WO1998003054A1

WO1998003054A1 - Method and device for guiding sunlight and regulating temperatures

Info

Publication number: WO1998003054A1
Application number: PCT/EP1997/003723
Authority: WO
Inventors: Friedolf Mutschler
Original assignee: Friedolf Mutschler
Priority date: 1996-07-23
Filing date: 1997-07-12
Publication date: 1998-01-29
Also published as: CA2261777A1; EP0917422A1; DE19629670A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a method and device for guiding sunlight and regulating temperatures, the device taking the form of a bio-solar disc (1) which, by means of solar energy, encourages plant growth and acceleration and reinforcement of the general ripening process of plants growing above and/or below the ground. The device essentially comprises a pot-shaped plastics hood with an opening region comprising only one central aperture for growth, an adjoining guiding region, with a wall curved slightly in the direction of the opening, and a frustoconical insertion region. By virtue of the bio-solar disc (1) formed with a cavity containing a heat-accumulating material and with a central aperture for growth holding the main growth of the plants, the existing solar radiation (6) is activated to encourage growth and fructification of the plants (3). The bio-solar disc (1), which can also be produced from biological material in an economic and environmentally-friendly manner, can be widely used, irrespective of the terrain, in agriculture and horticulture.

Description

Method and device for directing sunlight and

Temperature control

The present invention relates to a method and device for directing the sunlight and regulating the temperature in the form of a biosol disk to promote plant growth and to accelerate and intensify the general ripening process of above-ground and / or underground crops by using solar energy according to the preamble of the claim 1 and 6.

From DE 30 23 252 AI a plastic vine hood in a pot shape with a central, provided for the reception of the central plant shoot opening, with a subsequent guide area with a slightly curved towards the opening m wall and a truncated cone-shaped insertion area is known.

This well-known pot-shaped vine hood, which is open at the bottom and has a very steep finish, has a vine hood with a slightly curved wall in the direction of the opening and has a frustoconical or otherwise shaped plant

The insertion area as well as predetermined breaking points at the opening area and reinforcing ribs are intended to protect the rooting part of a plant, in particular a vine, against mechanical damage and to keep away stressful plant treatment agents, as well as to favor plant growth and prevent the plant root area from drying out.

Furthermore, this well-known pot-vine hood can be used to prevent weed and secondary shoot formation and to protect the vines or other plants from frost, but also to steer growth through the light-guiding effect of the high-lying hood opening. When the known, pot-shaped vine hood is used as intended, it is particularly disadvantageous that the incident solar radiation inside the hood is collected in concentrated form with largely no ventilation, so that after watering the plants, an almost ideal breeding ground for undesirable, harmful fungal and schi mel diseases of the plant caused by bacterial Vine infestation is preprogrammed.

Furthermore, the pot shape design of this known vine hood has the major disadvantage that for

Plant growth important rain liquid is withheld and the plant is also caused by the decentralized water distribution around the hood to form a lateral, surface-oriented and thus drying out / freezing risk of rootstock.

The design of the known vine hood also requires a temperature gradient between the covered and the free-standing part of the plant which is not required for plant growth, with the plant being provided with generously sized plants.

Opening point or additional pot opening enlargement (predetermined breaking points), an extremely rapid heat exchange takes place in the vine hood, additionally damaging to plant growth.

Finally, the system, which is open at the bottom and has a simple wall configuration, has inadequate heat storage capacity for special purposes.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a device for directing sunlight and

To further develop temperature control to promote plant growth and to accelerate and intensify the general ripening process of above-ground fruit stalks by using solar energy of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a concentration of solar radiation which can be adapted to the respective plant growth stage and has a heat-utilizing effect while preventing undesired weeds and Secondary shoot formation as well as frost damage and pest infestation to promote plant growth is guaranteed.

To achieve the object, the invention is guaranteed by the technical features of claims 1 and 6.

An essential feature of the invention is that the growth of the plant located in the central drive opening of the hollow body of the biosol disk with its central drive part is favored by the light guide heat storage effects given by the disk design / arrangement.

