WO1998005546A1 - Grip enhancing device for tyre-mounted vehicles - Google Patents

Grip enhancing device for tyre-mounted vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998005546A1
WO1998005546A1 PCT/FR1997/001448 FR9701448W WO9805546A1 WO 1998005546 A1 WO1998005546 A1 WO 1998005546A1 FR 9701448 W FR9701448 W FR 9701448W WO 9805546 A1 WO9805546 A1 WO 9805546A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
wheel
hub
rollers
tire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1997/001448
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Georges Boyer
Original Assignee
Georges Boyer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georges Boyer filed Critical Georges Boyer
Publication of WO1998005546A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998005546A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
    • B62D55/04—Endless track vehicles with tracks and alternative ground wheels, e.g. changeable from endless track vehicle into wheeled vehicle and vice versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B15/00—Wheels or wheel attachments designed for increasing traction
    • B60B15/26—Auxiliary wheels or rings with traction-increasing surface attachable to the main wheel body

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a device making it possible to increase the traction of a vehicle fitted with tires, in particular on soils having poor grip.
  • Vehicles fitted with tires are more specifically designed to move on a road surface having a coating offering good grip conditions.
  • the surface is covered with a layer of rain or snow, the vehicle loses traction and becomes difficult to control. This is especially true in winter when the weather conditions are bad and make the roads slippery.
  • the contact surface for transmitting the engine torque intended to move the vehicle to the ground is only a few square centimeters. This area is, for a motor vehicle, substantially equal to the area of one hand per tire.
  • chains To improve the traction of a vehicle fitted with tires, in particular on snow-covered ground, it is known practice to use chains. There are many types of chains with multiple ways to attach them to a tire. When the vehicle is equipped with chains, its traction on snow is very appreciably improved and the vehicle can move in places where all passage is prohibited to him if it is not equipped with these chains.
  • chains have some drawbacks.
  • the object of the invention is then to provide a device easily adaptable to a vehicle fitted with tires, very significantly increasing the traction of the vehicle on snowy or icy ground and which does not affect the driving of the vehicle which it equips.
  • the device which it proposes is a device making it possible to increase the traction of a vehicle equipped with tires, intended to be mounted on a wheel comprising a hub and pavement of a tire having a tread.
  • this device comprises: at least one roller, of diameter substantially less than the diameter of the wheel, intended to be placed next to the wheel, substantially at ground level so that the axis of each roller is substantially parallel to the axis of the wheel, means for driving a roller in rotation from the rotation of the wheel, and connecting means for connecting each roller to the wheel hub so as to avoid vertical displacement of each roller.
  • the floor area is increased thanks to the presence of at least one roller next to the wheel.
  • This roller is moreover rotated so as to improve the traction of the vehicle.
  • the contact of this roller with the ground is ensured by the connecting means avoiding vertical displacement of each roller.
  • the means allowing the drive of a roller comprise a drive roller coming to bear on the tread of the tire as well as transmission means for transmitting the rotational movement to one of the rollers located next to the wheel.
  • Other means are possible.
  • the wheel and the roller could each be provided with a pulley and a belt would connect these two pulleys in order to drive the roller in rotation.
  • the means of transmission between the drive roller and a first driven roller advantageously comprise an intermediate roller, in direct engagement with on the one hand with the drive roller and on the other hand connected by means of a gimbal to the first driven roller.
  • the device according to the invention preferably comprises several rollers on the same side of the wheel and the rollers located on the same side of the wheel are connected between them by a caterpillar.
  • the surface of the caterpillar can be profiled to present a good grip on snow and ice and thanks to the presence of crampons.
  • each driven roller is mounted on a chassis and the connection means between each roller and the wheel hub include a linkage arm connecting the chassis to the wheel hub.
  • the device comprises a chassis
  • the latter advantageously comprises at least one set of two plates placed on the same side of the wheel and these plates are substantially parallel and pivoting with respect to each other.
  • the driven rollers is advantageously fitted with a free hub.
  • At least one roller is placed on each side of the wheel.
  • a roller is mounted free on the chassis, facing the tire tread, on the side opposite the driving roller.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a wheel fitted with a device according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the device shown in Figure 1, but without the wheel
  • Figure 3 is a partial sectional view on an enlarged scale along the section line III-III of Figure 2 and
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view along the section line IV-IV of Figure 1.
  • the device represented in the drawing is a device making it possible to prevent the slipping of a wheel 2 of a vehicle not shown, equipped with a tire 4, or tire 4, when this wheel 2 is located on a snowy or icy roadway.
  • this device can also be effective when the vehicle is on soft ground, such as for example sand or mud.
  • the wheel 2 is mounted via a hub on the vehicle and has a rim 26 on which the tire 4 is mounted.
  • the latter has a tread 22 and a lateral sidewall on each side of this tread 22 .
  • This device comprises a chassis 6, a drive roller 8, an intermediate roller 10, driven rollers 12 mounted on the chassis 6 and surrounded on each side by a track 14, a free roller 16, as well as an arm of fastener 18.
  • the chassis 6 essentially comprises, on each side of the wheel 2, two metal plates 6a and 6b, mounted vertically, parallel to one another and capable of pivoting one relative to the other about an axis of pivoting 20.
  • This frame 6 carries the various rollers of the device.
