WO1998007140A1 - Procede et dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs sequences phoniques - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs sequences phoniques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998007140A1 WO1998007140A1 PCT/FR1997/001477 FR9701477W WO9807140A1 WO 1998007140 A1 WO1998007140 A1 WO 1998007140A1 FR 9701477 W FR9701477 W FR 9701477W WO 9807140 A1 WO9807140 A1 WO 9807140A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- loops
- memory
- address
- recording
- dedicated
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/0033—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2250/00—Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
- G10H2250/541—Details of musical waveform synthesis, i.e. audio waveshape processing from individual wavetable samples, independently of their origin or of the sound they represent
- G10H2250/641—Waveform sampler, i.e. music samplers; Sampled music loop processing, wherein a loop is a sample of a performance that has been edited to repeat seamlessly without clicks or artifacts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for the recording in cyclic loops of several phonic sequences, with a view to their simultaneous reproduction, by means of a device using sampled phonic signals and including a memory, a memory control unit and means for reproducing sounds.
- the invention is particularly useful for a device of the pseudo multi-track play-back type intended to reproduce cyclically according to a determined rhythmic coefficient different phonic signals sampled and stored in accordance with the method of the invention.
- an audio signal processor which can both sample and process audio signals.
- the processor can also process external audio signals in real time so as to obtain complex choir and echo effects.
- the sampled audio signal is divided into two parts, one of which is processed separately from the other.
- EP-A-0 551 884 is also known, which deals with a sound signal generator adapted to be connected to a microcomputer.
- EP-A-0 484 047 is also known which relates to a device providing an audio signal requiring a so-called MIDI sequence for cyclic synchronization.
- a simple solution to obtain a cyclical musical background consists in reproducing, in a continuously repeated manner, one or more sound passages all calibrated in the same musical rhythm. This is what a device that reproduces, from a reading from a memory, different phonic signals can achieve. As a rule, these phonic signals have been previously sampled and digitized to be placed in memory.
- the object of the present invention is to obviate these drawbacks with a method and a device of the relaxed type which does not require a trigger sequence to obtain synchronization of the signals.
- Another object of the invention is to determine a device which can be used in a simple manner by a non-professional.
- Yet another object of the invention is to deal essentially with the human voice.
- the method is defined by the following steps: the loops are launched with default values, so that they operate substantially permanently with the desired values thereof in terms of tempo common to all loops, the desired number of measures of each loop and the sampling frequency; and recording the phonic signals for at least one determined loop.
- the default values of the loops are determined beforehand.
- the control unit includes a cyclic address generator dedicated to each of the loops
- the cyclic address generators dedicated to each of the loops are launched with default values, so that they operate cyclically at all times.
- the duration of the recording is limited to the strict duration of the determined loop, this duration being determined by the tempo, the number of measures of the loop and the sampling frequency.
- the device includes an Honor sample, a random access memory, a memory control unit including a cyclic address generator dedicated to each of the loops and a means of reproducing the sounds; the address generators dedicated to each of the loops continuously evolve cyclically as a function of the sampling frequency, with loop values chosen by default.
- the device comprises a means making it possible to modify the default values of the loops and, in particular, to fix a tempo common to all the loops, the number of measures of each of the loops before recording, and the sampling frequency.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of the device according to the invention.
- Figure 2 schematically shows a block table of an address generation device usable in page mode that can be used in the device of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic table of the connection of a random access memory to demultiplexed address bus to a microcontroller.
- FIG. 1 thus represents a device of digital type comprising a control unit 101 including a memory control unit 103, an Honor sample and all the electronic circuits required for the management of the device.
- the memory 103 is here of the random access type accessible in writing and in reading from the control unit 101.
- “Honor sample” is understood, of course, conventionally a device for sampling an analog sound signal, but also a functional means for processing an already digitized signal originating, for example from a optical disc or computer.
- the Honor sample normally includes an analog-to-digital converter preceded by anti-aliasing filters for analog signals.
- the Honor sample includes a decoder of the digital input signals, and is limited either to resampling the input signal at the rate of the sampling frequency of the output signals, or to converting the frequency which can allow the device to work at a frequency other than that of the transmission link.
- a dual access sequential memory can be favorably provided when the digital input signal is transmitted in the form of very high speed packets.
- the sampler is of a conventional type, since the input phonic signal comes from a microphone.
