Inc. Multicarrier receiver with detection of the transmission mode and length of the guard interval
EP1283614A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-12 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON (publ) Channel estimation in a multicarrier transmit diversity system
FR2830389B1 (en) * 2001-10-03 2004-09-24 Canon Kk METHOD AND DEVICE COMBINING CHANNEL ESTIMATION AND TIME SYNCHRONIZATION FOR RECEPTION
US7548506B2 (en) 2001-10-17 2009-06-16 Nortel Networks Limited System access and synchronization methods for MIMO OFDM communications systems and physical layer packet and preamble design
KR100429528B1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2004-05-03 삼성전자주식회사 Method and apparatus for digital communications
US7224666B2 (en) 2002-05-13 2007-05-29 Texas Instruments Incorporated Estimating frequency offsets using pilot tones in an OFDM system
CN1497886B (en) * 2002-10-10 2012-03-07 松下电器产业株式会社 Orthogonal frequency division multiplex signal equalizer, method, ground digital broadcast receiver
DE102004047600A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for synchronizing a sampling clock and synchronization unit for a multi-carrier receiving system
KR100686140B1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2007-02-23 엘지전자 주식회사 Tracker Lock Generation Method
JP2006287756A (en) 2005-04-01 2006-10-19 Ntt Docomo Inc Transmitting apparatus, transmitting method, receiving apparatus, and receiving method
CN101110803B (en) * 2006-07-18 2011-06-01 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 Method for implementing join operation based on fast Fourier transformation and inverse transformation
US8238436B2 (en) * 2007-03-30 2012-08-07 Mediatek Inc. Methods and device for fast acquisition of digital video signals
CN101552756B (en) * 2008-04-03 2013-06-12 联咏科技股份有限公司 Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulated receiving device and filter used by same
CN101257472B (en) * 2008-04-09 2011-04-27 浙江大学 Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing receiver system and its automatic gain control method
US20110211549A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2011-09-01 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Multiple access communication system
CN101626250A (en) * 2009-07-23 2010-01-13 无锡圆芯微电子有限公司 Method for realizing integrate circuit of Reed-Solomon decoder having single error correcting capability
WO2011051448A2 (en) 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Bangor University Synchronisation process in optical frequency division multiplexing transmission systems
GB2489922A (en) 2011-04-06 2012-10-17 Univ Bangor Synchronising optical OFDM signal with pattern of DC offset levels superimposed upon OFDM symbols
EP3186937B1 (en) * 2014-08-28 2023-11-22 Atlas Global Technologies LLC Frame transmitting method and frame receiving method
US10003986B2 (en) * 2014-09-26 2018-06-19 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Device, network, and method for communications with variable-duration reference signals
FR3038084B1 (en) * 2015-06-29 2017-12-29 Centre National De La Recherche Scient (C N R S) STOCHASTIC PARALLEL MICROPROCESSOR
CN107454030B (en) * 2017-07-17 2020-03-17 科大智能电气技术有限公司 Power line broadband carrier semi-parallel transmitter and implementation method thereof
CN109391580B (en) * 2017-08-04 2021-06-15 安立股份有限公司 Synchronization device and synchronization method
CN110830086B (en) * 2018-08-07 2021-06-22 航天信息股份有限公司 Signal processing device and reader
CN109286381B (en) * 2018-09-12 2022-03-08 西安微电子技术研究所 Automatic gain control circuit based on thermometer coding and control method
CN111371717B (en) * 2018-12-26 2022-08-05 深圳市力合微电子股份有限公司 Method for carrying out phase tracking by using symmetric pilot frequency in OFDM modulation
CN112202457A (en) * 2019-07-08 2021-01-08 得琦电子股份有限公司 Channel menu interface of wireless audio transmission system capable of quickly selecting channel
CN112099339B (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-08-24 季华实验室 UTC data receiver and timer
CN112231847B (en) * 2020-11-04 2024-04-02 中国商用飞机有限责任公司北京民用飞机技术研究中心 Transition position determining method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
CN112787723B (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-03-25 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 Nonlinear encoder, encoding method and optical transmission system
CN112818633B (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-20 北京智芯仿真科技有限公司 Iterative method and device for integrated circuit current distribution dynamically applied by interlayer coupling
CN116153362B (en) * 2023-04-20 2023-08-25 浙江力积存储科技有限公司 Delay feedback method and delay feedback storage structure for read latency counter