  • the drive rollers 8, intermediate 10 and free 16 are located between the two interior plates 6a of the chassis and they provide the connection between the two plates 6a, and the driven rollers 12 are located outside the chassis 6 and are mounted on the outer plates 6b.
  • the plates 6a and 6b are preferably made of an aluminum alloy.
  • the drive roller 8 is mounted between the two plates of the chassis so as to come to bear on the tread 22 of the tire 4.
  • the peripheral surface of this roller is knurled to allow better drive by the tire 4.
  • the intermediate roller 10 is engaged with the drive roller 8.
  • the latter has a direction of rotation opposite to that of the wheel 2 of the vehicle and the intermediate roller in turn rotates in the same direction as the wheel 2.
  • a gimbal 24 connects the intermediate roller to a first driven roller 12a on each side of the wheel. This gimbal 24 transmits the rotational movement of the intermediate roller 10 to the first driven roller 12a without reversing the direction of rotation.
  • the driven roller 12a therefore rotates in the same direction as the wheel 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows in more detail the mounting of a roller, the drive roller 8 here, between the two plates 6a and 6b constituting the chassis 6.
  • the drive roller is mounted on an axis 36 by means of bearings 38 and it is located between two mounting flanges 40, one at each end of the roller. Screws allow the axis 36 and the mounting flanges 40 to be fixed to the chassis 6.
  • a torque limiter can be provided at the flanges 40.
  • a torque limiter can be provided at the flanges 40.
  • rollers of larger diameter While being however of a diameter very substantially less than the diameter of the wheel 2, and smaller diameter rollers. All these rollers are driven in rotation by a track
  • each track 14 remains taut and in contact with the ground.
  • the various rollers 12 can be driven by the first driven roller 12a in order to improve the motor skills of the device.
  • the driven rollers 12 are for example provided with a toothed wheel and intermediate gears, placed between these toothed wheels and engaged with these, allow the rollers to be driven.
  • These cogwheels and pinions could be replaced by toothed pulleys and a toothed belt for example.
  • the free roller 16 makes it possible to lock the system and to keep the drive roller 8 in abutment on the tread 22 of the tire 4.
  • H is removably mounted. This facilitates the mounting of the device on the wheel 2. The mounting of the device on a wheel is described in detail below.
  • the attachment arm 18 connects the chassis 6 at a plate 6a on which the drive rollers 8, intermediate 10 and free 16 are fixed.
  • the attachment arm 18 is advantageously provided with a hinge allowing it to fold.
  • the device according to the invention is much less bulky and is therefore much easier to store.
  • Figure 4 shows in section the attachment of the attachment arm 18 on the wheel hub. This fixing is done using a free hub 28.
  • the latter has an external body 30, a bearing 32 and a central axis 34.
  • the external body 30 is fixed to the hub of the wheel through the rim 26 of the wheel using, for example, passages provided in the rim for its fixing to the hub of the wheel using screws. This external body 30 rotates at the same time as the wheel 2.
  • the bearing 32 is placed in the external body 30 and the central axis 34 is mounted in the center of the bearing 32.
  • the mounting is carried out so that the geometric axis of the central axis 34 corresponds to the axis of the wheel . Thanks to the bearing, it is possible that the central axis 34 is not rotated.
  • the attachment arm 18 is fixed on the central axis 34.
  • the fixing can be carried out for example using a simple snap-fastening or even using a pin.
  • the assembly of the device described above is very simple. In the disassembled position, the free roller 16 is detached from the chassis 6 and the attachment arm 18 is possibly folded.
  • the device, seen from above (FIG. 2), has a U shape.
  • the vehicle thus equipped can then roll.
  • the tire tread drives the drive roller 8 in friction rotation.
  • the first driven rollers 12a are set in motion and the tracks 14 rotate around the rollers 12 in the direction of travel of the vehicle.
  • the contact surface is multiplied by a factor of the order of 5 to 10, thus very significantly increasing the traction of the vehicle.
  • the device is not necessarily provided with rollers on both sides of the wheel to be fitted.
  • a single row of rollers can already significantly increase the surface area on the ground.
  • Tracks mounted around the driven rollers are optional. By choosing a peripheral surface allowing good adhesion, for example by providing crampons, it is possible to increase the traction of the vehicle and allow it to cross difficult passages which it could not cross without special equipment.
  • the drive mode of the rollers is given by way of example. Instead of using friction and a cardan transmission, it is possible to use one or more toothed belt (s) and / or gears.

Abstract

A device for mounting on a wheel (2) comprising a hub and a surrounding tyre (4) with a tread (22) is disclosed. The device comprises at least one roller (12, 12a) having a substantially smaller diameter than the wheel and arranged alongside said wheel (2) substantially at ground level so that each roller axis is substantially parellel to the wheel axis; means (8, 10, 24) for rotating a roller (12a) using the rotation of the wheel; and connecting means (18) for linking each roller (12) to the wheel hub in such a way that vertical movement of each roller is prevented.

Description

Dispositif permettant d'augmenter la motricité d'un véhicule équipé de pneumatiques Device for increasing the traction of a vehicle fitted with tires
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif permettant d'augmenter la motricité d'un véhicule équipé de pneumatiques, notamment sur des sols présentant une faible adhérence.The subject of the present invention is a device making it possible to increase the traction of a vehicle fitted with tires, in particular on soils having poor grip.