- the control unit 101 initially reads the default values to be applied to the loops, ie the common tempo, the number of measures and the sampling frequency of the sound signals. Cyclic address generators therefore operate continuously on the basis of these values. Preferably, this operation is carried out during the commissioning of the device. However, provision can be made for it to be performed simultaneously with the start of a recording.
- the phonic signals which will be processed originate from a microphone 111. Although this is not highlighted in the drawing, stereophony can easily be implemented here.
- the signal from the microphone 111 is applied to the input 113 of the control unit 101 for sampling and storage, via an amplifier 115 making it possible to adjust the initial volume.
- an echo signal by means of a summer 117.
- the characteristics of the delay line are directly controlled by the control unit 101.
- this delay line 121 is theoretical, because the control unit 101 and the memory 103 are responsible for carrying out the echo like any other loop.
- the signal applied to the input 113 of the control unit 101 is therefore already processed according to the choices of the user.
- the user wears, in the example shown, a helmet
- the control unit 101 reads the other previously recorded loops cyclically.
- Figure 1 there are shown, for reasons of clarity, only three outputs 133 each provided with a amplifier, and connected to a summing device 135 for mixing. Obviously this number of outputs represented is in no way limiting.
- the signal from this adder 135 is applied, via an amplifier 139, to another adder 137 to which the signal from the adder 117 is applied.
- the internal clock of the control unit delivers, as a function of the values of the loops, a signal to a metronome 141 whose output is connected, via an amplifier 143 to the summator 137.
- the user whose headphones are connected to the output of the summing device 137, then receives all of the signals from the microphone 111, the corresponding echo, the previously recorded loops 133 and the metronome 141, these signals thus being directly mixed .
- control unit 101 is provided with means making it possible to limit the duration of the recording to the strict length of the loop.
- length of the loop is meant the number of samples that it is likely to contain, and not the recording time of the sound sequence.
- a switch 145 at the output of the microphone 111 controlled by the control unit 101 by an output 147.
- this switch 145 is symbolic, since its function is obtained more simply by controlling the generator loop addresses.
- the loops are de facto synchronous and it is no longer necessary to use any trigger sequence.
- the origin of the signals has been shown here as being a microphone 111. If they come from a prerecorded source, for example from a disc or a magnetic tape, a time registration of the signals may prove to be necessary. to ensure a possible better juxtaposition. Such registration is easy to perform by ear by playing on the available parameters.
- the device for a constant sampling frequency, the device essentially comprises, in combination, a first counter 2 modulo the rhythmic coefficient, a second binary counter 7, a memory of parameters 9 and a combinatorial operator 13.
- the first counter 2 with modulo programmable by means of a register 3 as a function of the rhythmic coefficient recorded in this register 3, evolves at each period from a sampling signal 4 of the audio signals applied to the first counter 2, and delivers, on the one hand, the lower part 5 of the address in the random access memory 103 and, on the other hand, an overflow reserve 6 at the second counter 7, which evolves with this reserve 6 to deliver an address base 8 applied to the combinatorial operator 13.
- the parameter memory 9 delivers, for a determined signal 10 chosen from the sampled audio signals, a masking vector 11 and a substitution vector 12 applied to the combinatorial operator 13.
- the latter delivers the upper part 14 of the address in the random access memory 103 by using the masking vector 11 to select the binons to be shown from the base address 8 and by assigning a value determined according to the substitution vector 12 to each of the other binons of the address of base 8.
- the parameters included in the parameter memory 9 are preferably determined once and for all during the coding of the program, the length and the location in memory of the loops being pre-established. It is however possible to provide for a modification of these parameters during the execution of the program by means of an appropriate interface.
- the programmable modulo counter 2 produces the lower part 5 common to the audio samples of the signals to be reproduced during a given period of the sampling signal 4.
- the counter 2 describes a cyclic sequence whose number of states is programmed by the rhythmic coefficient, coefficient which is, for example, recorded in a register 3, and periodically generates, when the sequence re-starts at the same initial state, a carry signal 6 which increments (or decrements) the second binary counter 7 issuing the base address 8.
- the parameter memory 9 also supplies the combinatorial operator 13 with a registration value 15 which is added to the base address 8 before applying the aforementioned vectors 11 and 12 to determine the upper part of the address in random access memory.
- This readjustment value makes it possible to shift a loop over time with respect to the other loops.
- the offset is quantified by blocks of samples as a function of the rhythmic coefficient, which is clearly sufficient in rhythmic precision compared to the average duration of a measurement. For example, with a rhythmic coefficient equal to 650 and a sampling frequency of 32 kHz, the offset that can be obtained is of the order of 20 ms.
