Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
  • A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
  • A01F15/08—Details
  • A01F15/10—Feeding devices for the crop material e.g. precompression devices

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to "square" or “rectangular” crop balers having a generally horizontally disposed baling chamber, a reciprocating plunger within the chamber, and an in-line, underslung loading duct projecting downwardly and forwardly from the bottom of the chamber to a crop pickup apparatus. More particularly, the invention concerns a stuffer operable within the duct for transferring crop material from the pickup apparatus to the baling chamber and for precompressing the material before it is loaded into the chamber.
• the primary function of a square baler is to provide a high output of shapely, durable bales utilizing reliable but inexpensive machinery. It has been determined that the shapeliness and durability of a bale are directly related to the bale density. That is to say, the production of quality bales depends upon the uniformity of crop material density throughout the bale. If a bale contains pockets of relatively loosely packed crop material, the bale tends to separate. Furthermore, variations in bale density are known to inhibit tying and stacking of the bale. Of course, the salability and quality of a bale diminishes significantly when the bale is poorly shaped or has detached areas or pockets of loosely packed material.
• balers have been provided with various structure to compress the crop material as it is transferred through the duct.
• a rotary packer is provided adjacent the mouth of the duct to receive material from the pickup apparatus and force the material upwardly through the duct.
• the moving plunger covers over the outlet of the duct to block the flow of crop material therethrough. The packer progressively packs the duct with picked up crop material and thereby compresses the material contained within the duct.
• a fork moves through the duct to stuff the pre-compressed charge of material into the baling chamber.
• Transfer of crop material through the duct thus involves a dual stage process of first compressing the crop material with the packer and subsequently stuffing the packed charge of material from the duct into the baling chamber with the fork.
• the provision of both a packer and a stuffing fork within the duct is inherently more complicated and costly than a single device would be for carrying out these functions. But, heretofore, only a few balers have been commercially available having stuffer mechanisms that both pack and stuff the charge. Some have used very complicated stuffers; others less complicated but with less precompression or capacity.
• one important object of the present invention is to provide an improvement in stuffers that perform the dual functions of both stuffing the charge into the baling chamber and precompressing the material to form the charge.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a stuffing device that stuffs and precompresses and that is inexpensive and simple in construction, yet reliable and effective.
• the square baler includes a stuffer operable through successive stuffing strokes in timed relationship with the reciprocating plunger to load successive charges of crop material into the baling chamber during retraction strokes of the plunger.
• the stuffer includes a pair of fore-and-aft mutually spaced apart forks presenting a leading fork and a trailing fork with respect to the direction of travel of the stuffer during a stuffer stroke
• the leading fork has a generally kidney-shaped path of travel that begins rearwardly of the forwardly facing inlet of the duct, while the trailing fork has a generally kidney-shaped path of travel that begins forwardly of the duct inlet
• the leading fork precompresses the charge against the bottom of the plunger as the plunger is covering the open end of the duct and then stuffs the precompressed charge into the chamber when the plunger is sufficiently retracted
• the trailing fork sweeps new material into the inlet of the duct and advances it at least to the beginning of the path of travel of the leading fork as the leading fork carries out and completes its stuffing stroke
• the forks are spaced apart by a distance that is approximately one-and-one half times the height of the baling chamber
• the preferred forks each have a generally concave leading face and a generally convex trailing face
• each fork includes a series of side-by-side, laterally spaced apart prongs
• FIG 1 is a fragmentary, somewhat schematic, side elevational view of a square baler with portions thereof being removed to reveal internal details of construction, particularly illustrating a stuffer constructed in accordance with the present invention and the paths of travel of the leading and trailing forks of the stuffer,
• FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the baler illustrated in FIG 1,
• FIG. 3 is an enlarged, exploded perspective view of the stuffer and drive mechanism therefor, particularly illustrating the components of the drive mechanism for controlling the movement of the stuffer such that the forks have respective kidney- shaped paths of travel.