Les véhicules équipés de pneumatiques, notamment les véhicules automobiles, sont plus spécialement conçus pour se déplacer sur une chaussée présentant un revêtement offrant de bonnes conditions d'adhérence. Dès que le revêtement est recouvert d'une couche de pluie ou de neige, le véhicule perd de sa motricité et devient difficilement maîtrisable. Ceci est notamment vrai en hiver lorsque les conditions climatiques sont mauvaises et rendent les chaussées glissantes. En effet, la surface de contact permettant de transmettre le couple moteur destiné à faire avancer le véhicule au sol n'est que de quelques centimètres carrés. Cette surface est, pour un véhicule automobile, sensiblement égale à la surface d'une main par pneumatique.Vehicles fitted with tires, in particular motor vehicles, are more specifically designed to move on a road surface having a coating offering good grip conditions. As soon as the surface is covered with a layer of rain or snow, the vehicle loses traction and becomes difficult to control. This is especially true in winter when the weather conditions are bad and make the roads slippery. Indeed, the contact surface for transmitting the engine torque intended to move the vehicle to the ground is only a few square centimeters. This area is, for a motor vehicle, substantially equal to the area of one hand per tire.
Pour améliorer la motricité d'un véhicule équipé de pneumatiques, notamment sur un sol enneigé, il est connu d'utiliser des chaînes. Il existe de nombreux types de chaînes avec de multiples façons de fixer celles ci sur un pneumatique. Lorsque le véhicule est équipé de chaînes, sa motricité sur la neige est très sensiblement améliorée et le véhicule peut se déplacer à des endroits où tout passage lui est interdit s'il n'est pas équipé de ces chaînes.To improve the traction of a vehicle fitted with tires, in particular on snow-covered ground, it is known practice to use chains. There are many types of chains with multiple ways to attach them to a tire. When the vehicle is equipped with chains, its traction on snow is very appreciably improved and the vehicle can move in places where all passage is prohibited to him if it is not equipped with these chains.
Malgré leur efficacité, les chaînes présentent quelques inconvénients. Tout d'abord, leur montage sur les roues du véhicule n'est pas très aisé. Il faut avoir l'habitude de monter des chaînes pour pouvoir les monter rapidement. Or les chaînes sont généralement utilisées de manière occasionnelle, voire exceptionnelle.Despite their effectiveness, chains have some drawbacks. First of all, their mounting on the vehicle wheels is not very easy. You must be used to mounting chains to be able to mount them quickly. However, chains are generally used occasionally, even exceptionally.
De plus, la présence de chaînes crée, en roulant, des vibrations qui sont nettement sensibles dans la conduite du véhicule. Plus l'épaisseur de la couche de neige est réduite, plus les vibrations retransmises au conducteur du véhicule sont importantes.In addition, the presence of chains creates, while driving, vibrations which are clearly perceptible in driving the vehicle. The more the thickness of the layer of snow is reduced, the more the vibrations retransmitted to the driver of the vehicle.
Le but de l'invention est alors de fournir un dispositif facilement adaptable à un véhicule équipé de pneumatiques, augmentant très sensiblement la motricité du véhicule sur un sol enneigé ou verglacé et qui n'altère pas la conduite du véhicule qu'il équipe. A cet effet, le dispositif qu'elle propose est un dispositif permettant d'augmenter la motricité d'un véhicule équipé de pneumatiques, destiné à être monté sur une roue comportant un moyeu et chaussée d'un pneumatique présentant une bande de roulement. Selon l'invention, ce dispositif comporte : au moins un rouleau, de diamètre sensiblement inférieur au diamètre de la roue, destiné à être placé à côté de la roue, sensiblement au niveau du sol de telle sorte que l'axe de chaque rouleau soit sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de la roue, des moyens permettant l'entraînement en rotation d'un rouleau à partir de la rotation de la roue, et des moyens de liaison permettant de relier chaque rouleau au moyeu de la roue de façon à éviter un déplacement vertical de chaque rouleau. Ainsi, la surface au sol est augmentée grâce à la présence d'au moins un rouleau à côté de la roue. Ce rouleau est de plus entraîné en rotation de façon à améliorer la motricité du véhicule. Le contact de ce rouleau avec le sol est assuré grâce aux moyens de liaison évitant un déplacement vertical de chaque rouleau. Selon un premier mode de réalisation, les moyens permettant l'entraînement d'un rouleau comportent un rouleau d'entraînement venant en appui sur la bande de roulement du pneumatique ainsi que des moyens de transmission pour transmettre le mouvement de rotation à l'un des rouleaux se trouvant à côté de la roue. D'autres moyens sont envisageables. Ainsi par exemple la roue et le rouleau pourraient chacun être muni d'une poulie et une courroie relierait ces deux poulies afin d'entraîner le rouleau en rotation.The object of the invention is then to provide a device easily adaptable to a vehicle fitted with tires, very significantly increasing the traction of the vehicle on snowy or icy ground and which does not affect the driving of the vehicle which it equips. To this end, the device which it proposes is a device making it possible to increase the traction of a vehicle equipped with tires, intended to be mounted on a wheel comprising a hub and pavement of a tire having a tread. According to the invention, this device comprises: at least one roller, of diameter substantially less than the diameter of the wheel, intended to be placed next to the wheel, substantially at ground level so that the axis of each roller is substantially parallel to the axis of the wheel, means for driving a roller in rotation from the rotation of the wheel, and connecting means for connecting each roller to the wheel hub so as to avoid vertical displacement of each roller. Thus, the floor area is increased thanks to the presence of at least one roller next to the wheel. This roller is moreover rotated so as to improve the traction of the vehicle. The contact of this roller with the ground is ensured by the connecting means avoiding vertical displacement of each roller. According to a first embodiment, the means allowing the drive of a roller comprise a drive roller coming to bear on the tread of the tire as well as transmission means for transmitting the rotational movement to one of the rollers located next to the wheel. Other means are possible. Thus for example the wheel and the roller could each be provided with a pulley and a belt would connect these two pulleys in order to drive the roller in rotation.