The device known from DE 30 23 552 AI is a vine hood that covers the lower trunk area with a rootstock like a pot and has a central shoot opening for the central vine shoot, while the inventive body, also provided with a central shoot opening and as it was a hollow body trained Biosol disc with a flat or concave mirror-shaped surface with special body and surface formation structuring with / without special surface coating and m single or series arrangement can be used.

The main advantage of this invention is that the solar radiation striking the pane surface is adapted to the respective growth stage of the system-integrated plant, and plant growth is favorably used to generate heat energy that can be stored in the long term in the material-filled hollow body or is used reflectively to cool the covered part of the plant and almost closed moist air system that favors infestation with pathogens is avoided.

Furthermore, the invention can be used advantageously both in individual and in series arrangement, for example in the form of a greenhouse system.

Further advantageous application effects of the invention can be seen in the fact that the surface water is concentrated and there is a specific protection against dehydration of the plant and the manufacturing effort for such a biosol disc is so low that the worldwide, large-scale use of biosol discs according to the invention, in particular in agriculture and horticulture, opens up extensive possibilities.

Another advantage is that the biosol pane according to the invention can only be provided with the heat-storing material at the place of use, which means that the transport effort is reduced.

The basic form of the biosol disc is designed as a one-part or multi-part hollow body provided with a heat-storing material with different designs / structuring and surface designs with different arrangement options.

For this purpose, the surface of the hollow body, preferably made of a plastic, may be flat or as a slightly to strongly curved circular segment or slightly to strongly curved paraboloid segment, or may have a shell-like, trapezoidal structure, or consist of a combination of these surface shapes.

From the multitude of geometrically possible and forming the protection-based subject matter of the invention, biosol disk body shapes are advantageously one-piece or two-piece biosol disk bodies with circular, square, ellipsoidal, rectangular or otherwise, provided with a central drive opening and possibly with a central recess circular or polygonal disc surface designs provided for the intended use.

The hollow body of the biosol disc, which is advantageously made of plastic, can be used as a heat-storing material, a gas, a liquid, a granulate or a biomass grown in its interior or other solid substances such as for example chamotte, bitumen, plastics, pressed

Contain organic substances, processed cellulose, coal or other solids suitable for heat storage.

The Biosol disc, which can advantageously be produced in sandwich technology from a combination of solid, liquid or gaseous materials with a basic shape similar to a concave mirror made of regularly or irregularly shaped individual bodies, such as spheres, cuboids, cylinders or other geometrical body shapes made of stone, granules, plastic or wood also be designed with a sieve or lattice-like structure for a differentiated effect on the water and heat balance of the plant.

The biosol disk with a concave-like design can advantageously also be produced from a biological material, such as reeds, bast or creepers bundled in sections, the biological material used additionally being superficial or partially or completely with heat-storing and / or fixing materials, such as tar, water glass or organic glue.

The surface of the Biosol disk can additionally be one with different light reflection properties

Have color coating or a coating with quartz sand and also be designed as a broad-beam light source fed by conventional or solar power generation.

It is also important to the invention that the concave-shaped biosol disk is designed as a concave mirror with a different radius of curvature with a different focal point width for reflecting the solar energy radiation impinging on the mirror surface with different angles of inclination. This concave mirror biosol disk can be arranged with an additional mirror. An optimal one for the respective application

Surface design of a concave mirror biosol disc is achieved by a pyramidal segmentation that optimally guides the flat solar radiation in the vertical direction to the plant, following the general radius of curvature of the concave mirror shape. The pyramidal surface Ξ pane segmentation enables the territorially independent use of Biosol disks, since their reflective properties are determined by the pyramidal surface segmentation chosen in each case.

In this case, a desired temperature increase in the area of the device for evaporation of liquids with the resulting cooling effect can be used, which, when not required, has a correspondingly heat-conducting effect

Materials can be removed. Within the scope of the invention, it is also provided that the biosol disk be formed with a surface that filters the solar radiation by means of known optical systems.

Furthermore, the biosol disc can be designed with a straight base surface and its surface can have a large number of pointed reflectors, reflectors of different design / arrangement, and can also be designed with different surface structures, such as a groove structure, a locking structure, a sponge structure or a water-permeable structure.

Of course it is possible to arrange such biosol disks in a serial arrangement - as already mentioned - in the form of a

Use greenhouse, whereby the desired plants or a biomass can be grown in the two-part, easy-to-open hollow body of each Biosol disc.