- the device also comprises a pointer memory 16 in which the upper part 17 of the address is written by the combinatorial operator 13 when an overflow reserve 6 is issued by the first counter 2 with programmable modulo , this upper part of the address in the random access memory being reproduced at each period of the sampling signal 4 by reading for the audio signal chosen from the memory of pointers 16.
- the pointers memory 16 keeps the value of the upper part of the address so as not to require an unnecessary recalculation at the next sampling period of the same upper part having a base address 8 unchanged when there is there was no carry signal 6. If there was a carry signal 6, the base address 8 changes via the binary counter 7 and the combinatorial operator 13 is asked to recalculate the part addresses and store it in the pointers memory 16.
- Figure 3 which is a schematic table of the connection of a random access memory to a programmable microcontroller with demultiplexing of the address bus, thus allows the implementation of the invention.
- a microcontroller 21 is connected to the random access memory 103, in a conventional manner, via a data bus 26, an address bus 30, 31 and a control bus 27.
- the samples audio signals pass, of course, through the data bus 26.
- the upper part 14 of the address is applied to the memory 103 via a part 30 of the address bus.
- the demultiplexing of the address is ensured by a register 22 arranged between the data bus 26 and the remaining part 31 of the address bus where the lower part 5 of the address is applied.
- An address decoder 23 is connected as an input to the part 30 of the address bus and to the control bus 27 from which it receives the signals 29 for selecting the address space in memory.
- This decoder 23 essentially generates a locking signal 24 applied to the register 22 allowing the microcontroller 21 to write in this register 22 the value of the lower part 5 via the data bus 26. It also generates a selection signal d access 25 to memory 103 for reading or writing.
- microcontroller rather than a simple microprocessor lies in the fact that a microcontroller includes, internally, all the basic circuits necessary to execute a digital signal processing program without having to call on external components . Indeed, all of the required functions can then easily be performed by a software program executed by the microcontroller. An example of such a program will now be briefly described without implied limitation.
- the program consists of two execution tasks, one activated under hardware interruption by the sampling signal 4, and the other in the background.
- the interrupted task essentially concerns the first counter 2 and the pointer memory 16. At each activation period, the first counter 2 is decremented if it has not yet reached the value zero. Otherwise, the value of the rhythmic coefficient is assigned to counter 2. A Boolean variable representing the carry 6 is then set to true, while a second Boolean variable for permuting the tables of the column pointers is inverted.
- the pointer memory 16 which is a dual port random access memory if it is produced in the form of an electronic component, consists, in software form, of two pointer tables, the length of which is determined by the number of audio signals to be reproduced. Depending on the binary value of the second boolean variable mentioned above, the interrupted task will use one or the other of these two pointer tables. As we will see, when one of the tables is used for reading by the interrupted task, the other table is used for writing by the background task to compose the list of the upper parts of the addresses for the following deduction 6.
- the background task By continuously monitoring the false state of the Boolean variable representing the carry, the background task is only active when a restraint 6 has been activated. As soon as the state becomes true, the restraint is detected and the background task will calculate the next upper parts 14. For this, the background task first assigns the false value to the boolean variable of restraint, increments the second counter 7 and then continues, with the new base address 8 obtained, the calculation and the writing in the table of column pointers, of the upper parts for each audio signal chosen 10 between the first and the last of the audio signals to be reproduced.
- the device according to the invention further comprises, preferably, a programmable manual control console making it possible to adjust the volume and the possible stereophonic balance of the sound of each of the loops taken separately during reproduction.
- a desk may have only two potentiometers for adjusting all of the loops, as soon as it has a keyboard allowing the user to choose the parameter to be adjusted using the potentiometers.
- the parameters to be controlled here being digital, the console essentially comprises an analog / digital converter which converts the position of the cursor of the potentiometer into a digital value which will be processed with the sound signal. Then, for a continuous adjustment, a comparison will be made between the saved value of the parameter and the position of the potentiometer cursor until equality. The parameter will then follow the analog evolution of the cursor.
- the device comprises, in addition, a means allowing the juxtaposition of the loops.
- a direct access memory (DMA) processor to address the data transfer memory between the disk and the memory so as not to stop the addressing specific to the loops.
- a cursor can, for example, consist of the movable part of a potentiometer. By carrying out a mathematical derivation of the output voltage of the potentiometer, we obtain the speed of movement of the cursor - in sign and in amplitude -, which will be able to control the sampling frequency.