Dans le cas de la transmission à l'aide d'un rouleau venant au contact de la bande de roulement du pneumatique, les moyens de transmission entre le rouleau d'entraînement et un premier rouleau entraîné comportent avantageusement un rouleau intermédiaire, en prise directe d'une part avec le rouleau d'entraînement et relié d'autre part par l'intermédiaire d'un cardan au premier rouleau entraîné.In the case of transmission using a roller coming into contact with the tread of the tire, the means of transmission between the drive roller and a first driven roller advantageously comprise an intermediate roller, in direct engagement with on the one hand with the drive roller and on the other hand connected by means of a gimbal to the first driven roller.
Afin d'augmenter la surface d'appui au sol, le dispositif selon l'invention comporte de préférence plusieurs rouleaux d'un même côté de la roue et les rouleaux se trouvant d'un même côté de la roue sont reliés entre eux par une chenillette. La surface de la chenillette peut être profilée pour présenter une bonne adhérence sur la neige et le verglas et grâce à la présence de crampons.In order to increase the support surface on the ground, the device according to the invention preferably comprises several rollers on the same side of the wheel and the rollers located on the same side of the wheel are connected between them by a caterpillar. The surface of the caterpillar can be profiled to present a good grip on snow and ice and thanks to the presence of crampons.
Dans une forme de réalisation préférée, chaque rouleau entraîné est monté sur un châssis et les moyens de liaison entre chaque rouleau et le moyeu de la roue comportent un bras de liaison reliant le châssis au moyeu de la roue.In a preferred embodiment, each driven roller is mounted on a chassis and the connection means between each roller and the wheel hub include a linkage arm connecting the chassis to the wheel hub.
Dans le cas où le dispositif comporte un châssis, celui-ci comporte avantageusement au moins un ensemble de deux plaques placées d'un même côté de la roue et ces plaques sont sensiblement parallèles et pivotantes l'une par rapport à l'autre.In the case where the device comprises a chassis, the latter advantageously comprises at least one set of two plates placed on the same side of the wheel and these plates are substantially parallel and pivoting with respect to each other.
Pour faciliter la liaison entre les rouleaux entraînés et le moyeu de la roue, ce dernier est avantageusement équipé d'un moyeu libre.To facilitate the connection between the driven rollers and the wheel hub, the latter is advantageously fitted with a free hub.
Pour une plus grande efficacité du dispositif et une meilleure répartition de l'appui au sol, au moins un rouleau est placé de chaque côté de la roue.For greater efficiency of the device and better distribution of the ground support, at least one roller is placed on each side of the wheel.
Pour garantir une bonne fixation du dispositif sur la roue du véhicule, et permettre un bon entraînement des rouleaux lorsqu'un rouleau d'entraînement vient en appui contre la bande de roulement du pneu, un rouleau est monté libre sur le châssis, face à la bande de roulement du pneumatique, du côté opposé au rouleau entraîneur.To ensure that the device is properly fixed to the vehicle wheel, and to allow the rollers to be properly driven when a drive roller bears against the tire tread, a roller is mounted free on the chassis, facing the tire tread, on the side opposite the driving roller.
De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé, représentant à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme de réalisation préférée d'un dispositif selon l'invention.In any case, the invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing, representing by way of nonlimiting example, a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention.
Figure 1 est une vue de côté d'une roue équipée d'un dispositif selon l'invention,FIG. 1 is a side view of a wheel fitted with a device according to the invention,
Figure 2 est une vue de dessus du dispositif représenté à la figure 1 , mais sans la roue, Figure 3 est une vue en coupe partielle à échelle agrandie selon la ligne de coupe lll-lli de la figure 2, etFigure 2 is a top view of the device shown in Figure 1, but without the wheel, Figure 3 is a partial sectional view on an enlarged scale along the section line III-III of Figure 2, and
Figure 4 est une vue en coupe à échelle agrandie selon la ligne de coupe IV-IV de la figure 1.Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view along the section line IV-IV of Figure 1.
Le dispositif représenté au dessin est un dispositif permettant d'empêcher le patinage d'une roue 2 d'un véhicule non représenté, équipée d'un pneumatique 4, ou pneu 4, lorsque cette roue 2 se trouve sur une chaussée enneigée ou verglacée. Bien entendu, ce dispositif peut également être efficace lorsque le véhicule se trouve sur un terrain mou, comme par exemple du sable ou de la boue.The device represented in the drawing is a device making it possible to prevent the slipping of a wheel 2 of a vehicle not shown, equipped with a tire 4, or tire 4, when this wheel 2 is located on a snowy or icy roadway. Of course, this device can also be effective when the vehicle is on soft ground, such as for example sand or mud.