• FIG. 4 is an enlarged top plan view of just the stuffer and drive mechanism
• FIG 5 is an enlarged, schematic side elevational view of the stuffer, drive mechanism, and loading duct
• FIG. 6 is a fragmentary, schematic side elevational view of the baler, particularly illustrating the plunger as it moves rearwardly during its compaction stroke and the stuffer as it moves forwardly and downwardly during its return stroke
• FIG. 7 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 6, but illustrating the plunger at its rearwardmost position just before its retraction stroke and the stuffer at the beginning of the stuffing stroke with the leading fork positioned rearwardly of the duct inlet and the trailing fork positioned forwardly of the duct inlet
• FIG 8 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 7, but illustrating the plunger as it moves forwardly during its retraction stroke and the stuffer as it moves rearwardly and upwardly during its stuffing stroke so that the leading fork packs material masses 1 and 2 against the bottom of the forwardly moving plunger and the trailing fork moves material mass 3 through the duct
• FIG. 7 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 6, but illustrating the plunger at its rearwardmost position just before its retraction stroke and the
• FIG 9 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 8, but illustrating the plunger moved forwardly relative to FIG 8 and the stuffer moved further along its stuffing stroke so that the leading fork further packs material masses 1 and 2 against the bottom of the plunger and the trailing fork continues to move the material mass 3 through the duct;
• FIG 10 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 9, but illustrating the plunger in its forwardmost position and the stuffer further along its stuffing stroke so that the leading fork stuffs material masses 1 and 2 into the baling chamber and the trailing fork continues to move material mass 3 through the duct,
• FIG. 11 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 9, but illustrating the plunger at the beginning of its compaction stroke and the stuffer at the end of its stuffing stroke, whereby the leading fork projects slightly into the baling chamber to further precompress material masses 1 and 2 and the trailing fork has moved the material mass
• FIG 12 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 6, with the plunger compacting material masses 1 and 2 within the baling chamber,
• FIG. 13 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 7, but illustrating material masses 3, 4 and 5 within the loading duct,
• FIG 14 is a side elevational view similar to FIG 8, with the leading fork packing material masses 3 and 4 against the bottom of the plunger and the trailing fork moving material mass 5 through the duct,
• FIG. 15 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 9, with the leading fork further packing material masses 3 and 4 against the bottom of the plunger and the trailing fork continuing to move material mass 5 through the duct
• FIG. 16 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 10, with material masses 3 and 4 being stuffed into the baling chamber by the leading fork;
• FIG. 17 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 11, with material masses 3 and 4 within the baling chamber and material mass 5 adjacent the chamber inlet.
• the baler 10 selected for illustration has a wheeled chassis 12 including an axle 13 and a pair of laterally spaced ground wheels 14 and 16.
• the chassis 12 carries a substantially horizontal, fore-and-aft extending baling chamber 18 that is centered between the two wheels 14,16 (see FIG. 2).
• a plunger 19 reciprocates in a fore-and-aft direction within the baling chamber 18 for compacting crop material into a bale.
• a windrow pickup apparatus is supported on the chassis 12 below the baling chamber 18, in front of the wheels 14,16, and centered along the fore-and-aft axis of the baler for picking up a windrow of crop material as the baler is advanced along a path of travel by a towing vehicle (not shown).
• a loading duct 22 extends generally between the pickup apparatus
• the stuffer 24 transfers crop material from the pickup apparatus to the baling chamber and precompresses the material within the duct prior to stuffing it into the chamber.
• the illustrated baler is a so-called "in-line” square baler with the baling chamber 18, plunger 19, loading duct 22 and crop pickup apparatus 20 located along the same longitudinal, fore-and-aft axis.
• the principles of the present invention are equally applicable to various other square and rectangular baler designs.
• a tongue 26 extends from the front of the baler 10 to connect the baler to the towing vehicle.
• the forward end of the tongue 26 has a hitch 28 for connection to the towing vehicle, while the rearward end of the tongue is pivotally connected to the chassis 12 for movement about a generally upright pivot 30 (see FIG. 2).
• the pivot 30 enables the tongue 26 to swing back-and-forth in a generally horizontal plane so that the baler may be positioned either directly behind the towing vehicle or at a position offset relative to the vehicle.
• a hydraulic swing cylinder 32 pivotally connected between tongue 26 and chassis 12 is provided for swinging the tongue and thereby shifting the baler between its aligned and offset positions. Further details of construction and operation of the swinging tongue 26 are shown in co-pending application for U.S. Letters Patent Ser. No. , filed , entitled IN-LINE RECTANGULAR BALER
• the pickup apparatus 20 picks up the windrow of crop material. Particularly, a plurality of laterally spaced tines 34 are driven along an upwardly and rearwardly extending path to transfer crop material from the ground to a laterally extending pan 36 (see FIG. 1). As perhaps best shown in FIG. 2, the pickup apparatus extends outwardly in opposite directions beyond the lateral confines of the duct 22. A pair of center-gathering stub augers 38 and 40 are provided on opposite sides of the pickup apparatus 20 to convey crop material from the outer, lateral reaches of the apparatus to the center of the machine in alignment with the duct 22.
