WO1998009734A1 - Procede et dispositif d'enduction electrostatique pour substrats - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif d'enduction electrostatique pour substrats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998009734A1 WO1998009734A1 PCT/DE1997/001960 DE9701960W WO9809734A1 WO 1998009734 A1 WO1998009734 A1 WO 1998009734A1 DE 9701960 W DE9701960 W DE 9701960W WO 9809734 A1 WO9809734 A1 WO 9809734A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- substrate
- electrostatic coating
- substrates according
- substrates
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009503 electrostatic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007610 electrostatic coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004727 Noryl Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001207 Noryl Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015173 baked goods and baking mixes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 sheets Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/045—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field on non-conductive substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/04—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material to opposite sides of the work
Definitions
- the particles to be applied for example wet or powder coatings, are electrically charged and over one Coating member applied to the surface of the substrate to be coated.
- the particles adhere to the surface of the substrate due to Coulomb's attractive forces.
- Particles can be charged by ionization in the field of a corona discharge, by frictional electricity (so-called tribo-charging), by conduction in contact with live electrodes or by influence.
- the coating particles When charging by means of corona electrodes, the coating particles are led through the area of the corona discharge as a spray cloud.
- triboelectric charging mechanical contact is converted into electrical energy when two substances with different dielectric properties are touched and separated. The coating particles are charged due to friction.
- 1 G ⁇ are connected directly to the ground via conductive contacts.
- Substrates with a surface resistance of more than 1 G ⁇ require additional measures that enable a charge to be transported to the ground.
- Common additional measures for earthing poorly conductive substrates are, for example, applying an electrically conductive layer such as conductive solutions or conductive varnish to the surface of the substrate or heating the substrate to reduce the surface resistance. It is also customary to deposit the substrate with an earthed, conductive layer of metal foil, conductive solution or conductive lacquer in order to enable charge transport to the ground via charges influenced on the back of the substrate.
- an electrically conductive layer such as conductive solutions or conductive varnish
- the substrate can be grounded.
- the bipolar ionized air is generated by means of a corona discharge, which is formed on at least one electrode tip. It is characteristic of the bipolar ionized air flow that it as a whole is electrically neutral.
- bipolar ionized air is often only suitable as a supportive measure in combination with other additional measures described above in order to achieve a good layer quality with high-resistance substrates.
- Coating powders have shown that wetting disorders and adhesion problems occur in particular without further supporting measures.
- bipolar ionized air When using bipolar ionized air, due to the low currents with changing polarity, as much of the air is ionized as is required for a charge transport with regard to grounding in the immediate vicinity of the back of the substrate. For the purpose of grounding, low ionic of the air completely. However, direct grounding of the back of the substrate is also necessary when using bipolar ionized air.
- the substrates By emitting particles of opposite polarity from the emission devices respectively arranged on opposite sides of the substrate, the particles from at least one emission device being emitted. particles emitted as the coating medium, the substrates can be coated on one or both sides without complex grounding measures or additional work steps.
- particles with opposite polarity accumulate on the opposite side of the substrate and are actively involved in the build-up of the layer and in the layer adhesion.
- the oppositely charged particles stick to the substrate surface because they attract each other through the substrate due to Coulomb forces.
- Polarizable portions in the substrate are aligned in a preferred direction, which contributes to particle adhesion. This effect does not occur in the case of coating processes of the prior art, since the charges applied to the substrate should flow away as quickly as possible via the substrate earth so that the layer structure is not adversely affected.
- Free-flowing bulk goods as well as ceramic powders such as enamel are suitable as coating media or cement, powder coatings such as epoxy, polyester or acrylate powder or other powder substances such as sugar or salt as well as liquid wetting substances such as wet coatings, slurries, dispersions, water, inorganic solvents, organic solvents or mixtures of at least two of these components.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for powdery substances such as powder coatings, in which, in contrast to liquid wetting substances which form a liquid film, no adhesive adhesion occurs.
- both conductors and insulators can be coated using the method according to the invention.
- the method is also particularly suitable for a high-quality coating of, for example, cavities, cutouts, profiles and grooves, without the need for time-consuming and costly additional measures.
- emission devices For example, conventional coating devices such as spray guns are suitable as emission devices. Such emission devices with which particle charge, particle mass flow, etc. can be specifically controlled are preferably used. In the case of larger substrates or to improve the layer homogeneity, more than one emission device can also be arranged on one or on both sides of the substrate.
- At least one emis- sion device emits the coating medium, wherein positively charged coating particles are emitted from devices arranged on one side of the substrate and negative coating particles are emitted from devices arranged on the other side of the substrate.
- the coating medium is emitted.
- at least one emission device arranged on the opposite side of the substrate emits particles as a charged compensation medium to the oppositely charged coating medium.
- the compensation medium is characterized in that, in contrast to the coating medium, it does not adhere permanently to the substrate. Ionized gaseous, liquid and solid media such as ionized air are suitable as compensation particles.
- the coating and compensation medium can be electrically charged by conduction in contact with live electrodes, by influence, by frictional electricity (tribo-charging), by ionization in the field of a corona discharge or by a combination of these measures.
- the particle charging by means of corona discharge takes place in the case of coating particles preferably at an electrode potential between 30 and 200 kV and in the case of compensation particles likewise preferably at an electrode potential between 30 and 200 kV, particularly preferably between 60 and 120 kV.
- the appropriate voltage depends on the shape and size of the par particle, the set air flow speed in the nozzle and the distance of the emission devices from the substrate.
- the triboelectric process offers a number of advantages such as high penetration of the charged particles into cavities, problem-free multi-layer coating and high charging effectiveness.
- the triboelectric process is particularly suitable for powder coatings.