La roue 2 est montée par l'intermédiaire d'un moyeu sur le véhicule et présente une jante 26 sur laquelle est monté le pneu 4. Ce dernier comporte une bande de roulement 22 et un flanc latéral de chaque côté de cette bande de roulement 22.The wheel 2 is mounted via a hub on the vehicle and has a rim 26 on which the tire 4 is mounted. The latter has a tread 22 and a lateral sidewall on each side of this tread 22 .
Ce dispositif comporte un châssis 6, un rouleau d'entraînement 8, un rouleau intermédiaire 10, des rouleaux entraînés 12 montés sur le châssis 6 et entourés de chaque côté par une chenillette 14, un rouleau libre 16, ainsi qu'un bras d'attache 18.This device comprises a chassis 6, a drive roller 8, an intermediate roller 10, driven rollers 12 mounted on the chassis 6 and surrounded on each side by a track 14, a free roller 16, as well as an arm of fastener 18.
Le châssis 6 comporte essentiellement, de chaque côté de la roue 2, deux plaques 6a et 6b métalliques, montées verticalement, parallèlement l'une à l'autre et pouvant pivoter l'une par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe de pivotement 20. Ce châssis 6 porte les divers rouleaux du dispositif. Les rouleaux d'entraînement 8, intermédiaire 10 et libre 16 se trouvent entre les deux plaques intérieures 6a du châssis et ils assurent la liaison entre les deux plaques 6a, et les rouleaux entraînés 12 se trouvent à l'extérieur du châssis 6 et sont montés sur les plaques extérieures 6b.The chassis 6 essentially comprises, on each side of the wheel 2, two metal plates 6a and 6b, mounted vertically, parallel to one another and capable of pivoting one relative to the other about an axis of pivoting 20. This frame 6 carries the various rollers of the device. The drive rollers 8, intermediate 10 and free 16 are located between the two interior plates 6a of the chassis and they provide the connection between the two plates 6a, and the driven rollers 12 are located outside the chassis 6 and are mounted on the outer plates 6b.
Afin de réduire la masse de l'ensemble du dispositif, les plaques 6a et 6b sont réalisées de préférence en un alliage d'aluminium.In order to reduce the mass of the entire device, the plates 6a and 6b are preferably made of an aluminum alloy.
Le rouleau d'entraînement 8 est monté entre les deux plaques du châssis de manière à venir en appui sur la bande de roulement 22 du pneu 4. La surface périphérique de ce rouleau est moletée pour permettre un meilleur entraînement par le pneu 4.The drive roller 8 is mounted between the two plates of the chassis so as to come to bear on the tread 22 of the tire 4. The peripheral surface of this roller is knurled to allow better drive by the tire 4.
Le rouleau intermédiaire 10 est en prise avec le rouleau d'entraînement 8. Ce dernier a un sens de rotation opposé à celui de la roue 2 du véhicule et le rouleau intermédiaire tourne quant à lui dans le même sens que la roue 2.The intermediate roller 10 is engaged with the drive roller 8. The latter has a direction of rotation opposite to that of the wheel 2 of the vehicle and the intermediate roller in turn rotates in the same direction as the wheel 2.
Un cardan 24 relie le rouleau intermédiaire à un premier rouleau entraîné 12a de chaque côté de la roue. Ce cardan 24 permet de transmettre le mouvement de rotation du rouleau intermédiaire 10 au premier rouleau entraîné 12a sans inversion du sens de rotation. Le rouleau entraîné 12a tourne donc dans le même sens que la roue 2. La figure 3 montre plus en détail le montage d'un rouleau, le rouleau d'entraînement 8 ici, entre les deux plaques 6a et 6b constitutives du châssis 6. Le rouleau d'entraînement est monté sur un axe 36 par l'intermédiaire de roulements 38 et il se trouve entre deux brides de montage 40, une à chaque extrémité du rouleau. Des vis permettent la fixation de l'axe 36 et des brides de montage 40 sur le châssis 6.A gimbal 24 connects the intermediate roller to a first driven roller 12a on each side of the wheel. This gimbal 24 transmits the rotational movement of the intermediate roller 10 to the first driven roller 12a without reversing the direction of rotation. The driven roller 12a therefore rotates in the same direction as the wheel 2. FIG. 3 shows in more detail the mounting of a roller, the drive roller 8 here, between the two plates 6a and 6b constituting the chassis 6. The drive roller is mounted on an axis 36 by means of bearings 38 and it is located between two mounting flanges 40, one at each end of the roller. Screws allow the axis 36 and the mounting flanges 40 to be fixed to the chassis 6.