• the converged flow of crop material is subsequently transferred through the duct 22 by the stuffer 24, as will be described hereinbelow.
• the duct has a generally square cross-sectional configuration and curves generally rearwardly and upwardly from the pickup apparatus 20 to the baling chamber 18.
• the duct 22 is at least as long as the chamber 18 is tall, and preferably is on the order of twice the height of the chamber.
• the duct 22 is open at both ends to present a forwardly facing inlet 42 immediately rearward of the pan 36 of the pickup apparatus 20.
• the other end of the duct 22 presents an outlet which cooperates with an opening in the floor of the baling chamber 18 to define a crop material passageway, generally designated by the numeral 44, intercommunicating the duct and chamber.
• the compacting plunger 19 is reciprocated within the baling chamber so that each new charge of the crop material stuffed through the passageway 44 is compacted rearwardly by the plunger 19 during its compaction stroke.
• the plunger 19 moves rearwardly, as indicated by the leftwardly pointing arrow in FIG. 6, across the top of the duct 22 to close off the passageway 44. At full compression it is disposed slightly beyond the rear edge of the passageway 44 (see FIG. 7).
• the plunger 19 has withdrawn slightly beyond the opposite, forward edge of the passageway 44, as shown in FIG. 10.
• Each charge of new hay in the baling chamber 18 is packed rearwardly by the plunger 19 against a body of previously compacted hay.
• the previously compacted materials provide a backstop for each freshly compacted charge, and the total compacted mass within the chamber 18 is inched rearwardly toward a rearmost discharge outlet 48 with each compaction stroke of the plunger.
• a hydraulically controlled squeezed mechanism controls the size of the outlet 48 and the side squeeze or pressure applied on the mass of materials between the outlet and the rear face of the plunger 19.
• the squeeze mechanism 50 applies inwardly directed squeeze force to an inwardly and outwardly moveable top rail 52 (see FIG. 2) and a pair of side rails 54 (only one such side rail being illustrated in FIG. 1 ).
• the baler also has a bottom rail (not shown) that is moveable inwardly and outwardly with respect to the baling chamber for applying controllable amounts of squeeze pressure from the bottom of the machine so that pressure is actually applied from all four sides of the bale case.
• the squeeze mechanism 50 is the subject matter of co-pending application for
• a suitable knotter and tying mechanism (not shown) is preferably provided for binding bales of the crop material before they issue from the outlet 48.
• Knotting needles 56 suspended below the baling chamber 18 may comprise a part of such mechanism, as well understood by those skilled in the art.
• the baler has numerous operating components that require driving power. These include the plunger 19, the pickup apparatus 20, the stuffer 24, the swing cylinder 32, the squeeze mechanism 50, and the knotter and knotting needles 56.
• driving power may be provided through a power take-off shaft (not shown) on the towing vehicle and a mechanical drive line (not shown) carried by the tongue 26.
• the source of driving power may be an onboard internal combustion engine and other apparatus all supported by the chassis 12 so that, except for certain controls, all of the operating and drive components for the baler are carried on the baler itself.
• an internal combustion engine 57 is mounted on the left side of the chassis forwardly of the wheel axle 13.
• the exhaust pipe 58 for the engine is shown in FIG. 1.
• the engine is drivingly connected to a hydraulic pump (not shown) which supplies oil under pressure to the various hydraulically powered components of the baler.
• the engine is drivingly coupled to a large flywheel sheave 60 connected to the front end of a gear box 62 (see FIG. 2).
• the gear box 62 provides mechanical driving power for the plunger 19, pickup apparatus 20, stuffer 24, and the knotting mechanism and needles 58.
• the gear box 62 has a transverse output shaft 64 that fixedly carries a pair of laterally spaced cranks 66 and 68.
• a pair of connecting rods 69 are pivotally connected between the plunger 19 and respective ones of the cranks 66,68 for transferring the generally circular movement of the cranks to reciprocation of the plunger.
• crop material is both transferred from the pickup apparatus 20 to the baling chamber 18 and precompressed within the loading duct 22 prior to being transferred into the chamber.
• the stuffer 24 includes a series of laterally spaced, arched, dual pronged elements 70 which present a leading fork 70a and a spaced trailing fork 70b with respect to the direction of travel of the stuffer during the stuffing stroke.