- the cursor can also be constituted by a conventional computer peripheral, such as that which is generally called "mouse 1
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97937616A EP0978116B1 (fr) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-08-11 | Procede et dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs sequences phoniques |
CA2263365A CA2263365C (fr) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-08-11 | Procede et dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs sequences phoniques |
US09/242,456 US20030171933A1 (en) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-08-11 | Method and device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences |
DE69732797T DE69732797T2 (de) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-08-11 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur speicherung von tonfolgen in cyclischen schleifen |
AU40181/97A AU4018197A (en) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-08-11 | Method and device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR96/10109 | 1996-08-12 | ||
FR9610109A FR2752323B1 (fr) | 1996-08-12 | 1996-08-12 | Procede et dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs sequences phoniques |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998007140A1 true WO1998007140A1 (fr) | 1998-02-19 |
Family
ID=9494992
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1997/001477 WO1998007140A1 (fr) | 1996-08-12 | 1997-08-11 | Procede et dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs sequences phoniques |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030171933A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0978116B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU4018197A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2263365C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69732797T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2752323B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998007140A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6574685B1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2003-06-03 | Stephen R. Schwartz | Sampling tuning system including replay of a selected data stream |
GB0018296D0 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2000-09-13 | Chamings Ian | Computer aided mixing system |
JP2013050530A (ja) | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-14 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 録音再生装置およびプログラム |
WO2015006687A2 (fr) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Intelliterran Inc. | Système portable d'enregistrement, de bouclage et de lecture pour instruments acoustiques |
JP6155950B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-12 | 2017-07-05 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | サンプリング装置、サンプリング方法及びプログラム |
US10741155B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2020-08-11 | Intelliterran, Inc. | Synthesized percussion pedal and looping station |
US9905210B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2018-02-27 | Intelliterran Inc. | Synthesized percussion pedal and docking station |
JP6435751B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-29 | 2018-12-12 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 演奏記録再生装置、プログラム |
CN111615729A (zh) | 2017-08-29 | 2020-09-01 | 英特尔利特然有限公司 | 记录和渲染多媒体的装置、系统和方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0278438A2 (fr) * | 1987-02-06 | 1988-08-17 | Yamaha Corporation | Dispositif pour enregistrement multiples dans un instrument de musique électronique |
EP0501483A2 (fr) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-09-02 | Ricos Co., Ltd. | Dispositif mélangeur de choeurs d'accompagnement et système de karaoke comportant ce dispositif |
US5194681A (en) * | 1989-09-22 | 1993-03-16 | Yamaha Corporation | Musical tone generating apparatus |
EP0681398A2 (fr) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-11-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lecture synchronisée à vitesse variable de signaux vidéo et audio enregistrés numériquement |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5583650A (en) * | 1992-09-01 | 1996-12-10 | Hitachi America, Ltd. | Digital recording and playback device error correction methods and apparatus for use with trick play data |
-
1996
- 1996-08-12 FR FR9610109A patent/FR2752323B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-08-11 CA CA2263365A patent/CA2263365C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-11 AU AU40181/97A patent/AU4018197A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-11 US US09/242,456 patent/US20030171933A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-11 EP EP97937616A patent/EP0978116B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-11 DE DE69732797T patent/DE69732797T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-11 WO PCT/FR1997/001477 patent/WO1998007140A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0278438A2 (fr) * | 1987-02-06 | 1988-08-17 | Yamaha Corporation | Dispositif pour enregistrement multiples dans un instrument de musique électronique |
US5194681A (en) * | 1989-09-22 | 1993-03-16 | Yamaha Corporation | Musical tone generating apparatus |
EP0501483A2 (fr) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-09-02 | Ricos Co., Ltd. | Dispositif mélangeur de choeurs d'accompagnement et système de karaoke comportant ce dispositif |
EP0681398A2 (fr) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-11-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lecture synchronisée à vitesse variable de signaux vidéo et audio enregistrés numériquement |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69732797D1 (de) | 2005-04-21 |
FR2752323B1 (fr) | 1998-09-18 |
CA2263365A1 (fr) | 1998-02-19 |
DE69732797T2 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
CA2263365C (fr) | 2011-04-19 |
EP0978116A1 (fr) | 2000-02-09 |
US20030171933A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
FR2752323A1 (fr) | 1998-02-13 |
AU4018197A (en) | 1998-03-06 |
EP0978116B1 (fr) | 2005-03-16 |
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