Au niveau des brides 40, un limitateur de couple peut être prévu. Ainsi, si pour une raison quelconque, un blocage se produisait au niveau du système, la roue du véhicule ne serait pas bloquée. De chaque côté de la roue 2 se trouve une rangée de rouleaux entraînés 12. A chaque extrémité de la rangée se trouvent des rouleaux de diamètre plus grand, tout en étant cependant d'un diamètre très sensiblement inférieur au diamètre de la roue 2, et des rouleaux de diamètre moindre. Tous ces rouleaux sont entraînés en rotation par une chenilletteAt the flanges 40, a torque limiter can be provided. Thus, if for any reason a blockage occurs at the system level, the vehicle wheel would not be blocked. On each side of the wheel 2 is a row of driven rollers 12. At each end of the row are rollers of larger diameter, while being however of a diameter very substantially less than the diameter of the wheel 2, and smaller diameter rollers. All these rollers are driven in rotation by a track
14. Ainsi, grâce aux rouleaux 12, chaque chenillette 14 reste tendue et en contact avec le sol. Les divers rouleaux 12 peuvent être entraînés par le premier rouleau entraîné 12a afin d'améliorer la motricité du dispositif. Dans ce cas, les rouleaux entraînés 12 sont par exemple muni d'une roue dentée et des pignons intermédiaires, placés entre ces roues dentées et en prise avec celles-ci, permettent l'entraînement des rouleaux. Ces roues dentées et ces pignons pourraient être remplacés par des poulies dentées et une courroie crantée par exemple.14. Thus, thanks to the rollers 12, each track 14 remains taut and in contact with the ground. The various rollers 12 can be driven by the first driven roller 12a in order to improve the motor skills of the device. In this case, the driven rollers 12 are for example provided with a toothed wheel and intermediate gears, placed between these toothed wheels and engaged with these, allow the rollers to be driven. These cogwheels and pinions could be replaced by toothed pulleys and a toothed belt for example.
Le rouleau libre 16 permet de verrouiller le système et de maintenir le rouleau d'entraînement 8 en appui sur la bande de roulement 22 du pneu 4. H est monté de manière amovible. Ceci facilite le montage du dispositif sur la roue 2. Le montage du dispositif sur une roue est décrit en détails ci-après.The free roller 16 makes it possible to lock the system and to keep the drive roller 8 in abutment on the tread 22 of the tire 4. H is removably mounted. This facilitates the mounting of the device on the wheel 2. The mounting of the device on a wheel is described in detail below.
Pour éviter que l'ensemble décrit ci-dessus puisse se déplacer verticalement, le bras d'attache 18 relie le châssis 6 au niveau d'une plaque 6a sur laquelle sont fixés les rouleaux d'entraînement 8, intermédiaire 10 et libre 16.To prevent the assembly described above from being able to move vertically, the attachment arm 18 connects the chassis 6 at a plate 6a on which the drive rollers 8, intermediate 10 and free 16 are fixed.
Le bras d'attache 18 est avantageusement muni d'une articulation lui permettant de se replier. Ainsi, lorsque le dispositif selon l'invention n'est pas monté sur une roue d'un véhicule, le dispositif selon l'invention est bien moins encombrant et est de ce fait bien plus facile à ranger.The attachment arm 18 is advantageously provided with a hinge allowing it to fold. Thus, when the device according to the invention is not mounted on a wheel of a vehicle, the device according to the invention is much less bulky and is therefore much easier to store.
La figure 4 montre en coupe la fixation du bras d'attache 18 sur le moyeu de la roue. Cette fixation se fait à l'aide d'un moyeu libre 28. Ce dernier comporte un corps 30 externe, un roulement 32 et un axe central 34.Figure 4 shows in section the attachment of the attachment arm 18 on the wheel hub. This fixing is done using a free hub 28. The latter has an external body 30, a bearing 32 and a central axis 34.
Le corps 30 externe est fixé sur le moyeu de la roue à travers la jante 26 de la roue en utilisant par exemple des passages prévus dans la jante pour sa fixation sur le moyeu de la roue à l'aide de vis. Ce corps 30 externe tourne en même temps que la roue 2.The external body 30 is fixed to the hub of the wheel through the rim 26 of the wheel using, for example, passages provided in the rim for its fixing to the hub of the wheel using screws. This external body 30 rotates at the same time as the wheel 2.
Le roulement 32 est placé dans le corps 30 externe et l'axe central 34 est monté au centre du roulement 32. Le montage est réalisé de telle sorte que l'axe géométrique de l'axe central 34 corresponde à l'axe de la roue. Grâce au roulement, il est possible que l'axe central 34 ne soit pas entraîné en rotation.The bearing 32 is placed in the external body 30 and the central axis 34 is mounted in the center of the bearing 32. The mounting is carried out so that the geometric axis of the central axis 34 corresponds to the axis of the wheel . Thanks to the bearing, it is possible that the central axis 34 is not rotated.
Ainsi, le bras d'attache 18 vient se fixer sur l'axe central 34. La fixation peut être réalisée par exemple à l'aide d'un simple encliquetage ou bien encore à l'aide d'une goupille.Thus, the attachment arm 18 is fixed on the central axis 34. The fixing can be carried out for example using a simple snap-fastening or even using a pin.
Le montage du dispositif décrit ci-dessus est très simple. En position démontée, le rouleau libre 16 est désolidarisé du châssis 6 et le bras d'attache 18 est éventuellement replié. Le dispositif, en vue de dessus (figure 2), présente une forme de U.The assembly of the device described above is very simple. In the disassembled position, the free roller 16 is detached from the chassis 6 and the attachment arm 18 is possibly folded. The device, seen from above (FIG. 2), has a U shape.