In addition, the above-described biosol disc can be adapted either partially or as far as possible or completely in the ground area according to the territorial conditions, the desired degree of heat storage and the respective plant species. This biosol disk, which is to be rated as a water-filled heat storage device, has at least a specific heat capacity of

4.182 joules / per degree Kelvin,

which, in the most favorable case, is a half-open air chamber, known vine hood with a specific heat capacity of

0.917 joules / per degree Kelvin

is more than 4.5 times higher.

The present Biosol disc to promote plant growth and accelerate the fruit ripening process also guarantees a concentration of the surface water while preventing plant drying out, the infestation of plant pathogens and plant frost damage and can be produced with little effort using biological material, almost maintenance-free and characterized by a long service life, and due to their diverse training options can be used advantageously regardless of the climate zone.

The subject matter of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual patent claims, but also from the combination of the individual patent claims with one another.

All of the information and features disclosed in the documents, including the summary, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings are claimed to be essential to the invention, insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing several possible embodiments. Here, from the drawings and their description, further features and advantages of the invention that are essential to the invention emerge.

Show it:

Figure 1: Sectional view of a biosol-disc-plant arrangement.

Figure 2: sectional view of an above-ground biosol disc with support elements;

Figure 3: Sectional view of an arranged in the ground

Biosol disk;

Figure 4: Sectional view of Biosol discs with different body structure and different

Surface structure;

FIG. 5: View of a schematically represented circular and one-part biosol disc;

FIG. 6: top view of a schematically represented, square one and two-part biosol disc;

FIG. 7: top view of a schematically illustrated ellipsoidal, one- and two-part biosol disk with the direction of the sun;

FIG. 8: top view of a schematically illustrated rectangular, one-part and two-part biosol disc;

Figure 9: Perspective, schematic representation of a plant concave mirror arrangement;

Figure 10: Perspective, schematic representation of a concave mirror additional mirror arrangement; Figure 11: Sectional view of a concave mirror with focus;

Figure 12. Sectional view of a concave mirror with focus;

FIG. 13: top view of a schematically represented disk reflector with pyramidal segmentation;

Figure 14: Sectional view of a Biosol disc with a flat base and pointed reflector design;

FIG. 15: top view of various surface structures of a biosol disk;

Figure 16: Top view of a schematically shown, consisting of spherical segments or cylinder elements

Biosol disk;

FIG. 17: top view of a schematically represented biosol disk consisting of biological material;

Figure 18: Sectional view of different Biosol disk arrangements;

FIG. 19: perspective schematic representation of a series biosol disk arrangement;

Figure 20: Sectional view of a schematic Biosol disc with a tap arrangement.

FIGS. 1-20 show a biosol disk 1, which is provided with a heat-storing material 4 and contains a hollow body 2 and accommodates the central shoot of a plant 3 in a central shoot opening 5 in different designs and arrangements.

According to FIGS. 1-3, the biosol disc 1 is formed with a hollow body 2 which contains the heat-storing material 4 and is designed like a concave mirror and which contains the main shoot of the plant 3 in the central shoot opening 5. The hollow body 2 of the biosol disk 1, which preferably consists of a plastic, contains a gas or a liquid or a granulate or a biomass grown in its interior or other suitable solid substances, such as chamotte, bitumen, as the heat-storing material 4.

Plastics, pressed organic materials, processed cellulose, coal or the like.

From Figures 1-3 it can also be seen that the Biosol disc 1 with the plant 3 either partially in

Ground area or with the help of a strut 42 and a support element 43 on the earth's surface or almost completely in the ground area.

According to FIG. 4, the hollow mirror-shaped biosol disk 1, which is provided with the central drive opening 5 for receiving the plant 3 and is filled in its hollow body 2 with the heat-storing material 4, is either single-shell with a shell 20 or double-shell with shells 20, 21. The surface of the respective shell 20, 21 can have a coating 19, for example made of quartz sand, which promotes or prevents heat emission.

According to FIGS. 5-8, the biosol disk 1 is provided as a circular, square, ellipsoidal or rectangular disk 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17 in a one or two-part embodiment.