• the stuffer 24 includes four elements 70 so that each fork 70a and 70b comprises four laterally spaced apart prongs.
• the prongs of the elements 70 are somewhat arcuate in shape so that each of the forks 70a and 70b have a generally concave leading face and a generally convex trailing face. Furthermore, the prongs are sufficiently spaced apart so that the distance between the forks 70a and 70b at the tips is approximately one-and-one-half times the height of the baling chamber 18.
• the forks 70a,70b each have a generally kidney- shaped path of travel which is controlled by a drive mechanism broadly designated by the numeral 72 (see FIG. 3).
• the stuffer is provided with a transverse mounting tube 74 to which a series of laterally spaced brackets 76 are attached.
• each element 70 is fastened to a corresponding bracket 76 by bolt assemblies 78.
• the mounting tube 74 is rockably received on a transverse shaft 80 which spans and is rigidly affixed at its opposite ends to a pair of crank arms 82 and 84.
• the left crank arm 82 (as viewed from the rear of the machine) has a transverse, outwardly extending stub shaft 86 fixed thereto which is in turn journaled by bearing assembly 88 for rotation about a transverse axis defined by the stub shaft 86.
• the right crank arm 84 has its own transverse, outwardly extending stub shaft 90 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) fixed thereto which is in turn journaled for rotation by bearing assembly (not shown) about an axis coinciding with that of stub shaft 90.
• the stub shaft 90 projects further outwardly than stub shaft 86 and has a drive sprocket 94 fixed thereto.
• An endless chain 96 entrains the drive sprocket 94 and a second sprocket 98 carried on the output shaft 64 of the gear box 62 for drivingly connecting the stuffer 24 to the engine 57.
• the transverse shaft 80, and thereby the tube 74, are thus driven in a circular orbit about the aligned axes of the stub shafts 86,90 (in a clockwise direction viewing FIG. 5) when power is supplied to the stuffer 24 by the chain 96.
• the forks 70a, 70b travel along a kidney-shaped path, rather than follow the circular path of the tube 74. This is accomplished by the presence of a crank 100 and a stiff link 102 which cooperatively control the movement of the forks 70a,70b.
• the crank 100 is fixed to the mounting tube 74 and pivotally connected to one of the ends of the link 102.
• the other end of the link 102 is pivotally connected to the proximal side of the baling chamber 18 at a point spaced above and rearwardly of the axes of the stub shafts 86,90. Accordingly, the link 102 limits the degree of movement of the crank 100 such that the forks 70a,70b move along their respective kidney-shaped paths.
• the path of the leading fork 70a begins rearwardly of the duct inlet 42 and terminates within the baling chamber 18.
• the path of the trailing fork 70b (designed by the numeral 106), on the other hand, begins slightly forwardly of the stub augers 38,40 and extends into the duct 22 to overlap the path of the leading fork 70a.
• the operation of the stuffer 24 is coordinated with the operation of the plunger 19 so that the stuffing strokes of the forks 70a, 70b are generally concurrent with the retraction stroke of the plunger 19, while the return strokes of the forks are generally concurrent with the compaction stroke of the plunger.
• the forks 70a, 70b move generally rearwardly and upwardly through the duct to transfer crop material into the baling chamber 18.
• the timed relationship of the plunger 19 and stuffer 24 also allows the leading fork 70a to pack material against the bottom of the plunger during its retraction stroke to effect the desired precompression of the material within the duct 22.
• the trailing fork 70b moves through a path that serves to sweep crop material from the pickup apparatus 20 to the path of the leading fork 70a so that the leading fork does not have to sweep entirely through the duct 22 (i.e., from the pickup apparatus to the baling chamber).
• the baler 10 As the baler 10 is pulled across the field by the towing vehicle (not shown) the baler is aligned with a windrow of crop material. If necessary, the baler 10 may be offset relative to the towing vehicle by actuating the swing cylinder 22 to swing the tongue 26 about the pivot 30.
• the upwardly and rearwardly moving tines 34 of the pickup apparatus 20 pick the crop material up off the ground and transfer it rearwardly to the pan 36.
• the stub augers 38,40 in turn, converge the picked up crop material to a width corresponding to the width of the loading duct 22.
• the plunger 19 moves rearwardly during its compaction stroke (indicated by the arrow) to compact the crop material within the baling chamber 18 and move the material rearwardly through the bale case.
• the leading fork 70a and trailing fork 70b travel along their respective return strokes.