Il suffit alors de déplier le bras d'attache 18, de faire passer chaque branche du U de part et d'autre de la roue 2 à équiper, de verrouiller en mettant en place le rouleau libre 16 et de fixer le bras d'attache 18 sur l'axe 34 du moyeu libre.It then suffices to unfold the attachment arm 18, to pass each branch of the U on either side of the wheel 2 to be fitted, to lock by putting in place the free roller 16 and to fix the attachment arm 18 on the axis 34 of the free hub.
Le véhicule ainsi équipé peut alors rouler. La bande de roulement du pneu entraîne le rouleau d'entraînement 8 en rotation par friction. Par l'intermédiaire du rouleau intermédiaire 10 et des cardans 24, les premiers rouleaux entraînés 12a sont mis en mouvement et les chenillettes 14 tournent autour des rouleaux 12 dans le sens de la marche du véhicule.The vehicle thus equipped can then roll. The tire tread drives the drive roller 8 in friction rotation. By means of the intermediate roller 10 and the universal joints 24, the first driven rollers 12a are set in motion and the tracks 14 rotate around the rollers 12 in the direction of travel of the vehicle.
La surface de contact est multipliée par un facteur de l'ordre de 5 à 10, accroissant ainsi très sensiblement la motricité du véhicule. Lorsque le sol n'est plus enneigé, les chenillettes 14 se déplacent à côté des roues sans gêner sensiblement la conduite du véhicule.The contact surface is multiplied by a factor of the order of 5 to 10, thus very significantly increasing the traction of the vehicle. When the ground is no longer snow-covered, the tracks 14 move alongside the wheels without appreciably interfering with the driving of the vehicle.
Si de petits obstacles surviennent, tels par exemples une irrégularité dans le revêtement de la chaussée, un caillou, une plaque d'égout, etc, ils sont passés sans difficulté grâce à la possibilité de pivotement du châssis autour de son axe de pivotement 20.If small obstacles arise, such as for example an irregularity in the pavement of the roadway, a pebble, a manhole cover, etc., they are passed without difficulty thanks to the possibility of pivoting of the chassis around its pivot axis 20.
Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas à la forme d'exécution préférentielle décrite ci-dessus ; elle en embrasse toutes les variantes.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiment described above; it embraces all its variants.
Ainsi, le dispositif n'est pas forcément muni de rouleaux des deux côtés de la roue à équiper. Une seule rangée de rouleaux permet déjà d'augmenter sensiblement la surface d'appui au sol.Thus, the device is not necessarily provided with rollers on both sides of the wheel to be fitted. A single row of rollers can already significantly increase the surface area on the ground.
Les chenillettes montées autour des rouleaux entraînés sont facultatives. En choisissant une surface périphérique permettant une bonne adhérence, en la munissant par exemple de crampons, il est possible d'accroître la motricité du véhicule et de lui permettre de franchir des passages difficiles qu'il ne pourrait pas franchir sans équipement spécial. Le mode d'entraînement des rouleaux est donné à titre d'exemple. Au lieu d'utiliser la friction et une transmission par cardans, il est envisageable d'utiliser une ou plusieurs courroie(s) crantée(s) et/ou des engrenages. Tracks mounted around the driven rollers are optional. By choosing a peripheral surface allowing good adhesion, for example by providing crampons, it is possible to increase the traction of the vehicle and allow it to cross difficult passages which it could not cross without special equipment. The drive mode of the rollers is given by way of example. Instead of using friction and a cardan transmission, it is possible to use one or more toothed belt (s) and / or gears.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1.- Dispositif permettant d'augmenter la motricité d'un véhicule équipé de pneumatiques, destiné à être monté sur une roue (2) comportant un moyeu et chaussée d'un pneumatique (4) présentant une bande de roulement (22), comportant au moins un rouleau (12, 12a) de diamètre sensiblement inférieur au diamètre de la roue, l'axe de chaque rouleau étant sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de la roue des moyens permettant l'entraînement en rotation d'un rouleau (12a) à partir de la rotation de la roue, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau (12, 12a) au nombre d'au moins un est placé à côté de la roue (2), sensiblement au niveau du sol, et en ce que des moyens de liaison permettent de relier chaque rouleau ( 12) au moyeu de la roue de façon à éviter un déplacement vertical de chaque rouleau.1.- Device for increasing the traction of a vehicle equipped with tires, intended to be mounted on a wheel (2) comprising a hub and roadway of a tire (4) having a tread (22), comprising at least one roller (12, 12a) of diameter substantially smaller than the diameter of the wheel, the axis of each roller being substantially parallel to the axis of the wheel, means allowing the rotation of a roller (12a) from the rotation of the wheel, characterized in that the roller (12, 12a) at least one in number is placed next to the wheel (2), substantially at ground level, and in that means connecting allow to connect each roller (12) to the wheel hub so as to avoid vertical displacement of each roller.
2.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens (8, 10,24) permettant l'entraînement d'un rouleau comportent un rouleau d'entraînement (8) venant en appui sur la bande de roulement (22) du pneumatique ainsi que des moyens de transmission (10,24) pour transmettre le mouvement de rotation à l'un des rouleaux (12a) se trouvant à côté de la roue.2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (8, 10,24) for driving a roller comprises a drive roller (8) bearing on the tread (22) the tire as well as transmission means (10,24) for transmitting the rotational movement to one of the rollers (12a) located next to the wheel.