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4300229A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-11-10 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Transmitter and receiver for an othogonally multiplexed QAM signal of a sampling rate N times that of PAM signals, comprising an N/2-point offset fourier transform processor
WO1995003656A1 (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-02 Telia Ab Method and apparatus for synchronization in digital transmission systems of the ofdm type
EP0653858A2 (en) * 1993-11-16 1995-05-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba OFDM Synchronization demodulation circuit
EP0689314A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-27 NOKIA TECHNOLOGY GmbH Frame synchronization in a device receiving digital radio transmissions
EP0722235A2 (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-07-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and transmitting orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals and receiver thereof
WO1996024989A2 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-point to point communication system
EP0730357A2 (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-04 Telia Ab Frequency and frame synchronisation for OFDM

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4300229A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-11-10 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Transmitter and receiver for an othogonally multiplexed QAM signal of a sampling rate N times that of PAM signals, comprising an N/2-point offset fourier transform processor
WO1995003656A1 (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-02 Telia Ab Method and apparatus for synchronization in digital transmission systems of the ofdm type
EP0653858A2 (en) * 1993-11-16 1995-05-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba OFDM Synchronization demodulation circuit
EP0689314A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-27 NOKIA TECHNOLOGY GmbH Frame synchronization in a device receiving digital radio transmissions
EP0722235A2 (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-07-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and transmitting orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals and receiver thereof
WO1996024989A2 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-point to point communication system
EP0730357A2 (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-04 Telia Ab Frequency and frame synchronisation for OFDM

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WYATT-MILLINGTON W ET AL: "A PIPELINED IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WINOGRAD FFT FOR SATELLITE ON-BOARD MULTI-CARRIER DEMODULATION", WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 2, no. 4, 1 January 1996 (1996-01-01), pages 321 - 334, XP000589621 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2270149A1 (en) 1998-05-07
KR20000052956A (en) 2000-08-25
AU727726B2 (en) 2000-12-21
EP0938795A2 (en) 1999-09-01
JP2001527706A (en) 2001-12-25
IL129655A0 (en) 2000-02-29
BR9712722A (en) 1999-10-26
CN1249099A (en) 2000-03-29
WO1998019410A2 (en) 1998-05-07
JP2005045788A (en) 2005-02-17
AU5147198A (en) 1998-05-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO1998019410A3 (en) Single chip vlsi implementation of a digital receiver employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
US11496345B2 (en) Implicit signaling in OFDM preamble with embedded signature sequence, and cyclic prefix and postfix aided signature detection
US5444697A (en) Method and apparatus for frame synchronization in mobile OFDM data communication
FI106592B (en) Method and arrangement to achieve and maintain symbol synchronization especially in an OFDM system
US7813456B2 (en) Frequency correlation based synchronization for coherent OFDM receiver and apparatus thereof
KR101165873B1 (en) Tps decoder in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing receiver
US6501810B1 (en) Fast frame synchronization
US6449245B1 (en) Signal receiving apparatus and method and providing medium
US20060088133A1 (en) Time-frequency correlation-based synchronization for coherent OFDM receiver
US20020101840A1 (en) Timing drift compensation in wireless packet-based systems
WO1998052313A1 (en) Receiver and receiving circuit
WO2001056239A3 (en) Clock synchronization, frequency synchronization, channel sounder and equalizer for ofdm using pilots equidistant in the frequency domain
KR970707663A (en) Transmission system with improved symbol processing
AR008910A1 (en) DIGITAL RECEIVER FOR SIGNALS OF MULTIPLE CARRIERS
FI20020387A0 (en) A method and system for receiving a multi-carrier signal
JPH11346206A (en) Digital broadcast receiver
KR20060003670A (en) Method and apparatus for auto-reporting a result of self-test
KR20050010834A (en) Method and device for synchronization upon reception of a signal and echoes
US20090103667A1 (en) Methods for Modified Signal Acquisition for OFDM Schemes
TW329065B (en) Radio receiver
JP2818155B2 (en) DFT circuit and OFDM synchronous demodulator
EP0841787A3 (en) Synchronisation in a multicarrier receiver
KR100500404B1 (en) Method for recovering a sampling clock in ofdm systems
JP2735008B2 (en) Symbol period detection circuit for orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signal receiver
JPH10135924A (en) Orthogonal frequency-division multiple signal transmission method and receiver used therefor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 97180515.6

Country of ref document: CN

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 51471/98

Country of ref document: AU

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2270149

Country of ref document: CA

Ref document number: 2270149

Country of ref document: CA

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 1998 520549

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: PA/a/1999/004059

Country of ref document: MX

Ref document number: 1019997003829

Country of ref document: KR

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1997946266

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1997946266

Country of ref document: EP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1019997003829

Country of ref document: KR

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 51471/98

Country of ref document: AU

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1019997003829

Country of ref document: KR

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1997946266

Country of ref document: EP