It goes without saying that the biosol disc 1 can also be formed and used in other geometric shapes (not shown here).

It can also be seen from FIGS. 5-8 that the biosol disk 1 with the square and rectangular surface formation 9, 11, 15, 17 each has a depression 10, 12, 16, 18 that drops towards the central drive opening 5 for dewatering. The central drive opening 5 of each of the training forms 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17 of the biosol disc 1 also serves as a drainage hole.

According to FIG. 9, the biosol disc 1 is provided as a concave mirror 22 with the drive opening 5 receiving the plant 3; according to FIG. 10, the biosol disc 1 with the drive opening 5 is designed as a concave mirror / additional mirror combination arrangement 22, 25.

According to FIGS. 11 and 12, the biosol disc 1 is provided as a reflector 22 which receives solar radiation 6 and has a flat or steep radius of curvature, so that light rays incident flat on the mirror surface can also be captured and furthermore a different, adapted to the respective plant growth Focus height is given.

In FIG. 13, the surface of the reflector 22 of the biosol disk 1 has a multiplicity of pyramidal segmentations 26 and the central drive opening 5.

An uncurved design of the Biosol disc 1 with superimposed pointed reflectors 27 can be seen in FIG. 14. The pointed reflectors 27 of the biosol disk 1, which can be laid flat on the ground, are either light-reflecting or light-absorbing to protect the plant from too much light.

The formation of the solar panel 1 with various

Surface structures, such as a groove structure 28 for rapid water drainage to the central drive opening 5, a ramification structure 29 for water storage on the side edge of the pane surface, a sponge structure 30 made of biomass or chamotte, which can also be used for cooling, or a water-permeable lattice structure 31 is shown in FIG. 15 evident. According to FIG. 16, the biosol disc 1 consists of a large number of spherical segments 32 or a large number of cylindrical elements 33 made of stone, granulate, plastic or wood.

According to FIG. 17, the biosol disc 1 can also consist of biological material, such as reeds or creepers bundled in sections, which is additionally superficially, partially or completely soaked with heat-storing and fixing materials, such as tar, water glass or bio-adhesive.

The arrangement of the biosol disc 1 with a central drive opening 5 on the ground or in the ground is shown in FIG. This biosol disc 1 is closed at the side, so that in the case of an above-ground disc arrangement there is both a lateral and a direct heat emission directed into the ground, the respective heat emission being dependent on the respective disc arrangement.

As can be seen from FIG. 19, there is also a large number of

Biosol disks 1 can be combined to form a greenhouse system 35, all of the biosol disks 1 arranged in this way being connected to one another by a water-conducting parting line 36. Plants or biomasses can be grown in each of these two-part, easy-to-open Biosol disks.

Finally, FIG. 20 shows a biosol disk 1 with a central drive opening 5 that can be filled with water at the place of use by means of a tap 37 through a side opening 38 with a sealing plug 39. If necessary, the medium located in the hollow body 2 of the biosol disk 1 can escape through the opening 38 in the direction of the arrow 40, 41. DRAWING LEGEND

1. Biosol disc 2. Hollow body 3. Plant. Material 5. Shoot opening

6. Solar radiation 7. Flat, circular 8. Flat, circular 9. Flat, square 10. Recess

11. Flat, square 12. Well 13. Flat, ellipsoid 14. Flat, ellipsoid 15. Flat, ellipsoid 16. Well 17. Flat, rectangular 18. Well 19. Coating 20. Shell 21. Shell

22.Hollow mirror reflector 23rd radius of curvature 24th radius of curvature 25th additional mirror 26th segmentation 27th pointed reflectors 28th frame structure 29th tending structure 30th sponge structure 31th grid structure 32th spherical segment 33th cylinder element 34th biomaterial 35. Greenhouse plant

36. Partition 37.Waterhan 38.Opening 39.Lock

40. Direction of arrow 41. Direction of arrow 42. Bracing

43. Support element

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Method and device for directing the sunlight and regulating the temperature in the form of a biosol disk to promote plant growth and to accelerate and intensify the general ripening process of above-ground and / or underground fruit stands by using solar energy, essentially consisting of a plastic hood in the form of a pot with an opening area having only a central drive opening, an adjoining guide area with a wall slightly curved in the direction of the opening and a frustoconical insertion area, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) is the existing one

Solar radiation (6) for promoting growth and fruiting of the plant (3) activated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) reflects the solar radiation incident on its surface (6) in a plant-appropriate manner.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) absorbs the solar radiation (6) striking its surface in a manner which is suitable for plant growth.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) filters the solar radiation (6) striking its surface in a manner suitable for plant growth in the manner of optical systems.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) is provided at the place of use with a heat-storing material (4) and is used for growing plants and biomass.

6. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) formed with a hollow body (2) is one of the Has main shoot of the plant (3) receiving, central shoot opening (5), the hollow body (2) being provided with a heat-storing material (4).

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface of the, preferably made of a plastic, hollow body (2) is formed flat, as a slightly to strongly curved circular segment or slightly to strongly curved paraboloid segment or has a shell-like, trapezoidal structure or consists of a combination of these surface shapes in single or series arrangement.

8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) superficially as a one- or two-part circular surface (7, 8) with a central drive opening (5), as a one- or two-part square surface (9, 11th ) with a central circular recess (10, 12) and a central drive opening (5), as a one- or two-part ellipsoidal surface (13, 14) with a central drive opening (5), as a one- or two-part rectangular surface (15, 17) with a central one ellipsoidal recess (16, 18) and central drive opening (5) or as a one-part or multi-part polygon, each with a circular or elliptical recesses and each with a central drive opening (5).

9. Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the, preferably consisting of a plastic biosol disc (1) as a heat-storing material

(4) contains a gas, a liquid, a granulate, a biomass grown in the plastic body or solid substances, such as, for example, chamotte, bitumen, plastics, pressed biological substances, processed cellulose, coal or the like.

10. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) with the hollow body (2) in sandwich technology consists of any combination of solid, liquid and gaseous material.

11. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the surface of the biosol disc (1) has a color coating (19) with different light reflection / absorption properties or a quartz sand surface coating.

12. Device according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) with the hollow body (2) with a shell (20) or with two shells (20, 21) is formed.

13. Device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) consists of a biological material (34), such as reeds, bast or creepers bundled in sections, which is additionally superficial, partially or completely is soaked with heat-storing and fixing materials, such as tar, water glass, bio-adhesive.

14. Device according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) has a plurality of spherical segments (32) or cylinder elements (33) made of stone, granulate, plastic or wood.

15. The device according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) as a concave mirror reflector (22) with a different radius of curvature (23, 24) and different focal point width for reflecting the incident on the mirror surface with different angles of inclination Solar radiation (6) and optionally with an additional mirror (25) is formed.

16. The device according to one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) is designed as a wide-beam light source fed by conventional or solar power generation.

17. Device according to one of claims 6 to 16, characterized in that the surface of the as a concave mirror reflector (22) with a flat to strongly curved radius of curvature (23, 24) formed biosol disc (1), preferably one, the general radius of curvature following the concave mirror shape, also having the flat incident solar radiation (6) optimally in the vertical direction to the plant (3) directing pyramidal or conical with circular or paraboloidal curvature segmentation (26).

18. Device according to one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) is formed with a surface which filters the solar radiation (6).

19. Device according to one of claims 6 to 18, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) formed with a straight base surface has a plurality of pointed reflectors (27) of different design / arrangement on its surface.

20. Device according to one of claims 6 to 19, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) with different surface structures, such as a groove structure (28), a ramification structure (29), a sponge structure (30) or a water-permeable Grid structure (31) is formed.

21. Device according to one of claims 6 to 20, characterized in that a plurality of biosol disks (1) are arranged to form a greenhouse system (35) and the biosol disks (1) arranged in this way are arranged by a water-conducting joint (36 ) are connected with each other and are used for growing plants and biomass.

22. Device according to one of claims 6 to 21, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) is arranged on the ground area by a lateral strut (42) and by a support element (43) on the underside.

23. Device according to one of claims 6 to 22, characterized in that the biosol disc (1) is arranged partially or largely or completely in the ground area.

24. The device according to one of claims 6 to 23, characterized in that for filling and in the direction of the arrow (40, 41) drainable, heat-storing material, for example consisting of water (4), the biosol disc (1) with an end opening ( 38) is designed with a closure (39),