3.- Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de transmission (10,24) entre le rouleau d'entraînement (8) et un premier rouleau entraîné (12a) comportent un rouleau intermédiaire (10), en prise directe d'une part avec le rouleau d'entraînement (8) et relié d'autre part par l'intermédiaire d'un cardan (24) au premier rouleau entraîné (12a).3.- Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmission means (10,24) between the drive roller (8) and a first driven roller (12a) comprise an intermediate roller (10), in direct engagement on the one hand with the drive roller (8) and connected on the other hand by means of a gimbal (24) to the first driven roller (12a).
4.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs rouleaux (12) d'un même côté de la roue (2) et en ce que les rouleaux (12) se trouvant d'un même côté de la roue sont reliés entre eux par une chenillette (14).4.- Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises several rollers (12) on the same side of the wheel (2) and in that the rollers (12) being of the same side of the wheel are connected together by a track (14).
5.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque rouleau entraîné ( 12) est monté sur un châssis (6) et en ce que les moyens de liaison entre chaque rouleau et le moyeu de la roue comportent un bras de liaison (18) reliant le châssis (6) au moyeu de la roue.5.- Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each driven roller (12) is mounted on a frame (6) and in that the connecting means between each roller and the hub of the wheel comprise a link arm (18) connecting the chassis (6) to the wheel hub.
6.- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (6) comporte au moins un ensemble de deux plaques (6a, 6b) placées d'un même côté de la roue (2) et en ce que ces plaques (6a, 6b) sont sensiblement parallèles et pivotantes l'une par rapport à l'autre.6.- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the frame (6) comprises at least one set of two plates (6a, 6b) placed on the same side of the wheel (2) and in that these plates ( 6a, 6b) are substantially parallel and pivoting with respect to each other.
7.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le moyeu de la roue est équipé d'un moyeu libre (28).7.- Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wheel hub is equipped with a free hub (28).
8.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un rouleau (12) placé de chaque côté de la roue.8.- Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises at least one roller (12) placed on each side of the wheel.
9.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3 et la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un rouleau (16) est monté libre sur le châssis, face à la bande de roulement (22) du pneumatique, du côté opposé au rouleau entraîneur (8). 9.- Device according to one of claims 2 or 3 and claim 5, characterized in that a roller (16) is mounted free on the chassis, facing the tread (22) of the tire, on the opposite side with the driving roller (8).
PCT/FR1997/001448 1996-08-07 1997-08-04 Grip enhancing device for tyre-mounted vehicles WO1998005546A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9610136A FR2752199B1 (en) 1996-08-07 1996-08-07 DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE POWER OF A VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH TIRES
FR96/10136 1996-08-07

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WO1998005546A1 true WO1998005546A1 (en) 1998-02-12

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FR (1) FR2752199B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998005546A1 (en)

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RU2475367C2 (en) * 2010-05-28 2013-02-20 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Дальневосточный государственный аграрный университет Auxiliary trapezoidal wheel propulsor to increase wheeled tractor flotation
CN104553602A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-29 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 Antiskid wheels for track detecting trolley
CN106476917A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-08 青岛开世橡胶履带有限公司 Tire drive-type snowfield crawler travel device
RU2652483C1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-04-26 Дмитрий Вячеславович Куприн Module attachment mount to fix it on vehicle and multipurpose tracked module with this mount
RU2705718C1 (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-11-11 Владимир Михайлович Степанов Universal caterpillar module
WO2020124641A1 (en) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 张发铭 Vehicle crawler-type adjustable anti-slipping device capable of being rapidly connected

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NO20021227L (en) * 2002-03-12 2003-09-15 Grit Services Friction gear for motor vehicle
FR2942426A1 (en) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-27 Alain Keribin METHOD AND DEVICES FOR MOVING A VEHICLE ON A SLIDING OR FRAGILE SURFACE
CN106585751B (en) * 2016-11-14 2018-12-21 江苏莘翔机电有限公司 It is a kind of suitable for automobile and crawler-tread mechanism easy for installation

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CH239868A (en) * 1944-05-12 1945-11-15 Grell Werner Motor vehicle.
US2556270A (en) * 1950-03-18 1951-06-12 Groeller Alexander Traction attachment device for vehicle wheels
GB838894A (en) * 1957-12-27 1960-06-22 Schlepperwerk Nordhausen Veb Half-track arrangement on tractors or other vehicles
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WO1992018372A1 (en) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-29 James Francis Mcallister Anti-slip device and vehicles including the same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2475367C2 (en) * 2010-05-28 2013-02-20 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Дальневосточный государственный аграрный университет Auxiliary trapezoidal wheel propulsor to increase wheeled tractor flotation
CN104553602A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-29 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 Antiskid wheels for track detecting trolley
CN106476917A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-08 青岛开世橡胶履带有限公司 Tire drive-type snowfield crawler travel device
RU2652483C1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-04-26 Дмитрий Вячеславович Куприн Module attachment mount to fix it on vehicle and multipurpose tracked module with this mount
WO2020124641A1 (en) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 张发铭 Vehicle crawler-type adjustable anti-slipping device capable of being rapidly connected
RU2705718C1 (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-11-11 Владимир Михайлович Степанов Universal caterpillar module

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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FR2752199A1 (en) 1998-02-13

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