• the forks 70a,70b are disposed almost entirely outside the duct 22 during their return strokes so as to prevent backflow of the material masses 1 and 2 which would otherwise be caused by the forwardly and downwardly moving forks.
• FIG. 7 shows the plunger 19 at its rearwardmost position, with the bottom of the plunger extending substantially across the passageway 44 so as to block the flow of crop material from the duct 22 into the baling chamber 18.
• the stuffer 24 is illustrated at the beginning of its stuffing stroke so that the forks 70a and 70b straddle the duct inlet 42.
• the forks 70a and 70b are shifted rearwardly and progressively inserted into the duct 22 so that the leading fork 70a is positioned between material masses 2 and 3 and the trailing fork 70b is positioned forwardly of the mass 3 (see FIG. 8). Accordingly, the mass 3 is trapped between the forks 70a and 70b to move with the stuffer during its stuffing stroke, while -l ithe masses 1 and 2 are located downstream from the leading fork 70a to be forced through the duct 22 by the leading fork 70a.
• the plunger 19 retracts forwardly as the stuffer 24 begins its stuffing stroke, the passageway 44 remains blocked by the plunger 19 during a considerable portion of the stuffing stroke.
• the material masses 1 and 2 are pressed against the bottom of the plunger 19 by the upwardly moving leading fork 70a before being stuffed into the baling chamber 18.
• the timed relationship of the plunger 19 and the stuffer 24 thus causes precompression of the material masses 1 and 2 as the leading fork 70a moves through the duct 22 during its stuffing stroke and the plunger 19 blocks the passageway 44 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
• material mass 3 contained between the forks 70a and 70b moves through the duct 22 with the stuffer 24, while a new material mass 4 begins to collect in the pan 36.
• the crop material has a fairly self-adhesive nature and clings together so that material mass 1 does not enter the baling chamber even though the bottom of the plunger 19 only partially blocks the passageway 44.
• the leading fork 70a stuffs the precompressed charge of material comprising material masses 1 and 2 into the baling chamber 18, as shown in FIG. 10. It will be noted that the adhesiveness of the crop material and the action of the pickup tines, the auger flighting and the forwardly moving baler cooperate to introduce the material mass 4 into the duct inlet 42 as the stuffer moves through its stuffing stroke (compare FIGS. 9 and 10).
• FIG. 11 illustrates the stuffer 24 at its upwardmost position just prior to beginning its return stroke.
• the leading fork 70a projects slightly through the passageway 44 and into the baling chamber 18 for further compressing masses 1 and 2 and ensuring that the material is fully loaded up against the top of the baling chamber.
• the mass 3 is located immediately below the passageway 44 (i.e., within the path of the leading fork 70a when it makes the subsequent stuffing stroke), the mass 4 has been introduced into the duct 22 and a new material mass 5 is accumulating on the pan 36.
• FIGS. 12-17 illustrate the same sequence of events illustrated in FIGS. 6-11, with the material masses 3 and 4 being precompressed within the duct 22 and subsequently stuffed into the baling chamber 18, and material mass 5 being contained between the leading fork 70a and trailing fork 70b.
• the illustrated embodiment of the present invention provides a single device within the duct 22 that both stuffs crop material from the pickup apparatus 20 into the baling chamber 18 and precompresses the crop material within the duct prior to stuffing.
• the illustrated stuffer 24 is particularly advantageous because of its dual fork configuration and its timed relationship with the plunger 19.
• the leading fork 70a packs the material against the bottom of the plunger 19 as the plunger moves forwardly during its retraction stroke.
• the precompression of the crop material enhances the quality of the bale by improving bale density uniformity.
• the leading fork 70a concentrates on precompressing the material within the duct and then transferring the packed charge of material into the baling chamber 18, while the trailing fork 70b sweeps crop material from the pickup apparatus 20 into the duct 22 to a position immediately below the baling chamber. This assures that the duct is essentially full for the leading fork 70a as it begins each upstroke, so that a proper precompressing action can occur.
• the stuffer may comprise a pair of independently operable forks which move through the loading duct in a manner similar to the leading and trailing forks described hereinabove.
• the inventor hereby states his intent to rely on the Doctrine of

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• 1996
  • 1996-10-04 US US08/720,950 patent/US5842335A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1997
  • 1997-09-22 WO PCT/US1997/016700 patent/WO1998014048A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1997-09-22 AU AU44271/97A patent/AU4427197A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-10-01 AR ARP970104525A patent/AR008872A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation

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