- the emission devices arranged on the substrate side to be coated or the substrate sides to be coated are moved parallel to the substrate surface.
- a variation of the distances between the emission devices and the substrate is also possible for the purpose of edge covering and cavity interior coating of, for example, bottles or helmets.
- a synchronous movement of opposite emission devices is particularly advantageous.
- the particles can be charged in such a way that the emission devices arranged on one substrate side emit only positively charged particles and the opposite emission devices exclusively negatively charged particles during the entire coating process.
- particles of positive and negative polarity can be alternated from the emission devices arranged on one side of the substrate and particles arranged on the opposite side Emission devices particles with opposite polarity are emitted.
- Suitable substrates that can be coated with the process according to the invention are, for example, materials such as wood, MDF boards, particle board, glass, paper, cardboard, fabric, ceramics, metals such as molded parts made of black or aluminum sheet, plastics such as polyacetylene, polyvinyl chloride, Noryl, acrylic or glass fiber reinforced plastics , Laminates made of different materials or foods such as baked goods or chocolate.
- the substrates can be both rigid and flexible. Simultaneous coating of workpieces of different electrical conductivity attached to the same workpiece carrier is possible.
- Suitable devices for carrying out the coating method according to the invention are emission devices, such as commercially available corona or friction-charged spraying devices, which have at least inlets and channels for air and the coating medium to be applied. Consequently, no new acquisition costs are associated with the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- the coating medium can be blocked in the emission device arranged on the substrate side that is not to be coated, so that, for example, only the air particles forming the compensation medium are electrically charged and emitted in the direction of the substrate.
- the distance between corona or friction-charged tribo-spray elements and the substrate is preferably between 100 and 300 mm or between 5 and 300 mm.
- the spraying distances have to be adapted to the respective shape, size and thickness of the workpiece as well as to the particle size.
- a tribo handgun with a flat jet or baffle plate nozzle is pointed at the front of the substrate.
- the powder particles are positively charged when flowing through the charging channel.
- a corona hand gun (without ion reduction) with a flat jet or baffle plate nozzle is pointed at the back of the substrate.
- the electrode voltage is 100 kV. Powder coating particles are negatively charged by contact with the air ions of the corona.
- Both spraying devices are at a distance of approximately 100 mm from the substrate surface and are each directed perpendicularly to it.
- the powder mass flow of both spray organs is the same.
- the movement of opposing powder spray elements is synchronized.
- the powder spray elements move over the entire substrate area. Layer thicknesses between 60 and 100 ⁇ m were achieved for powder coatings.
- two spray elements are directed onto the substrate as for the two-sided coating.
- the corona spraying device the powder metering is blocked so that only air blows through the spraying device. Since the charged air ions are more mobile than charged powder particles, the spray distance on the back of the substrate that is not to be coated can be increased. Even with the one-sided
Landscapes
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour l'enduction électrostatique de substrats avec une substance d'induction. Selon l'invention, les substrats sont déposés dans la zone située entre au moins deux dispositifs d'émission qui émettent des particules chargées électriquement. Des dispositifs d'émission disposés chaque fois sur les côtés opposés du substrat émettent des particules de polarités opposées, les particules émises par au moins un dispositif d'émission formant la substance d'enduction, de sorte que, en un cycle de travail, les substrats peuvent être au choix enduits sur un côté ou sur les deux côtés, les couches obtenues étant d'une qualité élevée.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19636234.2 | 1996-09-06 | ||
| DE1996136234 DE19636234C5 (de) | 1996-09-06 | 1996-09-06 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrostatischen Beschichtung von Substraten |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998009734A1 true WO1998009734A1 (fr) | 1998-03-12 |
Family
ID=7804832
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1997/001960 WO1998009734A1 (fr) | 1996-09-06 | 1997-09-04 | Procede et dispositif d'enduction electrostatique pour substrats |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19636234C5 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1998009734A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6506456B1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2003-01-14 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for application of a fluid on a substrate formed as a film or web |
| DE102007061498B3 (de) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-02-19 | Wd Beteiligungs Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Pulverbeschichten von Holzsubstraten |
| DE102016107992B4 (de) | 2016-04-29 | 2018-05-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Trockenbeschichtung von Trägern |
| DE102017002623A1 (de) | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-20 | Reinhold Gregarek | Verbessertes tribostatisches I-I-P-Verfahren, tribostatische Pulverdüse und Verwendung zur Herstellung elektrotechnischer Mehrschichtverbunde |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0350606A2 (fr) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-17 | Eltex-Elektrostatik Gesellschaft mbH | Dispositif d'humification d'un substrat mobile |
| EP0437383A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-07-17 | Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault S.A. | Procédé et dispositif de peinture électrostatique sur pièces plastiques |
| US5156880A (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-10-20 | Nordson Corporation | Space charge electrostatic coating method and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1487325A (en) * | 1973-11-21 | 1977-09-28 | Ici Ltd | Electrostatic deposition of particles |
| US4197331A (en) * | 1978-12-14 | 1980-04-08 | Xerox Corporation | Novel electrostatic imaging system |
-
1996
- 1996-09-06 DE DE1996136234 patent/DE19636234C5/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-09-04 WO PCT/DE1997/001960 patent/WO1998009734A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0350606A2 (fr) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-17 | Eltex-Elektrostatik Gesellschaft mbH | Dispositif d'humification d'un substrat mobile |
| EP0437383A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-07-17 | Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault S.A. | Procédé et dispositif de peinture électrostatique sur pièces plastiques |
| US5156880A (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-10-20 | Nordson Corporation | Space charge electrostatic coating method and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19636234A1 (de) | 1998-03-12 |
| DE19636234C2 (de) | 2001-05-03 |
| DE19636234C5 (de) | 2005-02-17 |
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